yarkn.

Brit.

/jɑːk/, U.S.

/jɑrk/, Scottish English

/jark/

Forms: see yark v.²

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: yark v.²

Etymology: Apparently < yark v.² Compare earlier yert n. and also jerk n.¹ N.E.D. (1921) also includes the sense ‘an impulse, eager desire’, based on the following quotation. The text is possibly corrupt, as the Spanish original has †yerua herb (now hierba : see herb n.) in a passage discussing the use of poison in hunting:1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 308 Cincius did much delight to goe on hunting, & had a fine yeark [Sp. yerua muy fina] to kill the Bore & other venerie in the mountaines.

Now Scottish and English regional (northern).

a. A sharp blow with a whip, hand, or other object; a stroke, a lash. Also: the sound of a sharp blow; a crack; a thud.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of blow or fall > [noun]

smitea1200

smita1425

yark1555

riprapc1580

brattlea1600

verberation1609

whack1737

whang1770

swash1789

plunk1809

tack1821

pong1823

snop1849

thunge1849

knap1870

thung1890

pow1931

thunk1952

bonk1957

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > [noun] > a sharp or smart blow

dab1300

rapc1330

thresta1400

bruntc1400

knap14..

yedderc1440

gird1487

yert1509

fillip1543

yark1555

flewet1570

stingera1577

flirt1577

wherret1577

riprapc1580

spang1595

nick1651

lick1680

flip1692

yowf1711

clink1722

wherrya1726

click1773

whither1791

swata1800

yank1818

snock1825

clip1830

snop1849

clinkera1863

siserary1893

blip1894

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [noun] > crack or snap > of whip

yark1555

whip-cracking1775

smack1781

whip-crack1893

1555 Hawes' Pastime of Pleasure (new ed.) iv. sig. Ciii^v In her hande, a strong knotted whippe At euery yarke [1517 Iarte], she made hym for to skyppe.

1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie xxiv. 143/2 As soone as the wicked feele but one yirke of the rod with Gods hand.

1593 T. Churchyard Challenge 23 No wisdomes lore, nor men of noble fame, Can scape thy scourge, it giues so sore a yarke.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 35 They gaue mee the yarke with the spurre.

1682 Heraclitus Ridens 21 Feb. 1/1 Our Province is to lash a rout of wanton and disloyal people, and if any will be outermost and so get a yerk that makes 'em smart, let them hereafter learn to hide themselves in the croud.

1788 J. Skinner Christmass Bawing in Caledonian Mag. Sept. 502 Wi' a yawfou' yark,..He derfly dang the bark Frae's shin that day.

1860 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 7) Pref. p. xxiii Clinching every decision with the ‘yerk’ of a spadeful of earth on the grave's brink.

1871 J. Milne Sel. Poems & Songs 89 It flew oure the houses like a lark An doun on the fouk's taes fell wi' a yark.

1926 Scots Mag. Oct. 21 When she was properly angry, we were promised ‘a yirk on the side o' the heid’.

2014 @SammyyPeee 16 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) He's getting a yark round the lug when he gets home.

†b. figurative. An insulting or mocking remark; a cutting jibe. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [noun] > instance of

gesta1387

quippy1519

quip1532

irony1534

nip1549

taunta1566

slent?1567

gamegall1577

yark1577

veny1586

jerk1590

wipe1596

glance1602

satire1606

by-wipe1641

quib1656

trait1704

skit1727

slant1825

ironism1842

wiper1846

by-quip1855

satirization1868

snapper1890

crack1896

1577 tr. ‘F. de L'Isle’ Legendarie sig. F.j^v Du Tillet, who had receiued a shrewd yerke, excused him selfe for euer after.

1682 Heraclitus Ridens 22 Aug. 1/1 More out of dread of a Yerk from Heraclitus, than of all the Penalties in the Statue-Book.

1689 E. Bohun Answer Desertion Discuss'd 5 To call the Breach of the Original Contract pretended, and a Popular Flourish, is a yerk of Malitious Reflection.

1824 J. Hogg in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 301/1 The ill-hued weazel-blawn thing of a brother, never missed an opportunity of gieing me a yerk wi' his ill-scrapit tongue.

†a. An act of a horse lashing out with its hind legs; a kick. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [noun] > kicking > kick

kick1530

yark1581

lunge1817

fling1852

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > [noun] > with the foot > kicking > a kick

spurna1300

kick1530

yark1581

wince1612

pote1781

funk1808

spang1863

leather1883

root1907

boot1942

hoof1985

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades vi. 120 The horse, That..With many frisks and yerks behinde, his head doth cast aloft.

1618 M. Baret Hipponomie i. 9 There is no foale..but will both leap,..turne loftily, fetch such yarks behind, that it is very delightfull to behold.

1623 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. (ed. 3) i. ii. 26 With your rod giue him a good ierke vnder the belly..when you please to giue the ierke, he will then giue the yerke.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iv. xii. 191 Twenty thousand of them..battering the Warriors Faces into Mummy, by terrible Yerks from their hinder Hoofs.

1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man III. 357 He..attacked the couple with his heels, prostrate as they were, yerk for yerk, indiscriminately.

b. A quick, suddenly arrested movement; a sharp, sudden pull, throw, push, thrust, or twist; a jerk.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > [noun] > jerking > a jerk

spang1513

lipe1545

job1560

jert1568

abraid1570

jerk1575

flirta1592

yark1610

slip1615

flerka1653

hitch1674

toss1676

hotch1721

saccade1728

surge1748

flip1821

snatch1822

fling1826

kick1835

chuckc1843

jolt1849

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 218 But they, after that the shippe is discharged of her load returne home againe with one yerke of their oares.

1657 R. Josselin Diary 4 Mar. (1976) 392 In the morning I had a very violent yirke of the crampe in my left calfe.

1882 ‘J. Strathesk’ Bits from Blinkbonny xii. 268 Dresses in those days were fastened by hooks and eyes at the back, and many a firm ‘yerk’ it took to make them meet.

1913 Railway Carmen's Jrnl. Sept. 552/1 The doctor seized the ankle, put his fut in Sandy's oxter, and gied the leg sic a yerk that the lad was nigh pulled in twa.

1996 S. Blackhall Wittgenstein's Web 187 Wi a gryte yark o his hurdies an a skelp o his flippers, Zeffirino brakk frae the sea tae fob.

†c. A jerking or heaving sensation in the throat as a result of having drunk too much port. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of throat > [noun] > other throat disorders

roup1579

noma1676

yark1806

sprue1880

smoker's throat1888

traction diverticulum1897

1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. ix. 211 The yerk, or throe, in the throat, that follows the last bumper of port.

1831 Examiner 8 May 290/1 The yerk of the third bottle of hot nastiness [i.e. port].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† yarkv.¹

Forms: Old English gearcian, Middle English ȝearceon, ȝeirke, Middle English ȝarke, Middle English ȝarrkenn ( Orm.), ȝearkien, ȝarki, -i(e)n, ȝærek-, ȝarekien, ȝerke, Middle English yark.

Etymology: Old English gearcian , < gearu yare adj. with factitive suffix as in ieldcian to delay, < eald old.

Obsolete.

a. transitive (and reflexive). To make ready, prepare.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)]

yarec888

yarkc1000

graithc1175

readya1225

biredienc1275

to make yarec1290

forgraitha1300

adightc1330

buskc1330

purveyc1330

agraith1340

disposec1375

before-graithea1382

to forge and filec1381

to make readya1382

devisec1385

bounc1390

buss?a1400

address?a1425

parel?a1425

to get upc1425

providec1425

prepare1449

bakec1450

aready1470

arm?a1505

prevenea1522

get?1530

to get ready1530

to set in readiness1575

apply1577

compose1612

predy1627

make1637

to dispose of1655

do1660

fallowa1764

to line up1934

prep1936

tee1938

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)]

yarec888

yarkc1000

graithc1230

dightc1275

to make yarec1290

arrayc1320

tirec1330

agraith1340

buska1350

readya1350

dressc1350

shapec1374

disposec1375

ordainc1380

rayc1380

makec1390

bouna1400

updressa1400

fettlec1400

address1447

ettlec1450

aready1470

to make oneself forth1488

busklea1555

poise1639

arrange1865

c1000 Ælfric Genesis xix. 3 He þa gearcode him gereord and hig æton.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1091 (Laud) Þa gearcode he his fare & to Englelande com.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 19 He haueð us iȝarket þa ecche blisse ȝif we wulleð hit iernien in heuene riche.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9151 Forr þatt he wollde ȝarrkenn hemm. Onnȝæness cristess come.

a1225 Leg. Kath. 2334 Ich am ȝarow to al þe wa þet tu const me ȝarkin.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11615 Ȝarkieð [c1300 Otho Ȝarkep] bi þan flode mine scipen gode.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. vii. 80 He þat ȝiueth, ȝeldeth and ȝarketh hym to reste.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8856 Was neuer man born þat cuth wirc Ne yark suilk a-noþer kirc.

c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 6070 His men he ȝarked Euerychon vnto that fyght.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 882 He forȝet not, but ȝepely ȝarkit hym þerfore.

1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum To Yark, (N[orth] C[ountry]) to prepare.

b. To put in a position; to set, place. yark to, to shut; yark up, to open. Also figurative, passive and intransitive, to pass into a state.

