whorln.

Brit.

/wəːl/,

/wɔːl/, U.S.

/(h)wɔrl/,

/(h)wərl/

Forms: α. Middle English wharwyl, Middle English–1800s wharle, 1700s–1800s wharl. β. Middle English whorwhil, ( whorlwyl), qworle, Middle English–1800s whorle, 1500s whorlle, whorelle, Scottish quhorle, 1700s– whorl.

Etymology: late Middle English wharwyl , whorwhil , apparently variants of whirl n. (early forms disyllabic, e.g. wherwille , qwherel ) influenced by wharve n.; but with the β-forms compare early modern Dutch worvel, variant of wervel (Kilian).

1. A small fly-wheel fixed on the spindle of a spinning-wheel to maintain or regulate the speed; a small pulley by which the spindle is driven in a spinning-machine. Also locally applied to small wheels or pulleys for other purposes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > spinning > machine > parts of > spindle > whorl of

whirl1411

whorlc1440

wherne1552

warblea1561

spindle-whirl1648

whare1688

spindle-twirl1855

spindle-whorl1874

α.

c1460 Promptorium Parvulorum 526/2 (Winch.) Wharwyl of a spyndyl, vertebrum.

1483 Cath. Angl. 417/1 A Wharle, giraculum, neopellum, vertibulum.

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 628/2 Take out thy spindle & bryng me hither the wharle.

1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 170 One crwet defaced whearof was made wharles for spindels.

1589 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 55 Spindles and wharles ij^d.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Wharle.

1884 W. S. B. McLaren Spinning Woollen & Worsted (ed. 2) 239 [They] drive this spindle by the friction of a very heavy collar on it against a large leather washer, which rests on the wharl.

β. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 526/1 Whorlwyl, of a spyndyl (K. whorwhil, P. whorle), vertebrum.1483 Cath. Angl. 298 A Qworle of A roke.1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes O 4 b The Stanke-royall (running on a whorle, his sluce being taken vp) is receiued by a Bastard-sluce.1773 W. Emerson Princ. Mech. (ed. 3) 189 Let EG be a spinning wheel,..whilst the rim makes 1 revolution, the twill makes 9, and the whorle and feathers 6.1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Whorle, a very small wheel, as that in a child's cart.1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times v. 133 Spindle whorls of rude earthenware were abundant in some of the Lake-villages even of the Stone age.1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 73 Whorls, pithead pulleys.

2. Botany. A set of members, as leaves, flowers, or parts of the flower, springing from the stem or axis at the same level and encircling it; a verticil. Also in Zoology a set of parts or structures, as scales or tentacles, similarly arranged.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [noun] > whorl or whirl

whorl1688

whirl1714

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. G vj The stalke is foure square,..where about doth grow in equal order,..certayne knoppes, lyke whorlles.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxv. 232 The floures [of Pennyroyal] growe..about the stemmes like whorles or garlandes.]

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 98/2 Rosemary, hath Wharles or small slender leaves set at distances about the stalk.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 106/1 Flowers set together in a Whorle or Coronett.

1714 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 43 Its Spikes of Flowers are thick set in striated hairy whorls.

1837 Penny Cycl. VII. 215/1 An orange..consists of one whorl of carpels, which are consolidated into a round fruit.

1860 G. A. Sala Lady Chesterfield's Lett. iv. 64 A flattened head,..a forked tongue, a body of scaly whorls.

1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. iv. 358 A flower is said to be complete, when the four whorls,—calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil are present.

1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 75 The stem terminates in a single polypite, the mouth of which is surrounded by a single whorl of slender processes or ‘tentacles’.

a. Conchology and Anatomy. Each of the turns, coils, or convolutions of a spiral shell, or of any spiral structure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > spiral or part of spiral structure

whirl1681

whorl1828

1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 52 Shell conoid, with the whorls rounded or convex.

1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxiii. i, in Maud & Other Poems 76 See what a lovely shell, Small and pure as a pearl,..With delicate spire and whorl.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Whorl of heart, vortex of heart.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Vortex of heart, the close spiral arrangement of fibres which occurs at the apex.]

b. A configuration in finger-prints.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > marking > a mark > trace or vestige > [noun] > fingerprint > configurations in

loop1880

whorl1880

island1891

islet1921

1880 H. Faulds in Nature 28 Oct. 605/1 The right ring-finger..has an oval whorl, but the corresponding left finger shows an open loop.

1954 F. Cherrill Cherrill of Yard vi. 62 I noticed particularly the patterns on the ends of the fingers, for they were of the whorl type.

1977 Sci. Amer. Dec. 141/1 The resulting patterns are known to the dermatologist respectively as loops, triradii and whorls.

