writhenadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɪðn/, U.S.

/ˈrɪðən/ (in sense 4 usually)Brit.

/ˈrʌɪðn/, U.S.

/ˈraɪðən/

Forms: Old English gewriþen, Old English gewriðen, Old English wriðen, Middle English wriþen, Middle English writhun, Middle English writhyn, Middle English wryþen, Middle English ywriþen, Middle English– writhen, Middle English– wrythen (now only in sense 4), 1500s writhyne, 1500s–1600s writhin, 1800s wrivven (English regional (Lancashire)).

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English wriþen , writhe v.

Etymology: < wriþen, past participle of writhe v. Compare later wreathen adj.With sense 4 perhaps compare Old English wreoþen-hilt , adjective (in isolated use in Beowulf) designating a sword with some kind of twisted hilt, perhaps a hilt with twisted ornamentation or a hilt wrapped with a grip. In sense 4 now usually pronounced /ˈrʌɪðn/ (compare writhing n. 2). The prefixed forms Old English gewriþen , gewriðen , Middle English ywriþen could alternatively reflect the past participle of gewrīþan (see writhe v.). With writhenness n. at Derivatives compare Old English gewriþennes binding ( < gewriþen , past participle of wrīþan or gewrīþan (see writhe v.) + -ness suffix).

1. Made by twisting or interweaving two or more things; intertwined, plaited. Cf. wreathen adj. 2. Chiefly English regional (northern and north-west midlands) in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > intertwining or interweaving > [adjective] > intertwined or interwoven

writhenOE

twinedc1300

locked1488

wreathena1500

plait1529

implicatec1540

context?1541

twisted1548

weaved1552

wreathed?1552

texed1572

well-woven1578

woven1590

interlaced1593

entrailed1599

entest1608

implicit1608

folden1612

inextricate?1615

intertissueda1616

complicatea1626

enwreathed1631

interwoven1642

inwoven1667

intertwineda1680

plectilea1682

well-wove1690

implicated1761

osiered1820

inwrought1824

complected1828

impleached1829

internetted1849

enlaced1851

threaded1853

interknit1885

interwrought1895

pleached1896

interweaved1898

OE Cynewulf Elene 24 Garas lixtan, wriðene wælhlencan. Wordum ond bordum hofon herecombol.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. ii. 9 Wymmen..ournynge hem silf, not in writhun heeris, ethir in gold..but that that bicometh wymmen.

c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 3 A corde wel writhen that bi places was knet.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 113/2 Corona pactilis,..a writhen garland.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 221 Many cords of wrythen and twisted sinewes.

1733 T. Gent Antient & Mod. Hist. Rippon 57 They built an House..with Wrythen Wands or Boughs.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wrythen, pp...; intertwined.

1890 J. Fothergill March in Ranks III. ii. 14 Love and duty, so often entangled and intertwined—the writhen, twisted skein which Fate thrusts into our hands whether we will or not, and then, blindfolding us, bids us unravel it or die some kind of death, mental, moral, or physical.

†2. Of a fist: closed, clenched. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > [adjective] > clenched

writhenc1400

clincheda1547

steeked1565

griped1583

clubbed1625

clenched1708

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvii. l. 174 Þe wrythen fuste, or werkmanschip of fyngres.

a. Of a person’s features: twisted, contorted; (also) wrinkled. Also of a person: characterized by such features. Now chiefly literary or archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [adjective] > distorted

writhen?a1425

girning1447

mowinga1529

writhed1568

mumping1594

antic1595

frowned1598

screwed1609

sour1611

wreathed1645

fluish1674

working1717

screwed-up1728

frownful1771

grimacing1804

quirked1931

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 111^v (MED) Consider he if it shal signifie any þing of disposicioun of þe lepre..Of þe nose if it be torte, i. wrythen, grosse vlcerate within.

1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1595) 1111 A bauld writhen man.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 21 Their countenances [were] writhen and terrible.

1635 R. Johnson Hist. Tom a Lincolne (1682) ii. iii. G 3 b Her cheeks..now appeared old and writhen.

1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 447 'Till, with a writhen Mouth,..He tastes the bitter Morsel.

