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单词 whirl
释义

whirln.

Brit. /wəːl/, U.S. /(h)wərl/
Forms: Middle English qwherel, qwerle, wherwille, Scottish quhirl(l, 1500s whiruel(l, wherle, whyrle, whirroll, 1500s–1600s whurle, 1500s–1700s whirle, 1600s wervell, whurl, 1500s– whirl.
Etymology: Partly < Middle Low German, Middle Dutch wervel or Old Norse hvirfill (see whirl v.), partly < the verb itself. Compare whorl n.
I. Denoting a material object.
1.
a. The fly-wheel or pulley of a spindle: = whorl n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > spinning > machine > parts of > spindle > whorl of
whirl1411
whorlc1440
wherne1552
warblea1561
spindle-whirl1648
whare1688
spindle-twirl1855
spindle-whorl1874
1411 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 86 x. qwerles.
1479 Paston Lett. III. 270 vj. soketes, with branches to remeve. iij. wherwilles to the same.
1483 Cath. Angl. 298/2 A Qwherel of A spyndylle [A. A Qworle of A roke], giraculum, neopellum, vertibrum.
1510 J. Stanbridge Vocabula (W. de W.) C j b Verticillum, a wherle [1525, a whorle].
1553 J. Withals Shorte Dict. f. 35v/1 A whiruell, verticulum, verticulus, spondilus.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. iii. sig. B.ij Nourse medle you with your spyndle and your whirle.
1585 W. Whitaker Aunswere Bk. by W. Rainoldes 160 Among the other praises of a woorthy..woman that is one, that she putteth hir hande to the wherle.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A whirroll.
1659 G. Torriano Florio's Vocabolario Italiano & Inglese Cócca, the wervell or button of a spindle.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 389 The revolution of the wheel,..conveyed by a band to the whirl, or pulley on the spindle.
†b. transferred. A skein of thread sufficient to fill a spindle. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > spindleful
spindle1452
whirl1560
spindleful1611
1560 W. Baldwin Funeralles King Edward VI, Death Playnt iii Atropos did knap in two the string Before her sisters sixtene whurles had spun.
c. Rope-making. A cylindrical piece of wood furnished with a hook on which the ends of the fibre are hung in spinning.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > rope-making equipment > [noun] > other rope-making equipment
warping-tree1404
throw-crook1557
warping-stock1588
spun-yarn winch1627
winch1640
woolder1750
register1793
top minor1793
laying-top1794
warping-block1794
whirl1794
reel1797
warping-post1797
whirl-hook1797
strand-hook1825
spreader1830
register plate1832
wimble1863
snugger1875
strop1875
1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 58 Whirls are of beech or ash,..cylindrically formed, and fixed on iron spindles in the heads of wheels, with a hook at one end for the spinner to hang his hemp on. They are likewise used to hang the yarn on for hardening and laying ropes.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 483/2 This second spinner attaches his own hemp to the whirl hook.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 844/1 The point of the prolonged axis of the whirl is bent into a hook.
†2. = whirl-worm n. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants
canker1440
rukel?1440
cankerworm1530
canker-blossom1600
whirl-worm1643
whirl1658
bud-worm1850
stem borer1921
1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1042 A Whirl or little hairy Worm with many feet.
1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1042 I collect that there is a house Whurl like to Silphius.
3. Botany and Zoology. = whorl n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [noun] > whorl or whirl
whorl1688
whirl1714
1714 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 194 The upper Whirls are guarded with round pointed Leaves.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 189 Whirls of leaves often so thickly set as partly to tile the stems.
1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 187/2 The numberless animals of the colony are grouped in whirls.
4. Conchology.
a. = whorl n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > spiral or part of spiral structure
whirl1681
whorl1828
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Mollusca > [noun] > Testacea (shelled molluscs) > shelled mollusc > shell > part of
auricle1665
heel1673
lip1681
mouth1681
whirl1681
rib1711
antihelix1721
canal1734
columella1755
vesture1755
body whirl1776
fent1776
pillar1776
pillar-lip1776
septum1786
aperture1794
body whorl1807
costa1812
seam1816
spine1822
umbo1822
varix1822
peristome1828
summit1828
nucleus1833
concameration1835
lunula1835
nympha1836
nymph1839
lunule1842
peritreme1848
body chamber1851
axis1866
umbone1867
liration1904
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. vi. i. 125 A Shell..with a Knobed Turban or Whirle.