ΘΠ

the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)]

doeOE

layc950

seta1000

puta1225

dight1297

pilt?a1300

stow1362

stick1372

bestowc1374

affichea1382

posec1385

couchc1386

dressa1387

assize1393

yarkc1400

sita1425

place1442

colloque1490

siegea1500

stake1513

win1515

plat1529

collocate1548

campc1550

posit1645

posture1645

constitute1652

impose1681

sist1852

shove1902

spot1937

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc.

to do upOE

to-thrustc1175

to weve upc1275

unshutc1315

to set upa1387

unyarka1400

to let up1400

yark upc1400

reclude?1440

dupa1549

dub1699

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close (a door, window, etc.)

shutc1000

steek?c1225

makec1300

speara1325

yark toc1400

to shut toc1450

to put toa1500

warpc1540

enclose1563

to pull to1673

dub1753

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 820 Þay ȝolden hym þe brode ȝate, ȝarked vp wyde.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 414 Yong men yepely yarke into Elde.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5595 Now is ȝepely a yere yarket to end.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6081 For to ȝarpe [sic] vp the ȝate he ȝepely comaund.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10738 Þai ȝarkit to þe yatis ȝepely onon.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11265 Þai kepyn the cloyse of this clene burgh, With ȝep men at þe yatis ȝarkit full þik.

c. To ordain, decree, appoint; to grant, bestow.

ΘΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)]

forgivec900

giveOE

besetc1230

deala1250

i-yevec1275

to give (requite, etc.) into one's bosomc1386

yarka1400

wevec1400

yatec1400

administera1425

bequeathc1440

employa1492

exhibit1548

communicate1553

endue1587

cast1612

hand1650

to lay on1942

society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint

asetc885

teachc897

deemc900

ashapea1000

i-demeOE

setc1000

shiftc1000

stevenOE

redeOE

willOE

lookc1175

showc1175

stablea1300

devise1303

terminea1325

shapec1330

stightlea1375

determinec1384

judgea1387

sign1389

assize1393

statute1397

commanda1400

decree1399

yarka1400

writec1405

decreetc1425

rule1447

stallc1460

constitute1481

assignc1485

institute1485

prescribec1487

constitue1489

destinate1490

to lay down1493

make?a1513

call1523

plant1529

allot1532

stint1533

determ1535

appointa1538

destinec1540

prescrive1552

lot1560

fore-appoint1561

nominate1564

to set down1576

refer1590

sort1592

doom1594

fit1600

dictate1606

determinate1636

inordera1641

state1647

fix1660

direct1816

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8982 Hard it es, þe wird o sin þat yarked was til adam kin!

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 758 Ȝif þou ȝernez hit, ȝet ȝark I hem grace.

c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 329 Such sorow was her ȝarked ȝore.

Derivatives

† ˈyarking n.¹ Obsolete preparation.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun]

yarkingc1000

forgraithinga1300

apparellingc1315

ordinancec1330

purveyancec1330

graithinga1340

purveying1340

providencea1382

making readyc1384

preparationa1393

paring1393

provisiona1398

parelc1425

apparelc1430

parelling?a1440

ablingc1450

munition1480

preparing1497

arraya1500

readyinga1500

repurveancea1500

ordaining1509

apparation1533

preparementa1538

apprest1539

preparaturea1540

preparance1543

order1545

apparance1546

prepare1548

fore-preparationa1586

ettlingc1600

apparelment1607

parationa1617

comparation1623

address1633

apparatus1638

prep1920

c1000 Ags. Ps. ix. 20 [x. 17] Gearcunge heortan [L. præparationem cordis].

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10800 Itt [sc. John's baptism] wass ȝarrkinng ȝæn fulluhht Þatt crist sellf shollde settenn.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

yarkv.²

Brit.

/jɑːk/, U.S.

/jɑrk/, Scottish English

/jark/

Forms: Middle English– yerk Brit.

/jəːk/, U.S.

/jərk/, Scottish English

/jɛrk/, 1500s york, 1500s–1600s yarke, 1500s–1600s yeark, 1500s–1600s yearke, 1500s–1600s yirke, 1500s–1800s yirk, 1500s– yark, 1600s ierk, 1600s yercke (Scottish), 1800s yack (English regional (northern and midlands)), 1800s yahk (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1800s yake (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1800s yawk (U.S. regional (New England)), 1800s yuck (U.S. regional (Virginia)), 1500s–1600s (1800s English regional (Cheshire)) yerke, 1900s yek (English regional (Nottinghamshire)), 1900s– yirg (Scottish (Orkney and Shetland)).

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably partly an imitative of expressive formation.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; probably at least partly an expressive formation, expressive of a jerking movement. Compare later jerk v.¹ Perhaps compare also firk v.The word appears first as a technical term in shoemaking (in sense 1), probably with reference to the sharp movement needed to tighten up some kinds of leather sewing. Slightly earlier currency in this sense is implied by Anglo-Norman yarker (a1408 in an isolated attestation in cosier et yarker to sew and yark), which is apparently < English. With branch II. compare slightly earlier yert n. and later yark n. (both apparently first attested in the same passage in different editions of a single text; compare the readings listed at quot. 1555 at yark n. 1a).

Now chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and U.S. regional.

I. Senses relating to stitching or binding.

†1. intransitive. Shoemaking. To stitch together the parts of a boot or shoe; to draw stitches tight when sewing. Also transitive with the shoe or shoe leather as object. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (intransitive)] > carry out specific processes

yarkc1424

sole1570

sprig1885

c1424–34 in M. Sellers York Memorandum Bk. (1912) I. 194 (MED) Pro sutura xij parium sotularum yerkyd ad manum, iiij d.

1590 Cobler of Caunterburie 18 His wife sitting by him when hee was yerking of his shooes.

1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. D3 Eyre. Yarke and seame, yarke and seame. Firke. For yarking & seaming let me alone, & I come toot.

1881 W. Gregor Notes Folk-lore N.-E. Scotl. iv. 20 Thou hast given us leather to yark, and leather to bark, oot-seam awls, and in-seam awls.

2. transitive. Scottish. To bind (something) tightly; to bind or join (something) to something else.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > bind > tightly

strain1340

frap1548

perligate1623

yark1802

thrap1813

1802 J. Sibbald Chron. Sc. Poetry IV. Gloss. Yerk, to bind tightly, as with a small cord.

1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake i. viii. 86 And they yerkit his limbis with twine.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xiv*, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 367 His hands and feet are yerked as tight as cords can be drawn.

1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. vii. 269 Eight horses,..every one with its head yerked to the tail of the one before him.

1908 J. Lumsden Doun i' th' Loudons 178 Sae we our chariots saucht again—(This time yerk'd to a railway train, At Co'path, on the line ca'd ‘Main’).

1950 C. U. Gardiner in Sc. National Dict. (1976) X. 267/1 Yerk it thegether wi a bit thread.

II. Senses relating to striking or beating.

a. transitive. To strike (a person or animal), esp. with a whip or rod; to beat, thrash, or flog. Now Scottish and English regional (northern).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > strike with an object > with something pliant

yarka1529

jerk1550

whissa1578

cut1607

scutch1611

slash1660

lashc1694

whip1699

switch1832

a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Bii^v A carter..That with his whyp his mares was wonte to yarke.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. vii. sig. Ff^v That same foole..Was Scorne, who hauing in his hand a whip, Her therewith yirks .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 5 Nine or ten times, I had thought to haue ierk'd him here, Vnder the ribbes.

1631 J. Done Polydoron 211 When I observe a cruell Carter yerke and slash but a poore over-toyld Iade.

1703 S. Centlivre Love's Contrivance iv. ii. 45 I'll yerk the sullen Devil out of you.

a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 159 Their skins are gayly yarkit And peel'd thir days.

1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (at cited word) Aw'l yark yah, yah dirty bastard yah.

1833 Blackwood's Mag. Oct. 550/1 We should yerk the yokel of a Yankee with the knout.

1922 W. Gibson Krindlesyke iii. 116 I've seen him hike a man, And a heftier man than you, over a dyke, For yarking a lame beast.

2014 @nickthoburn93 19 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Went out in ashington last night and some youngin yarked the bouncer cause he id'd him.

†b. transitive. To crack (a whip). Also intransitive: (of a whip) to crack. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [verb (intransitive)] > crack or snap > of whip

yarka1566

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [verb (transitive)] > crack or snap > a whip

yarka1566

slash1660

smack1699

flank1830

spank1835

a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fij^v When ich was a lusty fellow, and could yarke a whip trimly.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxii. 48 He would..make a whippe to yarke and lash, as cunningly as any Carter in France.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. ii. 9 Euery man drew forth his whip, and began to yerke the same.

†c. intransitive. Scottish. To strike at something; to deal blows. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)]

slay971

smitelOE

flatc1330

flap1362

acoupc1380

frapa1400

girda1400

hit?a1400

knocka1400

swap?a1400

wapa1400

castc1400

strike1509

befta1522

to throw about one1590

cuff1596

to let down1640

dunch1805

yark1818

bunt1867

1818 G. Beattie John o' Arnha' (ed. 2) 30 He swat and yarkit wi' his hammer.

1829 J. Hogg in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 694 To a smith he was enter'd, to yerk at the stiddy, But he lamed the auld smith, and he fired the smiddy.

