burtonn.¹

/ˈbəːt(ə)n/

Forms: 1700s– burton, 1800s barton.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: Breton adj., Briton adj.

Etymology: Apparently an alteration (with metathesis) of a variant of either Breton adj. or Briton adj.; compare Breton tackle n. at Breton n. and adj. Compounds.The (apparently isolated) examples of Breton tackle n. in late Middle English suggest that the word could be significantly older than the evidence of its current form, although continuity cannot be proven. It has been suggested that the form barton reflects a phonological development (in late Middle English) of an unattested *berton (compare the discussion at merchant n.). With the form burton perhaps compare bruton , variant of Briton n. Perhaps compare French brédindin Spanish burton (1677 or earlier, of uncertain origin); this is cited as a parallel in the source of quot. 1769, but is formally too different to be a likely etymon of the English word.

a. A small tackle consisting of two or three blocks or pulleys used to set up or tighten rigging, or to shift heavy bodies. There are several varieties, as Spanish burton, top burton.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > tackle or purchase > [noun] > other tackles

polancre1356

Breton tackle1495

burton1704

relieving tackle1717

Spanish burton1829

watch-tackle1840

pendant tackle1852

top-burtonc1860

cant-fall1867

coal-whipper1881

1704 in J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Burton, a..small tackle, formed by two blocks or pullies..employed to tighten the shrouds of the top-masts.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 199 Burton-Pendents are..placed over the topmast-head, that the thimbles may hang on each side, to hook the burton-tackles in.

1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 118/1 The Spanish barton consists of two moveable wheels and one fixed wheel.

1860 H. Stuart Novice's or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 35 The top burtons are hooked to the burton pendants.

b. A term denoting the thwartship stowage of casks, bags, etc. Also a-burton n. (see quots. 1846, 1867).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [adverb] > method of stowing cargo

a-burton1846

society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > loading or unloading cargo > arranging or stowage of cargo > specific arrangement

burton1928

1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. at A-burton Casks are said to be stowed a-burton, when placed athwartships in the hold.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. A-burton, the situation of casks when they are stowed in the hold athwart ship, or in a line with the beam.

1928 Observer 22 July 10/7 Terms as used by stevedores... ‘Burton’ to describe the thwart-ship stowage of bags, as against the fore and aft method.

1928 Observer 29 July 7/3 I have..both stowed and worked out ‘Burtons’ many scores of times during the twenty-five years I spent along the East End waterside.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

Burtonn.²

/ˈbəːt(ə)n/

Etymology: < the name of Burton-on-Trent, a town in Staffordshire.

Used attributively and absol. to designate a type of ale (frequently in Burton ale): (a) = Bass n.⁶; (b) (see quot. 1953).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > strong ale

merry-go-downa1500

king's ale1574

nippitatum1576

angels' food1577

huff-cap1577

mad dog1577

lift-leg1587

barley-broth1593

huma1625

stitchback1671

bummocka1688

hum-cap1699

Burton1738

stitch1742

old boy1743

barley-bree1786

huff1790

Morocco1792

old1884

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > beer > [noun] > other kinds of beer

spruce beerc1500

March beer1535

Lubecks beer1608

zythum1608

household beer1616

bottle1622

mumc1623

old beer1626

six1631

four1633

maize beer1663

mum beer1667

vinegar beer1677

wrest-beer1689

nog1693

October1705

October beer1707

ship-beer1707

butt beer1730

starting beer1735

butt1743

peterman1767

seamen's beer1795

chang1800

treacle beer1806

stock beer1826

Iceland beer1828

East India pale ale1835

India pale ale1837

faro1847

she-oak1848

Bass1849

bitter beer1850

bock1856

treble X1856

Burton1861

nettle beer1864

honey beer1867

pivo1873

Lambic1889

steam beer1898

barley-beer1901

gueuze1926

Kriek1936

best1938

rough1946

keg1949

IPA1953

busaa1967

mbege1972

microbrew1985

microbeer1986

yeast-beer-

1738 in Westm. Gaz. (1902) 24 Feb. 2/3 Genuine Burton Ale, Brew'd to the Greatest Perfection for Keeping by Sea and Land.

1843 W. L. Tizard Theory & Pract. Brewing 88 The Burton ales principally owe their superior qualities and uniform permanency to the nature of the water there used.

1861 Let. 3 Aug. in C. Tovey Wines & Wine Countries (1862) iv. 171 The workman takes..‘Bitter Beer’, instead of his Burton.

1882 E. G. Hooper Man. Brewing (ed. 2) 118 The Burton beer has been long noted for its high character.

1884 Glass of Pale Ale 16 The Burton Ale diamond label was not issued until..1857.

1896 H. G. Wells Wheels of Chance vi Burton and biscuit and cheese he had, which indeed, is Burton in its proper company.

