wither-prefix

Stress is often attracted to this prefix.

representing. Old English wiþer-, Old Frisian wither-, Old Saxon withar-, Old High German widar- (Middle High German, German wider-), = the adverb wiþer (see wither adj.) used with nouns, adjectives, and verbs (cf. with- prefix), chiefly in the sense (1) against, in opposition or hostility, as in Old English wiþercrist antichrist, wiþercwide contradiction, resistance, wiþersaca withersake n., wiþerwinna witherwin n.; less commonly in the senses (2) in return or compensation, counter-, as in Old English wiþerléan recompense, wiþertihtle countercharge; and (3) in the opposite direction, back.

†1. In sense (1), used (esp. by Layamon) in compounds denoting hostile acts or contests, as wiþerblench, wiþerded [deed n.] , wiþergome [game n.] , wiþerhap, wiþerueht [fight n.] , wiþerstrencþ resistance; also in the derived sense ‘adverse, evil’, as wiþercraft, wiþerlaȝe [law n.¹] , and (in personal designations) wiþerlaȝe [compare Old Frisian witherlaga, opponent] persecutor, wiþerþeod [thede n.] enemy people; occasionally with verbs, as wiþerhalde [hold v.] to hold out against, oppose.(Often indistinguishable from wither adj.) Obsolete.

ΘΠ

society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > [noun] > hostile, foreign, or predatory

wiþerþeodc1175

foe1565

enemya1616

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > opposition or resistance

witherOE

wiþerstrencþc1175

withstanding1303

resistancea1325

gainstandinga1340

withsetting1340

resistencec1390

again-standingc1400

resisting1436

repugnance?a1439

gainstandc1470

disstandingc1485

against-standinga1500

repugnancya1500

resist1535

objection1543

reluctation1593

resistment1605

rebeck1609

reluctance1609

reluctancy1613

obluctation1615

redaction1621

resistencya1623

obstrigillation1623

resistal1631

resistancy1656

recalcitration1658

stemc1700

calcitration1867

push-back1984

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist

withstandc888

withsake971

forstanda1000

to stand again ——OE

withsetc1000

again-standOE

to stand againOE

warnc1175

wiþerhaldec1175

atstandc1220

astand1250

withsitc1300

sitc1325

asitc1330

(it) may well withc1395

reversea1400

resist1417

ofstandc1425

onstandc1425

gainstand?c1450

endure1470

obsista1475

repugna1513

recountera1525

occur1531

desist1548

impugn1577

obstrigillate1623

counter-stand1648

stem1675

repique1687

to make face to1807

to fight off1833

to stick up1838

bay1848

withstay1854

buck1857

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun]

listOE

wiþercraftc1175

wilta1230

craftc1275

sleightc1275

engine?a1300

quaintisec1300

vaidiec1325

wilec1374

cautelc1375

sophistryc1385

quaintnessc1390

voisdie1390

havilon?a1400

foxeryc1400

subtletyc1400

undercraftc1400

practic?a1439

callidityc1450

policec1450

wilinessc1450

craftiness1484

gin1543

cautility1554

cunning1582

cautelousness1584

panurgy1586

policy1587

foxshipa1616

cunningnessa1625

subdolousness1635

dexterity1656

insidiousnessa1677

versuteness1685

pawkiness1687

sleight-hand1792

pawkery1820

vulpinism1851

downiness1865

foxiness1875

slimness1899

slypussness1908

society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > torturer

pinerOE

wiþerlaȝec1175

tormentorc1290

pincher1368

tortor1570

torturer1597

torture-monger1615

excruciator1864

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10227 To fihhtenn forr þe leode. To werenn hemm wiþþ wiþerr þeod.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6905 Ȝiff he lete waxenn þær. Awihht off wiþerrstrenncþe. Onn ȝæn hiss aȝhenn oferr king.

a1225 St. Marher. 5 Þe awaride wiðerlahen leiden swa luðerliche on hire leofliche lich, þet hit brec oueral.

c1250 Long Life 12 in Old Eng. Misc. 156 Nis non so strong..Þat mai ago deaþes wiþer-blench.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 138 Witen he wolde þurh þa wiþer-craftes [c1300 Otho wise craftes]. wat þing hit were.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12326 Summe heo wræstleden and wiðer-gome [c1300 Otho wiþer-game] makeden.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8143 Cuð hit is wide of ure wiðer-deden.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4576 Ȝif þe king wolde wið heom wiðer-heolden [c1300 Otho wiþer-holde].

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 204 Þar aros wale & win & wiðer-heppes [c1300 Otho wiþer-happes] feola.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14306 Þa weoren wide to-floȝen ut of þan wiðer-uehte.

