wretchednessn.

Brit.

/ˈrɛtʃᵻdnᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈrɛtʃədnəs/

Etymology: < wretched adj. + -ness suffix.

The state or quality of being wretched.

a. A condition of discomfort or distress caused by privation, poverty, misfortune, adversity, or the like; great misery or unhappiness.In very frequent use from c1375.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun]

unselthc888

ermtheOE

unselea1023

wellawayOE

wretchhead1154

wandrethc1175

woec1175

wanea1200

wretchdom?c1225

yomernessc1250

balec1275

un-i-selec1275

wan-siðc1275

unseelinessa1300

wretchedheada1300

cursedness1303

wretcheddomc1320

wrechea1325

wretchnessa1330

tribulationc1330

wretchednessa1340

caitifty1340

meeknessa1382

unwealsomeness1382

infelicityc1384

caitifhedea1400

ill liking?a1400

sorea1400

ungleea1400

unweala1400

caitifnessc1400

deploration1490

caitifdoma1500

woefulnessa1513

misery1527

miserity1533

mishappinessa1542

unwealfulnessa1555

tribulance1575

miserableness1613

agony1621

desolatenessa1626

unblissa1628

unhappiness1722

misère1791

shadow1855

valley1882

miz1918

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction > state of misery

wretchhead1154

uselldomc1175

wretchdom?c1225

yomernessc1250

wan-siðc1275

werea1300

wretchedheada1300

cursedness1303

wrechea1325

wretchnessa1330

wretchednessa1340

caitifty1340

miseryc1375

caitifhedea1400

languora1400

caitifnessc1400

deploration1490

caitifdoma1500

pitya1500

unkindness1502

woefulnessa1513

miserability1559

villainya1571

ungraciousness1578

miserableness1613

deplorableness1649

misère1791

dismals1829

unblessedness1836

α.

c1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6102 Þe day of wrethe and of wrechednes.

c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Tale 67 Yet hath this brid..Leuere in a fforest that is rude and coold Goon ete wormes, and swich wrecchednesse.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum vii. 19 Thenne..comyth aȝen..our lord, whenne þat he hath pyte of our wretchidnesse.

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 223^v Yf thou were in the abysmes of wrecchidnes and myseryes.

1526 Pilgr. Perf. (1531) 37 He cast hym out into this vale of mysery and wretchednes.

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 9 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) When they are weary of warres and brought downe to extreame wretchednesse.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xx. 61 Is wretchednes depriu'd, that benefit To end it selfe by death.

1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida Pref. sig. b3 Consider the wretchedness of his condition.

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 12 Thought, busy Thought!..Strays, wretched Rover! o'er the pleasing Past, In quest of wretchedness perversely strays.

1760 D. Webb Inq. Beauties Painting 161 A fine image of hopeless wretchedness, of consuming grief.

1820 S. Smith Wks. (1850) 302 The manifold wretchedness to which the poor Irish tenant is liable.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xlv. 43 The great manufacturing town, reeking with lean misery and hungry wretchedness.

1887 B. Smith Liberty & Liberalism 615 What we call ‘wretchedness, unhappiness, and sin’ are the inevitable results of the gap which does..exist between our powers and our aspirations.

β. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ii. 11 Þe dred of god is noght of wricchidnes bot of ioy.c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxvi. 124 Þai liffe with grete wricchedness and scantness.γ. c1500 R. Henryson in G. Stevenson Makculloch & Gray MSS (1918) 15 Wrachitness his [= has] turnyt al fra weil to vo.

b. A cause or occasion of misery.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun] > cause or source of misery

wretchnessa1330

wretchedness1382

misery1509

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) James v. 1 Do now, ȝe riche men, wepe ȝe, ȝoulynge in ȝoure wrecchidnessis that shulen come to ȝou.

c1410 Lanterne of Liȝt 49 Þis a sorowful vanite & a greete wrecchidnes.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 242 How grete tormentes & how grete wretchednesses they gather and hepe to theyr owne sowles.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. i. ii. 13 Call not the Past Time, with all its confused wretchednesses, a lost one.

1893 Amer. Missionary (N.Y.) Dec. 436 To these vices..is added now a new wretchedness,..the vice of drunkenness.

a. The condition or character of being base or vile, odious or contemptible; despicableness, meanness, badness.

ΘΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > baseness > [noun]

shendfulness?c1225

vilety?c1225

vilehead1340

wretchedness1389

caitifness1393

caitifhedea1400

caitiftya1400

unnoblenessc1400

unnobilitya1425

unnobletya1425

vilitya1425

vileness1526

lousiness1530

infamya1535

baseness1548

vildness1597

shabbiness1711

piggery1854

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible

shendfulness?c1225

wretchdom?c1225

wretchedness1389

caitifhedea1400

vilitya1425

despectuousness1447

lousiness1530

scornfulness1535

meanness1556

contemptibleness1574

worthlessness1604

contemptibility1611

caitifness1649

despicableness1653

pitifulness1670

despisableness1673

paltriness1727

shabbiness1827

despicability1830

piggery1854

wormishness1925

shittiness1929

scuzziness1980

1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 7 Ȝif it so befalle þat any of þe bretherhede falle in pouerte..so it be nat on hymselue along, thorwȝ his owne wrecchednesse.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17288 + 273 Als mikel os scho loued bi-fore þe dele & wricchednes, Als mikel..loued scho crist thoru hir grete godenes.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10887 Widuten sinne and wrecchednes, Sal þu be mayden as þu es.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xliii. l. 413 For More they loven wrechchednesse Thanne hevenely thing.

c1475 Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 51 Therfor ye oughte..conceyve the gret adversite that fallithe to us is..only for synne and wrecchidnes.

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) ii. xxiv. sig. s.ii For baudy balades full of wretchednes.

1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iv. i. 81 b They..returned to their old wretchednes and sinful abhominacions.

1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. C Censuring other men in many things, but not perceiving their own wretchedness at all.

1645 J. Milton Colasterion 2 The guilt of his own wretchednes.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B4 [Their] Pulpit-stuffe..hath bin the..perpetuall infusion of servility and wretchedness to all thir hearers.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Wretchedness,..despicableness.

†b. A base or reprehensible action; a vicious trait, deed, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil deed > [noun]

unwrenchc897

checkc1330

trippetc1330

wretchednessc1380

iniquities1477

feat1481

dog-trick?c1550

malefice1591

mistreading1598

meschantery1634

dog's trick1742

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > an evil deed

misdeedeOE

murderOE

harmOE

un-i-selthlOE

ungooda1250

wickednessa1325

illa1340

untetchea1375

villainy1377

wretchednessc1380

misdoingc1460

malefice1591

turpitude1597

meschantery1634

misactiona1667

naughtiness1789

wrongdoing1874

c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 171 Þei..tellen lesyngis & wrecchidnessis of synnis.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 807 [To] doon so heigh a cherlyssh wrecchednesse Agayns franchise and alle gentillesse.

†3. Scottish. The state or condition of being miserly or parsimonious; niggardliness, miserliness. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > miserliness

chincheryc1405

muckeringc1430

gnedeshipc1480

wretchedness1488

miserableness1522

misery1531

snudging1553

sordidity1584

snudgery1599

miserliness1645

nabalism1853

miserhood1867

miserdom1887

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 526 Thai sawft na Sotheroun for thar gret Riches; Off sic koffre he callit bot wretchitnes.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1857 Wrechitnes Richt so..Haith Realmys maid ful desolat & barre.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 86 He that hes gold and grit riches..And levis in to wrechitnes, He wirkis sorrow to him sell.

4. The state or condition of being mean, sorry, or paltry; inferiority, worthlessness.

ΘΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > paltriness, meanness, or contempt

miserableness1633

meannessa1656

narrowness1661

sorriness1668

paltriness1727

threadbareness1771

wretchedness1810

trumperiness1868

picayunishness1870

threadbarity1892

1810 Naval Chron. 23 39 His seventh assertion..is..a curious specimen of the wretchedness of his information.

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) The wretchedness of a performance.

5. The fact or character of being uncomfortable or unpleasant; discomfort.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun] > cause or source of misery > fact or character of being

wretchedness1836

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 21 After a little conversation about the wretchedness of the weather.

