† willesfuladj.

Forms: Middle English willesfol, Middle English willesfolle, Middle English willesful, Middle English wilsful, Middle English wyllesful, Middle English wyllesuol (south-eastern), Middle English wylsful.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: will n.¹, -ful suffix.

Etymology: Apparently < the genitive of will n.¹ (compare discussion at that entry) + -ful suffix. Compare earlier wilful adj.¹, and also willes adj. and wilnesful adj.With the formation compare the α. forms at redeful adj. and the β. forms at angerful adj.

Obsolete.

1. Strong-willed; obstinate; = wilful adj.¹ 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > wilful

onwileOE

wilfulc1200

willesfulc1225

headstronga1398

wilsomea1400

headya1425

overthrowing?a1425

self-willya1425

self-willedc1450

sensual1524

wayward1528

headish1530

affectionate1534

self-will1562

strongheaded1579

hard-mouthed1610

brag-brained1648

self-wilful1648

overwilled1650

will-strong1654

cobby1785

willyart1791

brain-strong1863

c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 24 Þe willesfule husewif halt hire al stille.

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1291 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 143 Þe Erchebischop is willesful [c1300 Harl. wilful] and ȝwane he is alles i-brouȝt In ani wille þat is luytel wuyrth he nele bi-leue it nouȝt.

c1350 Ayenbite (1866) App. 263 Huych mayne to moche slac and wylles uol ssel by: bote yef þe ilke uaderes stefhede hise strayny and ordayny.

a1425 Milicia Christi in Jrnl. Warburg & Courtauld Inst. (1982) 45 App. iv. 48 (MED) Ȝif an hors bridel..be to lyȝt, þe hors wol be to wyllesful.

2. Desirous, keen (to do something); = wilful adj.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [adjective] > desirous

willesfula1250

desirousc1300

wilful1340

desiringc1386

desireda1400

talentivec1400

willinga1425

lusty1493

desiranta1500

desireful?1520

fond1551

lusting1559

desirable1759

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 6 Nu mi leoue suster if ani is ful willes ful [?c1225 Cleo. swa anwil] to seon ow, ne wene ȝe þer neauer god ah leues him þe lasse.

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 125 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 435 Þis Maidenes þat beotþ willesfole folie forto do.

Derivatives

willesfully adv. wilfully; eagerly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adverb] > eagerly

cofeOE

coflyc1000

greedilyc1200

heterlya1225

eagerlyc1380

titea1400

yaplya1400

prestc1400

willesfullyc1400

frecklyc1440

agogc1450

angardlyc1540

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adverb] > wilfully

yernec888

wilfulc1381

for wilnesfulc1400

willesfullyc1400

selfwilledly1530

wilfullya1586

wilsomelya1835

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 268 Þay..controeved agayn kynde contrare werkez, And used hem..wylsfully, upon a wrange wyse.

a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) l. 6257 (MED) He synnet..when God bad hym..to ete none appul of that tre, Aȝaynes his biddyng willesfully he fraistet of hyt.

c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) l. 590 Þat worthlych too þis wight wilsfully saide, ‘Fro what kith bee yee comme?’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	willesful
释义	† willesfuladj. Forms: Middle English willesfol, Middle English willesfolle, Middle English willesful, Middle English wilsful, Middle English wyllesful, Middle English wyllesuol (south-eastern), Middle English wylsful. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: will n.¹, -ful suffix. Etymology: Apparently < the genitive of will n.¹ (compare discussion at that entry) + -ful suffix. Compare earlier wilful adj.¹, and also willes adj. and wilnesful adj.With the formation compare the α. forms at redeful adj. and the β. forms at angerful adj. Obsolete. 1. Strong-willed; obstinate; = wilful adj.¹ 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > wilful onwileOE wilfulc1200 willesfulc1225 headstronga1398 wilsomea1400 headya1425 overthrowing?a1425 self-willya1425 self-willedc1450 sensual1524 wayward1528 headish1530 affectionate1534 self-will1562 strongheaded1579 hard-mouthed1610 brag-brained1648 self-wilful1648 overwilled1650 will-strong1654 cobby1785 willyart1791 brain-strong1863 c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 24 Þe willesfule husewif halt hire al stille. c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1291 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 143 Þe Erchebischop is willesful [c1300 Harl. wilful] and ȝwane he is alles i-brouȝt In ani wille þat is luytel wuyrth he nele bi-leue it nouȝt. c1350 Ayenbite (1866) App. 263 Huych mayne to moche slac and wylles uol ssel by: bote yef þe ilke uaderes stefhede hise strayny and ordayny. a1425 Milicia Christi in Jrnl. Warburg & Courtauld Inst. (1982) 45 App. iv. 48 (MED) Ȝif an hors bridel..be to lyȝt, þe hors wol be to wyllesful. 2. Desirous, keen (to do something); = wilful adj.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [adjective] > desirous willesfula1250 desirousc1300 wilful1340 desiringc1386 desireda1400 talentivec1400 willinga1425 lusty1493 desiranta1500 desireful?1520 fond1551 lusting1559 desirable1759 a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 6 Nu mi leoue suster if ani is ful willes ful [?c1225 Cleo. swa anwil] to seon ow, ne wene ȝe þer neauer god ah leues him þe lasse. c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 125 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 435 Þis Maidenes þat beotþ willesfole folie forto do. Derivatives willesfully adv. wilfully; eagerly. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adverb] > eagerly cofeOE coflyc1000 greedilyc1200 heterlya1225 eagerlyc1380 titea1400 yaplya1400 prestc1400 willesfullyc1400 frecklyc1440 agogc1450 angardlyc1540 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adverb] > wilfully yernec888 wilfulc1381 for wilnesfulc1400 willesfullyc1400 selfwilledly1530 wilfullya1586 wilsomelya1835 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 268 Þay..controeved agayn kynde contrare werkez, And used hem..wylsfully, upon a wrange wyse. a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) l. 6257 (MED) He synnet..when God bad hym..to ete none appul of that tre, Aȝaynes his biddyng willesfully he fraistet of hyt. c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) l. 590 Þat worthlych too þis wight wilsfully saide, ‘Fro what kith bee yee comme?’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1225
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