4. gen. A convolution, coil, curl, ‘wreath’ (esp. of something whirling, or suggesting a whirling movement).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun]

rundlec1300

waif1513

enwrapping1543

convolution1545

entrail?a1549

wreath1555

roundness1572

spire1572

rolling1576

enfold1578

infold1578

obvolution1578

gyre1590

whorl1592

enfoldment1593

twine1600

turn1625

volume1646

volution1752

swirl1786

coil1805

swirling1825

convolute1846

whirl1862

enfolding1873

snaking1888

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 51 The head of a Storke, with her beake against the open mouth of a Monster,..and certaine Whorelles or Beades rysing vp betwixt his mouth and her beake.

1851 J. P. Nichol Archit. Heavens (ed. 9) 99 Intervals between successive whorls of the starry stream.

1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xii. 210 Vast clouds of steam..roll in heavy whorls before the wind.

Compounds

C1. whorl-flowered, whorl-leaved, whorl-shaped adjs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > in verticil or whorl (of arrangement)

verticillate1793

whorl-flowered1822

the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > in verticil or whorl (of arrangement) > arranged in verticil or whorl

verticillatedc1789

verticillate1793

whorl-flowered1822

1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 204 M[alva] Verticillata, Whorl-flowered Mallow.

1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 423 C[oreopsis] Verticillata, Whorl-leaved Coreopsis.

1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Introd. Atomic Theory (ed. 2) xii. 423 The parts of the pistils are disposed in a whorl-shaped manner around an..axis.

C2.

whorl-flower n. a plant of the genus Morina (N.O. Dipsacaceæ), having the flowers in dense whorls.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > of Asia

Prophet flower1861

ixia-lily1866

Maltese cross1868

toad-lily1884

whorl-flower1884

Perovskia1907

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 220 Morina longifolia, Long-leaved Whorl-flower.—persica, Persian Whorl-flower.

whorl-grass n. a grass of the genus Catabrosa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > other grasses

feather-top grass1597

hooded matweed1597

millet grass1597

spring grass1643

moor grass1749

melic1762

finger grass1767

feather-grass1776

aegilops1777

oat-grass1802

prairie grass1812

oat-grass1814

tansy mustard1856

purple moor grass1859

whorl-grass1861

Molinia1866

onion grass1868

káns1874

Turk's-head grass1882

Pangola finger-grass1947

tor grass1954

bush-grass-

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. (1900) IV. 69 Whorl-grass (Catabrosa). Water Whorl Grass (C. aquatica). Panicle with half whorls of spreading branches.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

whorlv.

Brit.

/wəːl/,

/wɔːl/, U.S.

/(h)wɔrl/,

/(h)wərl/

Etymology: < whorl n.

1. intransitive. To form or imitate a whorl; to spiral or move in a twisting, convoluted fashion, whirl, swirl. Also figurative. Frequently poetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] > move in spirals

pirl1538

spire1607

curl1791

whorl1805

coil1816

spiral1835

spiralize1851

corkscrew1853

1805 W. Clark in Orig. Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1905) III. 154 I deturmined [sic] to pass through this place notwithstanding the horrid appearance of this agitated gut swelling, boiling and whorling in every direction.

1962 E. Birney Sel. Poems (1966) ii. 54 He knew what songs to ask for And out they came now whorling.

1978 Amer. Speech 53 47 Dakin is puzzled by the fact that his isoglosses for five Southern or South Midland lexical items..do not bundle, but rather crisscross, loop, and whorl.

1979 W. Zander Distances v. 64 Leaves poke out of the soil, or whorl Like green and newly discovered shells.

1988 Los Angeles Times 26 June vi. 5/1 The river whorls through Manchuria.

2. transitive.

a. To draw up by means of a ‘whorl’ or pulley. local.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > lifting or hoisting equipment

to wind upc1275

windc1440

sling1522

crane1570

hoise1573

pulley1581

tackle1711

lewis1837

teagle1841

to jack up1853

windlass1870

whorl1886

luff1913

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise by mechanical instrument > with a winch, crank, etc.

to wind upc1275

winch1529

upwind1600

parbuckle1768

crank1883

whorl1886

to turn up1911

1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 73 The cage is said to be whorled when it is drawn up to or over the pulleys.

