windingn.¹

/ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/

Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Old English had windung only in concr. sense, ‘plecta’ = Dutch winding coil, convolution, Old High German, early Middle High German winting, winding ‘fascia’, ‘fasciola’, stocking, Old Norse vindingr hose.

I. The action of wind v.¹, or the resulting condition. (See also 10)

a. Motion in a curve; turning this way and that in one's course; sinuous progress or movement; †formerly also, revolution, rotation; undulating motion.In first quot. of doubtful meaning; ? = tropic n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course

winding1398

crankling1598

crangling1608

indenturinga1632

meandering1652

sinuation1653

serpentinga1684

zigzaggery1761

twisting1768

zigzagging1827

switchbacking1913

zigging1977

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun]

swayc1374

turning1390

overwhelming?a1439

circumvolution1447

winding1530

conversion1541

rotationa1550

revolution1566

gyring?1578

revolve1598

circulation1605

gyration1615

evolution1654

sweep1679

gyrating1837

revolving1867

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > [noun] > sinuous movement

windinga1555

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Add. MS. 27944) (1495) ix. iii A ȝere is þe fulle cours and passinge and windinge aboute of þe sonne.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 289/1 Wyndyng, uolubilité.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxviii^v To trauayle and se the wyndyng of the erthe in that tyme of wynter.

a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 133 How he stretcheth out all his membres: what a winding is there: so that all his body commeth out of frame.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie W 233 The windinges of serpentes.

1620 J. Melton Astrologaster 70 Birds, and Fowles, with their Motions, Chatterings, Croakings, Winding.

1623 J. Taylor New Discouery by Sea C 2 b For there hath he..vsed such a deale of intricate Setting, Grafting, Planting..turning, winding, and returning circular [etc.].

1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 151 These [stairs], because they sometimes wind, and sometimes fly off from that winding take therefore the more room up in the Stair-Case.

1709 T. Robinson Vindic. Mosaick Syst. 101 in Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland These [Plants]..in their Windings, always follow the Motion of the Sun.

1770 W. Gilpin Observ. River Wye (1782) 32 The winding of the river.

1777 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (rev. ed.) V. xvii. 16 That graceful winding of person.

1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. I. xviii. 274 They wish to arrive at the heights of Mount Zion without winding round its base.

1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen xii. 174 With very little of devious winding, it [sc. Jordan] carries the shining waters of Galilee..into the solitudes of the Dead Sea.

1869 F. Fitzwygram Horses & Stables §931 Winding of the fore-foot is also very objectionable.

b. Nautical (see wind v.¹ 8, 19b, to wind up 7 at Phrasal verbs).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [noun] > riding at anchor > swinging

tending1587

wind-rode1635

winding1639

1639 High Court of Admiralty Exam. (P.R.O.) 18 Oct. 55 It being upon wyndeinge upp of the tide. [Cf. quot. 1691 for to wind up 7 at wind v.¹ Phrasal verbs.]

1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services Winding of a Ship.

2. figurative.

a. Turning this way and that in thought or conduct; nearly always plural devious or intricate motions, tortuous or crooked ways or dealings.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > lack of principle or integrity > [noun] > lack of straightforwardness or uprightness > instance(s) of

winding1621

circumambages1649

crookedness1869

wangle1915

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > crafty dealing > devious ways or dealings

winding1621

circumambages1649

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 404 Hearts ease, I cannot compasse with all my carefull windings, & running in & out.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) v. 395 The boughts and windings of a deceitfull heart.

1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 19 All this winding to me, in plainness, seems an aiming at no House.

a1677 I. Barrow Several Serm. Evil-speaking (1678) ii. 45 The numberless rovings of fancy, and windings of language.

1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor vii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 137 The wily lawyer, accustomed..to trace human nature through all her windings.

a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 114 To trace all the windings of the negotiation would be tedious.

1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) l We are friends and can speak without windings.

†b. Music. A melodic alternation or variation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > theme > variation

figuration1597

winding1664

variation1786

double1806

paraphrase1880

1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 59 Those long windings and turnings of the Voyce are ill used.

1667 C. Simpson Compend. Pract. Musick 85 These little windings and bindings with Discords and Imperfect Concords after them, do very much delight the Ear.

1706 A. Bedford Temple Musick iv. 75 Which he performs with various turnings and windings of the Voice.

1917 T. S. Eliot Prufrock & Other Observ. 18 Among the windings of the violins And the ariettes Of cracked cornets.

3. Carpentry, etc. Condition of being twisted; chiefly in out of winding = out of wind at wind n.² 3; in winding, twisted.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > straightness > [phrase] > not twisted

out of winding1711

out of wind1825

out of twist1854

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > condition of being twisted spirally

twist1711

winding1711

torsion1807

tortility1835

1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 46 To make the side Lines and middle Lines of the Decks out of winding one with another.

1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 60 Such Piles..could be brought by a straight Line..to meet in the middle of the Breach, and be out of winding,..in the same continued Line as first drove down.

1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. ii. iii. 518 A stone is taken out of winding principally with points.

1880 J. Lomas Man. Alkali Trade 328 The tiles themselves must be of good quality—Dutch preferred—and of faultless ‘winding’.

a. The action of twining a flexible object round another or itself, esp. the coiling or twining of thread, silk, etc.; wrapping in a shroud (now dialect).With quot. c1386 cf. sense 8.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiling round something

windingc1386

circumvolution1599

introvolution1829

wind-up1966

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > pattern > decoration with

windingc1386

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > [noun] > laying or wrapping in shroud

winding1579

shroudinga1854

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > dynamo > [noun] > dynamo giving alternating current > zigzag winding for

winding1910

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋343 The cost of..barrynge, owndynge,..wyndynge or bendynge.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 530 (Winch.) Wyn [d] yng, or twynynge of threde, tortura,..uel torsura.

1463–4 Rolls of Parl. V. 503/2 Grete disceit, in wyndyng, foldyng, and makyng of Flecez of Wolle.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wyndynge of sylke, or thread.

1579 Aldeburgh Rec. in Notes & Queries 12th Ser. VII. 328/2 To myles harrisons wiffe and Ales gillion for wyndinge of mother Hue..vi^d.

1619 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1618–21 (1906) 116 Bengala silke..in cleare windinge.

1796 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum V. 449 The cardin o't the spinnin o't The warpin o't the winnin o't.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 64 A vast deal of screwing and tightening, and winding and tuning, during which Mrs. Briggs expatiated to those near her on the immense difficulty of playing a guitar.

1844 G. Dodd Textile Manuf. Great Brit. i. 37 The process of ‘winding’ is that by which the weft is transferred from the bobbins to the shuttle.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 716/2 The winding requires the unwearied attention of children to mend the threads that break.

1910 S. P. Thompson Life Ld. Kelvin II. 754 The zigzag winding for alternators.

b. With adverbs on, out, up; also attributive.

ΚΠ

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 421 Each spinner..fixes the end of the piece that is spun to a winding-up reel.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 301 Till the stretch and winding-on were once more completed.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1110 A winding-on bobbin.

1844 G. Dodd Textile Manuf. Great Brit. ii. 63 The ‘winding-on room’ where the cloth is wound uniformly round a thick beam or roller preparatory to the printing.

1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 201/2 The spools for winding up and winding out should be of the same weight.

1883 Yorksh. Textile Direct. 58 Patent Crabbing or Winding-on Machine.

1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. xxxiii. 517 A system of managing guinea worm cases which bids fair to..obviate the serious risks of the old winding out system.

5. Hoisting or hauling by means of a winch, windlass, or the like. Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > [noun] > lifting or hoisting equipment

windingc1440

slinging1685

windlassing1834

braking1857

level luffing1922

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 529 (Winch.) Wyyndyng with wyndas, obvolucio.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 530 (Winch.) Wyndynge vp of thyngis þat bene heuy, euolucio.

c1575 Ship Lawis in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 620 Gif ane tun or pype be tint in the winding or heising, in fault of the cordis.