4. figurative.

a. transitive. To afflict, assail, or verbally attack (a person or thing); to be an irritation to. Also: to stir to activity, to excite. Now chiefly Scottish and U.S. (chiefly in form yerk).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)]

astirc1000

stir?c1225

araisec1374

entalentc1374

flamec1380

reara1382

raisec1384

commove1393

kindlea1400

fluster1422

esmove1474

talent1486

heavec1540

erect?1555

inflame1560

to set on gog1560

yark1565

tickle1567

flesh1573

concitate1574

rouse1574

warmc1580

agitate1587

spirit1598

suscitate1598

fermentate1599

nettle1599

startle1602

worka1616

exagitate1621

foment1621

flush1633

exacuatea1637

ferment1667

to work up1681

pique1697

electrify1748

rattle1781

pump1791

to touch up1796

excite1821

to key up1835

to steam up1909

jazz1916

steam1922

volt1930

whee1949

to fire up1976

geek1984

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > ill-treat [verb (transitive)]

tuckc888

tawc893

misbedeOE

graithc1330

to fare fair or foul with1340

misusea1382

outrayc1390

beshrewc1430

huspelc1440

misentreat1450

mistreat1453

abuse?1473

to mayne evil1481

demean1483

to put (a person) to villainya1513

harry1530

mishandle1530

touse1531

misorder1550

worrya1556

yark1565

mumble1588

buse1589

crow-tread1593

disabuse1607

maltreat1681

squeeze1691

ill-treat1794

punish1801

tousle1826

ill-use1841

razoo1890

mess1896

to play horse with1896

to bugger about1921

slug1925

to give (a person) the works1927

to kick about or around1938

mess1963

1565 [implied in: R. Shacklock tr. S. Hozjusz Hatchet of Heresies f. 82 They.., following the example of theire Master Luther can not staye themselues from stuffing all theire bokes, with mockyng and mowing, iyrkyng and yerkyng, stingyng and wrynggin farre otherwyse then it becometh Christians. (see yarking n.² 2)].

?1569 T. Broke Slaunderous Libell sig. B.ii Of hys leud lyfe I loth to thinke, to write it all it yerketh me: Tho young I rather wishe thee mend, least old thou proue as ill as he.

1583 A. Fleming Table Doctr. in A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie sig. Nnnnn2/1 How we thinke vpon the Aduersities wherewith God yerketh vs.

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 10 Arrius will shake the Church: Macchiauell will yerke the Commonwealth.

1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 37 I with my Pen doe meane to yerke and ferke ye.

1786 R. Burns Poems 70 My fancy yerket up sublime Wi' hasty summon.

1797 T. Poole in M. E. Sandford T. P. & Friends (1888) I. 221 The weight of government, which our ministry has cause[d] to touch and yark every individual where he never felt it before.

a1821 J. Keats Otho iii. ii, in R. M. Milnes Life, Lett. & Lit. Remains Keats (1848) II. 157 Ay, Satan! does that yerk ye?

1851 G. Outram Legal Lyrics 16 In vain he yerked his souple head, To find an ambiguity.

1864 Illustr. London News 14 May 470/1 It ‘yerks one’, as Lord Burleigh has it, to see Murder walk away scot-free!

1898 J. R. Imray Sandy Todd's Wooin' vii. 66 I hae been unco sair yarkit wi' the wark at hame.

1916 Newark (Ohio) Advocate 12 Dec. 4/4 Oh, the joy o' livin' a natural life! Of jest livin' as the common people do with no sociable duties to yerk you.

2011 @semanticwill 29 May in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Personally, between you, me, and all of twitter, I don't like non-designers talking about design. It yerks me.

b. intransitive. With at: to find fault with a specified person or thing. Chiefly Scottish in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > captiously

upbraidc1290

bite1330

to gnap at1533

carp1550

cavil1581

carp1587

to pick at ——1603

to pick a hole (also holes) in1614

yark1621

vellicate1633

to peck at1641

snob1654

ploat1757

to get at ——1803

crab1819

to pick up1846

knock1892

snark1904

kvetchc1950

to pick nits1978

1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 392 Almost in euery Paragraph, either he yerketh at his neighbours credit, or commendeth his owne chickens.

1673 M. Locke Present Pract. Musick 75 In his testy Choler, yerking also at Hudibrass, Rablaise, and Don Quixot, Authors in their kind, whose Trenchers he is not worthy to scrape.

1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 491 Onything's mair preferable than yerk yerkin' at every thing said by a wiser man than yoursel.

1915 T. W. Paterson Auld Saws 100 Croon a' yer neibours' kindness By yerkin at it fell.

2009 @DaftRebel 28 Dec. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) The bastards who yark at me for having no tact are the same fucks who bitch at me for not talking at parties.

c. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). To talk excessively, tiresomely, or interminably; to moan, complain. Frequently with on.

ΚΠ

1950 W. Kemp Cornkisters 10 She'll be yarkin' an' barkin' wi' a' her great micht, Rag tousily Meg.

2003 Evening Gaz. (Middlesbrough) (Nexis) 25 Nov. 42 I've been yarking on for ages about trying out the young strikers we have and this is the time to do it.

2009 M. Faber in Sunday Times (Nexis) 2 Aug. (Mag. section) 54 ‘Ach, this room has aye been fashious and fykie,’ he said. ‘Aye yirnin' and yarkin', niver happy! But daen't ye worry. It'll shut up efter a whilie.’

2011 @Daized 29 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Think you are the only ones on my twitter not yarking about the bloody wedding.

2017 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. (Nexis) 13 Apr. 26 I eence filled in for a shift in my Queen Street days and I tell ye, there wiz ayewiz somedee yarking on at ye.

III. Senses relating to jerking.

a. intransitive. Chiefly with out. Of a horse: to fling out the hind legs; to kick or lash out with the hind legs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > kick

startleOE

kickc1386

winch1483

fling1487

yark?1561

smite1600

to lash out1852

to kick over the traces1861

?1561 [implied in: T. Blundeville Newe Bk. Arte of Ryding ii. xxviii. sig. M.iii^v Which beast beinge dysposed to playe, vseth in his runninge a prety kinde of iumpinge and doublyng with hys legges, aboue grounde, making a certaine semblaunce of yarking & yet yarketh not in dede. (at yarking n.² 1)].

1566 T. Blundeville Fower Offices Horsemanshippe Pref. sig. Aiii It is requisite that the stirrer besides all this, learne to bounde alofte with all foure, & to yarke withall.

1570 T. North tr. A. F. Doni Morall Philos. iv. f. 99 He will yerke out behinde and put him in daunger of his life.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 724 The horse..would let no man get vp on his backe,..but would yerke out at them.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius f. 158^v He [sc. the horse] chaufeth & champeth vpon the bridle, commeth a loft, yorketh out with his heeles behinde.

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 171 You shall obserue that when he yarketh, he yark out his hinder feete euen & close together.

1754 R. Berenger tr. C. Bourgelat New Syst. Horsemanship xxi. 146 If he lifts or tosses up his Croupe, or yerks out, fling your Shoulders back without turning your Head to one side or the other.

1990 G. McCaughrean Fires' Astonishment xvi. 204 He mounted the horse off the tail-board, and the clogs swung and clacked beneath its belly, startling it so that it yerked and pitched.

†b. transitive. With out. Of a horse: to fling (the hind legs); to kick or lash out with (the hind legs). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 792 Yerking out the heeles, rysing vppon the hinder legs, going side-long, and other froward touches of such vnbroken Coltes.

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 171 You shall obserue that when he yarketh, he yark out his hinder feete euen & close together.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. vii. 78 [Wounded steeds] with wilde rage Yerke out their armed heeles at their dead masters.

1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) at Capriole The Goat-leap, when a Horse at the full height of his Leap, yerks or strikes out his Hind-Legs.

1825 W. Scott Betrothed xiii, in Tales Crusaders I. 231 Mahound yerked out his hoofs.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) T'horse yarkd out baath his hinder fit.

1864 Dollar Monthly Mag. Aug. 146/2 The coal-black war-horse..plunged into the little English band, yerking out his heels, biting furiously, and overthrowing men on all sides.

a. transitive. To pull, push, or throw (a person or thing) with a quick, suddenly arrested movement; to jerk. Now chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and U.S. regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > with a jerk

fillip1535

yark1568

flip1616

flick1816

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > suddenly

shootc1075

flapc1320

flatc1330

spang1513

yark1568

flirt1582

cant1685

jerk1708

flip1712

shuttle1823

spring1884

1568 J. Fen tr. J. Osório Learned Treat. Haddon i. f. 7^v When you are pricked and yearked foorth with the goades of your owne madnes.

1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 359 He that yerks old angells out apace.

1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. sig. D3^v But when I yerkt them [sc. dice] forth, away they ranne like Irish Lackeys.

1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 83 When a great sea comes to yerk up the ship.

1651 J. Smith Loves Hero & Leander 16 Leander now turnes on his back, He yerks out legs and lets armes slack.

1836 C. Hooton Adventures Bilberry Thurland I. xiv. 258 He..seized the parson by the chin and ears and yerked him upwards several times.

1840 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 3rd Ser. xiii. 181 I'd larn him how..to yawk the reins with both hands.

1861 Godey's Lady's Bk. May 410/2 Seen from in front, as he yerked his head in the air, he was quite like an ostrich.

1995 D. McLean Bunker Man 14 He allowed himself to be yarked along, and within a few minutes they were through the far end of the town.

