† wrother-healn.int.adv.

Forms:

α. early Middle English wraðel heale (transmission error), early Middle English wraðer heale, early Middle English wraðer-heale, early Middle English wraðere heale, early Middle English wraðere hele, early Middle English wraðerheale, early Middle English wroðere hele, Middle English wratherhale (northern), Middle English wretherale (northern), Middle English wretherhele (northern), Middle English wrother hele, Middle English wrotherhele, Middle English wroþer hele, Middle English wroþer hole, Middle English wroþer-hele, Middle English wroþere heale, Middle English wroþere hele, Middle English wroþerhale, Middle English wroþerhele.

β. Middle English wrothe-haile, Middle English wroþe hele, Middle English wroþehele.

γ. chiefly northern Middle English wrather-hail, Middle English wratherhail, Middle English wrathir-hayle, Middle English wraþer haile, Middle English wreþer hail, Middle English wrother-hayl, Middle English wrother-hayle, Middle English wrotherayle, Middle English wrotherhail, Middle English wrotherhayl, Middle English wrotherhayle, Middle English wrothir-haile, Middle English wrothire hayle, Middle English wroþer hayl, Middle English wroþer haylle, Middle English wroþer heyl, Middle English wroþerheile.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English *(tō) wrāþre hǣle.

Etymology: Apparently the reflex of an unattested Old English phrase *(tō) wrāþre hǣle < tō to prep. + wrāþre , dative singular feminine of wrāþ wroth adj. + hǣle , dative singular of hǣlu heal n. Compare goder-heal adv., goder-heal n., and also (to) evil hele at heal n. 2c, evil hail at hail n.² 2, ill hail at hail n.² 2.Although the dative feminine ending was used rarely and with a very restricted range of lexical items in 13th-cent. texts (compare e.g. the discussion, with examples, in the etymology at all adj.), the phrase was probably still at least partly transparent in earlier Middle English: compare alteration of the second element after hail n.² in northern sources, as shown by the γ. forms; northern Middle English illerhayle , illir haile , showing alteration of ill hail at hail n.² 2 after the present word; and also the following instance (from a text where the dative singular feminine ending is preserved quite frequently), probably showing insertion of a possessive adjective (if not simply a transmission error: compare quot. c1560 at sense A. 1a):c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 247 Mid þræte he spilede. To wroþer heore hele [c1300 Otho to wroþere hele] habbeð heo such werc i-don.The relatively late attestation of the β. forms makes it more likely that they show an alteration after wroth adj. rather than a direct continuation of the original phrase with the usual loss of the dative singular feminine ending. Word division in Middle English examples frequently reflects editorial choices of modern editors of texts, rather than the practice of the manuscripts. The form wroþer hole at α. forms probably shows a reverse spelling for wroþerhale (attested in the same manuscript), itself probably showing alteration after hale adj. (compare hale n.²).

Obsolete.

A. n. (and int.)

1. to wrother heal.

a. With disastrous results; with misfortune, harm, or destruction; unfortunately, calamitously.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > unfortunately [phrase] > disastrously

wrother healc1175

to wrother healc1225

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 151 Þu schalt on alre earst, as on ernesse swa beon ibeaten wið bittere besmen, þet tu weren wummon of wummone bosum to wraðer heale eauer iboren iþe worlde.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14750 Þer heo iwurðen to to wraðere hele [c1300 Otho wroþere heale].

c1300 Pilate (Harl.) l. 187 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 116 He swor his more oþ anon þat he to wroþere hele þer com.

c1390 King of Tars (Vernon) l. 125 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 36 Sertes he schal be forswore Or to wroþehele þan he was bore, Bote he hit þer to bring.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2570 Margan..wrouht himself to wroþerheile [a1450 Lamb. wroþer haylle].

a1475 (?a1350) Seege Troye (Harl.) (1927) l. 412 And if þou were not a mesyngere, Too wrother hele [a1400 Egerton In euyl tyme, a1425 Linc. Inn eouel hayl] com þou here.

c1560 (a1500) Squyr Lowe Degre (Copland) l. 299 Alas! it tourned to wroth her heyle [read wrother heyle].

b. With a personal pronoun in the dative case: to (a person's) ruin or harm.

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 396 Þe ich font & habbe ifolhet me to wraðer heale.