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 191 Winding, hoisting with a rope and drum.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding, the operation of raising by means of a steam-engine, with ropes and cages, the produce of the mine.

6. Usually with up, of a clock or other mechanism: see wind v.¹ 20b, to wind up 5 at Phrasal verbs. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > action of winding or setting

winding1630

rewinding1785

regulation1885

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > winding of

winding1630

1630 J. Taylor World runnes on Wheeles in Wks. ii. 234/1 The new found Instrument that goes by winding vp like a Iacke.

1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) i. 282 Is there a tongue, like Delia's o'er her cup, That runs for ages without winding-up?

1737 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 68/1 So that no Time is lost in winding.

1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. v. 28 The half minute which we daily devote to the winding up of our watches.

1884 St. James's Gaz. 28 Mar. 6/1 The unfortunate thing about spirit-drinking is..that the drinker requires more and more ‘winding-up’ as he goes on.

7. winding up: conclusion, finish (see to wind up 4 at wind v.¹ Phrasal verbs); now usually, the bringing to an end the activities of a business concern; also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > completing > [noun] > bringing to a conclusion

endingc1000

determination1483

lapping1549

winding up1560

closure1594

perioding1659

clausure1670

close out1887

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun]

endc1000

endingc1000

finea1300

conclusion1382

ooc1384

close1399

finance1449

terminationc1500

last?1520

winding up1560

wind-up1573

wind-up-all1573

conclusure1578

clause1581

upshot1582

desinence1598

omega1599

Godspeed1606

finis1682

finale1786

finish1790

tie-up1829

Z1877

curtains1912

taps1917

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxiiij^v How vnfortunate..hath bene the successe and wyndyng vp of commotioners [L. seditiosorum exitus].

1570–6 W. Lambard Perambulation Kent (1596) 481 Crafty counseiles..be hard in the handeling, and wofull in the winding vp [L. euentu tristia].

1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 1 In the wynding vp of your Letter written and directed to Doctour Turner.

1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 44 The winding vp of this worke, called the Supplement, &c.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 879 If they would but expect the winding up of things, and stay till the last Close.

1705 R. Cromwell Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1898) XIII. 123 The winding up of your bottom will be more pleasing.

1782 in Mme. D'Arblay's Diary (1904) II. 97 My warm approbation of the whole work [‘Cecilia’] together:..the winding up beyond all compare, more happy, [etc.].

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. iv. vi. 142 She..detailed the progress of the plot to the winding up of the catastrophe.

1824 Countess Granville Lett. (1894) I. 271 The Hague season is nearly over, and a ball on Thursday is almost the winding up.

1853 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay I. 242 The year 1782 brought that war to its winding up.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 413/1 Winding-up Act.

1875 Economist 30 Jan. 131/2 The shareholders are asked to oppose the projected winding-up.

1895 Times 19 Jan. 15/6 A winding-up order having recently been made against this company.

II. That which winds or is wound.

a. An object that winds or is wound round; a coil or coiled object; †a curved, circular, or twining pattern, ornament, piece of material, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiled object

wreathOE

windingc1050

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s) > thing having

windingc1050

tortuosity1646

vermiculation1670

worm1702

crinkum-crankum1766

wriggle1825

serpentine1885

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > [noun] > laying or wrapping in shroud > shroud

sheetc1000

sendala1300

sudaryc1380

winding-clotha1400

winding-sheetc1420

kellc1425

sindonc1500

shroud1570

shrouding sheet1576

cerement1604

church cloth1639

socking-sheet1691

death cloth1699

sow1763

windinga1825

burial-cloth1876

negligée1927

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 505/24 Plecta, windonge. [Cf. 471/1 Plectas, gewind.]

1356 in Pipe Roll 32 Edw. III, m. 33/2 (P.R.O.) ij. Exeronges, xxiiij. Wyndynges, ij. naues, ij. lynces.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings vii. 29 Betwen þe litle crownys and wyndyngis: leowns & oxen & cherubyn.

1486 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 244 iij. wyndynges of iren aboute a ledder.

1555 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 183 Wroughte with white partye payned barwyse wyndinge which was taken owte of the borders of hanginges.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 7) 151 Those who are alreadie clasped in the windings of this sinne.

1645 J. Milton Arcades in Poems 54 To nurse the Saplings tall, and curl the grove With Ringlets quaint, and wanton windings wove.

1699 T. Baker Refl. Learning ix. 102 A Man must see the folds and windings of a knot before he can unty it.

1764 J. Ferguson Lect. Select Subj. iii. 43 The winch..must turn the cylinder once round before the weight or resistance..can be moved from one spiral winding to another.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) (at cited word) In Suffolk the flannel, which is wound round a corpse, is called a winding.

b. An electric conductor that is wound round a magnetic material, esp. (a) a coil encircling part of the stator or rotor of an electric motor or generator, or an assembly of such coils connected to form one circuit; (b) one forming part of a transformer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > dynamo > [noun] > conductor

winding1888

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > transformer > [noun] > conductor

winding1947

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > generator > [noun] > conductor

winding1962

1888 S. P. Thompson Dynamo-electr. Machinery (ed. 2) xii. 259 If the successive sections are to be connected up consecutively, then they must be wound..alternately with right-handed and left-handed windings.

1947 R. Lee Electronic Transformers & Circuits v. 141 In step-down transformers the capacitance may be regarded as existing mainly across the primary winding; in step-up transformers, across the secondary winding.

1962 Newnes Conc. Encycl. Electr. Engin. 894/1 The simplest type of winding is a field coil around a salient pole.., the coil comprising a number of turns (between one and several thousand) of wire or strip.

1979 Nasar & Unnewehr Electromechanics & Electric Machines iii. 67 Transformer windings are constructed of solid or stranded copper or aluminum conductors.

9. A curved, sinuous, or meandering line, path, passage, or the like; esp. plural meanderings, twists and turns.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s)

folda1250

windinga1387

wrinkling1387

revolution?a1425

wrinkle1430

crink1567

crank1572

cringle-crangle1573

crinkle1596

crankle1598

crinkle-crankle1598

meander1603

anfractuosity1612

ins and outs1655

sinuationa1676

insinuationa1684

anfractus1719

sinuosity1720

flexuosity1737

evolution1765

cringle1808

wriggle1825

voluminosity1841

squiggle1902

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course > instance of or a winding course

windinga1387

anfractus?a1425

ambage1537

crank1572

error1594

indenture1598

maze1598

meander1631

circumvolution1633

anfracture1657

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 9 Þis matir, as laborintus, Dedalus hous, haþ many..wyndynges and wrynkelynges.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. vi. C v b/1 Tygris..passith in to y^e redde see after many turnynges & wyndynges.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wyndynges and turnynges, amfractus.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. v. v. 94 Berenice standeth upon the utmost winding and nouke of Syrtis.

?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) iv. 1084 The wards, or windings of the key.

1631 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 50 A little skin in the lowest winding, or turning of the eare.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 5 Fetching several Compasses and Windings.

1788 W. Cowper Dog & Water Lily 28 I..follow'd long The windings of the stream.

1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 295 A loud shriek That shook along the windings of the cave.

1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 134/2 That action by which the aliments are carried through the windings of the intestinal canal.

1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. 277 The number of windings of the wire between any two small circles.

10. A flexible rod or withy (obsolete or dialect); †esp. (collective singular or plural) the rods or withies used in making or repairing walls; hence, the process involving their use.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > [noun] > building walls > in specific way

winding1405

studwork1768

stoothing1788

hearting1858

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > willow > twig or rod of

osierc1175

wanda1300

persha1398

withya1400

wicker14..

winding1405

withe1465

yedder1512

writhe1552

writh1810

skein1837

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > stick, twig, or rod > for other uses

winding1405

hoop-pole1645

hoop-stick1678

rack-stick1821

long small1852

frithles1881

1405–6 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 222 Cariantibus stramen ad tecturam, 2s. It. pro adquisicione de wyndyng, 15d.

1474–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 289 In le dalbyng et le wyndyng interclose wallez, sydewallez, gawellez.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxix^v With the wynding of the edderynges thou dost lose thy stakes.