1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 45 The whirls of spiral shells are sometimes separated by the interference of foreign substances.
1861 P. P. Carpenter in Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1860 186 In Triforis, the whirls turn the wrong way.
b. = top n.2 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Holostomata > family Trochidae > member of genus Trochus
topa1682
whirl1708
shuttle1750
trochus1753
trochoid1839
silver buckie?1841
trochid1861
1708 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 26 79 Trochites, The Whirle, or Top-shell.
5. A convolution, curl, spiral; = whorl n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun]
rundlec1300
waif1513
enwrapping1543
convolution1545
entrail?a1549
wreath1555
roundness1572
spire1572
rolling1576
enfold1578
infold1578
obvolution1578
gyre1590
whorl1592
enfoldment1593
twine1600
turn1625
volume1646
volution1752
swirl1786
coil1805
swirling1825
convolute1846
whirl1862
enfolding1873
snaking1888
1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 399 The noses, the tails, the feet of the characteristic monster of the sculptured stones, all end in a whirl.
1884 Jrnl. Frankl. Inst. June 418 The reduction of friction and of whirls in the wheel.
6. Angling. A spinning bait.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > spinning bait
angel1867
propellera1884
spinnera1884
whirl1888
toby1969
1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 71 Using two lines with spoon-baits or ‘whirl’.
7. (See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > area of influence > [noun] > surrounding conductor
whirl1892
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > [noun] > conductor > field surrounding
whirl1892
1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Whirl, Electrical. (See Flyer.)
1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xxix. §5598 Series of apparatus..including Leyden jars..swan, spider, whirl or fly.
1892 T. O'C. Sloane Standard Electr. Dict. (1893) 577 A conductor carrying an electric current is surrounded by circular lines of force, which are sometimes termed an electric whirl.
II. Denoting a movement (and derived senses).
8.
a. The action, or an act, of whirling; (swift) rotatory or circling movement, rotation, circumvolution, gyration; a (rapid) turn, as of a wheel, around an axis or centre.spec. in Fencing: cf. quot. 1771 at whirl v. 3a. In Kinematics, a uniform rotation of a fluid about a fixed axis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > whirling > an act of
whirl?a1505
reel?1572
swinge1583
whirligig1589
wirble1848
a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 487 in Poems (1981) 148 Wardly men sum tyme ar castin hie Apon the quhele in grete prosperitee, And wyth a quhirl, vnwarly, or thai wait, Ar thravin doun to pure and law estate.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie iii. x. sig. H3 The whirle on toe. The turne aboue ground.
1609 Bible (Douay) I. 1 Sam. xxv. 29 In violence, and whurle of a sling.
a1625 J. Fletcher Pilgrim iii. vii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Hhhhhv/2 What flaws, and whirles of weather.
1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fourth 32 The good Man..Bids Earth rowl, nor feels her idle Whirl.
1771 A. Lonnergan Fencer's Guide 87 This [wrenching] differs from whirling; because you limit it not as you do the whirl, to get a good Repost.
1829 C. Rose Four Years S. Afr. 146 A wild kind of dance, the principal motion of which was a whirl.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 186 The howling of the wind and the whirl of the snow-drift.
1878 W. K. Clifford Kinematic 214 Whirls. Suppose next that the lines of flow are circles having their centres on a fixed axis, and their planes perpendicular to it, and that there is no spin except at the axis, and no expansion anywhere.
1895 Philos. Trans. 1894 (Royal Soc.) A. 185 i. 281 In an unloaded shaft, the period of whirl coincides with the natural period of lateral vibration.