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 54 Ga ut as dude..iacobes dohter to himmere heile, hire to wraðer heale [?c1225 Cleo. Iacobes dochter to himmereheale, a1250 Nero iacobes douhter to wroðere hele].

a1425 (?a1350) Gospel of Nicodemus (Galba) (1907) l. 695 What raf þe vayl þat in ȝowre temple hang? vs all to wrotherhail [?c1450 Sion Coll. London illerhayle].

c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 4260 He sayled In with a feble sayl And þat was him to wrotherhayl.

c. With following noun: to the misfortune of (the specified person or thing); disastrously for.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 7282 So þat harald was king to wroþerhele þe kinedom.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 20 In-to [emended in ed. to out of] wrong heo wox to wroþerhele monye.

a1500 (?a1400) Firumbras (1935) l. 429 To wrotherhayl that tyme that euer he was bore!

2. Destruction, ruin; harm; disaster. Also as int.

c1330 Roland & Vernagu (Auch.) (1882) l. 532 (MED) Charls bi-þouȝt þo, Ȝif he sent mo, It were him wroþer hele.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 2527 It had bien wroþerheile if he ne had went belyue.

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 3154 (MED) Towrres he turnes and turmentez þe pople; Wroghte wedewes fulle wlonke ‘wrotherayle’ syngen..and wryngen theire handis.

a1500 (?a1400) Firumbras (1935) l. 807 (MED) Wrotherhayle..that tyme that sche was borne!

B. adv.

With disastrous results; unfortunately; calamitously.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adverb]

evil971

unsellyc1275

chancefully1303

wrother-heala1325

badlyc1325

illc1325

ungraciouslyc1330

unhappilyc1374

evil haila1400

infortunately1442

shame to saya1450

ill haila1500

unluckily1530

unfortunately1548

unluckly1573

bad1575

haplessly1582

disasterly1593

lucklessly1596

untowardly1649

misfortunatelya1686

askew1858

a1325 St. Matthew (Corpus Cambr.) l. 140 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 402 He miȝte segge wroþer hele he willede after wiue For wel sone þere afterward musel he bicom.