2. In sense (2), Cf. withernam n.

† witherweȝe v. Obsolete (transitive) to weigh again.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > ascertain the weight of [verb (transitive)] > again

again-weigh1340

witherweȝe1340

re-weigh1622

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 137 To..wiþnyme his dedes..and telle, and weȝe, and wyþerweȝe.

witherweight n.

Brit.

/ˈwɪðəweɪt/

U.S.

/ˈwɪðərˌweɪt/

Scottish English

/ˈwɪðərwet/

/ˈwɪðərwɛxt/

(also wodderweght) Scottish a counterbalancing weight.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weight > a counterbalancing weight

witherweight1642

the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > ponderable matter > that which is heavy or a heavy mass > used on account of its weight > equal or counterbalancing

counterpoisec1430

counterbalance1611

witherweight1642

counterweight1693

balance weight1824

1642 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) p. xx A wodderweght to our bell to mak it ring the better.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Witherweight,..(witherwecht), the weight thrown into one scale, to counterbalance the paper, or vessel, in the opposite scale, which contains the goods bought.

1820 J. Hogg Winter Evening Tales I. 270 She's nae wother-weight nouther.

3. In sense (3),

† witherhoked adj. [compare Middle High German widerhâke barb, German -haken, East Frisian wërhake] Obsolete barbed.

ΘΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > sharp unevenness > [adjective] > having (a) sharp projection(s) > barbed

witherhokedc1330

barbeledc1480

bearded1577

barbed1611

jaggered1627

tentered1768

barbated1782

wittereda1824

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5666 Þis dragoun hadde a long taile Þat was wiþþerhoked.

† witherwise adv. [wise n.¹ II.] Scottish Obsolete = widdershins adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [adverb] > anticlockwise