2012 @NatashaNUFC 15 Mar. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I just got yarked about like a rag doll!

b. intransitive. To move with a jerk or jerks; to jerk. Now chiefly Scottish, English regional, and U.S. regional.Quot. 1981 may show an error for jerk.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > make sudden movement [verb (intransitive)] > jerk

hotchc1440

hitch?1518

jerk1606

flounce1609

fluce1627

yarka1640

quirk1821

flip1862

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Sea Voy. i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaaa/1 How she [sc. a ship] kicks and yerks.

1867 G. W. Harris Sut Lovingood 297 He yerk'd back a littil es the lick cum, an' hit went thru the dubil ove the hide.

1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xv. 173 We saw the wee flag yirk up to the mast-heid.

1923 E. Gepp Essex Dial. Dict. (ed. 2) 123 Yark, yerk, to jerk, flop about.

1981 A. Graf tr. S. Sanbaev in I. Kramov Voice of Steppe 259 He cried out, his body yerking, and weakly and ridiculously swung his whip.

a. transitive. With up. To produce (something, esp. a piece of work) rapidly or hastily; to come up with. Now rare.In later use chiefly in historical contexts.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > write beforehand

prescribe?a1475

yark1592

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes E4^v In a night & a day would he [sc. Robert Greene] haue yarkt vp a Pamphlet as well as in seauen yeare.

1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 88 You are able to shape your aduersary an answere, and yerke vp a booke in a night.

1953 A. Walker Textual Probl. of First Folio iii. 43 The spelling of Okes's manuscript was evidently marked by the kind of vulgarism..found in many bad quartos yarked up by actors.

1977 J. Greenway Amer. Trad. 88 Zingg finally yarked up five character witnesses for Singh: three professors, a judge, and a bishop.

b. transitive. Scottish. With off, out, or up. To begin to play or sing (a song or piece of music); to strike up.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > take part in ball [verb (transitive)] > open or start (the dance)

to lead up1731

to lead out1776

yark1818

to lead off1881

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform (music) [verb (transitive)] > strike up

to strike up1549

yark1892

1818 G. Beattie John o' Arnha' (ed. 2) 57 A' the devils in a ring Yarkit up the Highland fling.

1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 287 Yerk us aff a sang belyve.

1940 W. L. Ferguson Poems 72 The precentor, on his feet Yerks oot Kilmarnock wi a bleat.

†8. transitive. With out. To express (something) in a jerky or abrupt manner; to utter (words or sounds) sharply and shortly, or in stops and starts. Cf. jerk v.¹ 5. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > haltingly or jerkily

hobblea1529

jerk1602

yark1604

1604 T. Middleton Ant & Nightingale sig. C3 He began to speake to the richest of our number, euer and anon, yerking out the word Fines.

1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to J. Arbuckle 14 Yerking those words out which lye nearest.

†a. intransitive. Esp. of an animal: to spring or rise up suddenly. Frequently with up. Obsolete (Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by locomotion > locomotion of animals > [verb (intransitive)] > spring or rise suddenly

yark1612

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > suddenly

astartc1275

startc1275

yark1612

sturt1674

spurk1691

jump1720

skyrocket1859

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion vi. 88 So doth the Salmon vaut. And if at first he faile, his second Summersaut Hee instantlie assaies; and from his nimble Ring, Still yarking [etc.].

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Yark, to rise hastily. ‘He yarks up i' th' snert of a cat [i.e. instantly].’

1892 Mem. Dean Hole (1893) xvi. 193 It [sc. a snipe] yarked up, and screeted, and I nipped round, and blazed.

b. intransitive. Scottish and English regional (northern). To engage eagerly in some proceeding; to proceed vigorously or determinedly; to press on.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] > resolutely or energetically

to go to it1490

busklea1535

settle1576

to lay on1587

to put in (also get into) one's gearsa1658

to put (occasionally lay, set) one's shoulder to the wheel1678

yark1721

to get going1822

to pitch in1835

to roll up one's sleeves1838

square1849

to clap on1850

to wire in (also away)1864

to dig in1884

hunker1903

tie into1904

to get cracking1937

to get stuck in1938

to get weaving1942

to get it on1954

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 182 I will say nothing, but I will yerk [glossed Be busy] at the Thinking.

1807 J. Stagg Misc. Poems (new ed.) 52 Some teymes i' th winter neeghts, when dark We'd into th' Ladies Di'rys yark.

1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 181 We hae a lang tramp to yerk till in the morning.

1946 J. C. Milne Orra Loon 2 Hyowin' lang and dreich neep-dreels, Yarkin' on ahin' the grieve.

1988 Jrnl. Lakeland Dial. Soc. No. 50. 18 He..scuppered off as hard as he could yark.

†IV. Slang uses.

10. transitive. slang. Of a man: to have sexual intercourse with (a woman). Cf. jerk v.¹ 7. Obsolete.In quot. perhaps with a pun on sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with

mingeOE

haveOE

knowc1175

ofliec1275

to lie with (or by)a1300

knowledgec1300

meetc1330

beliea1350

yknowc1350

touchc1384

deala1387

dightc1386

usea1387

takec1390

commona1400

to meet witha1400

servea1400

occupy?a1475

engender1483

jangle1488

to be busy with1525

to come in1530

visitc1540

niggle1567

mow1568

to mix one's thigh with1593

do1594

grind1598

pepper1600

yark1600

tumble1603

to taste of1607

compressc1611

jumble1611

mix?1614

consort?1615

tastea1616

bumfiddle1630

ingressa1631

sheet1637

carnal1643

night-work1654

bump1669

bumble1680

frig?c1680

fuck1707

stick1707

screw1719

soil1722

to do over1730

shag1770

hump1785

subagitatec1830

diddle1879

to give (someone) onec1882

charver1889

fuckeec1890

plugc1890

dick1892

to make a baby1911

to know (a person) in the biblical sense1912

jazz1920

rock1922

yentz1924

roll1926

to make love1927

shtupa1934

to give (or get) a tumble1934

shack1935

bang1937

to have it off1937

rump1937

tom1949

to hop into bed (with)1951

ball1955

to make it1957

plank1958

score1960

naughty1961

pull1965

pleasurea1967

to have away1968

to have off1968

dork1970

shaft1970

bonk1975

knob1984

boink1985

fand-

1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. G2 I would haue yearkt and firkt your Priscilla.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

yarkv.³

Brit.

/jɑːk/, U.S.

/jɑrk/

Forms: 1800s–1900s yawk, 1800s yauk, 2000s– yark, 1900s– york, 2000s– yack (U.S.).

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: yoke v.²

Etymology: Probably a variant of yoke v.² Compare earlier yesk v. and hawk v.³With the U.S. form yack (with loss of r ) compare earlier English regional (Somerset) yack to vomit (see yoke v.²), which probably shows an independent phonetic development (compare the south-western forms yock and yuck at yoke v.² β. forms).

colloquial and regional.

1. intransitive. To retch; to vomit. Also: to hawk.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit

spewc897

vomea1382

brake1393

perbreak?a1400

castc1440

envomish1480

parbreak1495

vomita1500

to cast the crawa1529

to cast (up), heave, spue up, vomit one's gorgea1529

galpa1535

to cast out1561

puke1586

purge1596

void1605

to jerk, shoot, whip the cat1609

rid1647

to flay the fox1653

posset1781

to shoot the cat1785

to throw up1793

throw1804

cascade1805

reject1822

yark1867

sick1924

to toss (also shoot, blow, etc.) one's cookies1927

to lose a dinner (or a meal)1941

to spew one's ring1949

chunder1950

barf1960

upchuck1960

yuck1963

ralph1966

to go for the big spit1967

vom1991

1867 J. R. Houlding Austral. Capers vii. 61 It's no wondher ye fale queer, not at all, cos ye've bin raatching, an yawking, an sobbin, iver since ye've bin on boord.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Yauk, or Yawk, to gape; also, to retch or reach in vomiting.