1908 S. E. White Riverman xxvi A whirl of the wheel to the right, a turn to the left.
b. Something, as a body of water or air, in (rapid) circling motion, or the part at which this takes place; an eddy, a vortex.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > whirling > that which
whirla1547
whirligig1704
whirl-about1863
a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Bivv As wrastling windes, out of dispersed whirl [L. rupto turbine], Befight themselues.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 118/1 These whirls and eddies in a River..have..the nature and force of a Screw.
1753 B. Franklin Let. 4 Feb. in Exper. & Observ. Electr. (1769) 228 Still the tube, or whirl of air, may remain entire.
1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere vii, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 47 Upon the whirl, where sank the Ship, The boat spun round and round.
1847 T. T. Stoddart Angler's Compan. 146 Trout..are found..close below banks, among side-runs and small whirls.
1902 Words of Eye-witness 101 A whirl of rifle-bullets beat upon the wet ground.
9. In extended use: Swift or violent movement, as of something hurled or flung, or of a wheeled vehicle, etc.; rapid course; rush, hurry. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > [noun] > a swift course
reseOE
careerc1534
whirry1611
whirla1657
with a run1834
rip1855
streaka1861
scoot1864
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [noun] > violent > an act or instance of
shota1000
swipc1275
shotec1330
rushc1380
feezec1405
veasec1405
accourse1598
whirla1657
breenge1789
raid1861
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cix, in Poems (1878) III. 164 The Noble Vere springs at a double whirle, Marquesse and Duke.
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. x. 52 Snatch'd in the whirl, the hurried navy flew.
1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes I. vi. 198 The lively whirl of carriages is exchanged for the deep rumble of carts and waggons.
1882 T. G. Bowles Flotsam & Jetsam 97 Such a wretched device for filling their holidays as a whirl from one place to another, and a whirl back.
10.
a. figurative. Confused and hurried activity of any kind; disturbance, commotion; tumult, bustle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [noun]
winOE
torpelness?c1225
disturbance1297
workc1325
disturblingc1330
farec1330
frapec1330
disturbing1340
troublingc1340
blunderc1375
unresta1382
hurling1387
perturbationc1400
turbationc1400
rumblec1405
roara1413
rumourc1425
sturblance1435
troublec1435
stroublance1439
hurlc1440
hurly-burlyc1440
ruffling1440
stourc1440
rumblingc1450
sturbancec1450
unquietness?c1450
conturbationc1470
ruption1483
stir1487
wanrufe?a1505
rangat?a1513
business1514
turmoil1526
blommera1529
blunderinga1529
disturbation1529
bruyllie1535
garboil1543
bruslery1546
agitation1547
frayment1549
turmoiling1550
whirl1552
confusion1555
troublesomeness1561
rule1567
rummage1575
rabble1579
tumult1580
hurlement1585
rabblement1590
disturb1595
welter1596
coil1599
hurly1600
hurry1600
commotion1616
remotion1622
obturbation1623
stirrance1623
tumultuation1631
commoving1647
roiling1647
spudder1650
suffle1650
dissettlement1654
perturbancy1654
fermentationa1661
dissettledness1664
ferment1672
roil1690
hurry-scurry1753
vortex1761
rumpus1768
widdle1789
gilravagea1796
potheration1797
moil1824
festerment1833
burly1835
fidge1886
static1923
comess1944
frammis1946
bassa-bassa1956
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Whyrle or rage of a battayle.
1620 I. C. Two Merry Milke-maids i. iii. sig. C4v What whirle's this?
1781 H. Cowley Belle's Stratagem ii. i. 24 The feelings of wife and mother, are lost in the whirl of dissipation.
1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. xlvii. 187 A giddy whirl of sin Fills ear and brain.
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xxxix. 8 To-morrow was to be a half-holiday devoted to a whirl of entertainments.