1953 Word for Word (Whitbread & Co.) 15/1 Burton, a strong ale, dark in colour, made with a proportion of highly dried or roasted malts. It is not necessarily brewed in Burton, and the term is in general use for all varieties of ‘strong’ or ‘old’ ales.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

burtonn.³

/ˈbəːt(ə)n/

Forms: Also Burton.

Etymology: Origin unknown; perhaps connected with Burton n.²

In slang phrase to go for a burton, (of an airman) to be killed; (of a person or thing) to be missing, ruined, destroyed. None of the several colourful explanations of the origin of the expression is authenticated by contemporary printed evidence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (intransitive)] > be killed

to be deadc1000

fallOE

spilla1300

suffera1616

to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) toa1774

to lose the number of one's mess1807

to go up1825

to get his (also hers, theirs)1903

to cop (also stop, catch, get, etc.) a packet1916

click1917

not to know (or to wonder) what hit one1923

to get the works1928

to go for a burton1941

(to get) the chop or chopper1945

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > be destroyed, ruined, or come to an end

losec888

fallOE

forlesea1225

perishc1275

spilla1300

to go to wreche13..

to go to the gatec1330

to go to lostc1374

miscarryc1387

quenchc1390

to bring unto, to fall into, to go, put, or work to wrakea1400

mischieve?a1400

tinea1400

to go to the devilc1405

bursta1450

untwindc1460

to make shipwreck1526

to go to (the) pot1531

to go to wreck (and ruin)a1547

wrake1570

wracka1586

to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587

to lie in the dusta1591

mischief1598

to go (etc.) to rack (and ruin)1599

shipwreck1607

suffera1616

unravel1643

to fall off1684

tip (over) the perch1699

to do away with1769

to go to the dickens1833

collapse1838

to come (also go) a mucker1851

mucker1862

to go up1864

to go to squash1889

to go (to) stramash1910

to go for a burton1941

to meet one's Makera1978

1941 New Statesman 30 Aug. 218/3 Go for a Burton, crash.

1943 C. H. Ward-Jackson It's a Piece of Cake 32 Gone for a Burton, killed, dead.

1946 E. Roberts in Raymond & Langdon Slipstream 38 I can see those flowers going for a burton.

1947 ‘N. Shute’ Chequer Board iii. 49 He went for a Burton over France last year.

1957 J. Braine Room at Top xx. 176 We noncoms used to say got the chopper. Going for a Burton was journalist's talk.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.¹1704