1550 in T. Wright Churchwardens' Accts. Ludlow (1869) 44 Item, to John James for wyndynge and dawbynge ther..viij d.

1599 Order Bk. Hartlebury Gram. School (1904) 24 It'm..for windinge and dawbinge of the church howse.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. iv. 387 To make windings to bind vines.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xiv. 555 The manner of making walls, by dawbing windings and hurdles with mud and clay.

1649 Order Bk. Hartlebury Gram. School (1904) 72 For poules for studds ease poules and windings and carriadge of them o 6 o.

1674 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words Vrith, Eththerings or windings of hedges.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xiv. 19/2 Thatchers Termes... Windings, twigs that will bend.

1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 ii. 281 Farmers find posts and rails cheaper..than the old system of ‘stake and rice’. Note. Called ‘cock-guard’ in some parts; in others ‘winding’.

1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Weindins, the boughs which are interwoven with the stakes used to shore up the bank of a stream.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense 4.)

† winding blade n. Obsolete blade n. 10c.

ΚΠ

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 184 Vnes tournettes, a payre of wyndynge blades to wynde yarne upon.

winding-loft n.

ΚΠ

1846 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 6th Ser. 197 The tarred haul then passes into the ‘winding-loft’, where it is wound..upon bobbins.

winding-machine n.

ΚΠ

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 422 The two winding-machines may also be driven by the endless rope.

winding machinery n.

ΚΠ

1855 D. T. Ansted in Orr's Circle Sci.: Inorg. Nature 248 Disarrangement of the winding machinery.

winding master n.

ΚΠ

?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 68 Cotton Mill:..Winding Room... Winding Master.

winding room n.

ΚΠ

1336Wyndyngrop [see winding baly n. at Compounds 1b].

1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 165 The winding room, where the women sit some twenty deep in rank after rank by the side of the benches.

1913 Times 7 Aug. 4/4 [He] denied that he ever smoked in the ‘winding’ or operating rooms.

† winding stool n. Obsolete stool n. 6.

ΚΠ

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 289/1 Wyndyng stole, tournette.

b. (In sense 5, esp. in nautical and mining use.)

winding accident n.

ΚΠ

1895 Catholic News 14 Sept. 3 Two terrible winding accidents occurred in mines in Rhondda Valley.

† winding baly n. Obsolete (apparently = bail n.⁵, bucket.)

ΚΠ

1336 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/19/31) m. 5 In .ij. Wyndi [n] gbalies emptis ad eandem [galeam]... Et in ij petris corde de canabo emptis pro Wyndyngrop.

winding engine n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > winch or capstan

windas1293

wind1399

windlassc1400

fern1546

stow?1549

capstock1551

winch1577

draw-beam1585

wind-beam1585

winder1585

capstring1609

crab1627

guindall1628

gin1632

Jack1686

screw engine1688

twirl1688

moulineta1706

jack roll1708

wind-lifta1734

whim1738

stowce1747

whim-engine1759

macaroni gin1789

whimsy1789

winze1839

jack roller1843

wink1847

winding engine1858

fusee-windlass1874

come-along1891

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Winding-engine, an engine for drawing up buckets, etc. from a well or shaft.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Winding-engine,..a hoisting steam-engine.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Engine.

winding-engineman n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > one who works specific mining equipment

sump man1825

pipeman1863

pumpman1902

winding-engineman1904

1904 Daily Chron. 23 Apr. 6/4 A terrible calamity was averted at the Navigation Colliery..by the heroism..of the winding engineman.

winding-gear n.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Winding-gear, an English term for the winding-machine for mines.

† winding hawser n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) D/2 j Wyndyng hauncer.

1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 36 Smalle Warps,..Hawsers,..Wyndyng hausers.

winding hour n.

ΚΠ

1893 Daily News 4 May 2/1 In South Wales the winding hours were 9½ to 10 hours on four days in the week.

† winding iron n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1420 in For. Acc. 3 Hen. VI F/2 dorso (P.R.O.) Wyndyng [i] rone.

winding pit n.

† winding-pulley n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) D/1^v j Ketille j Fane et Wyndyngpoley.

winding-rope n.

ΚΠ

1424 For. Acc. 59 m. 22 dorso (P.R.O.) j hausere pro wyndyngrope.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Ropes, the ropes by which a cage, chair,..&c., are raised and lowered in a pit-shaft.

winding shaft n.

ΚΠ

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Shaft or Pit, the pit-shaft used chiefly for winding purposes.

winding tackle n.

ΚΠ

1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 115 The winding tackle is thus fitted: a great double block with three sheevers in it, which is fast seased to the end of a small cabell, which is brought about the head of the mast, and so serves for a pendant [etc.].

1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services 116 Winding Tackle blocks.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Winding-tackle pendant, a strong rope made fast to the lower mast-head, and forming the support of the winding-tackle.

winding time n.

ΚΠ

1908 Daily Chron. 10 Dec. 5/7 Both winding times are to be excluded from the calculation of eight hours.

winding wheel n.

ΚΠ

1675 in J. C. Jeaffreson Middlesex County Rec. (1892) IV. 61 Unam rotam Harpedon anglice vocatam a winding wheele.

c. (In sense 6.)

winding button n.

ΚΠ

1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 71 A contrate wheel squared on to the stem of the winding button.

winding hole n.

ΚΠ

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xx. 240/1 On[e] thick gut string, which is played upon with a long Bow or Base Viol stick at the head of it a little below the winding hole.

winding pinion n.

ΚΠ

1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 337/1 Examine the winding-pinion depth, to see that it is neither too deep nor shallow.

winding square n.

ΚΠ

1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 112 The position of the fusees [is indicated] by the winding squares.

winding wheel n.

ΚΠ

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 240 The operation of throwing the winding wheels out of action.

C2.

† winding band n. [band n.² 5] Obsolete a bandage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun]

swathec1050

blood benda1250

blood bandc1300

bondc1384

whip1504

trusser1519

swath-band1556

swaddlea1569

winding band1582

deligature1583

ligation1598

bandage1599

fettle1599

ligament1599

selvage1599

swathe1615

swaddlings1623

anadesm1658

fasciation1658

girt1676

platysma1684

flannels1723

fillet1802

sealing1862

1582 Bible (Rheims) John xi. 44 Bound feete and handes with winding bandes.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 262/2 Fascia,..a swathing cloth or winding band to..tye vp wounds.

winding sticks n. two equal pieces of wood with straight parallel edges used to determine whether a surface is true (cf. 3).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > instrument for checking markings

straight-edge1812

surface plate1822

winding sticks1823

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 255 Winding Sticks are always used in pairs.

winding strips n. = winding sticks n.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

windingadj.¹

/ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/

Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -ing suffix².

That winds, in various senses.

1. That follows a sinuous course, takes or has a curvilinear form, or is full of bends and turns.

a. Of a staircase: Spiral. Chiefly in winding stairs (sometimes hyphenated).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [adjective] > types of staircase

winding1530

half-paced1603

dogleg1671

newelled1677

flighted1929

low-rise1951

open-tread1960

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 158 Vne vis, a wyndingstayre.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong at Noyau A paire of winding staires.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxxv. 141 A round Tribunal, whereunto one ascended by fifteen winding stairs.

