wildnessn.

Brit.

/ˈwʌɪldnᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈwaɪl(d)nᵻs/

Forms: see wild adj.

Etymology: < wild adj. + -ness suffix. Compare Middle High German wiltnisse, German wildnis.

The quality or condition of being wild, in various senses.

a. Undomesticated state (of an animal); the untamed disposition characteristic of such state; fierceness, savageness, ferocity; also, shyness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by nature > [noun] > wild animal > fierceness

rethenesseOE

wildshipc1275

wildnessc1440

fury1597

ramageness1607

viciousness1774

the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > undomesticated > state or condition

wildshipc1275

wildnessc1440

untamedness1592

the (also a) state of nature1798

untameness1871

ferality1885

the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [noun] > quality of shyness > (of an animal) wildness or shyness

wildness1596

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 528 Wyldnesse, indomitas, ferocitas.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xi. 40 Mylyzyus..Dyd fyrst attame and breke the wyldenes Of the riall stedes.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. G4 And let milde women to him loose their mildnesse, Wilder to him then Tygers in their wildnesse .

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 31 Lyke wylde hartes,..throuch a certane wyldnes of nature, flie the..syght of men.

1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iii. xiv. 185 Forresters and Hunters doe call this yearely mewing of their heads, the beauty of their wildnesse, and not the mewing of their Hornes.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 125 His necessities, and the privation of light, make him lose all idea of liberty, and bring down his natural wildness.

1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species vii. 212 The greater wildness of all our large birds than of our small birds.

b. Uncultivated state (of a plant).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [noun] > wild > wild state

wildnessa1616

ferity1664

uncultivability1880

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) v. ii. 55 Our Vineyards, Fallowes, Meades, and Hedges, Defectiue in their natures, grow to wildnesse .

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 73 These [trees]..change their salvage Mind: Their Wildness lose.

1892 Kath. Tynan in Speaker 3 Sept. 290/1 The roses..will deteriorate year after year, returning gradually to wildness.

2. Uncultivated state (of a place or region); the character or aspect of such a place or its scenery. Also concrete a wild place, a wilderness (now rare or obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] > quality of

wildnessc1374

wildernessc1449

wasteness1608

inculture1653

uncultivation1796

ferality1885

the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun]

westerneOE

weste landOE

wastinea1175

westec1175

wastec1200

wildernc1200

wildernessc1200

wildernessc1230

warlottc1290

forestc1320

wastyc1325

deserta1398

wastern?a1400

wildnessa1513

the wilds of1600

vastness1605

vastacy1607

roughet1616

wild1637

wildland1686

bush1780

wastage1823

mesquite1834

wasteland1887

mulga1896

virgin bush1905

boondock1944

boonies1954

virgin land1955

c1374 G. Chaucer Former Age 34 Thyse tyrauntz put hem gladly nat in pres No places wyldnesse ne no busshes for to wynne.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxxv. f. cviii^v Nat ferre from Warwyke in a wyldenesse [later edd. wyldernes(se].

1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 3 The wildnesse of the earth and weeds..is killed by frosts and drought.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 276 The Heath..I wish..to be framed, as much as may be, to a Naturall wildnesse.

1709 M. Prior Henry & Emma 420 The Wildness of the Wood.

1801 W. Coxe Hist. Tour Monmouthshire I. 67 The scenery..is a pleasing intermixture of wildness and cultivation.

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. xvii. 271 All the wildness of Salvator here, and there the fairy scenes of Claude.

1832 R. Lander & J. Lander Jrnl. Exped. Niger I. xi. 78 The gloomy fastnesses and wildnesses of nature.

3. Uncivilized or uncultured state or character (of persons); savagery, barbarity; †rudeness, roughness of manners (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > civilization > lack of civilization > [noun]