1889 ‘J. S. Winter’ Mrs. Bob vi Those who live in the whirl of London Society.
b. A confused, disturbed, distracted, or dizzy state of mind or feeling.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun]
woodnessc1000
furyc1374
ferteec1380
ragea1393
violencea1393
excess1423
zeala1425
vehemence1445
extremity1509
franticnessa1529
vehemency1534
wildnessc1540
impotency1542
violent1576
distraughture1594
distraught1610
distractiona1616
distractedness?1617
entrancement1637
distractfulnessa1640
impotencea1640
transportment1639
transportednessa1656
violent1667
whirl1707
rave1765
Sturm und Drang1857
storm and stress1879
the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun]
fever1340
motiona1398
quotidian?a1439
rufflea1535
commotion1581
fret1582
hurry1600
puddering1603
tumultuousnessa1617
trepidation1625
feverishness1638
boilingc1660
fermentationc1660
tumult1663
ferment1672
stickle1681
fuss1705
whirl1707
flurry1710
sweat1715
fluster1728
pucker1740
flutter1741
flustration1747
flutteration1753
tremor1753
swithera1768
twitteration1775
state1781
stew1806
scrow1808
tumultuating1815
flurrification1822
tew1825
purr1842
pirr1856
tête montée1859
go1866
faff1874
poultry flutter1876
palaver1878
thirl1879
razzle-dazzle1885
nervism1887
flurry-scurry1888
fikiness1889
foment1889
dither1891
swivet1892
flusterment1895
tither1896
overwroughtness1923
mania1925
stumer1932
tizzy1935
two and eight1938
snit1939
tizz1953
tiswas1960
wahala1966
1707 J. Addison Rosamond iii. 31 My soul is..in the Whirle of Passion lost.
1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross III. viii. 163 His head was in a complete whirl.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) iv. 22 In a whirl of wonder at the theatre.
1905 H. G. Wells Kipps iii. iii. §6 He departed in a whirl, to secure a copy of every morning paper.
11. colloquial (originally U.S.). An attempt, esp. an initial or tentative attempt. Frequently in give it (and variants) a whirl. Cf. burl n.2 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > an attempt
tastec1330
assayc1386
proffera1400
proof?a1400
pluck?1499
saymenta1500
minta1522
attemptate1531
attempt1548
attemption1565
say1568
trice1579
offer1581
fling1590
tempt1597
essay1598
trial1614
tentative1632
molition1643
conamen1661
put1661
tentamen1673
conatus1722
shot1756
go1784
ettle1790
shy1824
hack1830
try1832
pop1839
slap1840
venture1842
stagger1865
flutter1874
whack1884
whirl1884
smack1889
swipe1892
buck1913
lash1941
wham1957
play1961
1884 C. B. Lewis Sawed-off Sketches 277 After licking the best man in his own camp he came down to give us a whirl.
1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xix. 234 No sound and legitimate business can be established on a basis of speculation. A successful whirl in the knight-errantry line... It's just a corner in pork, that's all, and you can't make anything else out of it.
1904 ‘O. Henry’ Sixes & Sevens (1911) 75 I'd been saving up for a year to give this New York a whirl.
1922 S. Lewis Babbitt vi. 90 But—I wish I could've had a whirl at law and politics.
1923 Wodehouse in Strand Mag. Apr. 335 Jeeves, if he cared to take a whirl at it, could be Prime Minister or something to-morrow.
1949 A. Miller Death of Salesman i. 66 Come on up. Tell that to Dad. Let's give him a whirl.
1965 K. Roberts in J. Carnell New Writings in S-F III. 127 I'm going up again next weekend. Give it another whirl.
1979 S. Wilson Greenish Man 11 You've nothing to lose. Give it a whirl, try it for a month.
1985 Times 28 Feb. 20/2 John Syer came to me and said he could help... So I thought I would give it a whirl.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1923; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

whirlv.

Brit. /wəːl/, U.S. /(h)wərl/
Forms: Middle English ȝwirle, Middle English wyrle, Middle English–1500s whyrle, Middle English–1600s whirle, Middle English quirle, 1500s whyrl, Scottish quherle, quhirl(l)e, vhirle, 1500s–1600s whorle, whurl(e, 1500s– whirl.
Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse hvirfla.