1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 153 These Winding steps are made about a solid Newel.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1654 (1955) III. 114 A paire of artificial winding-stayres of stone.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 22 You may go up to the top by a winding staircase that is within it.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 191 Having finished the first flight of steps, fix the top of the first bearer for the winding-tread.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. liii. 96 She left the chapel..and coming to a low door, which plainly led into the tower, opened it, and climbed the winding stair.

b. Of plants or their parts, lines or figures, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having many or winding curves

tortivous14..

anfractuous?a1425

tortuous1426

tortuea1500

snakish1532

winding1538

wormy1545

boughty1570

wriggled1572

sinuous1578

serpent-likea1586

crankled1594

serpent1597

snaky1600

flexuous1605

snaking1605

cringle-crangle1606

voluminous1611

serpenting?1614

serpentine1615

curvy1623

serpentizing1628

worming1631

lacinious1648

anguineous1656

anguine1657

anfractuose1680

twisting1683

vermicular1712

worm-like1721

flexuose1727

meandering1748

crinkum-crankum1766

serpentiform1777

serpentining1799

anguiform1800

ophite1828

tortuose1829

cranky1836

sinuose1836

serpentile1857

twisty1857

sinuated1859

vermiculatea1864

twinyc1868

tortive1880

crinkle-crankle1881

serpentinous1882

quirky1890

twistical1890

waggly1894

wriggly1901

squiggly1902

wiggly1903

contortionate1911

wig-waggy1914

curvaceous1965

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Vimineus, wyckers, wyndynge roddes, or osyars.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 41^v A payre of windynge prickes.

1552–3 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 137 Wynding plate abowte hedd peces.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 34 The stalke is sclender, wyndyng, with claspes about such plantes as are next hym.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 78 If his necke be winding and weake (as if it were broken).

1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 193 It was ordained, that this Winding-Iuie of a Plantagenet, should kill the true Tree it selfe.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 127 The winding Trail Of Bears-foot.

1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 9 Of involved winding Lines it is not necessary to speak.

1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (rev. ed.) App. p. xli Thus you may mark a winding figure with a thread on a rocket.

1822 J. Parkinson Outl. Oryctol. 163 The chambers separated by winding septa.

1836 Penny Cycl. V. 230/2 Many of the sheep have upright winding horns.

c. Of the course or outline of natural features, roads, passages, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adjective] > bending or winding

winding1555

straying1585

crankling1596

meandrian1608

tortive1609

meandered1612

serpentine1615

snailing1615

meandering1617

meandrous1639

meandric1658

wandering1667

wimpling1721

spiral1796

circumvolutory1834

wormy1869

twistering1872

twistified1872

twistical1890

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [adjective] > winding

ambagious1592

zigzagging1827

bendy1885

winding1890

screwy1891

windy1972

1555 R. Eden tr. S. von Herberstein Rerum moscouiticarum commentarii in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 303^v Saylynge alonge by the coaste of a wyndynge and bendynge shore.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 618 Wy with a crooked and winding streame rolleth downe by Whitney.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. vii. 31 And so by many winding nookes he straies.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 92 A winding Vally.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 294 Megara's winding Bay.

1791 W. Cowper Four Ages 8 Taking my lonely winding walk, I mus'd.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. vi. 167 The winding mountains, at length, shut Udolpho from her view.

1878 J. Buller Forty Years N.Z. i. ii. 27 The river is winding in its course.

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer xiii He could rattle five horses and a loaded coach in and out of the creeks and winding bush tracks.

d. Of animals or their movements.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > [adjective] > moving sinuously

writhing?1561

serpent-likea1586

wringling1596

winding1613

writhy1743

sinuous1897

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [adjective] > moving in winding course

crangling1608

winding1613

glomerating1634

mazy1726

zigzag1752

zigzagging1827

switchback1887

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage i. v. 20 He windes himselfe into this winding Beast, disposing the Serpents tongue to speake to the woman.

1631 F. Quarles Hist. Samson iv. 20 The suck-egge Weasell, and the Winding Swallow.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 243 Twice round his waste their [sc. the serpents'] winding Volumes rowl'd.

1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) III. xii. 73 Thou..dost not know the joys of the chase, and in pursuing a winding game.

1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 118 Swallows check their winding flight.

†e. Pliant, bending. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective]

tougha700

lithyc1000

softc1330

weak?a1366

plianta1382

persha1398

plyinga1398

lithec1400

supplec1400

plicable?a1425

curvable?1440

lethec1440

scretec1440

pliablec1475

bowable1483

bowing1483

waldinc1485

supple1513

flexible1548

limber1565

lither1565

bending1567

osier1577

wiry1588

buxom1590

withy1598

suppliable1599

renderingc1600

fluxible1607

winding1609

bendable1611

flippant1622

flexive1629

flexile1633

maniable1633

compliant1667

flectible1705

limp1706

yieldy1757

complying1774

limberly1782

willowy1791

switchy1810

wandy1825

twistable1853

bendsome1861

whippy1867

swack1868

bendy1873

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 192 Feathers and delicat winding beds [L. pluma & flexiles lectuli].

2. figurative.

†a. Tortuous, crooked, wily. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adjective] > tortuous

winding1594

tortuous1801

unstraightforward1887

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiii. 204 A man doubtlesse winding and craftie.

1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 241 For all his winding wit and wrangling about this place.

1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. iii. 76 Old, winding, bragging, testy, crafty fox.

1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. vii. 245 Jupiter..was represented Horned, because of his Winding Oracles.

b. Of a narrative: Circuitous, rambling.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [adjective] > discursive or digressive

digressinga1535

exorbitant1534

discursive1598

solute1605

digressive?1611

excursive1673

rimble-ramble1690

land-loping1694

digressionary1741

parenthetic1782

uncentral1782

digressional1785

parenthetical1814

discursative1819

discursory1830

episodic1867

winding1887

a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) iv. v. 37 The winding laborinth of thy straunge discourse Will nere haue end.]

1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 87 The grief is a winding story and long.

1923 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 Jan. 9/2 The long and winding narrative.

Derivatives

ˈwindingly adv. in a winding manner, circuitously, with twists and turns.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adverb] > off the direct line > bendingly or windingly

a-crooka1387

acrooka1387

crooked1545

windingly1576

bendingly1658

serpentinely1762

tortuously1839

meanderingly1865

snakily1870

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [adverb] > not in a straight course > in a winding course

aboutOE

aboutsa1387

windingly1576

zigzag1754

mazily1845

zag1906

zigzaggedly1921

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iv. f. 215^v The pype..doth ascende right vp, and not as in the others windingly.

1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. 47 A riuer, that windingly creepeth with many wauy turnings.

1818 Ld. Byron Beppo xxxiv. 20 Where the green alleys windingly allure.

1877 R. D. Blackmore Erema xiv The long descent into the depth of winter is..taken..gently, and softly, and windingly, with a great many glimpses back at the summer.

ˈwindingness n. circuitous or meandering form.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s) > quality or condition

sinuosity1597

tortuosity1603

flexuosity1611

flexure1628

sinuousness1684

windingness1730

1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum at Tortuousness Windingness or the Turning in and out.

