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单词 width
释义

widthn.

Brit. /wɪdθ/, /wɪtθ/, U.S. /wɪdθ/, /wɪtθ/
Forms: 1500s–1600s wydth, 1600s– width, 1700s–1800s wedth.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wide adj., -th suffix1.
Etymology: < wide adj. + -th suffix1, with shortening of the stem vowel probably by analogy with other formations in -th suffix1. Compare breadth n. Compare earlier wideness n. and wide n.Compare Middle Dutch wijdde (Dutch wijdte , also (now regional: south) wijde ), Old Icelandic vídd , Old Swedish, Swedish vidd , Danish vidde . Compare also Germanic forms cited at wide n.
1.
a. The linear extent of something as measured across or from side to side; breadth. Also occasionally: the extent to which something opens, or of the distance apart between two things.In quot. 1627 concrete: †an opening or aperture (obsolete). Cf. wideness n. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > [noun] > distance apart
wideness1551
width1570
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > breadth or width > [noun]
bredeeOE
widenessOE
wideOE
latitude1398
broada1400
broadnessa1425
largeness?a1425
breadth1459
width1570
largitude1590
cross1630
1570 H. Billingsley in tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 57 Open your compasse to the wydth of the line AB or AE.
1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 29 Whence from the wydth of many a gaping wound, There's many a soule into the Ayre must flye.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 69 Joyners have several Plows for several widths of Grooves.
1766 Museum Rusticum 6 374 As to the width of the gates,..the men..could..easily incline the roller on one side, and..wriggle it in.
1788 F. G. Roe N. Amer. Buffalo (1951) 845 A request from the Northwest Company for a grant of land one acre in width from Lake Superior to Long Lake.
1821 H. R. Schoolcraft Narr. Jrnl. Trav. Northwestern U.S. ix. 238 The river has a width of sixty yards.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 302 A child..with very large round eyes, opened to their utmost width.
1836 W. Irving Astoria ii. 22 The river was here a rapid stream four hundred yards in width.
1871 A. Meadows Man. Midwifery (ed. 2) 186 The power of the forceps increases with the length of its blades,..the compressing power..is dependent first upon the character of the lock..and secondly upon the width or divergence of the blades.
1902 S. E. White Blazed Trail xviii. 136 Thin, flexible cedar strips of certain arbitrary lengths and widths.
1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex 127 Large broad windows filling the whole width of the wall.
1989 Computer Buyer's Guide xvi. 51/2 The typestyles..can be..reproduced in four heights and widths.
2015 J. Warren Nature of Crops viii. 134 A tree some 25 metres tall, with large dissected leaves of almost a metre long by half a metre in width.
b. A distance equal or comparable to the width (sense 1a) of something specified.
ΚΠ
1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks i. ii. 17 Being the Vessels of an Herb, they are far less; sc. about the compass or width of a spangle.
1775 tr. Valuable Secrets Arts & Trades 11 Clean away part of that unction, in the middle of it, about the width of half-a-crown.
1793 R. H. Gower Treat. Theory & Pract. Seamanship 75 Mats, made the width of the round of the cable, and about three fathoms long, are very convenient to have at hand.
1806 W. Clark Jrnl. 30 Mar. in Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1991) VII. 35 They ware a kind of leather breech clout..the width of a Common pocket Handkerchief or Something Smaller and longer.
1892 Amer. Naturalist 26 260 The side of the body with a plumbous lateral stripe, of about the width of the eye.
1937 F. Densmore in J. F. Dobie & M. C. Boatright Straight Texas 278 Thompson said the proper length of a flute was three ‘hand-widths’, such a width being that of the hand with the thumb extended.
1996 Here's Health Oct. 24/2 Sea of tranquillity: centre of breastbone, three thumb widths up from the base of the bone.
2014 Observer 13 July (New Review section) 21/2 Scientists from Oxford University have created ‘nanopixels’ so tiny they have been used to draw images smaller than the width of a human hair.
2. Largeness of scope or reach; the quality of encompassing, including, or affecting a great number of people or things; comprehensiveness. Cf. breadth n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > breadth or width > [noun] > great extent across
widenessa1398
widtha1626
a1626 A. Lake Serm. (1629) iv. 93 Christ doth giue his gifts, not according to the narrownesse of our desires, but the width of his owne power.
1772 tr. C. F. Badini Il Carnovale di Venezia i. ii. 7 'Tis an insult not to be put up with, considering the width of my capacity.
1832 L. Hunt Sir Ralph Esher III. i. 38 The general width of his manner, if I may so call it.
1841 L. Hunt Seer 54/1 Milton..was never weak in his creed..; he forced it into width enough to embrace all place and time.