Etymology: probably < Old Norse hvirfla to turn about, whirl (Swedish virfla , obsolete Danish hvirle , Danish hvirvle ), related to Old Norse hvirfill circle, ring, especially crown of the head, top, summit, pole of the heavens (Middle Swedish hvirvil crown of the head, Swedish virvel , obsolete Danish hvirrel , Danish hvirvel eddy, etc.) = (Middle) Dutch, (Middle) Low German wervel †whirlpool, †spindle, vertebra, swivel, bolt, Old High German wirbil , wirvil whirlwind (Middle High German, German wirbel whirlwind, whirlpool, giddiness, vertebra, swivel, sheave, tumult; compare wirbeln to whirl, trill, wirblig rotatory, giddy) < Old German *χwerƀil- , < χwerƀ- to rotate: see wharve v., -el suffix1, -le suffix 1, 3Old English hwearflian , hwearftlian ‘errare’ (Northumbrian hwærflung ‘error’, ‘vicissitudo’) and *hwierflian , hwyrftlian to rotate, do not appear to have survived; they are apparently based on the variant χwarƀ- , which is otherwise widely represented (compare late Northumbrian huarf ‘error’, Old English *hwierfel , wirfel in place names, Old High German werbil ‘sistrum, plectrum’, warbelôn ‘rotari, versari’, warblich ‘versatilis’, and forms s.v. wharve v.). Contamination with hurl is seen in sense 6, as also in the variants hurlpool n., hurlwind n. of whirlpool n.1, whirlwind n. Compare similarly thirlepoll n. (association with thirl n.1, thrill n.1).
1.
a. intransitive. To move in a circle or similar curve, to circle, circulate; more vaguely, to move about in various directions, esp. with rapidity or force; to go (wander, fly, etc.) about; to be in commotion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > move irregularly or be agitated [verb (intransitive)]
whirlc1290
boilc1300
balterc1400
worka1535
turmoil1547
jumble1568
swash1583
commotion1599
stimmer1616
belk1648
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] > move in a circle
to go aboutOE
whirlc1290
circule1430
circlec1440
to cast, fet, fetch, go, take a compass?a1500
circuit1611
circumgyre1634
revolve1660
circulate1672
orba1821
circumvolve1841
to loop the loop1902
orbit1948
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 211/387 Þe kniȝt ȝwirlede op in þis blast, ase speldene doth, wel wide.
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 1873 As þe blase whirleth of a fire, So to and fro þei fleen.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 525/1 Whyrlyn a-bowte, yn ydylnesse..vagor.
a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum l. 259 in Poems (1899) 54 This world is not certeine ne stable, But whirlyng a bowte and mutable.
1563 B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. K.iiii That vyle deformed Churle, Whose foggy Mates..do thycke aboute him whurle.
1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge v. v. sig. Kv Then wil I daunce and whirle about the ayre.
1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 53 Let the Strings have scope enough to whirle about with clearness of Sound.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 22 His Spirits whirl'd about faster than the Vessels could convey them.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. v. 36 Low hilly rocks, about which the sea-swallow and kittiwake were whirling in endless rounds.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxvii. 210 Dense clouds of snow rose, whirling in the air.
b. figurative.
ΚΠ
1582 Queen Marguerite of Navarre's Godlie Medit. (new ed.) in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones ii. 3 His spirit whurling in my hart, greater than I can declare.
1834 J. G. Whittier Mogg Megone i. 426 What thoughts of horror and madness whirl Through the burning brain of that fallen girl!
1859 W. Collins Queen of Hearts I. 13 A child of the new generation, with all the modern ideas whirling together in her pretty head.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xii. ix. 272 Breslau..is whirling with business.
2.
a. To turn, esp. swiftly, around an axis, like a wheel; to revolve or rotate (rapidly); to spin.In quot. 1563 figurative with allusion to the wheel of Fortune. In Mechanics used spec. of a shaft revolving at excessive speed so as to become bent by the centrifugal force: see quot. 1895 at whirling n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (intransitive)] > whirl
turnOE
whirlc1384
hurlc1400
reelc1400
whirligig1687
vertiginate1814
wirble1848
c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 916 This hous..was shapen lyke a cage..I the telle That but I bringe the therinne Ne shalt thou neuer kunne gynne To come in to hyt..So faste hit whirleth [v.rr. whyrleth, whirlyth] lo aboute.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. xvii. C vij b For his depnesse he [sc. the whirlpool] meuyth rounde aboute, whyrlynge & reboundyng. Therfore swymmers ben oft perisshyd.