1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 134/1 There should be good in the stream's windingness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	winding
释义	windingn.¹ /ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/ Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Old English had windung only in concr. sense, ‘plecta’ = Dutch winding coil, convolution, Old High German, early Middle High German winting, winding ‘fascia’, ‘fasciola’, stocking, Old Norse vindingr hose. I. The action of wind v.¹, or the resulting condition. (See also 10) 1. a. Motion in a curve; turning this way and that in one's course; sinuous progress or movement; †formerly also, revolution, rotation; undulating motion.In first quot. of doubtful meaning; ? = tropic n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course winding1398 crankling1598 crangling1608 indenturinga1632 meandering1652 sinuation1653 serpentinga1684 zigzaggery1761 twisting1768 zigzagging1827 switchbacking1913 zigging1977 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] swayc1374 turning1390 overwhelming?a1439 circumvolution1447 winding1530 conversion1541 rotationa1550 revolution1566 gyring?1578 revolve1598 circulation1605 gyration1615 evolution1654 sweep1679 gyrating1837 revolving1867 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > [noun] > sinuous movement windinga1555 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Add. MS. 27944) (1495) ix. iii A ȝere is þe fulle cours and passinge and windinge aboute of þe sonne. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 289/1 Wyndyng, uolubilité. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxviii^v To trauayle and se the wyndyng of the erthe in that tyme of wynter. a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 133 How he stretcheth out all his membres: what a winding is there: so that all his body commeth out of frame. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie W 233 The windinges of serpentes. 1620 J. Melton Astrologaster 70 Birds, and Fowles, with their Motions, Chatterings, Croakings, Winding. 1623 J. Taylor New Discouery by Sea C 2 b For there hath he..vsed such a deale of intricate Setting, Grafting, Planting..turning, winding, and returning circular [etc.]. 1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 151 These [stairs], because they sometimes wind, and sometimes fly off from that winding take therefore the more room up in the Stair-Case. 1709 T. Robinson Vindic. Mosaick Syst. 101 in Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland These [Plants]..in their Windings, always follow the Motion of the Sun. 1770 W. Gilpin Observ. River Wye (1782) 32 The winding of the river. 1777 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (rev. ed.) V. xvii. 16 That graceful winding of person. 1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. I. xviii. 274 They wish to arrive at the heights of Mount Zion without winding round its base. 1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen xii. 174 With very little of devious winding, it [sc. Jordan] carries the shining waters of Galilee..into the solitudes of the Dead Sea. 1869 F. Fitzwygram Horses & Stables §931 Winding of the fore-foot is also very objectionable. b. Nautical (see wind v.¹ 8, 19b, to wind up 7 at Phrasal verbs). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [noun] > riding at anchor > swinging tending1587 wind-rode1635 winding1639 1639 High Court of Admiralty Exam. (P.R.O.) 18 Oct. 55 It being upon wyndeinge upp of the tide. [Cf. quot. 1691 for to wind up 7 at wind v.¹ Phrasal verbs.] 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services Winding of a Ship. 2. figurative. a. Turning this way and that in thought or conduct; nearly always plural devious or intricate motions, tortuous or crooked ways or dealings. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > lack of principle or integrity > [noun] > lack of straightforwardness or uprightness > instance(s) of winding1621 circumambages1649 crookedness1869 wangle1915 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > crafty dealing > devious ways or dealings winding1621 circumambages1649 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 404 Hearts ease, I cannot compasse with all my carefull windings, & running in & out. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) v. 395 The boughts and windings of a deceitfull heart. 1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 19 All this winding to me, in plainness, seems an aiming at no House. a1677 I. Barrow Several Serm. Evil-speaking (1678) ii. 45 The numberless rovings of fancy, and windings of language. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor vii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 137 The wily lawyer, accustomed..to trace human nature through all her windings. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 114 To trace all the windings of the negotiation would be tedious. 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) l We are friends and can speak without windings. †b. Music. A melodic alternation or variation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > theme > variation figuration1597 winding1664 variation1786 double1806 paraphrase1880 1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 59 Those long windings and turnings of the Voyce are ill used. 1667 C. Simpson Compend. Pract. Musick 85 These little windings and bindings with Discords and Imperfect Concords after them, do very much delight the Ear. 1706 A. Bedford Temple Musick iv. 75 Which he performs with various turnings and windings of the Voice. 1917 T. S. Eliot Prufrock & Other Observ. 18 Among the windings of the violins And the ariettes Of cracked cornets. 3. Carpentry, etc. Condition of being twisted; chiefly in out of winding = out of wind at wind n.² 3; in winding, twisted. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > straightness > [phrase] > not twisted out of winding1711 out of wind1825 out of twist1854 the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > condition of being twisted spirally twist1711 winding1711 torsion1807 tortility1835 1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 46 To make the side Lines and middle Lines of the Decks out of winding one with another. 1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 60 Such Piles..could be brought by a straight Line..to meet in the middle of the Breach, and be out of winding,..in the same continued Line as first drove down. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. ii. iii. 518 A stone is taken out of winding principally with points. 1880 J. Lomas Man. Alkali Trade 328 The tiles themselves must be of good quality—Dutch preferred—and of faultless ‘winding’. 4. a. The action of twining a flexible object round another or itself, esp. the coiling or twining of thread, silk, etc.; wrapping in a shroud (now dialect).With quot. c1386 cf. sense 8. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiling round something windingc1386 circumvolution1599 introvolution1829 wind-up1966 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > pattern > decoration with windingc1386 the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > [noun] > laying or wrapping in shroud winding1579 shroudinga1854 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > dynamo > [noun] > dynamo giving alternating current > zigzag winding for winding1910 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋343 The cost of..barrynge, owndynge,..wyndynge or bendynge. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 530 (Winch.) Wyn [d] yng, or twynynge of threde, tortura,..uel torsura. 1463–4 Rolls of Parl. V. 503/2 Grete disceit, in wyndyng, foldyng, and makyng of Flecez of Wolle. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wyndynge of sylke, or thread. 1579 Aldeburgh Rec. in Notes & Queries 12th Ser. VII. 328/2 To myles harrisons wiffe and Ales gillion for wyndinge of mother Hue..vi^d. 1619 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1618–21 (1906) 116 Bengala silke..in cleare windinge. 1796 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum V. 449 The cardin o't the spinnin o't The warpin o't the winnin o't. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 64 A vast deal of screwing and tightening, and winding and tuning, during which Mrs. Briggs expatiated to those near her on the immense difficulty of playing a guitar. 1844 G. Dodd Textile Manuf. Great Brit. i. 37 The process of ‘winding’ is that by which the weft is transferred from the bobbins to the shuttle. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 716/2 The winding requires the unwearied attention of children to mend the threads that break. 1910 S. P. Thompson Life Ld. Kelvin II. 754 The zigzag winding for alternators. b. With adverbs on, out, up; also attributive. ΚΠ 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 421 Each spinner..fixes the end of the piece that is spun to a winding-up reel. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 301 Till the stretch and winding-on were once more completed. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1110 A winding-on bobbin. 1844 G. Dodd Textile Manuf. Great Brit. ii. 63 The ‘winding-on room’ where the cloth is wound uniformly round a thick beam or roller preparatory to the printing. 1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 201/2 The spools for winding up and winding out should be of the same weight. 1883 Yorksh. Textile Direct. 58 Patent Crabbing or Winding-on Machine. 1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. xxxiii. 517 A system of managing guinea worm cases which bids fair to..obviate the serious risks of the old winding out system. 5. Hoisting or hauling by means of a winch, windlass, or the like. Also with up. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > [noun] > lifting or hoisting equipment windingc1440 slinging1685 windlassing1834 braking1857 level luffing1922 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 529 (Winch.) Wyyndyng with wyndas, obvolucio. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 530 (Winch.) Wyndynge vp of thyngis þat bene heuy, euolucio. c1575 Ship Lawis in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 620 Gif ane tun or pype be tint in the winding or heising, in fault of the cordis. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 191 Winding, hoisting with a rope and drum. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding, the operation of raising by means of a steam-engine, with ropes and cages, the produce of the mine. 6. Usually with up, of a clock or other mechanism: see wind v.¹ 20b, to wind up 5 at Phrasal verbs. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > action of winding or setting winding1630 rewinding1785 regulation1885 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > winding of winding1630 1630 J. Taylor World runnes on Wheeles in Wks. ii. 234/1 The new found Instrument that goes by winding vp like a Iacke. 1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) i. 282 Is there a tongue, like Delia's o'er her cup, That runs for ages without winding-up? 1737 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 68/1 So that no Time is lost in winding. 1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. v. 28 The half minute which we daily devote to the winding up of our watches. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 28 Mar. 6/1 The unfortunate thing about spirit-drinking is..that the drinker requires more and more ‘winding-up’ as he goes on. 7. winding up: conclusion, finish (see to wind up 4 at wind v.¹ Phrasal verbs); now usually, the bringing to an end the activities of a business concern; also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > [noun] > bringing to a conclusion endingc1000 determination1483 lapping1549 winding up1560 closure1594 perioding1659 clausure1670 close out1887 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun] endc1000 endingc1000 finea1300 conclusion1382 ooc1384 close1399 finance1449 terminationc1500 last?1520 winding up1560 wind-up1573 wind-up-all1573 conclusure1578 clause1581 upshot1582 desinence1598 omega1599 Godspeed1606 finis1682 finale1786 finish1790 tie-up1829 Z1877 curtains1912 taps1917 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxiiij^v How vnfortunate..hath bene the successe and wyndyng vp of commotioners [L. seditiosorum exitus]. 1570–6 W. Lambard Perambulation Kent (1596) 481 Crafty counseiles..be hard in the handeling, and wofull in the winding vp [L. euentu tristia]. 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 1 In the wynding vp of your Letter written and directed to Doctour Turner. 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 44 The winding vp of this worke, called the Supplement, &c. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 879 If they would but expect the winding up of things, and stay till the last Close. 1705 R. Cromwell Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1898) XIII. 123 The winding up of your bottom will be more pleasing. 1782 in Mme. D'Arblay's Diary (1904) II. 97 My warm approbation of the whole work [‘Cecilia’] together:..the winding up beyond all compare, more happy, [etc.]. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. iv. vi. 142 She..detailed the progress of the plot to the winding up of the catastrophe. 1824 Countess Granville Lett. (1894) I. 271 The Hague season is nearly over, and a ball on Thursday is almost the winding up. 1853 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay I. 242 The year 1782 brought that war to its winding up. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 413/1 Winding-up Act. 1875 Economist 30 Jan. 131/2 The shareholders are asked to oppose the projected winding-up. 1895 Times 19 Jan. 15/6 A winding-up order having recently been made against this company. II. That which winds or is wound. 8. a. An object that winds or is wound round; a coil or coiled object; †a curved, circular, or twining pattern, ornament, piece of material, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [noun] > coiled object wreathOE windingc1050 the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s) > thing having windingc1050 tortuosity1646 vermiculation1670 worm1702 crinkum-crankum1766 wriggle1825 serpentine1885 the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > [noun] > laying or wrapping in shroud > shroud sheetc1000 sendala1300 sudaryc1380 winding-clotha1400 winding-sheetc1420 kellc1425 sindonc1500 shroud1570 shrouding sheet1576 cerement1604 church cloth1639 socking-sheet1691 death cloth1699 sow1763 windinga1825 burial-cloth1876 negligée1927 c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 505/24 Plecta, windonge. [Cf. 471/1 Plectas, gewind.] 1356 in Pipe Roll 32 Edw. III, m. 33/2 (P.R.O.) ij. Exeronges, xxiiij. Wyndynges, ij. naues, ij. lynces. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings vii. 29 Betwen þe litle crownys and wyndyngis: leowns & oxen & cherubyn. 1486 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 244 iij. wyndynges of iren aboute a ledder. 1555 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 183 Wroughte with white partye payned barwyse wyndinge which was taken owte of the borders of hanginges. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 7) 151 Those who are alreadie clasped in the windings of this sinne. 1645 J. Milton Arcades in Poems 54 To nurse the Saplings tall, and curl the grove With Ringlets quaint, and wanton windings wove. 1699 T. Baker Refl. Learning ix. 102 A Man must see the folds and windings of a knot before he can unty it. 1764 J. Ferguson Lect. Select Subj. iii. 43 The winch..must turn the cylinder once round before the weight or resistance..can be moved from one spiral winding to another. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) (at cited word) In Suffolk the flannel, which is wound round a corpse, is called a winding. b. An electric conductor that is wound round a magnetic material, esp. (a) a coil encircling part of the stator or rotor of an electric motor or generator, or an assembly of such coils connected to form one circuit; (b) one forming part of a transformer. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > dynamo > [noun] > conductor winding1888 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > transformer > [noun] > conductor winding1947 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > generator > [noun] > conductor winding1962 1888 S. P. Thompson Dynamo-electr. Machinery (ed. 2) xii. 259 If the successive sections are to be connected up consecutively, then they must be wound..alternately with right-handed and left-handed windings. 1947 R. Lee Electronic Transformers & Circuits v. 141 In step-down transformers the capacitance may be regarded as existing mainly across the primary winding; in step-up transformers, across the secondary winding. 1962 Newnes Conc. Encycl. Electr. Engin. 894/1 The simplest type of winding is a field coil around a salient pole.., the coil comprising a number of turns (between one and several thousand) of wire or strip. 1979 Nasar & Unnewehr Electromechanics & Electric Machines iii. 67 Transformer windings are constructed of solid or stranded copper or aluminum conductors. 9. A curved, sinuous, or meandering line, path, passage, or the like; esp. plural meanderings, twists and turns. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s) folda1250 windinga1387 wrinkling1387 revolution?a1425 wrinkle1430 crink1567 crank1572 cringle-crangle1573 crinkle1596 crankle1598 crinkle-crankle1598 meander1603 anfractuosity1612 ins and outs1655 sinuationa1676 insinuationa1684 anfractus1719 sinuosity1720 flexuosity1737 evolution1765 cringle1808 wriggle1825 voluminosity1841 squiggle1902 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course > instance of or a winding course windinga1387 anfractus?a1425 ambage1537 crank1572 error1594 indenture1598 maze1598 meander1631 circumvolution1633 anfracture1657 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 9 Þis matir, as laborintus, Dedalus hous, haþ many..wyndynges and wrynkelynges. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. vi. C v b/1 Tygris..passith in to y^e redde see after many turnynges & wyndynges. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wyndynges and turnynges, amfractus. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. v. v. 94 Berenice standeth upon the utmost winding and nouke of Syrtis. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) iv. 1084 The wards, or windings of the key. 1631 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 50 A little skin in the lowest winding, or turning of the eare. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 5 Fetching several Compasses and Windings. 1788 W. Cowper Dog & Water Lily 28 I..follow'd long The windings of the stream. 1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 295 A loud shriek That shook along the windings of the cave. 1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 134/2 That action by which the aliments are carried through the windings of the intestinal canal. 1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. 277 The number of windings of the wire between any two small circles. 10. A flexible rod or withy (obsolete or dialect); †esp. (collective singular or plural) the rods or withies used in making or repairing walls; hence, the process involving their use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > [noun] > building walls > in specific way winding1405 studwork1768 stoothing1788 hearting1858 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > willow > twig or rod of osierc1175 wanda1300 persha1398 withya1400 wicker14.. winding1405 withe1465 yedder1512 writhe1552 writh1810 skein1837 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > stick, twig, or rod > for other uses winding1405 hoop-pole1645 hoop-stick1678 rack-stick1821 long small1852 frithles1881 1405–6 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 222 Cariantibus stramen ad tecturam, 2s. It. pro adquisicione de wyndyng, 15d. 1474–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 289 In le dalbyng et le wyndyng interclose wallez, sydewallez, gawellez. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxix^v With the wynding of the edderynges thou dost lose thy stakes. 1550 in T. Wright Churchwardens' Accts. Ludlow (1869) 44 Item, to John James for wyndynge and dawbynge ther..viij d. 1599 Order Bk. Hartlebury Gram. School (1904) 24 It'm..for windinge and dawbinge of the church howse. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. iv. 387 To make windings to bind vines. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xiv. 555 The manner of making walls, by dawbing windings and hurdles with mud and clay. 1649 Order Bk. Hartlebury Gram. School (1904) 72 For poules for studds ease poules and windings and carriadge of them o 6 o. 1674 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words Vrith, Eththerings or windings of hedges. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xiv. 19/2 Thatchers Termes... Windings, twigs that will bend. 1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 ii. 281 Farmers find posts and rails cheaper..than the old system of ‘stake and rice’. Note. Called ‘cock-guard’ in some parts; in others ‘winding’. 1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Weindins, the boughs which are interwoven with the stakes used to shore up the bank of a stream. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 4.) † winding blade n. Obsolete blade n. 10c. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 184 Vnes tournettes, a payre of wyndynge blades to wynde yarne upon. winding-loft n. ΚΠ 1846 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 6th Ser. 197 The tarred haul then passes into the ‘winding-loft’, where it is wound..upon bobbins. winding-machine n. ΚΠ 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 422 The two winding-machines may also be driven by the endless rope. winding machinery n. ΚΠ 1855 D. T. Ansted in Orr's Circle Sci.: Inorg. Nature 248 Disarrangement of the winding machinery. winding master n. ΚΠ ?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 68 Cotton Mill:..Winding Room... Winding Master. winding room n. ΚΠ 1336Wyndyngrop [see winding baly n. at Compounds 1b]. 1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 165 The winding room, where the women sit some twenty deep in rank after rank by the side of the benches. 1913 Times 7 Aug. 4/4 [He] denied that he ever smoked in the ‘winding’ or operating rooms. † winding stool n. Obsolete stool n. 6. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 289/1 Wyndyng stole, tournette. b. (In sense 5, esp. in nautical and mining use.) winding accident n. ΚΠ 1895 Catholic News 14 Sept. 3 Two terrible winding accidents occurred in mines in Rhondda Valley. † winding baly n. Obsolete (apparently = bail n.⁵, bucket.) ΚΠ 1336 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/19/31) m. 5 In .ij. Wyndi [n] gbalies emptis ad eandem [galeam]... Et in ij petris corde de canabo emptis pro Wyndyngrop. winding engine n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > winch or capstan windas1293 wind1399 windlassc1400 fern1546 stow?1549 capstock1551 winch1577 draw-beam1585 wind-beam1585 winder1585 capstring1609 crab1627 guindall1628 gin1632 Jack1686 screw engine1688 twirl1688 moulineta1706 jack roll1708 wind-lifta1734 whim1738 stowce1747 whim-engine1759 macaroni gin1789 whimsy1789 winze1839 jack roller1843 wink1847 winding engine1858 fusee-windlass1874 come-along1891 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Winding-engine, an engine for drawing up buckets, etc. from a well or shaft. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Winding-engine,..a hoisting steam-engine. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Engine. winding-engineman n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > one who works specific mining equipment sump man1825 pipeman1863 pumpman1902 winding-engineman1904 1904 Daily Chron. 23 Apr. 6/4 A terrible calamity was averted at the Navigation Colliery..by the heroism..of the winding engineman. winding-gear n. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Winding-gear, an English term for the winding-machine for mines. † winding hawser n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) D/2 j Wyndyng hauncer. 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 36 Smalle Warps,..Hawsers,..Wyndyng hausers. winding hour n. ΚΠ 1893 Daily News 4 May 2/1 In South Wales the winding hours were 9½ to 10 hours on four days in the week. † winding iron n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1420 in For. Acc. 3 Hen. VI F/2 dorso (P.R.O.) Wyndyng [i] rone. winding pit n. † winding-pulley n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) D/1^v j Ketille j Fane et Wyndyngpoley. winding-rope n. ΚΠ 1424 For. Acc. 59 m. 22 dorso (P.R.O.) j hausere pro wyndyngrope. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Ropes, the ropes by which a cage, chair,..&c., are raised and lowered in a pit-shaft. winding shaft n. ΚΠ 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Winding Shaft or Pit, the pit-shaft used chiefly for winding purposes. winding tackle n. ΚΠ 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 115 The winding tackle is thus fitted: a great double block with three sheevers in it, which is fast seased to the end of a small cabell, which is brought about the head of the mast, and so serves for a pendant [etc.]. 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services 116 Winding Tackle blocks. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Winding-tackle pendant, a strong rope made fast to the lower mast-head, and forming the support of the winding-tackle. winding time n. ΚΠ 1908 Daily Chron. 10 Dec. 5/7 Both winding times are to be excluded from the calculation of eight hours. winding wheel n. ΚΠ 1675 in J. C. Jeaffreson Middlesex County Rec. (1892) IV. 61 Unam rotam Harpedon anglice vocatam a winding wheele. c. (In sense 6.) winding button n. ΚΠ 1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 71 A contrate wheel squared on to the stem of the winding button. winding hole n. ΚΠ 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xx. 240/1 On[e] thick gut string, which is played upon with a long Bow or Base Viol stick at the head of it a little below the winding hole. winding pinion n. ΚΠ 1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 337/1 Examine the winding-pinion depth, to see that it is neither too deep nor shallow. winding square n. ΚΠ 1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 112 The position of the fusees [is indicated] by the winding squares. winding wheel n. ΚΠ 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 240 The operation of throwing the winding wheels out of action. C2. † winding band n. [band n.² 5] Obsolete a bandage. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun] swathec1050 blood benda1250 blood bandc1300 bondc1384 whip1504 trusser1519 swath-band1556 swaddlea1569 winding band1582 deligature1583 ligation1598 bandage1599 fettle1599 ligament1599 selvage1599 swathe1615 swaddlings1623 anadesm1658 fasciation1658 girt1676 platysma1684 flannels1723 fillet1802 sealing1862 1582 Bible (Rheims) John xi. 44 Bound feete and handes with winding bandes. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 262/2 Fascia,..a swathing cloth or winding band to..tye vp wounds. winding sticks n. two equal pieces of wood with straight parallel edges used to determine whether a surface is true (cf. 3). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > instrument for checking markings straight-edge1812 surface plate1822 winding sticks1823 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 255 Winding Sticks are always used in pairs. winding strips n. = winding sticks n. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022). windingn.² /ˈwɪndɪŋ//ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/ Etymology: < wind v.² + -ing suffix¹. The action of blowing or making a blast, chiefly of horns. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > [noun] > sound of wind instruments > sound of horn motc1330 windingc1500 gibbet1590 tra-ra1849 rattle1889 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > [noun] > playing horn tutlyng1487 windingc1500 the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > [noun] > producing blast or current of air blowing1495 blasting1535 winding1605 c1500 in Grose's Antiquarian Repertory (1809) IV. 407 To myche wyndinge of the pipis is not the best. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. vii. 138 That renuing is to be attributed to the fire—the outward ventilation or winding comming between as the instrument. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 58 At the winding of a horne. 1670 Caveat to Conventiclers 2 This dreadful appearance..was ushered in by the winding of Hornes. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. v. i. 266 A confused Noise of the opening of Hounds, the winding of Horns [etc.]. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. x. 247 The winding of horns and the galloping of horse. 1940 W. de la Mare Pleasures & Speculations 48 The first windings of the Last Trump. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022). windingn.³ Etymology: < wind v.³ + -ing suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈwinding. The action or process of wind v.³ ː winnowing. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > winnowing winnowing?c1225 windinga1500 vanning1552 fanning1577 eventilation1658 ventilation1658 exaceration1676 dightinga1774 wimming1825 a1500 Promptorium Parvulorum 529/1 Wynewynge, wythe wyynd (K., P. wyndynge), ventilacio. 1548 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) II. 136 Ane bathsket with windinclaith syf ryddill sek and peyk. 1578 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 783/1 The beir granell, malt barne and windinhous. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 74/1 Winnowing, Winding or Haveing. 1733 E. Budgell Bee No. 7. I. 293 Their Mother coming home presently after from winding of Corn, affrighted at this tragical Scene, threw the winding Cloth which she had in her Hand into the Cradle where the youngest Child was asleep, and smother'd it unawares. 1891 R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland, Devonshire at Wind Although winnin' or windin' by hand is nearly obsolete, some farms have still a Windin'-place, a spot of high ground where it was performed. 1919 R. P. Chope Some Old Farm Implem. 24 [Devonshire] the ‘machine fan’, or winding-van. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2019). windingadj.¹ /ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/ Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -ing suffix². That winds, in various senses. 1. That follows a sinuous course, takes or has a curvilinear form, or is full of bends and turns. a. Of a staircase: Spiral. Chiefly in winding stairs (sometimes hyphenated). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [adjective] > types of staircase winding1530 half-paced1603 dogleg1671 newelled1677 flighted1929 low-rise1951 open-tread1960 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 158 Vne vis, a wyndingstayre. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong at Noyau A paire of winding staires. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxxv. 141 A round Tribunal, whereunto one ascended by fifteen winding stairs. 