1874 Friends' Rev. Aug. 794/2 The width of outlook was the more creditable to him, inasmuch as he never enjoyed the advantages of a university education.
1914 J. Patrick Clement of Alexandria i. 28 It is certain that he knew the Septuagint and the New Testament with astonishing width and accuracy.
1976 Contemp. Rev. Dec. 329 His width of knowledge was colossal.
2000 A. Hastings in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Compan. Christian Thought 404/2 He wrote little that was lengthily systematic, his strength lying in the width of his interests.
3. The quality of measuring a great distance from side to side; large or more than average extent from side to side. Also: the quality of having great spatial extent, esp. horizontally; vastness, spaciousness.
ΚΠ
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 83 Let thy Vines in Intervals be set,..Indulge their Width, and add a roomy Space, That their extreamest Lines may scarce embrace. View more context for this quotation
1777 R. E. Raspe tr. F. F. Ferber Mineral. Hist. Bohemia in tr. I. Born Trav. Bannat of Temeswar 267 A cavern of a remarkable width has been discovered.
1798 H. Skrine Two Tours Wales i. iii. 50 A mason..had failed on his two first attempts from the width and rapidity of the river.
1822 Edinb. Gazetteer IV. 651 St. Gile's street..is for some distance of an unusual width, and very pleasing character.
1868 Independent (N.Y.) 7 May 1/2 The very width and vastness of the streets and squares take from their picturesque effect.
1921 Scotsman 11 Oct. 4/6 Ice Fjord had been beautiful, but its width and extent were such that the hills on either side were usually seen at a distance.
1976 A. Nickolds & S. Hey ‘Foul’ Bk. Football i. 15/2 With two orthodox wingers now giving the attack width, there is plenty of room for Daly and Macari..to move into striking positions.
2012 T. Clayton How to Read Florida Gulf Coast Beach iii. 59 This type of island doesn't typically overwash or breach, thanks to the islands' impressive width and high, well-vegetated dune ridges with few gaps.
4. An extent or area as measured from side to side, or having great spatial extent; a wide or open space or region; a vast expanse. Cf. wideness n. 2b, breadth n. 4a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > [noun] > spreading out > an expanse of something
spacea1382
widenessa1382
continuance1398
field1547
sheet1593
universe1598
main1609
reach1610
expansion1611
extent1627
champaign1656
fetch1662
mass1662
expanse1667
spread1712
run1719
width1733
acre1759
sweep1767
contiguity1785
extension1786
stretch1829
breadths1839
outspread1847
outstretch1858
1733 F. Price Treat. Carpentry 13 Take any Width..to be covered with Lead; divide..into four,..and with two of these Parts, describe the Quarter-Circle, as by the prick'd Line appears.
1819 Shadgett's Weekly Rev. 17 July 218/1 The vast width of the Atlantic Ocean, which now interposes between them and the white cliffs of Albion.
1843 Amer. Eclectic Apr. 533/1 Between that territory, and the existing States of the Union, intervenes the vast width of the ancient Louisiana.
1876 A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Animals I. ii. 16 Small and weak birds are..often carried accidentally across great widths of ocean.
1901 M. Franklin My Brilliant Career 185 Weeks and weeks spent beneath the sun and stars while crossing widths of saltbush country, mulga and myall scrubs.
1920 F. W. Boreham Bunch of Everlastings 48 Across vast widths of snow and ice they converged their multitudinous rills.
2012 S. Raven Nature Spirits Remembrance ii. 19 The vast widths of space.
5. A piece of material or fabric which is woven or manufactured in strips, sheets, etc., having a certain or distinct measurement from side to side. Cf. breadth n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > piece of > of specific size > of full breadth
brede1480
breadth1534
width1766
1766 tr. C. Bonnet Contempl. Nature II. xii. x. 141 If therefore a moth, whose cloathing is blue, passes over a red piece of cloth, the widths will be red; she will make herself a harlequin's habit.
1795 T. Ellicott in O. Evans Young Mill-wright & Miller's Guide v. 55 The cloth is sewed two widths of it together.
1854 Peterson's Mag. Nov. 320/1 The dress has two skirts: each of these skirts has nine widths of silk of three alternating colors, pink, green, and white.
1860 R. S. Burn Gloss. Techn. Terms Building 7 Narrow widths of boarding placed round the front hearths to fireplaces.
1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 242 She mounted the steps, and I watched her go on her knees right up to the altar..I am sure she would need a new width in the front of her dress.
1957 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 2) 133/2 Cloth, a term used for any large unframed expanse of canvas or material used for scenery. A modern cloth is generally made of widths of canvas.