1888 Harper's Mag. Oct. 782 The gray wretchedness of the afternoon was a fit prelude to Barra.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wretchedness
释义	wretchednessn. Brit. /ˈrɛtʃᵻdnᵻs/, U.S. /ˈrɛtʃədnəs/ Etymology: < wretched adj. + -ness suffix. The state or quality of being wretched. 1. a. A condition of discomfort or distress caused by privation, poverty, misfortune, adversity, or the like; great misery or unhappiness.In very frequent use from c1375. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun] unselthc888 ermtheOE unselea1023 wellawayOE wretchhead1154 wandrethc1175 woec1175 wanea1200 wretchdom?c1225 yomernessc1250 balec1275 un-i-selec1275 wan-siðc1275 unseelinessa1300 wretchedheada1300 cursedness1303 wretcheddomc1320 wrechea1325 wretchnessa1330 tribulationc1330 wretchednessa1340 caitifty1340 meeknessa1382 unwealsomeness1382 infelicityc1384 caitifhedea1400 ill liking?a1400 sorea1400 ungleea1400 unweala1400 caitifnessc1400 deploration1490 caitifdoma1500 woefulnessa1513 misery1527 miserity1533 mishappinessa1542 unwealfulnessa1555 tribulance1575 miserableness1613 agony1621 desolatenessa1626 unblissa1628 unhappiness1722 misère1791 shadow1855 valley1882 miz1918 the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction > state of misery wretchhead1154 uselldomc1175 wretchdom?c1225 yomernessc1250 wan-siðc1275 werea1300 wretchedheada1300 cursedness1303 wrechea1325 wretchnessa1330 wretchednessa1340 caitifty1340 miseryc1375 caitifhedea1400 languora1400 caitifnessc1400 deploration1490 caitifdoma1500 pitya1500 unkindness1502 woefulnessa1513 miserability1559 villainya1571 ungraciousness1578 miserableness1613 deplorableness1649 misère1791 dismals1829 unblessedness1836 α. c1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6102 Þe day of wrethe and of wrechednes. c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Tale 67 Yet hath this brid..Leuere in a fforest that is rude and coold Goon ete wormes, and swich wrecchednesse. c1440 Gesta Romanorum vii. 19 Thenne..comyth aȝen..our lord, whenne þat he hath pyte of our wretchidnesse. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 223^v Yf thou were in the abysmes of wrecchidnes and myseryes. 1526 Pilgr. Perf. (1531) 37 He cast hym out into this vale of mysery and wretchednes. a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 9 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) When they are weary of warres and brought downe to extreame wretchednesse. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xx. 61 Is wretchednes depriu'd, that benefit To end it selfe by death. View more context for this quotation 1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida Pref. sig. b3 Consider the wretchedness of his condition. 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 12 Thought, busy Thought!..Strays, wretched Rover! o'er the pleasing Past, In quest of wretchedness perversely strays. 1760 D. Webb Inq. Beauties Painting 161 A fine image of hopeless wretchedness, of consuming grief. 1820 S. Smith Wks. (1850) 302 The manifold wretchedness to which the poor Irish tenant is liable. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xlv. 43 The great manufacturing town, reeking with lean misery and hungry wretchedness. 1887 B. Smith Liberty & Liberalism 615 What we call ‘wretchedness, unhappiness, and sin’ are the inevitable results of the gap which does..exist between our powers and our aspirations. β. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ii. 11 Þe dred of god is noght of wricchidnes bot of ioy.c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxvi. 124 Þai liffe with grete wricchedness and scantness.γ. c1500 R. Henryson in G. Stevenson Makculloch & Gray MSS (1918) 15 Wrachitness his [= has] turnyt al fra weil to vo. b. A cause or occasion of misery. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun] > cause or source of misery wretchnessa1330 wretchedness1382 misery1509 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) James v. 1 Do now, ȝe riche men, wepe ȝe, ȝoulynge in ȝoure wrecchidnessis that shulen come to ȝou. c1410 Lanterne of Liȝt 49 Þis a sorowful vanite & a greete wrecchidnes. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 242 How grete tormentes & how grete wretchednesses they gather and hepe to theyr owne sowles. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. i. ii. 13 Call not the Past Time, with all its confused wretchednesses, a lost one. 1893 Amer. Missionary (N.Y.) Dec. 436 To these vices..is added now a new wretchedness,..the vice of drunkenness. 