barbarousness1549

Barbary1564

barbarity1570

barbarism1584

incivility1584

uncivility1598

wildness1639

ferity1646

the (also a) state of nature1650

savagism1665

savagery1782

semi-barbarism1817

barbarization1822

incivilization1823

semibarbarianism1828

savagedom1844

barbarianism1854

uncivilizedness1879

uncivilization1880

bruteness1883

semi-savagedom1887

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour

villainyc1340

churlhood1382

rudenessc1405

boistousness1526

uplandishness1530

rusticity1531

coarseness1541

loutishnessa1556

grossness1563

boorishness1570

rusticality1572

clownishness1576

bouerie1577

roughness1581

clownery1589

swinishness1591

peasantryc1592

inurbanity1598

community1600

rusticalnessa1603

clownagea1637

wildness1639

vulgarness1642

unpolishedness1652

brutism1687

mismanners1697

unpoliteness1700

brutality1709

mechanicism1710

indelicacy1712

untameness1727

vulgarism1749

vulgaritya1774

shag1785

piggishness1796

cubbishness1828

sylvanity1832

rusticness1838

plebeianness1840

swainishness1854

baboonery1857

yahooism1862

slanginess1865

bucolicism1879

vulgarianism1920

outbackery1961

yobbishness1969

ockerism1974

blokeishness1989

1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosc Compl. Woman i. 62 The wildnesse of the one, prevailes more then the faire perswasion of the other.

1680 T. Otway Orphan i. 11 I'd rather..grow wrinckled and deform'd, As wildness and most rude neglect could make me.

1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey II. 174 The wildness of the tribes by which it was inhabited.

1871 E. F. Burr Ad Fidem iv. 63 There is a native wildness in every man.

4. Unrestrained condition or quality; want of, resistance to, or freedom from restraint or control (with various shades of meaning).

a. Disposition to take one's own way; unruliness, insubordination; disorderly or riotous conduct; dissolute character, looseness of morals, licentiousness, wantonness; excessive liveliness or frolicsomeness.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [noun]

unrulinessc1400

wildnessc1400

ramagec1485

untamedness1592

unruliment1596

uncomeliness1607

unreclaimedness1611

infrenation1623

indocility1648

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > profligacy, dissoluteness, or debauchery > [noun]

ribaldyc1300

riotc1330

ribaldry1389

riotingc1390

riotry?a1400

wildnessc1400

arrioutc1410

ramageness1440

ribaldise?c1450

unthriftinessc1450

ramagec1485

riotousness?1535

royet1542

dissoluteness1549

ruffianing1549

riotness1553

wildernessa1616

debauchery1642

profligateness1668

profligacy1693

rakishness1737

rakism1777

profligation1805

rouéism1828

c1400 Rom. Rose 4894 The tyme of yougth forto pace Withoute ony deth or distresse, It is so full of wyldenesse.

c1400 Rom. Rose 4939 Folkes forto lede Into disporte and wyldenesse.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 528 Wyldnesse, or wantonhede, insolencia, dissolucio.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxciii. fff v/2 Somtyme ryot dothe good. We haue well aduaunsed forthe our payment with a lytell wyldnesse.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. xxxiii Turnyng insolencie and wildnes into grauitie and sobernes.

1605 London Prodigall iii. iii Impute his wildnesse, syr, vnto his youth.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 189 He is giuen To sports, to wildenesse, and much company.

1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 28 The Roman people..had something of wildness in them; afterwards this Humour turned into Austerity, and became a rigid Vertue.

1710 R. Ward Life H. More 51 Ye are running into strange Wildnesses and Excesses.

1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) III. ii. 23 To be sure, Mr. Lovelace was a wild gentleman: But wildness was a distemper which would cure itself.

1804 M. Edgeworth Contrast i, in Pop. Tales III. 16 She hoped his wildness was only the effect of good spirits, and that he would soon settle to some business.

1827 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 23 July Genius may co-exist with wildness, idleness, folly, even with crime.

1879 D. J. Hill Life Irving 152 Moore, full of troubles from want of means and the wildness of his son.

b. Frenzy, distraction; distracted air or aspect; extreme folly or unreasonableness, irrational or fantastic character, extravagance; violence, vehemence, passionateness (of a feeling, etc.); excitedness, extreme eagerness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun]

woodnessc1000

furyc1374

ferteec1380

ragea1393

violencea1393

excess1423

zeala1425

vehemence1445

extremity1509

franticnessa1529

vehemency1534

wildnessc1540

impotency1542

violent1576

distraughture1594

distraught1610

distractiona1616

distractedness?1617

entrancement1637

distractfulnessa1640

impotencea1640

transportment1639

transportednessa1656

violent1667

whirl1707

rave1765

Sturm und Drang1857

storm and stress1879

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > frenzy or raging

wood dreameOE

frenzyc1340

furor1477

rammistnessc1485

wildnessc1540

willnessc1540

frenzicness1547

frenziness1594

phrenition1642

amok1665

nympholepsy1776

nympholepsia1885

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9197 What wildnes, or worship, waknet my hert, For to hap her in hert?