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 5294 Twenti tamed Olifants turned it a-boute, Quirland all on queles.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. vii. 88 As sum tyme sclentis the round top of tre, Hit with the twynit quhyp, dois quherle.
1563 W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Collingbourne iv We knowe..the course of Fortunes wheele, Howe constantly it whyrleth styll about.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 360 Iustice alwayes whirles in equall measure. View more context for this quotation
a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xlviii. 148 Ȝon is Charybdis that vhirlis ay about.
1633 T. James Strange Voy. 14 The eddies whirle into twenty manners.
1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (ed. 2) App. p. liii A fire wheel which is to whirl horizontally in the water.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art iv, in Poems (new ed.) 70 While Saturn whirls, his steadfast shade Sleeps on his luminous ring.
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xli. 24 Round whirled the wheels, and off they rattled.
1853 E. C. Gaskell Ruth I. vii. 166 She sat down and could not speak—the room whirled round and round.
b. To turn round or aside quickly: = wheel v. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > point or lie in a direction [verb (intransitive)] > turn round or to face a direction > quickly
whirla1861
a1861 T. Winthrop Life in Open Air (1863) xii. 91 Instantly at the lucky hackle something darted, seized it, and whirled to fly..up the [river].
1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxvii. 237 The king whirls on me and rips out: ‘None o' your business!’
1910 S. E. White Adventures of Bobby Orde xii. 216 ‘What's this?’ asked Mr. Kincaid's quiet voice. The man whirled about.
3.
a. transitive. To cause to rotate or revolve, esp. swiftly or forcibly; to move (something) around an axis, or in a circle or the like: with various shades of meaning: to turn (a wheel, etc.), †twirl (a light object held in the hand), †roll (the eyes), flourish or swing round (a weapon, sling, etc.); spec. in Fencing (see quot. 1771).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (transitive)] > whirl
whirl?a1400
warp1513
worlc1530
hurl1590
?a1400 Morte Arth. 3261 A-bowte cho whirllide a whele with hir whitte hondez.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 525/1 Whyrlyn, as spynners wythe the whele.
1579 R. Rice Inuect. Vices C iv Seruantes lacke worke, and stande whirlyng their knife aboute their fingers.
1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia ix. 404 We cross the Axle of the world, And with the sphere about are whorled.
a1633 G. Herbert Jacula Prudentum (1640) 717 To whirle the eyes too much shewes a Kites braine.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 491 They whirl their Slings around.
1771 A. Lonnergan Fencer's Guide Index Whirling, is to whirl your adversary's blade about to the same parade again; that is, when you parry with a Half-circle, to whirl his blade round to a Tierce, and into a Half-circle again; or, you may whirl from one parade to another, as from a Quinte to a Quarte,..&c.
1774 tr. Helvetius Child of Nature II. lix. 308 Richard blushed through stupidity, and, whirling his hat, said he would please me.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. ii, in Poems 89 One with whom oft, he whirl'd the bounding Flail.
1823 J. Wilson Trials Margaret Lyndsay xix. 148 Widow Alison..was..whirling down a yard of twine from the roller, to tie a two-pound parcel of brown-sugar.
1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. ii. vi. 149 A stone whirled round in a sling.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 330 The gentlemen..go down the middle and up again..and whirl their partners round.
†b. To twist or twine around something. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [verb (transitive)] > coil round (something)
enlacec1374
whipc1500
wreathe1509
enwrap1578
circumvolute1599
twine1602
ingyre1610
wrap?1611
wire1645
serpenta1660
whirl1676
convolute1698
intertwine1717
entwine1796
overtwinea1817
enwind1849
warplea1870
1676 C. Cotton Compl. Angler vii. 64 The dubbing of a Bears dun whirl'd upon yellow silk.
4.