1901 F. E. Taylor Folk-speech S. Lancs. Yawk, to hawk, to clear the throat of phlegm.

2000 S. King On Writing 21 I felt all right for a while, and then I yarked all over the floor.

2. transitive. To vomit up (something). Frequently with up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit

spew971

aspewc1200

to gulch out?c1225

casta1300

vomea1382

brake1393

evacuec1400

to cast outa1425

deliver?a1425

voida1425

evomec1450

evomit?a1475

disgorge1477

to cast up1483

degorge1493

vomish1536

retch1538

parbreak1540

reject1540

vomit1541

evacuate1542

revomit1545

belch1558

vomit1560

to lay up1570

upvomit1582

to fetch up1599

puke1601

respew1606

inbelch1610

spew1610

to throw up1614

exgurgitate1623

out-spew1647

egurgitate1656

to throw off1660

to bring up1719

pick1828

sick1924

yark1927

barf1960

to park the tiger1970

vom1991

1927 Amer. Speech 2 367/2 Take this medicine now, and you will soon york it up.

2001 G. Keillor Lake Wobegon Summer 1956 90 He choked and yarked up some pudding.

2011 @AlternateRowan 26 May in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Cricket commentary interrupted by sound of cat yarking something unpleasant onto the carpet.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.1555

v.¹c1000

v.²c1424

v.³1867

单词	yark
释义	yarkn. Brit. /jɑːk/, U.S. /jɑrk/, Scottish English /jark/ Forms: see yark v.² Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: yark v.² Etymology: Apparently < yark v.² Compare earlier yert n. and also jerk n.¹ N.E.D. (1921) also includes the sense ‘an impulse, eager desire’, based on the following quotation. The text is possibly corrupt, as the Spanish original has †yerua herb (now hierba : see herb n.) in a passage discussing the use of poison in hunting:1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 308 Cincius did much delight to goe on hunting, & had a fine yeark [Sp. yerua muy fina] to kill the Bore & other venerie in the mountaines. Now Scottish and English regional (northern). 1. a. A sharp blow with a whip, hand, or other object; a stroke, a lash. Also: the sound of a sharp blow; a crack; a thud. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of blow or fall > [noun] smitea1200 smita1425 yark1555 riprapc1580 brattlea1600 verberation1609 whack1737 whang1770 swash1789 plunk1809 tack1821 pong1823 snop1849 thunge1849 knap1870 thung1890 pow1931 thunk1952 bonk1957 the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > [noun] > a sharp or smart blow dab1300 rapc1330 thresta1400 bruntc1400 knap14.. yedderc1440 gird1487 yert1509 fillip1543 yark1555 flewet1570 stingera1577 flirt1577 wherret1577 riprapc1580 spang1595 nick1651 lick1680 flip1692 yowf1711 clink1722 wherrya1726 click1773 whither1791 swata1800 yank1818 snock1825 clip1830 snop1849 clinkera1863 siserary1893 blip1894 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [noun] > crack or snap > of whip yark1555 whip-cracking1775 smack1781 whip-crack1893 1555 Hawes' Pastime of Pleasure (new ed.) iv. sig. Ciii^v In her hande, a strong knotted whippe At euery yarke [1517 Iarte], she made hym for to skyppe. 1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie xxiv. 143/2 As soone as the wicked feele but one yirke of the rod with Gods hand. 1593 T. Churchyard Challenge 23 No wisdomes lore, nor men of noble fame, Can scape thy scourge, it giues so sore a yarke. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 35 They gaue mee the yarke with the spurre. 1682 Heraclitus Ridens 21 Feb. 1/1 Our Province is to lash a rout of wanton and disloyal people, and if any will be outermost and so get a yerk that makes 'em smart, let them hereafter learn to hide themselves in the croud. 1788 J. Skinner Christmass Bawing in Caledonian Mag. Sept. 502 Wi' a yawfou' yark,..He derfly dang the bark Frae's shin that day. 1860 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 7) Pref. p. xxiii Clinching every decision with the ‘yerk’ of a spadeful of earth on the grave's brink. 1871 J. Milne Sel. Poems & Songs 89 It flew oure the houses like a lark An doun on the fouk's taes fell wi' a yark. 1926 Scots Mag. Oct. 21 When she was properly angry, we were promised ‘a yirk on the side o' the heid’. 2014 @SammyyPeee 16 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) He's getting a yark round the lug when he gets home. †b. figurative. An insulting or mocking remark; a cutting jibe. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [noun] > instance of gesta1387 quippy1519 quip1532 irony1534 nip1549 taunta1566 slent?1567 gamegall1577 yark1577 veny1586 jerk1590 wipe1596 glance1602 satire1606 by-wipe1641 quib1656 trait1704 skit1727 slant1825 ironism1842 wiper1846 by-quip1855 satirization1868 snapper1890 crack1896 1577 tr. ‘F. de L'Isle’ Legendarie sig. F.j^v Du Tillet, who had receiued a shrewd yerke, excused him selfe for euer after. 1682 Heraclitus Ridens 22 Aug. 1/1 More out of dread of a Yerk from Heraclitus, than of all the Penalties in the Statue-Book. 1689 E. Bohun Answer Desertion Discuss'd 5 To call the Breach of the Original Contract pretended, and a Popular Flourish, is a yerk of Malitious Reflection. 1824 J. Hogg in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 301/1 The ill-hued weazel-blawn thing of a brother, never missed an opportunity of gieing me a yerk wi' his ill-scrapit tongue. 2. †a. An act of a horse lashing out with its hind legs; a kick. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [noun] > kicking > kick kick1530 yark1581 lunge1817 fling1852 the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > [noun] > with the foot > kicking > a kick spurna1300 kick1530 yark1581 wince1612 pote1781 funk1808 spang1863 leather1883 root1907 boot1942 hoof1985 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades vi. 120 The horse, That..With many frisks and yerks behinde, his head doth cast aloft. 1618 M. Baret Hipponomie i. 9 There is no foale..but will both leap,..turne loftily, fetch such yarks behind, that it is very delightfull to behold. 1623 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. (ed. 3) i. ii. 26 With your rod giue him a good ierke vnder the belly..when you please to giue the ierke, he will then giue the yerke. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iv. xii. 191 Twenty thousand of them..battering the Warriors Faces into Mummy, by terrible Yerks from their hinder Hoofs. 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man III. 357 He..attacked the couple with his heels, prostrate as they were, yerk for yerk, indiscriminately. b. A quick, suddenly arrested movement; a sharp, sudden pull, throw, push, thrust, or twist; a jerk. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > [noun] > jerking > a jerk spang1513 lipe1545 job1560 jert1568 abraid1570 jerk1575 flirta1592 yark1610 slip1615 flerka1653 hitch1674 toss1676 hotch1721 saccade1728 surge1748 flip1821 snatch1822 fling1826 kick1835 chuckc1843 jolt1849 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 218 But they, after that the shippe is discharged of her load returne home againe with one yerke of their oares. 1657 R. Josselin Diary 4 Mar. (1976) 392 In the morning I had a very violent yirke of the crampe in my left calfe. 1882 ‘J. Strathesk’ Bits from Blinkbonny xii. 268 Dresses in those days were fastened by hooks and eyes at the back, and many a firm ‘yerk’ it took to make them meet. 1913 Railway Carmen's Jrnl. Sept. 552/1 The doctor seized the ankle, put his fut in Sandy's oxter, and gied the leg sic a yerk that the lad was nigh pulled in twa. 1996 S. Blackhall Wittgenstein's Web 187 Wi a gryte yark o his hurdies an a skelp o his flippers, Zeffirino brakk frae the sea tae fob. †c. A jerking or heaving sensation in the throat as a result of having drunk too much port. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of throat > [noun] > other throat disorders roup1579 noma1676 yark1806 sprue1880 smoker's throat1888 traction diverticulum1897 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. ix. 211 The yerk, or throe, in the throat, that follows the last bumper of port. 1831 Examiner 8 May 290/1 The yerk of the third bottle of hot nastiness [i.e. port]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † yarkv.¹ Forms: Old English gearcian, Middle English ȝearceon, ȝeirke, Middle English ȝarke, Middle English ȝarrkenn ( Orm.), ȝearkien, ȝarki, -i(e)n, ȝærek-, ȝarekien, ȝerke, Middle English yark. Etymology: Old English gearcian , < gearu yare adj. with factitive suffix as in ieldcian to delay, < eald old. Obsolete. a. transitive (and reflexive). To make ready, prepare. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1175 readya1225 biredienc1275 to make yarec1290 forgraitha1300 adightc1330 buskc1330 purveyc1330 agraith1340 disposec1375 before-graithea1382 to forge and filec1381 to make readya1382 devisec1385 bounc1390 buss?a1400 address?a1425 parel?a1425 to get upc1425 providec1425 prepare1449 bakec1450 aready1470 arm?a1505 prevenea1522 get?1530 to get ready1530 to get ready1530 to set in readiness1575 apply1577 compose1612 predy1627 make1637 to dispose of1655 do1660 fallowa1764 to line up1934 prep1936 tee1938 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1230 dightc1275 to make yarec1290 arrayc1320 tirec1330 agraith1340 buska1350 readya1350 dressc1350 shapec1374 disposec1375 ordainc1380 rayc1380 makec1390 bouna1400 updressa1400 fettlec1400 address1447 ettlec1450 aready1470 to make oneself forth1488 busklea1555 poise1639 arrange1865 c1000 Ælfric Genesis xix. 3 He þa gearcode him gereord and hig æton. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1091 (Laud) Þa gearcode he his fare & to Englelande com. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 19 He haueð us iȝarket þa ecche blisse ȝif we wulleð hit iernien in heuene riche. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9151 Forr þatt he wollde ȝarrkenn hemm. Onnȝæness cristess come. a1225 Leg. Kath. 2334 Ich am ȝarow to al þe wa þet tu const me ȝarkin. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11615 Ȝarkieð [c1300 Otho Ȝarkep] bi þan flode mine scipen gode. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. vii. 80 He þat ȝiueth, ȝeldeth and ȝarketh hym to reste. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8856 Was neuer man born þat cuth wirc Ne yark suilk a-noþer kirc. c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 6070 His men he ȝarked Euerychon vnto that fyght. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 882 He forȝet not, but ȝepely ȝarkit hym þerfore. 1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum To Yark, (N[orth] C[ountry]) to prepare. b. To put in a position; to set, place. yark to, to shut; yark up, to open. Also figurative, passive and intransitive, to pass into a state. ΘΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] doeOE layc950 seta1000 puta1225 dight1297 pilt?a1300 stow1362 stick1372 bestowc1374 affichea1382 posec1385 couchc1386 dressa1387 assize1393 yarkc1400 sita1425 place1442 colloque1490 siegea1500 stake1513 win1515 plat1529 collocate1548 campc1550 posit1645 posture1645 constitute1652 impose1681 sist1852 shove1902 spot1937 the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc. to do upOE to-thrustc1175 to weve upc1275 unshutc1315 to set upa1387 unyarka1400 to let up1400 yark upc1400 reclude?1440 dupa1549 dub1699 the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close (a door, window, etc.) shutc1000 steek?c1225 makec1300 speara1325 yark toc1400 to shut toc1450 to put toa1500 warpc1540 enclose1563 to pull to1673 dub1753 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 820 Þay ȝolden hym þe brode ȝate, ȝarked vp wyde. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 414 Yong men yepely yarke into Elde. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5595 Now is ȝepely a yere yarket to end. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6081 For to ȝarpe [sic] vp the ȝate he ȝepely comaund. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10738 Þai ȝarkit to þe yatis ȝepely onon. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11265 Þai kepyn the cloyse of this clene burgh, With ȝep men at þe yatis ȝarkit full þik. c. To ordain, decree, appoint; to grant, bestow. ΘΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] forgivec900 giveOE besetc1230 deala1250 i-yevec1275 to give (requite, etc.) into one's bosomc1386 yarka1400 wevec1400 yatec1400 administera1425 bequeathc1440 employa1492 exhibit1548 communicate1553 endue1587 cast1612 hand1650 to lay on1942 society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint asetc885 teachc897 deemc900 ashapea1000 i-demeOE setc1000 shiftc1000 stevenOE redeOE willOE lookc1175 showc1175 stablea1300 devise1303 terminea1325 shapec1330 stightlea1375 determinec1384 judgea1387 sign1389 assize1393 statute1397 commanda1400 decree1399 yarka1400 writec1405 decreetc1425 rule1447 stallc1460 constitute1481 assignc1485 institute1485 prescribec1487 constitue1489 destinate1490 to lay down1493 make?a1513 call1523 plant1529 allot1532 stint1533 determ1535 appointa1538 destinec1540 prescrive1552 lot1560 fore-appoint1561 nominate1564 to set down1576 refer1590 sort1592 doom1594 fit1600 dictate1606 determinate1636 inordera1641 state1647 fix1660 direct1816 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8982 Hard it es, þe wird o sin þat yarked was til adam kin! c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 758 Ȝif þou ȝernez hit, ȝet ȝark I hem grace. c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 329 Such sorow was her ȝarked ȝore. Derivatives † ˈyarking n.¹ Obsolete preparation. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] yarkingc1000 forgraithinga1300 apparellingc1315 ordinancec1330 purveyancec1330 graithinga1340 purveying1340 providencea1382 making readyc1384 preparationa1393 paring1393 provisiona1398 parelc1425 apparelc1430 parelling?a1440 ablingc1450 munition1480 preparing1497 arraya1500 readyinga1500 repurveancea1500 ordaining1509 apparation1533 preparementa1538 apprest1539 preparaturea1540 preparance1543 order1545 apparance1546 prepare1548 fore-preparationa1586 ettlingc1600 apparelment1607 parationa1617 comparation1623 address1633 apparatus1638 prep1920 c1000 Ags. Ps. ix. 20 [x. 17] Gearcunge heortan [L. præparationem cordis]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10800 Itt [sc. John's baptism] wass ȝarrkinng ȝæn fulluhht Þatt crist sellf shollde settenn. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). yarkv.² Brit. /jɑːk/, U.S. /jɑrk/, Scottish English /jark/ Forms: Middle English– yerk Brit. /jəːk/, U.S. /jərk/, Scottish English /jɛrk/, 1500s york, 1500s–1600s yarke, 1500s–1600s yeark, 1500s–1600s yearke, 1500s–1600s yirke, 1500s–1800s yirk, 1500s– yark, 1600s ierk, 1600s yercke (Scottish), 1800s yack (English regional (northern and midlands)), 1800s yahk (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1800s yake (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1800s yawk (U.S. regional (New England)), 1800s yuck (U.S. regional (Virginia)), 1500s–1600s (1800s English regional (Cheshire)) yerke, 1900s yek (English regional (Nottinghamshire)), 1900s– yirg (Scottish (Orkney and Shetland)). Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably partly an imitative of expressive formation. Etymology: Origin uncertain; probably at least partly an expressive formation, expressive of a jerking movement. Compare later jerk v.¹ Perhaps compare also firk v.The word appears first as a technical term in shoemaking (in sense 1), probably with reference to the sharp movement needed to tighten up some kinds of leather sewing. Slightly earlier currency in this sense is implied by Anglo-Norman yarker (a1408 in an isolated attestation in cosier et yarker to sew and yark), which is apparently < English. With branch II. compare slightly earlier yert n. and later yark n. (both apparently first attested in the same passage in different editions of a single text; compare the readings listed at quot. 1555 at yark n. 1a). Now chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and U.S. regional. I. Senses relating to stitching or binding. †1. intransitive. Shoemaking. To stitch together the parts of a boot or shoe; to draw stitches tight when sewing. Also transitive with the shoe or shoe leather as object. Obsolete (Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (intransitive)] > carry out specific processes yarkc1424 sole1570 sprig1885 c1424–34 in M. Sellers York Memorandum Bk. (1912) I. 194 (MED) Pro sutura xij parium sotularum yerkyd ad manum, iiij d. 1590 Cobler of Caunterburie 18 His wife sitting by him when hee was yerking of his shooes. 1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. D3 Eyre. Yarke and seame, yarke and seame. Firke. For yarking & seaming let me alone, & I come toot. 1881 W. Gregor Notes Folk-lore N.-E. Scotl. iv. 20 Thou hast given us leather to yark, and leather to bark, oot-seam awls, and in-seam awls. 2. transitive. Scottish. To bind (something) tightly; to bind or join (something) to something else. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > bind > tightly strain1340 frap1548 perligate1623 yark1802 thrap1813 1802 J. Sibbald Chron. Sc. Poetry IV. Gloss. Yerk, to bind tightly, as with a small cord. 1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake i. viii. 86 And they yerkit his limbis with twine. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xiv, in Tales of my Landlord* 2nd Ser. IV. 367 His hands and feet are yerked as tight as cords can be drawn. 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. vii. 269 Eight horses,..every one with its head yerked to the tail of the one before him. 1908 J. Lumsden Doun i' th' Loudons 178 Sae we our chariots saucht again—(This time yerk'd to a railway train, At Co'path, on the line ca'd ‘Main’). 1950 C. U. Gardiner in Sc. National Dict. (1976) X. 267/1 Yerk it thegether wi a bit thread. II. Senses relating to striking or beating. 3. a. transitive. To strike (a person or animal), esp. with a whip or rod; to beat, thrash, or flog. Now Scottish and English regional (northern). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > strike with an object > with something pliant yarka1529 jerk1550 whissa1578 cut1607 scutch1611 slash1660 lashc1694 whip1699 switch1832 a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Bii^v A carter..That with his whyp his mares was wonte to yarke. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. vii. sig. Ff^v That same foole..Was Scorne, who hauing in his hand a whip, Her therewith yirks . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 5 Nine or ten times, I had thought to haue ierk'd him here, Vnder the ribbes. View more context for this quotation 1631 J. Done Polydoron 211 When I observe a cruell Carter yerke and slash but a poore over-toyld Iade. 1703 S. Centlivre Love's Contrivance iv. ii. 45 I'll yerk the sullen Devil out of you. a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 159 Their skins are gayly yarkit And peel'd thir days. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (at cited word) Aw'l yark yah, yah dirty bastard yah. 1833 Blackwood's Mag. Oct. 550/1 We should yerk the yokel of a Yankee with the knout. 1922 W. Gibson Krindlesyke iii. 116 I've seen him hike a man, And a heftier man than you, over a dyke, For yarking a lame beast. 2014 @nickthoburn93 19 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Went out in ashington last night and some youngin yarked the bouncer cause he id'd him. †b. transitive. To crack (a whip). Also intransitive: (of a whip) to crack. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [verb (intransitive)] > crack or snap > of whip yarka1566 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sharp or hard sound > [verb (transitive)] > crack or snap > a whip yarka1566 slash1660 smack1699 flank1830 spank1835 a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fij^v When ich was a lusty fellow, and could yarke a whip trimly. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxii. 48 He would..make a whippe to yarke and lash, as cunningly as any Carter in France. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. ii. 9 Euery man drew forth his whip, and began to yerke the same. †c. intransitive. Scottish. To strike at something; to deal blows. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] slay971 smitelOE flatc1330 flap1362 acoupc1380 frapa1400 girda1400 hit?a1400 knocka1400 swap?a1400 wapa1400 castc1400 strike1509 befta1522 to throw about one1590 cuff1596 to let down1640 dunch1805 yark1818 bunt1867 1818 G. Beattie John o' Arnha' (ed. 2) 30 He swat and yarkit wi' his hammer. 1829 J. Hogg in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 694 To a smith he was enter'd, to yerk at the stiddy, But he lamed the auld smith, and he fired the smiddy. 4. figurative. a. transitive. To afflict, assail, or verbally attack (a person or thing); to be an irritation to. Also: to stir to activity, to excite. Now chiefly Scottish and U.S. (chiefly in form yerk). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)] astirc1000 stir?c1225 araisec1374 entalentc1374 flamec1380 reara1382 raisec1384 commove1393 kindlea1400 fluster1422 esmove1474 talent1486 heavec1540 erect?1555 inflame1560 to set on gog1560 yark1565 tickle1567 flesh1573 concitate1574 rouse1574 warmc1580 agitate1587 spirit1598 suscitate1598 fermentate1599 nettle1599 startle1602 worka1616 exagitate1621 foment1621 flush1633 exacuatea1637 ferment1667 to work up1681 pique1697 electrify1748 rattle1781 pump1791 to touch up1796 excite1821 to key up1835 to steam up1909 jazz1916 steam1922 volt1930 whee1949 to fire up1976 geek1984 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > ill-treat [verb (transitive)] tuckc888 tawc893 misbedeOE graithc1330 to fare fair or foul with1340 misusea1382 outrayc1390 beshrewc1430 huspelc1440 misentreat1450 mistreat1453 abuse?1473 to mayne evil1481 demean1483 to put (a person) to villainya1513 harry1530 mishandle1530 touse1531 misorder1550 worrya1556 yark1565 mumble1588 buse1589 crow-tread1593 disabuse1607 maltreat1681 squeeze1691 ill-treat1794 punish1801 tousle1826 ill-use1841 razoo1890 mess1896 to play horse with1896 to bugger about1921 slug1925 to give (a person) the works1927 to kick about or around1938 mess1963 1565 [implied in: R. Shacklock tr. S. Hozjusz Hatchet of Heresies f. 82 They.., following the example of theire Master Luther can not staye themselues from stuffing all theire bokes, with mockyng and mowing, iyrkyng and yerkyng, stingyng and wrynggin farre otherwyse then it becometh Christians. (see yarking n.² 2)]. ?1569 T. Broke Slaunderous Libell sig. B.ii Of hys leud lyfe I loth to thinke, to write it all it yerketh me: Tho young I rather wishe thee mend, least old thou proue as ill as he. 1583 A. Fleming Table Doctr. in A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie sig. Nnnnn2/1 How we thinke vpon the Aduersities wherewith God yerketh vs. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 10 Arrius will shake the Church: Macchiauell will yerke the Commonwealth. 1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 37 I with my Pen doe meane to yerke and ferke ye. 1786 R. Burns Poems 70 My fancy yerket up sublime Wi' hasty summon. 1797 T. Poole in M. E. Sandford T. P. & Friends (1888) I. 221 The weight of government, which our ministry has cause[d] to touch and yark every individual where he never felt it before. a1821 J. Keats Otho iii. ii, in R. M. Milnes Life, Lett. & Lit. Remains Keats (1848) II. 157 Ay, Satan! does that yerk ye? 1851 G. Outram Legal Lyrics 16 In vain he yerked his souple head, To find an ambiguity. 1864 Illustr. London News 14 May 470/1 It ‘yerks one’, as Lord Burleigh has it, to see Murder walk away scot-free! 1898 J. R. Imray Sandy Todd's Wooin' vii. 66 I hae been unco sair yarkit wi' the wark at hame. 1916 Newark (Ohio) Advocate 12 Dec. 4/4 Oh, the joy o' livin' a natural life! Of jest livin' as the common people do with no sociable duties to yerk you. 2011 @semanticwill 29 May in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Personally, between you, me, and all of twitter, I don't like non-designers talking about design. It yerks me. b. intransitive. With at: to find fault with a specified person or thing. Chiefly Scottish in later use. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > captiously upbraidc1290 bite1330 to gnap at1533 carp1550 cavil1581 carp1587 to pick at ——1603 to pick a hole (also holes) in1614 yark1621 vellicate1633 to peck at1641 snob1654 ploat1757 to get at ——1803 crab1819 to pick up1846 knock1892 snark1904 kvetchc1950 to pick nits1978 1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 392 Almost in euery Paragraph, either he yerketh at his neighbours credit, or commendeth his owne chickens. 1673 M. Locke Present Pract. Musick 75 In his testy Choler, yerking also at Hudibrass, Rablaise, and Don Quixot, Authors in their kind, whose Trenchers he is not worthy to scrape. 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 491 Onything's mair preferable than yerk yerkin' at every thing said by a wiser man than yoursel. 1915 T. W. Paterson Auld Saws 100 Croon a' yer neibours' kindness By yerkin at it fell. 2009 @DaftRebel 28 Dec. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) The bastards who yark at me for having no tact are the same fucks who bitch at me for not talking at parties. c. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). To talk excessively, tiresomely, or interminably; to moan, complain. Frequently with on. ΚΠ 1950 W. Kemp Cornkisters 10 She'll be yarkin' an' barkin' wi' a' her great micht, Rag tousily Meg. 2003 Evening Gaz. (Middlesbrough) (Nexis) 25 Nov. 42 I've been yarking on for ages about trying out the young strikers we have and this is the time to do it. 2009 M. Faber in Sunday Times (Nexis) 2 Aug. (Mag. section) 54 ‘Ach, this room has aye been fashious and fykie,’ he said. ‘Aye yirnin' and yarkin', niver happy! But daen't ye worry. It'll shut up efter a whilie.’ 2011 @Daized 29 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Think you are the only ones on my twitter not yarking about the bloody wedding. 2017 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. (Nexis) 13 Apr. 26 I eence filled in for a shift in my Queen Street days and I tell ye, there wiz ayewiz somedee yarking on at ye. III. Senses relating to jerking. 5. a. intransitive. Chiefly with out. Of a horse: to fling out the hind legs; to kick or lash out with the hind legs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > kick startleOE kickc1386 winch1483 fling1487 yark?1561 smite1600 to lash out1852 to kick over the traces1861 ?1561 [implied in: T. Blundeville Newe Bk. Arte of Ryding ii. xxviii. sig. M.iii^v Which beast beinge dysposed to playe, vseth in his runninge a prety kinde of iumpinge and doublyng with hys legges, aboue grounde, making a certaine semblaunce of yarking & yet yarketh not in dede. (at yarking n.² 1)]. 1566 T. Blundeville Fower Offices Horsemanshippe Pref. sig. Aiii It is requisite that the stirrer besides all this, learne to bounde alofte with all foure, & to yarke withall. 1570 T. North tr. A. F. Doni Morall Philos. iv. f. 99 He will yerke out behinde and put him in daunger of his life. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 724 The horse..would let no man get vp on his backe,..but would yerke out at them. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius f. 158^v He [sc. the horse] chaufeth & champeth vpon the bridle, commeth a loft, yorketh out with his heeles behinde. 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 171 You shall obserue that when he yarketh, he yark out his hinder feete euen & close together. 1754 R. Berenger tr. C. Bourgelat New Syst. Horsemanship xxi. 146 If he lifts or tosses up his Croupe, or yerks out, fling your Shoulders back without turning your Head to one side or the other. 1990 G. McCaughrean Fires' Astonishment xvi. 204 He mounted the horse off the tail-board, and the clogs swung and clacked beneath its belly, startling it so that it yerked and pitched. †b. transitive. With out. Of a horse: to fling (the hind legs); to kick or lash out with (the hind legs). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 792 Yerking out the heeles, rysing vppon the hinder legs, going side-long, and other froward touches of such vnbroken Coltes. 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 171 You shall obserue that when he yarketh, he yark out his hinder feete euen & close together. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. vii. 78 [Wounded steeds] with wilde rage Yerke out their armed heeles at their dead masters. View more context for this quotation 1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) at Capriole The Goat-leap, when a Horse at the full height of his Leap, yerks or strikes out his Hind-Legs. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed xiii, in Tales Crusaders I. 231 Mahound yerked out his hoofs. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) T'horse yarkd out baath his hinder fit. 1864 Dollar Monthly Mag. Aug. 146/2 The coal-black war-horse..plunged into the little English band, yerking out his heels, biting furiously, and overthrowing men on all sides. 6. a. transitive. To pull, push, or throw (a person or thing) with a quick, suddenly arrested movement; to jerk. Now chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and U.S. regional. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > with a jerk fillip1535 yark1568 flip1616 flick1816 the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > suddenly shootc1075 flapc1320 flatc1330 spang1513 yark1568 flirt1582 cant1685 jerk1708 flip1712 shuttle1823 spring1884 1568 J. Fen tr. J. Osório Learned Treat. Haddon i. f. 7^v When you are pricked and yearked foorth with the goades of your owne madnes. 1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 359 He that yerks old angells out apace. 1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. sig. D3^v But when I yerkt them [sc. dice] forth, away they ranne like Irish Lackeys. 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 83 When a great sea comes to yerk up the ship. 1651 J. Smith Loves Hero & Leander 16 Leander now turnes on his back, He yerks out legs and lets armes slack. 