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 42 I doe wish That your good beauties be the happy cause Of Hamlets wildnes .

a1625 J. Fletcher Pilgrim v. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Iiiii2/2 Though he be rash, and suddain (which is all his wildenes) Take heed ye wrong him not.

1725 I. Watts Logick ii. iii. §3 A Delirium is but a short Wildness of the Imagination.

1760 S. Fielding Ophelia II. xxxvi. 79 I enquired for Lord Dorchester, with an eager Wildness.

1808 W. Scott Marmion vi. v. 323 Joy unwonted, and surprise, Gave their strange wildness to his eyes.

1883 D. C. Murray Hearts xix Alarmed by his aspect and the wildness of his words.

1884 A. R. Pennington Wiclif viii. 269 There is no fanaticism, no wildness in his statements.

5. In reference to style or aspect, with various implications: cf. sense 4 and wild adj. 14a, 14b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > of style or workmanship

rudenessc1425

wildness1762

the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun]

simpletyc1225

nativeness1568

naturalness1656

inaffectation1658

unaffectedness1752

unsophistication1825

unsophisticatedness1858

wildness1887

1762 Warton Observ. Spenser's F.Q. (ed. 2) I. v. 197 His [sc. Chaucer's] romantic arguments, his wildness of painting, his simplicity and antiquity of expression.

1797 A. Radcliffe Italian II. ii. 59 The simplicity of their appearance, approaching to wildness, was tempered by a hospitable spirit.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 184 There was a wildness in the sky like that of anger.