n.²1738

n.³1941

单词	burton
释义	burtonn.¹ /ˈbəːt(ə)n/ Forms: 1700s– burton, 1800s barton. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: Breton adj., Briton adj. Etymology: Apparently an alteration (with metathesis) of a variant of either Breton adj. or Briton adj.; compare Breton tackle n. at Breton n. and adj. Compounds.The (apparently isolated) examples of Breton tackle n. in late Middle English suggest that the word could be significantly older than the evidence of its current form, although continuity cannot be proven. It has been suggested that the form barton reflects a phonological development (in late Middle English) of an unattested berton (compare the discussion at merchant n.). With the form burton* perhaps compare bruton , variant of Briton n. Perhaps compare French brédindin Spanish burton (1677 or earlier, of uncertain origin); this is cited as a parallel in the source of quot. 1769, but is formally too different to be a likely etymon of the English word. a. A small tackle consisting of two or three blocks or pulleys used to set up or tighten rigging, or to shift heavy bodies. There are several varieties, as Spanish burton, top burton. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > tackle or purchase > [noun] > other tackles polancre1356 Breton tackle1495 burton1704 relieving tackle1717 Spanish burton1829 watch-tackle1840 pendant tackle1852 top-burtonc1860 cant-fall1867 coal-whipper1881 1704 in J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Burton, a..small tackle, formed by two blocks or pullies..employed to tighten the shrouds of the top-masts. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 199 Burton-Pendents are..placed over the topmast-head, that the thimbles may hang on each side, to hook the burton-tackles in. 1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 118/1 The Spanish barton consists of two moveable wheels and one fixed wheel. 1860 H. Stuart Novice's or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 35 The top burtons are hooked to the burton pendants. b. A term denoting the thwartship stowage of casks, bags, etc. Also a-burton n. (see quots. 1846, 1867). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [adverb] > method of stowing cargo a-burton1846 society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > loading or unloading cargo > arranging or stowage of cargo > specific arrangement burton1928 1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. at A-burton Casks are said to be stowed a-burton, when placed athwartships in the hold. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. A-burton, the situation of casks when they are stowed in the hold athwart ship, or in a line with the beam. 1928 Observer 22 July 10/7 Terms as used by stevedores... ‘Burton’ to describe the thwart-ship stowage of bags, as against the fore and aft method. 1928 Observer 29 July 7/3 I have..both stowed and worked out ‘Burtons’ many scores of times during the twenty-five years I spent along the East End waterside. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). Burtonn.² /ˈbəːt(ə)n/ Etymology: < the name of Burton-on-Trent, a town in Staffordshire. Used attributively and absol. to designate a type of ale (frequently in Burton ale): (a) = Bass n.⁶; (b) (see quot. 1953). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > strong ale merry-go-downa1500 king's ale1574 nippitatum1576 angels' food1577 huff-cap1577 mad dog1577 lift-leg1587 barley-broth1593 huma1625 stitchback1671 bummocka1688 hum-cap1699 Burton1738 stitch1742 old boy1743 barley-bree1786 huff1790 Morocco1792 old1884 the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > beer > [noun] > other kinds of beer spruce beerc1500 March beer1535 Lubecks beer1608 zythum1608 household beer1616 bottle1622 mumc1623 old beer1626 six1631 four1633 maize beer1663 mum beer1667 vinegar beer1677 wrest-beer1689 nog1693 October1705 October beer1707 ship-beer1707 butt beer1730 starting beer1735 butt1743 peterman1767 seamen's beer1795 chang1800 treacle beer1806 stock beer1826 Iceland beer1828 East India pale ale1835 India pale ale1837 faro1847 she-oak1848 Bass1849 bitter beer1850 bock1856 treble X1856 Burton1861 nettle beer1864 honey beer1867 pivo1873 Lambic1889 steam beer1898 barley-beer1901 gueuze1926 Kriek1936 best1938 rough1946 keg1949 IPA1953 busaa1967 mbege1972 microbrew1985 microbeer1986 yeast-beer- 1738 in Westm. Gaz. (1902) 24 Feb. 2/3 Genuine Burton Ale, Brew'd to the Greatest Perfection for Keeping by Sea and Land. 1843 W. L. Tizard Theory & Pract. Brewing 88 The Burton ales principally owe their superior qualities and uniform permanency to the nature of the water there used. 1861 Let. 3 Aug. in C. Tovey Wines & Wine Countries (1862) iv. 171 The workman takes..‘Bitter Beer’, instead of his Burton. 1882 E. G. Hooper Man. Brewing (ed. 2) 118 The Burton beer has been long noted for its high character. 1884 Glass of Pale Ale 16 The Burton Ale diamond label was not issued until..1857. 1896 H. G. Wells Wheels of Chance vi Burton and biscuit and cheese he had, which indeed, is Burton in its proper company. 1953 Word for Word (Whitbread & Co.) 15/1 Burton, a strong ale, dark in colour, made with a proportion of highly dried or roasted malts. It is not necessarily brewed in Burton, and the term is in general use for all varieties of ‘strong’ or ‘old’ ales. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021). burtonn.³ /ˈbəːt(ə)n/ Forms: Also Burton. Etymology: Origin unknown; perhaps connected with Burton n.² In slang phrase to go for a burton, (of an airman) to be killed; (of a person or thing) to be missing, ruined, destroyed. None of the several colourful explanations of the origin of the expression is authenticated by contemporary printed evidence. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (intransitive)] > be killed to be deadc1000 fallOE spilla1300 suffera1616 to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) toa1774 to lose the number of one's mess1807 to go up1825 to get his (also hers, theirs)1903 to cop (also stop, catch, get, etc.) a packet1916 click1917 not to know (or to wonder) what hit one1923 to get the works1928 to go for a burton1941 (to get) the chop or chopper1945 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > be destroyed, ruined, or come to an end losec888 fallOE forlesea1225 perishc1275 spilla1300 to go to wreche13.. to go to the gatec1330 to go to lostc1374 miscarryc1387 quenchc1390 to bring unto, to fall into, to go, put, or work to wrakea1400 mischieve?a1400 tinea1400 to go to the devilc1405 bursta1450 untwindc1460 to make shipwreck1526 to go to (the) pot1531 to go to wreck (and ruin)a1547 wrake1570 wracka1586 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 to lie in the dusta1591 mischief1598 to go (etc.) to rack (and ruin)1599 shipwreck1607 suffera1616 unravel1643 to fall off1684 tip (over) the perch1699 to do away with1769 to go to the dickens1833 collapse1838 to come (also go) a mucker1851 mucker1862 to go up1864 to go to squash1889 to go (to) stramash1910 to go for a burton1941 to meet one's Makera1978 1941 New Statesman 30 Aug. 218/3 Go for a Burton, crash. 1943 C. H. Ward-Jackson It's a Piece of Cake 32 Gone for a Burton, killed, dead. 1946 E. Roberts in Raymond & Langdon Slipstream 38 I can see those flowers going for a burton. 1947 ‘N. Shute’ Chequer Board iii. 49 He went for a Burton over France last year. 1957 J. Braine Room at Top xx. 176 We noncoms used to say got the chopper. Going for a Burton was journalist's talk. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1704n.²1738n.³1941
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burtonn.1

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burtonn.¹

Burtonn.²

burtonn.³