Zöllnern.

/ˈtsœlnə//ˈzœlnə/

Forms: Also Zoellner.

Etymology: < the name of the German astronomer and physicist, Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner (1834–82).

Psychology.

Used attributively and in the possessive to designate the optical illusion noted by Zöllner of parallel lines which, when marked with short diagonal lines, appear to converge. Now usually as Zöllner illusion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [adjective] > optical distortions

Zöllner1890

Schröder1898

Pulfrich1925

1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. II. xx. 232 In what is known as Zöllner's pattern.., the long parallels tip towards each other the moment we draw the short slanting lines over them.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 142/1 (caption) Zoellner's Figure showing an illusion of direction.

1922 K. Dunlap Elem. Sci. Psychol. xiii. 295 In the Zöllner figure, the long lines, really parallel, seem to converge.

1955 H. E. Garrett Gen. Psychol. v. 179 (caption) Zoellner illusion. The four horizontal lines are parallel.

1971 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 84 164 The Zöllner and Hering illusions are examples of phenomena in which the overall pattern dominates the geometry and leads to the perceptual distortion of straight lines into curved lines.

1980 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Jan. 91/1 The Zöllner illusion, which exhibits assimilation at extremely small angles and contrast at larger angles.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	zöllner
释义	Zöllnern. /ˈtsœlnə//ˈzœlnə/ Forms: Also Zoellner. Etymology: < the name of the German astronomer and physicist, Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner (1834–82). Psychology. Used attributively and in the possessive to designate the optical illusion noted by Zöllner of parallel lines which, when marked with short diagonal lines, appear to converge. Now usually as Zöllner illusion. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [adjective] > optical distortions Zöllner1890 Schröder1898 Pulfrich1925 1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. II. xx. 232 In what is known as Zöllner's pattern.., the long parallels tip towards each other the moment we draw the short slanting lines over them. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 142/1 (caption) Zoellner's Figure showing an illusion of direction. 1922 K. Dunlap Elem. Sci. Psychol. xiii. 295 In the Zöllner figure, the long lines, really parallel, seem to converge. 1955 H. E. Garrett Gen. Psychol. v. 179 (caption) Zoellner illusion. The four horizontal lines are parallel. 1971 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 84 164 The Zöllner and Hering illusions are examples of phenomena in which the overall pattern dominates the geometry and leads to the perceptual distortion of straight lines into curved lines. 1980 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Jan. 91/1 The Zöllner illusion, which exhibits assimilation at extremely small angles and contrast at larger angles. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.1890
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