1887 M. E. Braddon Like & Unlike I. ix. 204 Your wildness was your charm... You were a beautiful, ignorant creature, knowing nothing of the world.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	wildness
释义	wildnessn. Brit. /ˈwʌɪldnᵻs/, U.S. /ˈwaɪl(d)nᵻs/ Forms: see wild adj. Etymology: < wild adj. + -ness suffix. Compare Middle High German wiltnisse, German wildnis. The quality or condition of being wild, in various senses. 1. a. Undomesticated state (of an animal); the untamed disposition characteristic of such state; fierceness, savageness, ferocity; also, shyness. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by nature > [noun] > wild animal > fierceness rethenesseOE wildshipc1275 wildnessc1440 fury1597 ramageness1607 viciousness1774 the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > undomesticated > state or condition wildshipc1275 wildnessc1440 untamedness1592 the (also a) state of nature1798 untameness1871 ferality1885 the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [noun] > quality of shyness > (of an animal) wildness or shyness wildness1596 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 528 Wyldnesse, indomitas, ferocitas. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xi. 40 Mylyzyus..Dyd fyrst attame and breke the wyldenes Of the riall stedes. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. G4 And let milde women to him loose their mildnesse, Wilder to him then Tygers in their wildnesse . View more context for this quotation 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 31 Lyke wylde hartes,..throuch a certane wyldnes of nature, flie the..syght of men. 1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iii. xiv. 185 Forresters and Hunters doe call this yearely mewing of their heads, the beauty of their wildnesse, and not the mewing of their Hornes. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 125 His necessities, and the privation of light, make him lose all idea of liberty, and bring down his natural wildness. 1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species vii. 212 The greater wildness of all our large birds than of our small birds. b. Uncultivated state (of a plant). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [noun] > wild > wild state wildnessa1616 ferity1664 uncultivability1880 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) v. ii. 55 Our Vineyards, Fallowes, Meades, and Hedges, Defectiue in their natures, grow to wildnesse . View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 73 These [trees]..change their salvage Mind: Their Wildness lose. View more context for this quotation 1892 Kath. Tynan in Speaker 3 Sept. 290/1 The roses..will deteriorate year after year, returning gradually to wildness. 2. Uncultivated state (of a place or region); the character or aspect of such a place or its scenery. Also concrete a wild place, a wilderness (now rare or obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] > quality of wildnessc1374 wildernessc1449 wasteness1608 inculture1653 uncultivation1796 ferality1885 the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] westerneOE weste landOE wastinea1175 westec1175 wastec1200 wildernc1200 wildernessc1200 wildernessc1230 warlottc1290 forestc1320 wastyc1325 deserta1398 wastern?a1400 wildnessa1513 the wilds of1600 vastness1605 vastacy1607 roughet1616 wild1637 wildland1686 bush1780 wastage1823 mesquite1834 wasteland1887 mulga1896 virgin bush1905 boondock1944 boonies1954 virgin land1955 c1374 G. Chaucer Former Age 34 Thyse tyrauntz put hem gladly nat in pres No places wyldnesse ne no busshes for to wynne. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxxv. f. cviii^v Nat ferre from Warwyke in a wyldenesse [later edd. wyldernes(se]. 1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 3 The wildnesse of the earth and weeds..is killed by frosts and drought. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 276 The Heath..I wish..to be framed, as much as may be, to a Naturall wildnesse. 1709 M. Prior Henry & Emma 420 The Wildness of the Wood. 1801 W. Coxe Hist. Tour Monmouthshire I. 67 The scenery..is a pleasing intermixture of wildness and cultivation. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. xvii. 271 All the wildness of Salvator here, and there the fairy scenes of Claude. 1832 R. Lander & J. Lander Jrnl. Exped. Niger I. xi. 78 The gloomy fastnesses and wildnesses of nature. 3. Uncivilized or uncultured state or character (of persons); savagery, barbarity; †rudeness, roughness of manners (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > civilization > lack of civilization > [noun] barbarousness1549 Barbary1564 barbarity1570 barbarism1584 incivility1584 uncivility1598 wildness1639 ferity1646 the (also a) state of nature1650 savagism1665 savagery1782 semi-barbarism1817 barbarization1822 incivilization1823 semibarbarianism1828 savagedom1844 barbarianism1854 uncivilizedness1879 uncivilization1880 bruteness1883 semi-savagedom1887 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour villainyc1340 churlhood1382 rudenessc1405 boistousness1526 uplandishness1530 rusticity1531 coarseness1541 loutishnessa1556 grossness1563 boorishness1570 rusticality1572 clownishness1576 bouerie1577 roughness1581 clownery1589 swinishness1591 peasantryc1592 inurbanity1598 community1600 rusticalnessa1603 clownagea1637 wildness1639 vulgarness1642 unpolishedness1652 brutism1687 mismanners1697 unpoliteness1700 brutality1709 mechanicism1710 indelicacy1712 untameness1727 vulgarism1749 vulgaritya1774 shag1785 piggishness1796 cubbishness1828 sylvanity1832 rusticness1838 plebeianness1840 swainishness1854 baboonery1857 yahooism1862 slanginess1865 bucolicism1879 vulgarianism1920 outbackery1961 yobbishness1969 ockerism1974 blokeishness1989 1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosc Compl. Woman i. 62 The wildnesse of the one, prevailes more then the faire perswasion of the other. 