b. To arrange in whorls or convolutions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [verb (transitive)]

writheOE

foldc1330

wrall1398

wreathec1425

enrol1530

twind1548

involve1555

wring1585

invilup1592

rolla1616

entortill1641

convolve1650

coila1691

circumflex1851

serpentine1883

convolute1887

swirl1902

whorl1904

1904 Daily Chron. 6 Aug. 4/5 The stars, braided and whorled in patterns too intricate for our eyes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1993; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	whorl
释义	whorln. Brit. /wəːl/, /wɔːl/, U.S. /(h)wɔrl/, /(h)wərl/ Forms: α. Middle English wharwyl, Middle English–1800s wharle, 1700s–1800s wharl. β. Middle English whorwhil, ( whorlwyl), qworle, Middle English–1800s whorle, 1500s whorlle, whorelle, Scottish quhorle, 1700s– whorl. Etymology: late Middle English wharwyl , whorwhil , apparently variants of whirl n. (early forms disyllabic, e.g. wherwille , qwherel ) influenced by wharve n.; but with the β-forms compare early modern Dutch worvel, variant of wervel (Kilian). 1. A small fly-wheel fixed on the spindle of a spinning-wheel to maintain or regulate the speed; a small pulley by which the spindle is driven in a spinning-machine. Also locally applied to small wheels or pulleys for other purposes. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > spinning > machine > parts of > spindle > whorl of whirl1411 whorlc1440 wherne1552 warblea1561 spindle-whirl1648 whare1688 spindle-twirl1855 spindle-whorl1874 α. c1460 Promptorium Parvulorum 526/2 (Winch.) Wharwyl of a spyndyl, vertebrum. 1483 Cath. Angl. 417/1 A Wharle, giraculum, neopellum, vertibulum. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 628/2 Take out thy spindle & bryng me hither the wharle. 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 170 One crwet defaced whearof was made wharles for spindels. 1589 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 55 Spindles and wharles ij^d. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Wharle. 1884 W. S. B. McLaren Spinning Woollen & Worsted (ed. 2) 239 [They] drive this spindle by the friction of a very heavy collar on it against a large leather washer, which rests on the wharl. β. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 526/1 Whorlwyl, of a spyndyl (K. whorwhil, P. whorle), vertebrum.1483 Cath. Angl. 298 A Qworle of A roke.1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes O 4 b The Stanke-royall (running on a whorle, his sluce being taken vp) is receiued by a Bastard-sluce.1773 W. Emerson Princ. Mech. (ed. 3) 189 Let EG be a spinning wheel,..whilst the rim makes 1 revolution, the twill makes 9, and the whorle and feathers 6.1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Whorle, a very small wheel, as that in a child's cart.1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times v. 133 Spindle whorls of rude earthenware were abundant in some of the Lake-villages even of the Stone age.1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 73 Whorls, pithead pulleys. 2. Botany. A set of members, as leaves, flowers, or parts of the flower, springing from the stem or axis at the same level and encircling it; a verticil. Also in Zoology a set of parts or structures, as scales or tentacles, similarly arranged. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [noun] > whorl or whirl whorl1688 whirl1714 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. G vj The stalke is foure square,..where about doth grow in equal order,..certayne knoppes, lyke whorlles. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxv. 232 The floures [of Pennyroyal] growe..about the stemmes like whorles or garlandes.] 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 98/2 Rosemary, hath Wharles or small slender leaves set at distances about the stalk. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 106/1 Flowers set together in a Whorle or Coronett. 1714 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 43 Its Spikes of Flowers are thick set in striated hairy whorls. 1837 Penny Cycl. VII. 215/1 An orange..consists of one whorl of carpels, which are consolidated into a round fruit. 1860 G. A. Sala Lady Chesterfield's Lett. iv. 64 A flattened head,..a forked tongue, a body of scaly whorls. 1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. iv. 358 A flower is said to be complete, when the four whorls,—calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil are present. 1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 75 The stem terminates in a single polypite, the mouth of which is surrounded by a single whorl of slender processes or ‘tentacles’. 3. a. Conchology and Anatomy. Each of the turns, coils, or convolutions of a spiral shell, or of any spiral structure. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > spiral or part of spiral structure whirl1681 whorl1828 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 52 Shell conoid, with the whorls rounded or convex. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxiii. i, in Maud & Other Poems 76 See what a lovely shell, Small and pure as a pearl,..With delicate spire and whorl. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Whorl of heart, vortex of heart. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Vortex of heart, the close spiral arrangement of fibres which occurs at the apex.] b. A configuration in finger-prints. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > marking > a mark > trace or vestige > [noun] > fingerprint > configurations in loop1880 whorl1880 island1891 islet1921 1880 H. Faulds in Nature 28 Oct. 605/1 The right ring-finger..has an oval whorl, but the corresponding left finger shows an open loop. 1954 F. Cherrill Cherrill of Yard vi. 62 I noticed particularly the patterns on the ends of the fingers, for they were of the whorl type. 1977 Sci. Amer. Dec. 141/1 The resulting patterns are known to the dermatologist respectively as loops, triradii and whorls. 4. gen. A convolution, coil, curl, ‘wreath’ (esp. of something whirling, or suggesting a whirling movement). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] rundlec1300 waif1513 enwrapping1543 convolution1545 entrail?a1549 wreath1555 roundness1572 spire1572 rolling1576 enfold1578 infold1578 obvolution1578 gyre1590 whorl1592 enfoldment1593 twine1600 turn1625 volume1646 volution1752 swirl1786 coil1805 swirling1825 convolute1846 whirl1862 enfolding1873 snaking1888 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 51 The head of a Storke, with her beake against the open mouth of a Monster,..and certaine Whorelles or Beades rysing vp betwixt his mouth and her beake. 1851 J. P. Nichol Archit. Heavens (ed. 9) 99 Intervals between successive whorls of the starry stream. 1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xii. 210 Vast clouds of steam..roll in heavy whorls before the wind. Compounds C1. whorl-flowered, whorl-leaved, whorl-shaped adjs. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > in verticil or whorl (of arrangement) verticillate1793 whorl-flowered1822 the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > in verticil or whorl (of arrangement) > arranged in verticil or whorl verticillatedc1789 verticillate1793 whorl-flowered1822 1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 204 M[alva] Verticillata, Whorl-flowered Mallow. 1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 423 C[oreopsis] Verticillata, Whorl-leaved Coreopsis. 1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Introd. Atomic Theory (ed. 2) xii. 423 The parts of the pistils are disposed in a whorl-shaped manner around an..axis. C2. whorl-flower n. a plant of the genus Morina (N.O. Dipsacaceæ), having the flowers in dense whorls. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > of Asia Prophet flower1861 ixia-lily1866 Maltese cross1868 toad-lily1884 whorl-flower1884 Perovskia1907 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 220 Morina longifolia, Long-leaved Whorl-flower.—persica, Persian Whorl-flower. whorl-grass n. a grass of the genus Catabrosa. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > other grasses feather-top grass1597 hooded matweed1597 millet grass1597 spring grass1643 moor grass1749 melic1762 finger grass1767 feather-grass1776 aegilops1777 oat-grass1802 prairie grass1812 oat-grass1814 tansy mustard1856 purple moor grass1859 whorl-grass1861 Molinia1866 onion grass1868 káns1874 Turk's-head grass1882 Pangola finger-grass1947 tor grass1954 bush-grass- 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. (1900) IV. 69 Whorl-grass (Catabrosa). Water Whorl Grass (C. aquatica). Panicle with half whorls of spreading branches. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online December 2021). whorlv. Brit. /wəːl/, /wɔːl/, U.S. /(h)wɔrl/, /(h)wərl/ Etymology: < whorl n. 1. intransitive. To form or imitate a whorl; to spiral or move in a twisting, convoluted fashion, whirl, swirl. Also figurative. Frequently poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] > move in spirals pirl1538 spire1607 curl1791 whorl1805 coil1816 spiral1835 spiralize1851 corkscrew1853 1805 W. Clark in Orig. Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1905) III. 154 I deturmined [sic] to pass through this place notwithstanding the horrid appearance of this agitated gut swelling, boiling and whorling in every direction. 1962 E. Birney Sel. Poems (1966) ii. 54 He knew what songs to ask for And out they came now whorling. 1978 Amer. Speech 53 47 Dakin is puzzled by the fact that his isoglosses for five Southern or South Midland lexical items..do not bundle, but rather crisscross, loop, and whorl. 1979 W. Zander Distances v. 64 Leaves poke out of the soil, or whorl Like green and newly discovered shells. 1988 Los Angeles Times 26 June vi. 5/1 The river whorls through Manchuria. 2. transitive. a. To draw up by means of a ‘whorl’ or pulley. local. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > lifting or hoisting equipment to wind upc1275 windc1440 sling1522 crane1570 hoise1573 pulley1581 tackle1711 lewis1837 teagle1841 to jack up1853 windlass1870 whorl1886 luff1913 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise by mechanical instrument > with a winch, crank, etc. to wind upc1275 winch1529 upwind1600 parbuckle1768 crank1883 whorl1886 to turn up1911 1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 73 The cage is said to be whorled when it is drawn up to or over the pulleys. b. To arrange in whorls or convolutions. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [verb (transitive)] writheOE foldc1330 wrall1398 wreathec1425 enrol1530 twind1548 involve1555 wring1585 invilup1592 rolla1616 entortill1641 convolve1650 coila1691 circumflex1851 serpentine1883 convolute1887 swirl1902 whorl1904 1904 Daily Chron. 6 Aug. 4/5 The stars, braided and whorled in patterns too intricate for our eyes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1993; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1440v.1805
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