1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 153 These Winding steps are made about a solid Newel. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1654 (1955) III. 114 A paire of artificial winding-stayres of stone. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 22 You may go up to the top by a winding staircase that is within it. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 191 Having finished the first flight of steps, fix the top of the first bearer for the winding-tread. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. liii. 96 She left the chapel..and coming to a low door, which plainly led into the tower, opened it, and climbed the winding stair. b. Of plants or their parts, lines or figures, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having many or winding curves tortivous14.. anfractuous?a1425 tortuous1426 tortuea1500 snakish1532 winding1538 wormy1545 boughty1570 wriggled1572 sinuous1578 serpent-likea1586 crankled1594 serpent1597 snaky1600 flexuous1605 snaking1605 cringle-crangle1606 voluminous1611 serpenting?1614 serpentine1615 curvy1623 serpentizing1628 worming1631 lacinious1648 anguineous1656 anguine1657 anfractuose1680 twisting1683 vermicular1712 worm-like1721 flexuose1727 meandering1748 crinkum-crankum1766 serpentiform1777 serpentining1799 anguiform1800 ophite1828 tortuose1829 cranky1836 sinuose1836 serpentile1857 twisty1857 sinuated1859 vermiculatea1864 twinyc1868 tortive1880 crinkle-crankle1881 serpentinous1882 quirky1890 twistical1890 waggly1894 wriggly1901 squiggly1902 wiggly1903 contortionate1911 wig-waggy1914 curvaceous1965 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Vimineus, wyckers, wyndynge roddes, or osyars. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 41^v A payre of windynge prickes. 1552–3 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 137 Wynding plate abowte hedd peces. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 34 The stalke is sclender, wyndyng, with claspes about such plantes as are next hym. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 78 If his necke be winding and weake (as if it were broken). 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 193 It was ordained, that this Winding-Iuie of a Plantagenet, should kill the true Tree it selfe. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 127 The winding Trail Of Bears-foot. View more context for this quotation 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 9 Of involved winding Lines it is not necessary to speak. 1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (rev. ed.) App. p. xli Thus you may mark a winding figure with a thread on a rocket. 1822 J. Parkinson Outl. Oryctol. 163 The chambers separated by winding septa. 1836 Penny Cycl. V. 230/2 Many of the sheep have upright winding horns. c. Of the course or outline of natural features, roads, passages, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adjective] > bending or winding winding1555 straying1585 crankling1596 meandrian1608 tortive1609 meandered1612 serpentine1615 snailing1615 meandering1617 meandrous1639 meandric1658 wandering1667 wimpling1721 spiral1796 circumvolutory1834 wormy1869 twistering1872 twistified1872 twistical1890 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [adjective] > winding ambagious1592 zigzagging1827 bendy1885 winding1890 screwy1891 windy1972 1555 R. Eden tr. S. von Herberstein Rerum moscouiticarum commentarii in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 303^v Saylynge alonge by the coaste of a wyndynge and bendynge shore. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 618 Wy with a crooked and winding streame rolleth downe by Whitney. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. vii. 31 And so by many winding nookes he straies. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 92 A winding Vally. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 294 Megara's winding Bay. 1791 W. Cowper Four Ages 8 Taking my lonely winding walk, I mus'd. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. vi. 167 The winding mountains, at length, shut Udolpho from her view. 1878 J. Buller Forty Years N.Z. i. ii. 27 The river is winding in its course. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer xiii He could rattle five horses and a loaded coach in and out of the creeks and winding bush tracks. d. Of animals or their movements. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > [adjective] > moving sinuously writhing?1561 serpent-likea1586 wringling1596 winding1613 writhy1743 sinuous1897 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [adjective] > moving in winding course crangling1608 winding1613 glomerating1634 mazy1726 zigzag1752 zigzagging1827 switchback1887 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage i. v. 20 He windes himselfe into this winding Beast, disposing the Serpents tongue to speake to the woman. 1631 F. Quarles Hist. Samson iv. 20 The suck-egge Weasell, and the Winding Swallow. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 243 Twice round his waste their [sc. the serpents'] winding Volumes rowl'd. 1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) III. xii. 73 Thou..dost not know the joys of the chase, and in pursuing a winding game. 1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 118 Swallows check their winding flight. †e. Pliant, bending. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] tougha700 lithyc1000 softc1330 weak?a1366 plianta1382 persha1398 plyinga1398 lithec1400 supplec1400 plicable?a1425 curvable?1440 lethec1440 scretec1440 pliablec1475 bowable1483 bowing1483 waldinc1485 supple1513 flexible1548 limber1565 lither1565 bending1567 osier1577 wiry1588 buxom1590 withy1598 suppliable1599 renderingc1600 fluxible1607 winding1609 bendable1611 flippant1622 flexive1629 flexile1633 maniable1633 compliant1667 flectible1705 limp1706 yieldy1757 complying1774 limberly1782 willowy1791 switchy1810 wandy1825 twistable1853 bendsome1861 whippy1867 swack1868 bendy1873 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 192 Feathers and delicat winding beds [L. pluma & flexiles lectuli]. 2. figurative. †a. Tortuous, crooked, wily. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adjective] > tortuous winding1594 tortuous1801 unstraightforward1887 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiii. 204 A man doubtlesse winding and craftie. 1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 241 For all his winding wit and wrangling about this place. 1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. iii. 76 Old, winding, bragging, testy, crafty fox. 1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. vii. 245 Jupiter..was represented Horned, because of his Winding Oracles. b. Of a narrative: Circuitous, rambling. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [adjective] > discursive or digressive digressinga1535 exorbitant1534 discursive1598 solute1605 digressive?1611 excursive1673 rimble-ramble1690 land-loping1694 digressionary1741 parenthetic1782 uncentral1782 digressional1785 parenthetical1814 discursative1819 discursory1830 episodic1867 winding1887 a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) iv. v. 37 The winding laborinth of thy straunge discourse Will nere haue end.] 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 87 The grief is a winding story and long. 1923 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 Jan. 9/2 The long and winding narrative. Derivatives ˈwindingly adv. in a winding manner, circuitously, with twists and turns. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adverb] > off the direct line > bendingly or windingly a-crooka1387 acrooka1387 crooked1545 windingly1576 bendingly1658 serpentinely1762 tortuously1839 meanderingly1865 snakily1870 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [adverb] > not in a straight course > in a winding course aboutOE aboutsa1387 windingly1576 zigzag1754 mazily1845 zag1906 zigzaggedly1921 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iv. f. 215^v The pype..doth ascende right vp, and not as in the others windingly. 1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. 47 A riuer, that windingly creepeth with many wauy turnings. 1818 Ld. Byron Beppo xxxiv. 20 Where the green alleys windingly allure. 1877 R. D. Blackmore Erema xiv The long descent into the depth of winter is..taken..gently, and softly, and windingly, with a great many glimpses back at the summer. ˈwindingness n. circuitous or meandering form. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > winding curve(s) > quality or condition sinuosity1597 tortuosity1603 flexuosity1611 flexure1628 sinuousness1684 windingness1730 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum at Tortuousness Windingness or the Turning in and out. 1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 134/1 There should be good in the stream's windingness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online March 2022). windingadj.² (in sense 1)Brit. /ˈwʌɪndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/ (in sense 2)Brit. /ˈwɪndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈwɪndɪŋ/ Etymology: < wind v.² + -ing suffix². 1. Of a horn: That is winded. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > [adjective] > sound of wind instruments > sound of horn tooting1652 winding1735 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > [adjective] > playing horn winding1735 1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 402 The winding Horn, and Huntsman's Voice, Let loose the gen'ral Chorus. 2. That ‘winds’ one; taking one's breath away. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective] > causing weariness or exhaustion > other spec. crushing1577 breathing1684 punishing1833 winding1842 gruelling1852 costing1900 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy ix The drunken man at least gave some tokens of returning consciousness by making several winding blows at his benefactors. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c1050n.²c1500n.³a1500adj.¹1530adj.²1735
随便看	anisyl anisylic anither anitya anteportico anteposition antepost anteposthumous anteprandial antepredicament antepredicamental anter antereformation antereformational anteresurrection anterevolutional anterevolutionary antergic antergism anteriad anterior anterior commissure anterior crystalloid anterior fontanelle anterior mediastinum

windingn.1

Compounds

windingn.2

windingn.3

windingadj.1

Derivatives

windingadj.2

windingn.¹

windingn.²

windingn.³

windingadj.¹

windingadj.²