c1330 (?c1300) Speculum Guy (Auch.) (1898) l. 129 Wroþer hele was Iudas born, For þurw þat sinne he was lorn.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16477 Ful wrather-hail to min bihoue haf i tan þis mone.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1759 Þou sekis fraward Sichim þi-selfe wrothir-haile.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wrother-heal
释义	† wrother-healn.int.adv. Forms: α. early Middle English wraðel heale (transmission error), early Middle English wraðer heale, early Middle English wraðer-heale, early Middle English wraðere heale, early Middle English wraðere hele, early Middle English wraðerheale, early Middle English wroðere hele, Middle English wratherhale (northern), Middle English wretherale (northern), Middle English wretherhele (northern), Middle English wrother hele, Middle English wrotherhele, Middle English wroþer hele, Middle English wroþer hole, Middle English wroþer-hele, Middle English wroþere heale, Middle English wroþere hele, Middle English wroþerhale, Middle English wroþerhele. β. Middle English wrothe-haile, Middle English wroþe hele, Middle English wroþehele. γ. chiefly northern Middle English wrather-hail, Middle English wratherhail, Middle English wrathir-hayle, Middle English wraþer haile, Middle English wreþer hail, Middle English wrother-hayl, Middle English wrother-hayle, Middle English wrotherayle, Middle English wrotherhail, Middle English wrotherhayl, Middle English wrotherhayle, Middle English wrothir-haile, Middle English wrothire hayle, Middle English wroþer hayl, Middle English wroþer haylle, Middle English wroþer heyl, Middle English wroþerheile. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English (tō) wrāþre hǣle. Etymology: Apparently the reflex of an unattested Old English phrase (tō) wrāþre hǣle < tō to prep. + wrāþre , dative singular feminine of wrāþ wroth adj. + hǣle , dative singular of hǣlu heal n. Compare goder-heal adv., goder-heal n., and also (to) evil hele at heal n. 2c, evil hail at hail n.² 2, ill hail at hail n.² 2.Although the dative feminine ending was used rarely and with a very restricted range of lexical items in 13th-cent. texts (compare e.g. the discussion, with examples, in the etymology at all adj.), the phrase was probably still at least partly transparent in earlier Middle English: compare alteration of the second element after hail n.² in northern sources, as shown by the γ. forms; northern Middle English illerhayle , illir haile , showing alteration of ill hail at hail n.² 2 after the present word; and also the following instance (from a text where the dative singular feminine ending is preserved quite frequently), probably showing insertion of a possessive adjective (if not simply a transmission error: compare quot. c1560 at sense A. 1a):c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 247 Mid þræte he spilede. To wroþer heore hele [c1300 Otho to wroþere hele] habbeð heo such werc i-don.The relatively late attestation of the β. forms makes it more likely that they show an alteration after wroth adj. rather than a direct continuation of the original phrase with the usual loss of the dative singular feminine ending. Word division in Middle English examples frequently reflects editorial choices of modern editors of texts, rather than the practice of the manuscripts. The form wroþer hole at α. forms probably shows a reverse spelling for wroþerhale (attested in the same manuscript), itself probably showing alteration after hale adj. (compare hale n.²). Obsolete. A. n. (and int.) 1. to wrother heal. a. With disastrous results; with misfortune, harm, or destruction; unfortunately, calamitously. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > unfortunately [phrase] > disastrously wrother healc1175 to wrother healc1225 c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 151 Þu schalt on alre earst, as on ernesse swa beon ibeaten wið bittere besmen, þet tu weren wummon of wummone bosum to wraðer heale eauer iboren iþe worlde. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14750 Þer heo iwurðen to to wraðere hele [c1300 Otho wroþere heale]. c1300 Pilate (Harl.) l. 187 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 116 He swor his more oþ anon þat he to wroþere hele þer com. c1390 King of Tars (Vernon) l. 125 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 36 Sertes he schal be forswore Or to wroþehele þan he was bore, Bote he hit þer to bring. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2570 Margan..wrouht himself to wroþerheile [a1450 Lamb. wroþer haylle]. a1475 (?a1350) Seege Troye (Harl.) (1927) l. 412 And if þou were not a mesyngere, Too wrother hele [a1400 Egerton In euyl tyme, a1425 Linc. Inn eouel hayl] com þou here. c1560 (a1500) Squyr Lowe Degre (Copland) l. 299 Alas! it tourned to wroth her heyle [read wrother heyle]. b. With a personal pronoun in the dative case: to (a person's) ruin or harm. Π c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 396 Þe ich font & habbe ifolhet me to wraðer heale. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 54 Ga ut as dude..iacobes dohter to himmere heile, hire to wraðer heale [?c1225 Cleo. Iacobes dochter to himmereheale, a1250 Nero iacobes douhter to wroðere hele]. a1425 (?a1350) Gospel of Nicodemus (Galba) (1907) l. 695 What raf þe vayl þat in ȝowre temple hang? vs all to wrotherhail [?c1450 Sion Coll. London illerhayle]. c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 4260 He sayled In with a feble sayl And þat was him to wrotherhayl. c. With following noun: to the misfortune of (the specified person or thing); disastrously for. Π c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 7282 So þat harald was king to wroþerhele þe kinedom. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 20 In-to [emended in ed. to out of] wrong heo wox to wroþerhele monye. a1500 (?a1400) Firumbras (1935) l. 429 To wrotherhayl that tyme that euer he was bore! 2. Destruction, ruin; harm; disaster. Also as int. Π c1330 Roland & Vernagu (Auch.) (1882) l. 532 (MED) Charls bi-þouȝt þo, Ȝif he sent mo, It were him wroþer hele. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 2527 It had bien wroþerheile if he ne had went belyue. c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 3154 (MED) Towrres he turnes and turmentez þe pople; Wroghte wedewes fulle wlonke ‘wrotherayle’ syngen..and wryngen theire handis. a1500 (?a1400) Firumbras (1935) l. 807 (MED) Wrotherhayle..that tyme that sche was borne! B. adv. With disastrous results; unfortunately; calamitously. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adverb] evil971 unsellyc1275 chancefully1303 wrother-heala1325 badlyc1325 illc1325 ungraciouslyc1330 unhappilyc1374 evil haila1400 infortunately1442 shame to saya1450 ill haila1500 unluckily1530 unfortunately1548 unluckly1573 bad1575 haplessly1582 disasterly1593 lucklessly1596 untowardly1649 misfortunatelya1686 askew1858 a1325 St. Matthew (Corpus Cambr.) l. 140 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 402 He miȝte segge wroþer hele he willede after wiue For wel sone þere afterward musel he bicom. c1330 (?c1300) Speculum Guy (Auch.) (1898) l. 129 Wroþer hele was Iudas born, For þurw þat sinne he was lorn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16477 Ful wrather-hail to min bihoue haf i tan þis mone. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1759 Þou sekis fraward Sichim þi-selfe wrothir-haile. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.int.adv.c1225
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