2. a. The condition or character of being base or vile, odious or contemptible; despicableness, meanness, badness. ΘΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > baseness > [noun] shendfulness?c1225 vilety?c1225 vilehead1340 wretchedness1389 caitifness1393 caitifhedea1400 caitiftya1400 unnoblenessc1400 unnobilitya1425 unnobletya1425 vilitya1425 vileness1526 lousiness1530 infamya1535 baseness1548 vildness1597 shabbiness1711 piggery1854 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible shendfulness?c1225 wretchdom?c1225 wretchedness1389 caitifhedea1400 vilitya1425 despectuousness1447 lousiness1530 scornfulness1535 meanness1556 contemptibleness1574 worthlessness1604 contemptibility1611 caitifness1649 despicableness1653 pitifulness1670 despisableness1673 paltriness1727 shabbiness1827 despicability1830 piggery1854 wormishness1925 shittiness1929 scuzziness1980 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 7 Ȝif it so befalle þat any of þe bretherhede falle in pouerte..so it be nat on hymselue along, thorwȝ his owne wrecchednesse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17288 + 273 Als mikel os scho loued bi-fore þe dele & wricchednes, Als mikel..loued scho crist thoru hir grete godenes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10887 Widuten sinne and wrecchednes, Sal þu be mayden as þu es. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xliii. l. 413 For More they loven wrechchednesse Thanne hevenely thing. c1475 Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 51 Therfor ye oughte..conceyve the gret adversite that fallithe to us is..only for synne and wrecchidnes. a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) ii. xxiv. sig. s.ii For baudy balades full of wretchednes. 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iv. i. 81 b They..returned to their old wretchednes and sinful abhominacions. 1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. C Censuring other men in many things, but not perceiving their own wretchedness at all. 1645 J. Milton Colasterion 2 The guilt of his own wretchednes. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B4 [Their] Pulpit-stuffe..hath bin the..perpetuall infusion of servility and wretchedness to all thir hearers. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Wretchedness,..despicableness. †b. A base or reprehensible action; a vicious trait, deed, etc. Obsolete. ΘΠ the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil deed > [noun] unwrenchc897 checkc1330 trippetc1330 wretchednessc1380 iniquities1477 feat1481 dog-trick?c1550 malefice1591 mistreading1598 meschantery1634 dog's trick1742 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > an evil deed misdeedeOE murderOE harmOE un-i-selthlOE ungooda1250 wickednessa1325 illa1340 untetchea1375 villainy1377 wretchednessc1380 misdoingc1460 malefice1591 turpitude1597 meschantery1634 misactiona1667 naughtiness1789 wrongdoing1874 c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 171 Þei..tellen lesyngis & wrecchidnessis of synnis. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 807 [To] doon so heigh a cherlyssh wrecchednesse Agayns franchise and alle gentillesse. †3. Scottish. The state or condition of being miserly or parsimonious; niggardliness, miserliness. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > miserliness chincheryc1405 muckeringc1430 gnedeshipc1480 wretchedness1488 miserableness1522 misery1531 snudging1553 sordidity1584 snudgery1599 miserliness1645 nabalism1853 miserhood1867 miserdom1887 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 526 Thai sawft na Sotheroun for thar gret Riches; Off sic koffre he callit bot wretchitnes. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1857 Wrechitnes Richt so..Haith Realmys maid ful desolat & barre. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 86 He that hes gold and grit riches..And levis in to wrechitnes, He wirkis sorrow to him sell. 4. The state or condition of being mean, sorry, or paltry; inferiority, worthlessness. ΘΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > paltriness, meanness, or contempt miserableness1633 meannessa1656 narrowness1661 sorriness1668 paltriness1727 threadbareness1771 wretchedness1810 trumperiness1868 picayunishness1870 threadbarity1892 1810 Naval Chron. 23 39 His seventh assertion..is..a curious specimen of the wretchedness of his information. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) The wretchedness of a performance. 5. The fact or character of being uncomfortable or unpleasant; discomfort. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [noun] > cause or source of misery > fact or character of being wretchedness1836 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 21 After a little conversation about the wretchedness of the weather. 1888 Harper's Mag. Oct. 782 The gray wretchedness of the afternoon was a fit prelude to Barra. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1340
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