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单词 y chromosome
释义

Y chromosomen.

Brit. /ˈwʌɪ ˌkrəʊməsəʊm/, U.S. /ˈwaɪ ˌkroʊməˌsoʊm/
Forms: Also † y chromosome.
Etymology: Y n. 4b.
Genetics.
A sex chromosome which occurs in only one of the sexes (in man and other mammals, the male) or in some species is absent altogether, its presence or absence in the zygote determining in man and many other species the sex of the organism.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome
chromoplastid1885
accessory chromosome1899
chromoplast1902
X1902
heterochromosome1904
idiochromosome1905
macrochromosome1905
allosome1906
autosome1906
monosome1906
sex chromosome1906
supernumerary1907
X chromosome1911
Y chromosome1911
univalent1912
euchromosome1914
W1917
monosome1921
tetrasome1921
trisome1921
heterosome1938
isochromosome1939
trisomic1939
metacentric1945
acrocentric1949
polycentric1953
Philadelphia chromosome1961
monocentric1979
1911 Biol. Bull. Jan. 119 We have associated the X and Y chromosomes of the male with sex-determination, but possibly they have some other meaning.
1933 R. H. Wolcott Animal Biol. lxxiii. 537 In fowls and in moths females have either one x-chromosome or both an x-chromosome and a y-chromosome, while the males have the two x-chromosomes.
1965 R. P. Morehead Human Pathol. vi. 170/1 Proved cases of mutation involving the Y chromosome are extremely rare... As Y chromosomes occur only in males, the characteristic pedigree of such mutations should contain only affected males, never affected females, and all affected males should transmit the defect to all their sons.
1974 P. Cave Dirtiest Picture Postcard x. 57 You've buttonholed me to give me long and boring lectures upon Germaine Greer, the faulty Y chromosome and the drudgeries of housework and child~bearing.
1982 Nature 2 Dec. 404/2 When a Y chromosome is present the foetal gonad, which has the potential to become either ovary or testis, differentiates into a testis and, when absent, into an ovary... Recent genetic analysis shows that this first step is not as simple as first thought and appears to be controlled by an interaction between autosomal genes and a gene(s) on the Y chromosome, for normal male differentiation.
1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics ii. 72 In grasshoppers and other insects of the order Orthoptera..there is usually no Y-chromosome. The females are XX and the males just X.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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