a. intransitive. To move along swiftly on or as if on wheels; to travel fast in a wheeled vehicle; gen. to go swiftly or impetuously, rush or sweep along.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with impetuous speed
leapOE
swengec1000
swingOE
throwc1275
hurla1300
dashc1300
fling1300
stetec1330
lance?a1400
slinga1400
whirlc1400
wringc1400
dingc1450
whither1487
chop1555
to cast (also lay) one's heels in one's neck1599
clap1603
precipitate1622
teara1627
toss1727
to keep on at a score1807
whing1882
whirlwind1894
to go off full score1900
careen1923
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > riding in a vehicle > ride in a vehicle [verb (intransitive)] > ride in a wheeled vehicle > rapidly
whirl1594
pirr1824
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2222 Whyrlande out of a wro wyth a felle weppen.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 475 Ho [sc. the dove] wyrle [d] out on þe weder on wyngez ful scharpe.
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 13457 To Menelaus Troylus whirled.
a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (1554) iv. sig. Civ Whyther whurles he?
1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados xii. xiii. 158 The schaft thrawin, that quhirllis [v.r. quhirris] throw the skye.
1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades x. 177 The Lyons..downe whirling from the rocke,..for to assault the sheepe.
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. ii. 49 Ile come and be thy wagoner, And wherle along with thee about the Globes.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 492 A knotted Lance,..Which roar'd like Thunder as it whirl'd along.
a1716 R. South 12 Serm. (1717) VI. 250 But the Report of it shall whirl, and rattle over a whole Nation.
1722 E. Ward Wand'ring Spy: Pt. II 47 A Hackney Chaise came whirling by.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. v. 128 Wha suld come whirling there in a post-chaise, but Monkbarns.
1859 C. Kingsley Misc. II. v. 230 Travellers..within an hour's run of the greatest metropolis in the world, whirling through miles of desert.
1877 W. Black Green Pastures iii The beautiful landscapes through which the train whirled.
1879 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis (1882) I. xxiv. 415 Turcoman cavalry whirling down in their usual loose order.
†b. transitive. To go swiftly about or around (a place). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something
umgoa1300
compassc1384
gyrec1420
environ?a1425
circuitc1550
revolve1559
circle1582
to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about1600
encirclea1616
encompass1640
whirla1657
circulate1685
gird1688
circumgyrate1868
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V cccxc, in Poems (1878) IV. 198 While he lay Full at the Seige, the Dolphin whirles the Coast.
5.
a. transitive. To drive (a wheeled vehicle), or convey in a wheeled vehicle, swiftly; gen. to drive, impel, carry, or urge along impetuously, as a strong wind or stream (often and now only with implication of circular movement, as in 7).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > at speed
shootc1075
whirlc1386
whizz1836
rocket1837
spear1920
the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > rapidly
whirlc1386
rush1554
whisk1694
scoot1905
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a wheeled vehicle > swiftly
whirlc1386
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport or convey in a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > by wheeled vehicle > by cart or carriage > rapidly
whirl1513
gallop1882
society > travel > transport > [verb (transitive)] > rapidly
rush1554
whirr1609
posta1616
whirl1616
spin1696
romp1895
shoot1919
shimmy1923
c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 663 Appollo whirleth vp his Chaar so hye.
c1400 Rom. Rose 4362 She [sc. Fortune] canne..whirle adown, and ouer turne Who sittith hieghst.
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 30 So fast Phaeton wyth the quhip him quhirlys.
1616 S. S. Honest Lawyer ii. sig. D4v A Coach, And prauncing Coursers, that shall whirle thee through The popular streetes.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i Frae his Pouch he whirled forth a Book.
1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 393 He steps into the welcome chaise..behind four handsome bays, That whirl away from business and debate The disincumber'd Atlas of the state.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. iii. 41 In popular commotions, each man is whirled along with the herd.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xx. 199 The..speed at which the train was whirled along.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xv. 24 The winds began to rise..The last red leaf is whirl'd away. View more context for this quotation
1853 G. W. Curtis Potiphar Papers iv. 163 He whirled her off into the dance.
1873 W. Black Princess of Thule ii. 29 He praised the gallant little horses that whirled them..into the open country.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxiii. 398 He had been as a leaf whirled upon a winter torrent.