widdershins1545

against the sun1584

witherwards1624

witherwise1643

anticlockwise1884

counterclockwise1885

1643 in J. G. Dalyell Darker Superst. Scotl. (1834) x. 459 Shoe turnit hirselff thrie severall tymes round witherwys, about the fyre.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wither-
释义	wither-prefix Stress is often attracted to this prefix. representing. Old English wiþer-, Old Frisian wither-, Old Saxon withar-, Old High German widar- (Middle High German, German wider-), = the adverb wiþer (see wither adj.) used with nouns, adjectives, and verbs (cf. with- prefix), chiefly in the sense (1) against, in opposition or hostility, as in Old English wiþercrist antichrist, wiþercwide contradiction, resistance, wiþersaca withersake n., wiþerwinna witherwin n.; less commonly in the senses (2) in return or compensation, counter-, as in Old English wiþerléan recompense, wiþertihtle countercharge; and (3) in the opposite direction, back. †1. In sense (1), used (esp. by Layamon) in compounds denoting hostile acts or contests, as wiþerblench, wiþerded [deed n.] , wiþergome [game n.] , wiþerhap, wiþerueht [fight n.] , wiþerstrencþ resistance; also in the derived sense ‘adverse, evil’, as wiþercraft, wiþerlaȝe [law n.¹] , and (in personal designations) wiþerlaȝe [compare Old Frisian witherlaga, opponent] persecutor, wiþerþeod [thede n.] enemy people; occasionally with verbs, as wiþerhalde [hold v.] to hold out against, oppose.(Often indistinguishable from wither adj.) Obsolete. ΘΠ society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > [noun] > hostile, foreign, or predatory wiþerþeodc1175 foe1565 enemya1616 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > opposition or resistance witherOE wiþerstrencþc1175 withstanding1303 resistancea1325 gainstandinga1340 withsetting1340 resistencec1390 again-standingc1400 resisting1436 repugnance?a1439 gainstandc1470 disstandingc1485 against-standinga1500 repugnancya1500 resist1535 objection1543 reluctation1593 resistment1605 rebeck1609 reluctance1609 reluctancy1613 obluctation1615 redaction1621 resistencya1623 obstrigillation1623 resistal1631 resistancy1656 recalcitration1658 stemc1700 calcitration1867 push-back1984 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist withstandc888 withsake971 forstanda1000 to stand again ——OE withsetc1000 again-standOE to stand againOE warnc1175 wiþerhaldec1175 atstandc1220 astand1250 withsitc1300 sitc1325 asitc1330 (it) may well withc1395 reversea1400 resist1417 ofstandc1425 onstandc1425 gainstand?c1450 endure1470 obsista1475 repugna1513 recountera1525 occur1531 desist1548 impugn1577 obstrigillate1623 counter-stand1648 stem1675 repique1687 to make face to1807 to fight off1833 to stick up1838 bay1848 withstay1854 buck1857 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] listOE wiþercraftc1175 wilta1230 craftc1275 sleightc1275 engine?a1300 quaintisec1300 vaidiec1325 wilec1374 cautelc1375 sophistryc1385 quaintnessc1390 voisdie1390 havilon?a1400 foxeryc1400 subtletyc1400 undercraftc1400 practic?a1439 callidityc1450 policec1450 wilinessc1450 craftiness1484 gin1543 cautility1554 cunning1582 cautelousness1584 panurgy1586 policy1587 foxshipa1616 cunningnessa1625 subdolousness1635 dexterity1656 insidiousnessa1677 versuteness1685 pawkiness1687 sleight-hand1792 pawkery1820 vulpinism1851 downiness1865 foxiness1875 slimness1899 slypussness1908 society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > torturer pinerOE wiþerlaȝec1175 tormentorc1290 pincher1368 tortor1570 torturer1597 torture-monger1615 excruciator1864 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10227 To fihhtenn forr þe leode. To werenn hemm wiþþ wiþerr þeod. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6905 Ȝiff he lete waxenn þær. Awihht off wiþerrstrenncþe. Onn ȝæn hiss aȝhenn oferr king. a1225 St. Marher. 5 Þe awaride wiðerlahen leiden swa luðerliche on hire leofliche lich, þet hit brec oueral. c1250 Long Life 12 in Old Eng. Misc. 156 Nis non so strong..Þat mai ago deaþes wiþer-blench. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 138 Witen he wolde þurh þa wiþer-craftes [c1300 Otho wise craftes]. wat þing hit were. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12326 Summe heo wræstleden and wiðer-gome [c1300 Otho wiþer-game] makeden. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8143 Cuð hit is wide of ure wiðer-deden. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4576 Ȝif þe king wolde wið heom wiðer-heolden [c1300 Otho wiþer-holde]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 204 Þar aros wale & win & wiðer-heppes [c1300 Otho wiþer-happes] feola. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14306 Þa weoren wide to-floȝen ut of þan wiðer-uehte. 2. In sense (2), Cf. withernam n. † witherweȝe v. Obsolete (transitive) to weigh again. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > ascertain the weight of [verb (transitive)] > again again-weigh1340 witherweȝe1340 re-weigh1622 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 137 To..wiþnyme his dedes..and telle, and weȝe, and wyþerweȝe. witherweight n. Brit. /ˈwɪðəweɪt/ , U.S. /ˈwɪðərˌweɪt/ , Scottish English /ˈwɪðərwet/ , /ˈwɪðərwɛxt/ (also wodderweght) Scottish a counterbalancing weight. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weight > a counterbalancing weight witherweight1642 the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > ponderable matter > that which is heavy or a heavy mass > used on account of its weight > equal or counterbalancing counterpoisec1430 counterbalance1611 witherweight1642 counterweight1693 balance weight1824 1642 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) p. xx A wodderweght to our bell to mak it ring the better. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Witherweight,..(witherwecht), the weight thrown into one scale, to counterbalance the paper, or vessel, in the opposite scale, which contains the goods bought. 1820 J. Hogg Winter Evening Tales I. 270 She's nae wother-weight nouther. 3. In sense (3), † witherhoked adj. [compare Middle High German widerhâke barb, German -haken, East Frisian wërhake] Obsolete barbed. ΘΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > sharp unevenness > [adjective] > having (a) sharp projection(s) > barbed witherhokedc1330 barbeledc1480 bearded1577 barbed1611 jaggered1627 tentered1768 barbated1782 wittereda1824 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5666 Þis dragoun hadde a long taile Þat was wiþþerhoked. † witherwise adv. [wise n.¹ II.] Scottish Obsolete = widdershins adv. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [adverb] > anticlockwise widdershins1545 against the sun1584 witherwards1624 witherwise1643 anticlockwise1884 counterclockwise1885 1643 in J. G. Dalyell Darker Superst. Scotl. (1834) x. 459 Shoe turnit hirselff thrie severall tymes round witherwys, about the fyre. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021). wither-comb. form Stress is often attracted to this combining form, e.g. wither-boned Brit. /ˈwɪðəbəʊnd/, U.S. /ˈwɪðərˌboʊnd/. rare. = wither v.² used in combination in sense ‘withered’, as wither-boned, -faced adjectives. ΚΠ 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes 227 The wither-fac'd weather-beaten Mariner. 1821 H. H. Milman Fazio 9 Like some dry wither-boned anatomy. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < prefixc1175comb. form1592
随便看	four-minute miler four-nooked four-oar four-oared four-part four-parted four-piece band four-place four-plait four-point assay four-point bearing four-post four-posted four-poster four-pounder four-releet four-roomed four-rowed four-seater four-shaft four-shilling four-shire-stone four-sided four-snouted four-spined

wither-prefix

wither-comb. form