1836 C. Hooton Adventures Bilberry Thurland I. xiv. 258 He..seized the parson by the chin and ears and yerked him upwards several times. 1840 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 3rd Ser. xiii. 181 I'd larn him how..to yawk the reins with both hands. 1861 Godey's Lady's Bk. May 410/2 Seen from in front, as he yerked his head in the air, he was quite like an ostrich. 1995 D. McLean Bunker Man 14 He allowed himself to be yarked along, and within a few minutes they were through the far end of the town. 2012 @NatashaNUFC 15 Mar. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I just got yarked about like a rag doll! b. intransitive. To move with a jerk or jerks; to jerk. Now chiefly Scottish, English regional, and U.S. regional.Quot. 1981 may show an error for jerk. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > make sudden movement [verb (intransitive)] > jerk hotchc1440 hitch?1518 jerk1606 flounce1609 fluce1627 yarka1640 quirk1821 flip1862 a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Sea Voy. i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaaa/1 How she [sc. a ship] kicks and yerks. 1867 G. W. Harris Sut Lovingood 297 He yerk'd back a littil es the lick cum, an' hit went thru the dubil ove the hide. 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xv. 173 We saw the wee flag yirk up to the mast-heid. 1923 E. Gepp Essex Dial. Dict. (ed. 2) 123 Yark, yerk, to jerk, flop about. 1981 A. Graf tr. S. Sanbaev in I. Kramov Voice of Steppe 259 He cried out, his body yerking, and weakly and ridiculously swung his whip. 7. a. transitive. With up. To produce (something, esp. a piece of work) rapidly or hastily; to come up with. Now rare.In later use chiefly in historical contexts. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > write beforehand prescribe?a1475 yark1592 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes E4^v In a night & a day would he [sc. Robert Greene] haue yarkt vp a Pamphlet as well as in seauen yeare. 1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 88 You are able to shape your aduersary an answere, and yerke vp a booke in a night. 1953 A. Walker Textual Probl. of First Folio iii. 43 The spelling of Okes's manuscript was evidently marked by the kind of vulgarism..found in many bad quartos yarked up by actors. 1977 J. Greenway Amer. Trad. 88 Zingg finally yarked up five character witnesses for Singh: three professors, a judge, and a bishop. b. transitive. Scottish. With off, out, or up. To begin to play or sing (a song or piece of music); to strike up. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > take part in ball [verb (transitive)] > open or start (the dance) to lead up1731 to lead out1776 yark1818 to lead off1881 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform (music) [verb (transitive)] > strike up to strike up1549 yark1892 1818 G. Beattie John o' Arnha' (ed. 2) 57 A' the devils in a ring Yarkit up the Highland fling. 1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 287 Yerk us aff a sang belyve. 1940 W. L. Ferguson Poems 72 The precentor, on his feet Yerks oot Kilmarnock wi a bleat. †8. transitive. With out. To express (something) in a jerky or abrupt manner; to utter (words or sounds) sharply and shortly, or in stops and starts. Cf. jerk v.¹ 5. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > haltingly or jerkily hobblea1529 jerk1602 yark1604 1604 T. Middleton Ant & Nightingale sig. C3 He began to speake to the richest of our number, euer and anon, yerking out the word Fines. 1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to J. Arbuckle 14 Yerking those words out which lye nearest. 9. †a. intransitive. Esp. of an animal: to spring or rise up suddenly. Frequently with up. Obsolete (Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by locomotion > locomotion of animals > [verb (intransitive)] > spring or rise suddenly yark1612 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > suddenly astartc1275 startc1275 yark1612 sturt1674 spurk1691 jump1720 skyrocket1859 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion vi. 88 So doth the Salmon vaut. And if at first he faile, his second Summersaut Hee instantlie assaies; and from his nimble Ring, Still yarking [etc.]. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Yark, to rise hastily. ‘He yarks up i' th' snert of a cat [i.e. instantly].’ 1892 Mem. Dean Hole (1893) xvi. 193 It [sc. a snipe] yarked up, and screeted, and I nipped round, and blazed. b. intransitive. Scottish and English regional (northern). To engage eagerly in some proceeding; to proceed vigorously or determinedly; to press on. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] > resolutely or energetically to go to it1490 busklea1535 settle1576 to lay on1587 to put in (also get into) one's gearsa1658 to put (occasionally lay, set) one's shoulder to the wheel1678 yark1721 to get going1822 to pitch in1835 to roll up one's sleeves1838 square1849 to clap on1850 to wire in (also away)1864 to dig in1884 hunker1903 tie into1904 to get cracking1937 to get stuck in1938 to get weaving1942 to get it on1954 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 182 I will say nothing, but I will yerk [glossed Be busy] at the Thinking. 1807 J. Stagg Misc. Poems (new ed.) 52 Some teymes i' th winter neeghts, when dark We'd into th' Ladies Di'rys yark. 1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 181 We hae a lang tramp to yerk till in the morning. 1946 J. C. Milne Orra Loon 2 Hyowin' lang and dreich neep-dreels, Yarkin' on ahin' the grieve. 1988 Jrnl. Lakeland Dial. Soc. No. 50. 18 He..scuppered off as hard as he could yark. †IV. Slang uses. 10. transitive. slang. Of a man: to have sexual intercourse with (a woman). Cf. jerk v.¹ 7. Obsolete.In quot. perhaps with a pun on sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with mingeOE haveOE knowc1175 ofliec1275 to lie with (or by)a1300 knowledgec1300 meetc1330 beliea1350 yknowc1350 touchc1384 deala1387 dightc1386 usea1387 takec1390 commona1400 to meet witha1400 servea1400 occupy?a1475 engender1483 jangle1488 to be busy with1525 to come in1530 visitc1540 niggle1567 mow1568 to mix one's thigh with1593 do1594 grind1598 pepper1600 yark1600 tumble1603 to taste of1607 compressc1611 jumble1611 mix?1614 consort?1615 tastea1616 bumfiddle1630 ingressa1631 sheet1637 carnal1643 night-work1654 bump1669 bumble1680 frig?c1680 fuck1707 stick1707 screw1719 soil1722 to do over1730 shag1770 hump1785 subagitatec1830 diddle1879 to give (someone) onec1882 charver1889 fuckeec1890 plugc1890 dick1892 to make a baby1911 to know (a person) in the biblical sense1912 jazz1920 rock1922 yentz1924 roll1926 to make love1927 shtupa1934 to give (or get) a tumble1934 shack1935 bang1937 to have it off1937 rump1937 tom1949 to hop into bed (with)1951 ball1955 to make it1957 plank1958 score1960 naughty1961 pull1965 pleasurea1967 to have away1968 to have off1968 dork1970 shaft1970 bonk1975 knob1984 boink1985 fand- 1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. G2 I would haue yearkt and firkt your Priscilla. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). yarkv.³ Brit. /jɑːk/, U.S. /jɑrk/ Forms: 1800s–1900s yawk, 1800s yauk, 2000s– yark, 1900s– york, 2000s– yack (U.S.). Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: yoke v.² Etymology: Probably a variant of yoke v.² Compare earlier yesk v. and hawk v.³With the U.S. form yack (with loss of r ) compare earlier English regional (Somerset) yack to vomit (see yoke v.²), which probably shows an independent phonetic development (compare the south-western forms yock and yuck at yoke v.² β. forms). colloquial and regional. 1. intransitive. To retch; to vomit. Also: to hawk. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit spewc897 vomea1382 brake1393 perbreak?a1400 castc1440 envomish1480 parbreak1495 vomita1500 to cast the crawa1529 to cast (up), heave, spue up, vomit one's gorgea1529 galpa1535 to cast out1561 puke1586 purge1596 void1605 to jerk, shoot, whip the cat1609 rid1647 to flay the fox1653 posset1781 to shoot the cat1785 to throw up1793 throw1804 cascade1805 reject1822 yark1867 sick1924 to toss (also shoot, blow, etc.) one's cookies1927 to lose a dinner (or a meal)1941 to spew one's ring1949 chunder1950 barf1960 upchuck1960 yuck1963 ralph1966 to go for the big spit1967 vom1991 1867 J. R. Houlding Austral. Capers vii. 61 It's no wondher ye fale queer, not at all, cos ye've bin raatching, an yawking, an sobbin, iver since ye've bin on boord. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Yauk, or Yawk, to gape; also, to retch or reach in vomiting. 1901 F. E. Taylor Folk-speech S. Lancs. Yawk, to hawk, to clear the throat of phlegm. 2000 S. King On Writing 21 I felt all right for a while, and then I yarked all over the floor. 2. transitive. To vomit up (something). Frequently with up. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit spew971 aspewc1200 to gulch out?c1225 casta1300 vomea1382 brake1393 evacuec1400 to cast outa1425 deliver?a1425 voida1425 evomec1450 evomit?a1475 disgorge1477 to cast up1483 degorge1493 vomish1536 retch1538 parbreak1540 reject1540 vomit1541 evacuate1542 revomit1545 belch1558 vomit1560 to lay up1570 upvomit1582 to fetch up1599 puke1601 respew1606 inbelch1610 spew1610 to throw up1614 exgurgitate1623 out-spew1647 egurgitate1656 to throw off1660 to bring up1719 pick1828 sick1924 yark1927 barf1960 to park the tiger1970 vom1991 1927 Amer. Speech 2 367/2 Take this medicine now, and you will soon york it up. 2001 G. Keillor Lake Wobegon Summer 1956 90 He choked and yarked up some pudding. 2011 @AlternateRowan 26 May in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Cricket commentary interrupted by sound of cat yarking something unpleasant onto the carpet. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1555v.¹c1000v.²c1424v.³1867
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yarkn.

† yarkv.1

Derivatives

yarkv.2

yarkv.3

† yarkv.¹

yarkv.²

yarkv.³