1907 J. H. Patterson Man-eaters of Tsavo x. 111 The river..becoming a raging..torrent, tearing up trees by the roots and whirling them along like straws.
b. figurative.
ΚΠ
1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 2nd Pt. iv. ii. sig. Kivv Such dunghyll churles, Such newes, as is in market tounes, about the country whorles.
1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. lxxxvi. 114 The..fetches, by which unhappy mankind..is..with such publick calamity whirld about.
1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe II. vi. 392 Juliet is a child, whose intoxication in loving and being loved whirls away the little reason she may have possessed.
6.
a. To throw or cast with violence, fling, hurl (esp. with rotatory movement, as from a sling). Also absol.Formerly apparently sometimes used by confusion for hurl (cf. per contrahurlpool n., hurlwind n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > violently
dusta1225
stetec1330
swinga1400
whirra1400
wapc1440
whirlc1440
to throw off1551
swash1577
ding1614
bung1825
whither1825
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] > discharge (missile)
sendc825
to let flyOE
slenga1300
castc1325
lancec1330
throwa1382
launch?a1400
whirlc1440
fling1487
dischargec1500
to let goc1500
streek1513
deliver1574
level1592
fire1887
c1440 Wyclif's Bible 1 Sam. xvii. 49 (Bodl. 277) Dauid..took o stoon, and he castide [v.r. whirlide] with the slynge.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 79v He taught theim..to whurle with a slyng, and to..cast a darte.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 138v A..boye..was whurleyng litle stones emong the thickest of ye people.
1563 P. Whitehorne tr. Onasander Of Generall Captaine & his Office f. 78 Molested of the weapons whorlde from farre of.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 615 Who galloping vp and downe the plaine, whurled vp the sand hilles from the bottome with their horse feete.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vi. 217 The boisterous Wind that..proudest Turrets to the ground hath whorld.
1682 J. Bunyan Holy War 104 Twelve slings, to whirle stones withal. View more context for this quotation
1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xvi. 585 Sarpedon whirl'd his weighty Lance.
1747 T. Gray Ode Eton Coll. 7 Whirl the Wretch from high.
†b. Gaming. To cast (the dice). Also absol.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > play at dice [verb (transitive)] > throw
cast1458
fling1654
whirla1777
1579 R. Rice Inuect. Vices E ij Ye plaie naughteilye, whorle, take vp, the tricke is mine, shamfully caste.
a1777 S. Foote Nabob (1778) ii. 28 When you want to throw six and four,..you must..whirl the dice to the end of the table.
a1777 S. Foote Nabob (1778) ii. 28 I shall be able to tap,..stamp, dribble, and whirl, with any man in the club?
7.
a. intransitive. To be affected with giddiness, to reel: usually (now only) of the head or brain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vertigo > have vertigo [verb (intransitive)]
turnOE
swimblea1400
whirl1561
wheel1593
whim1700
reel1701
swim1702
swirl1818
spin1819
giddy1845
1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 5v Many are whom the heade whyrleth so sore yt he thinketh the earth turneth vpsyde-doune.
1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 42 A..feuer..wherewith men do whyrle and be dismade.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas v, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 30 The dim brain whirls dizzy with delight.
1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths I. vi. 160 You make my head whirl.
b. transitive. To affect with giddiness; to put in a whirl or tumult. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vertigo > affect with vertigo [verb (transitive)]
whirl1593
giddy1596
1593 Queen Elizabeth I tr. Boethius De Consolatione Philosophiæ in Queen Elizabeth's Englishings (1899) iv. met. v. 90 Hydden causes whyrls ye mynd.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. ii. 16 I am giddy; expectation whirles me round. View more context for this quotation
1685 F. Spence tr. A. Varillas Άνεκδοτα Ὲτερουιακα 456 If he had not been whirl'd with a crotchet to buy a house.
1769 W. Falconer Shipwreck (ed. 3) iii. 128 Nor let this total ruin whirl my brain!
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 502 Precipices the sight of which has whirled all his brains when awake.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1923; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

> see also

also refers to : whirl-comb. form
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