1988 B. Hurtig Multi-track Recording for Musicians ii. 7/3 More than one track could be recorded onto a single width of tape.
1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) ii. 119/1 Carpet widths of 2.74m (9ft) and over are called broadlooms; narrower widths are called body or strip carpets.
2009 J. von Tobel Design Directory of Bedding 39/2 Several widths of fabric are sewn together to make a panel of drapery.
6. The extent of a swimming pool between its sides, as a measurement of distance swum. Cf. length n. 4d.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > width of a swimming-pool as unit
width1892
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > width of
width1892
1892 Bristol Mercury 27 Sept. 3/5 An Egg and Spoon Competition, the competitors having to swim two widths of the bath carrying an egg in a spoon held by the left hand.
1930 Swimming Instruction (Amateur Swimming Assoc.) 55 From this stage the class should proceed to swim..several widths, legs only, using supports or ‘Dog Paddle’.
1971 Daily Tel. 17 Nov. 3/6 Mrs Annie Oakley, 86,..has been presented with a certificate for swimming two widths at Soundwell Swimming Club.
1981 H. Engel Ransom Game (1982) xxx. 198 She went off the board again... She did two lengths to each of my widths.
2014 Bournemouth Echo (Nexis) 14 Feb. Children can swim widths at the shallow end of the pool if they wish.
7. The extent of a continuous range of values, quantities, etc., between two limits, as in a frequency band, spectrum of wavelengths, etc.See also band width n. at band n.2 14, pulse width n. at pulse n.2 Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1922 Proc. IRE 10 57 It is necessary to provide for the efficient transmission and reception not only of the carrier frequency itself but also for a band of frequencies of width depending on the frequency and character of the signal itself.
1967 W. R. Hindmarsh Atomic Spectra viii. 86 The natural width of atomic energy levels, which arises from their finite lifetime and the consequent uncertainty in the energy-value.
1991 Compute Sept. 76/2 A modification of the PC bus to double the width of the data path.
2007 Sci. News 6 Jan. 10/1 The width of the X-ray spectrum indicates that the galaxy's central black hole is whirling around at 90 percent of its maximum possible rate of rotation.

Derivatives

ˈwidthless adj. having no width, or no great width; narrow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > breadth or width > lack of breadth or narrowness > [adjective]
nareeOE
narrowOE
smallOE
straitc1400
near1493
unthick1587
pinching1607
widthless1813
shoestring1878
1813 J. Fearn Rev. First Princ. Bp. Berkeley 17 The narrow Hair is perceived only by aid of two widthless lines.
1852 Meanderings of Memory I. 98 The widthless road.
1908 G. Dalliba Earth Poem 194 Thy hair is parted on thy widthless brow.
2009 Phronesis 54 240 The sensible world does not contain the sizeless points, breadthless lines, and widthless planes considered in geometry.
ˈwidthways adv. in the direction of the width of something; from side to side.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > specific directions > [adverb] > in direction of width or breadth
breadthways1635
breadthwise1708
widthwise1785
widthways1794
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 316 When applied to uses which require plaiting widthways.
1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 63 If they are to be curved lengthways or widthways.
1938 Times 22 Aug. 15/4 Have a large sole, weighing about 2lb... Cut right through widthways into five pieces.
2015 Fife Today (Nexis) 1 Oct. Cut the carrot in half widthways.
ˈwidthwise adv. (a) adv. = widthways adv.; (b) adj. designating a transverse direction, measurement, movement, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > specific directions > [adverb] > in direction of width or breadth
breadthways1635
breadthwise1708
widthwise1785
widthways1794
1785 tr. A.-H. Anquetil-Duperron Zend-Avesta in R. Gough Compar. View Antient Monuments India 72 Two rows of pillars dividing the temple widthwise.
1882 W. Blades Life & Typogr. W. Caxton 105 The mould..was capable of a sliding adjustment, widthwise to the width of the various letters.
1894 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 13 Mar. 1641/1 One or more teeth to intermittently engage said gear wheel and turn said spool and move the ribbon longitudinally at or about the end of the widthwise movement of the ribbon.
1900 O. Onions Compl. Bachelor xv [She] looked me up, down, widthwise, and through, and found no speech.
1964 U.S. Forest Service Res. Note No. 72 (U.S. Department Agriculture) Sept. 2 Extruded boards have properties in the widthwise direction (across the extruder) somewhat similar to those of flat-pressed boards.
2014 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 16 Oct. c1 Cordwood masonry..combines logs laid widthwise, instead of bricks, with mortar to build a wall.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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