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单词 by oneself
释义

> as lemmas

by oneself (himself, themselves, etc.)
a. by oneself (himself, themselves, etc.): in one's own company, to the exclusion of any one else; hence, apart from others, without companion; alone, singly, in isolation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > condition of being alone > [adverb] > by oneself
by oneself (himself, themselves, etc.)eOE
myself one (also alone)a1300
of oneselfc1450
sole1450
post alone1478
solely1495
high-lone1533
myselfc1540
lone1613
solus cum solo1742
on one's ownio1908
on one's Pat Malone1908
on one's lonely(-o)1919
on one's ownsome1921
on one's jack1931
on one's tod1934
eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) (2009) I. xxii. 489 Ne mæg nan oðru gesceaft be him selfum bion.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 821 Sone summ he cuþe ben. Himm ane bi himm sellfenn.
c1300 St. Dunstan (Harl.) l. 186 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 39 Þat folc ihurde alle Hou þe harpe song al bi him silf þer he hong bi þe walle.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Gal. ii. 2 The gospel, the which I preche among hethene men; forsoth a sydis hond, or by hem silf.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12834 He fand his cosin Ion, In wildernes bi him allan.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 222 Noght from his owene bed but ten foot or twelue His doghter hadde a bed al by hir selue Right in the same chambre by and by.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 564 Aȝens this..is maad a book bi him silf clepid The book of faith.
1559 Bp. Cox in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. vi. 99 Weigh this matter by your self.
1573 J. Partridge Treasurie Commodious Conceits xxix. sig. C.vj This wise you may make Marmylade of Wardens, Peares, apples, & Medlars, Seruits or Checkers, strawberys euery one by himselfe.
1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 17 b It is dailie seene that a man being by himselfe is fearefull, and being in companie, is couragious.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. i. 13 Britaine's a world By it selfe. View more context for this quotation
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 26. ¶1 I very often walk by myself in Westminster Abbey.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 302. ⁋11 My husband and I were sitting all alone by our selves.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. xiii. 225 We may as well leave them by themselves. View more context for this quotation
1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 467 Look at each statement by itself without regard to the other statements.
1889 G. Saintsbury Ess. Eng. Lit. (1891) 65 If Hogg in some lucky moment did really ‘write it all by himself’, as the children say.
extracted from byprep.adv.
by oneself
b. This blends with other senses (esp. 33) in by oneself: by one's own power, without assistance, independently; of one's own motion or authority, spontaneously.
ΚΠ
a1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) vii. 17 Hwæðer þe ic be me sylfum spece.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xx. 140 The paume..haþ power by hym-self, Oþer-wise þan þe wrythen fust.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. 194 Ȝif thei abyden to dyen be hem self, as nature wolde.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 14 Tyll she be stronge to goo by her-self.
1711 London Gaz. No. 4794/2 The Battalions..charg'd by their own selves.
1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §233 Going like a clock or a machine by itself.
extracted from byprep.adv.
by oneself
b. Apart from, away from. by oneself: beside oneself, out of one's wits. Scottish.
ΚΠ
1600 Gowrie's Conspir. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 339 The young gentleman..was become somewhat by himselfe, which his Maiestie conjectured..by his..vncouth stairing.
1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 158 He..monie a day was by himsel, He was sae sairly frighted.
1832 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 32 644 Surely we're by ourselves, to speak this open blasphemy.
extracted from byprep.adv.
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