1680 T. Otway Orphan i. 11 I'd rather..grow wrinckled and deform'd, As wildness and most rude neglect could make me. 1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey II. 174 The wildness of the tribes by which it was inhabited. 1871 E. F. Burr Ad Fidem iv. 63 There is a native wildness in every man. 4. Unrestrained condition or quality; want of, resistance to, or freedom from restraint or control (with various shades of meaning). a. Disposition to take one's own way; unruliness, insubordination; disorderly or riotous conduct; dissolute character, looseness of morals, licentiousness, wantonness; excessive liveliness or frolicsomeness. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [noun] unrulinessc1400 wildnessc1400 ramagec1485 untamedness1592 unruliment1596 uncomeliness1607 unreclaimedness1611 infrenation1623 indocility1648 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > profligacy, dissoluteness, or debauchery > [noun] ribaldyc1300 riotc1330 ribaldry1389 riotingc1390 riotry?a1400 wildnessc1400 arrioutc1410 ramageness1440 ribaldise?c1450 unthriftinessc1450 ramagec1485 riotousness?1535 royet1542 dissoluteness1549 ruffianing1549 riotness1553 wildernessa1616 debauchery1642 profligateness1668 profligacy1693 rakishness1737 rakism1777 profligation1805 rouéism1828 c1400 Rom. Rose 4894 The tyme of yougth forto pace Withoute ony deth or distresse, It is so full of wyldenesse. c1400 Rom. Rose 4939 Folkes forto lede Into disporte and wyldenesse. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 528 Wyldnesse, or wantonhede, insolencia, dissolucio. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxciii. fff v/2 Somtyme ryot dothe good. We haue well aduaunsed forthe our payment with a lytell wyldnesse. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. xxxiii Turnyng insolencie and wildnes into grauitie and sobernes. 1605 London Prodigall iii. iii Impute his wildnesse, syr, vnto his youth. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 189 He is giuen To sports, to wildenesse, and much company. View more context for this quotation 1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 28 The Roman people..had something of wildness in them; afterwards this Humour turned into Austerity, and became a rigid Vertue. 1710 R. Ward Life H. More 51 Ye are running into strange Wildnesses and Excesses. 1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) III. ii. 23 To be sure, Mr. Lovelace was a wild gentleman: But wildness was a distemper which would cure itself. 1804 M. Edgeworth Contrast i, in Pop. Tales III. 16 She hoped his wildness was only the effect of good spirits, and that he would soon settle to some business. 1827 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 23 July Genius may co-exist with wildness, idleness, folly, even with crime. 1879 D. J. Hill Life Irving 152 Moore, full of troubles from want of means and the wildness of his son. b. Frenzy, distraction; distracted air or aspect; extreme folly or unreasonableness, irrational or fantastic character, extravagance; violence, vehemence, passionateness (of a feeling, etc.); excitedness, extreme eagerness. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun] woodnessc1000 furyc1374 ferteec1380 ragea1393 violencea1393 excess1423 zeala1425 vehemence1445 extremity1509 franticnessa1529 vehemency1534 wildnessc1540 impotency1542 violent1576 distraughture1594 distraught1610 distractiona1616 distractedness?1617 entrancement1637 distractfulnessa1640 impotencea1640 transportment1639 transportednessa1656 violent1667 whirl1707 rave1765 Sturm und Drang1857 storm and stress1879 the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > frenzy or raging wood dreameOE frenzyc1340 furor1477 rammistnessc1485 wildnessc1540 willnessc1540 frenzicness1547 frenziness1594 phrenition1642 amok1665 nympholepsy1776 nympholepsia1885 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9197 What wildnes, or worship, waknet my hert, For to hap her in hert? 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 42 I doe wish That your good beauties be the happy cause Of Hamlets wildnes . View more context for this quotation a1625 J. Fletcher Pilgrim v. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Iiiii2/2 Though he be rash, and suddain (which is all his wildenes) Take heed ye wrong him not. 1725 I. Watts Logick ii. iii. §3 A Delirium is but a short Wildness of the Imagination. 1760 S. Fielding Ophelia II. xxxvi. 79 I enquired for Lord Dorchester, with an eager Wildness. 1808 W. Scott Marmion vi. v. 323 Joy unwonted, and surprise, Gave their strange wildness to his eyes. 1883 D. C. Murray Hearts xix Alarmed by his aspect and the wildness of his words. 1884 A. R. Pennington Wiclif viii. 269 There is no fanaticism, no wildness in his statements. 5. In reference to style or aspect, with various implications: cf. sense 4 and wild adj. 14a, 14b. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > of style or workmanship rudenessc1425 wildness1762 the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] simpletyc1225 nativeness1568 naturalness1656 inaffectation1658 unaffectedness1752 unsophistication1825 unsophisticatedness1858 wildness1887 1762 Warton Observ. Spenser's F.Q. (ed. 2) I. v. 197 His [sc. Chaucer's] romantic arguments, his wildness of painting, his simplicity and antiquity of expression. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian II. ii. 59 The simplicity of their appearance, approaching to wildness, was tempered by a hospitable spirit. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 184 There was a wildness in the sky like that of anger. 1887 M. E. Braddon Like & Unlike I. ix. 204 Your wildness was your charm... You were a beautiful, ignorant creature, knowing nothing of the world. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1374
随便看	colonisation colonisationist colonisationists colonisations colonise colonised coloniser colonisers colonises colonising colonist colonists colonitis colonitises colonizable colonization colonization process colonization scheme coetaneously coetaneousness coetaneousnesses coetany coeternal coeternally coeternalness