1825 W. Scott Talisman i, in Tales Crusaders IV. 11 My choice were rather..that my writhen features should blacken..in this evening's setting sun.

1888 W. E. Henley Bk. Verses 23 Her lip was gray and writhen.

2014 J. Dotta Price of Privilege xxix. 432 Grief and compassion lined his writhen face.

b. Of a thing: twisted out of regular shape or form; contorted. Now chiefly literary or archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [adjective] > of or relating to distortion > distorted

wrongwende?c1225

writhenc1475

thrawnc1494

tort1513

encrampised1523

wry1552

thraw?1553

contort1570

wried1576

writhed1578

turned1585

distort1588

tortured1603

wrested1609

contorted1622

distorted1635

twisted1830

wreathed1844

gnarled1851

squinched1899

contortioned1922

pretzelled1938

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adjective] > twisted spirally

woundenOE

thwarlc1400

wreathenc1400

writhenc1475

thrown1534

crinkled1558

contort1570

torqued1577

writhed1578

rivelled1594

wrested1609

twound1610

twirled1611

contorted1622

tortile1658

torcular1661

roped1681

wended?1690

twisted1725

entwisteda1800

torquated1851

barley sugar1868

spirated1871

wrangled1876

rangled1924

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 20 (MED) Þe cause whi þat þei [sc. the petrous bones] ben so tortuouse and so y-wriþen ynward is þis: ffor þe eir þat goiþ þoruȝ hem schulde resseyue sum alteracioun or þat he come to þe brayn and þat he schulde þoruȝ þilke reuolusiouns be þe more degratid.

1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 44^v A writhen arme of the tree.

1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 30 Some smoked Beeue, Hang'd on a writhen with.

1689 J. Moyle Abstr. Sea Chyrurg. ii. xiii. 61 The Muscles bruised and writhen.

1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey II. viii. 506 Dread Jove (whose arm in vengeance forms The writhen bolt..).

1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Ujb Curl'd Stone..has..writhen Lumps in it.

1850 W. Allingham Poems 66 The writhen elder spreads its creamy bloom.

1912 F. H. Burnett My Robin 4 It was my habit to sit and write there under an aged writhen tree, gray with lichen and festooned with roses.

2007 Callaloo 30 886 A massively soaring ancient tree that had strong, gracefully arched branches and exposed, writhen roots.

c. Of a smile: twisted; wry. Now rare and chiefly literary.

ΚΠ

1726 C. Ellison Most Pleasant Descr. Benwel Village 527 Whole Notes cou'd not From Country Put Produce one writhen Smile.

1894 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Ebb-tide ii ‘I'll give my father up,’ returned Herrick, with a writhen smile.

1920 Cowra (New S. Wales) Free Press 6 Nov. ‘Oh!’ she said with the writhen smile distorting her face, ‘you prefer to have our talk out in here?’

1954 A. H. Tasker & L. M. Tasker Earth Saga xxi. 247 ‘I heard you all too well,’ he said, and added with a writhen smile, ‘But Halgar—Halgar's dead.’

4. Now usually in form wrythen. Of fine metalware or (now esp.) glassware: having spirally twisted ornamentation. Also: designating ornamentation of this type. Cf. wrythening n., writhing n. 2.The sense in quot. 1543 is unclear; the reference could instead be to the coiled form of the ring (see sense 6).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > ornamental glass-work > [adjective] > decorated in relief

writhen1450

prunted1879

rigaree1923

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > artistic work in metal > [adjective] > relating to gold or silver articles > types of decoration on silver

writhen1450

frost-worked1710

cut-card1920

1450 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 140 Edmundo..unum ciphum argenti et deaurati stantem coopertum et chaceatum writhen.

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xlij/2 Item a peir of coral beedis the gawdies gilt wrythen.

1543 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 172 A writhyne rynge of golde.

1557 Inventory Cathedral Church Lincoln in Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum (1846) VI. 1289/2 One chalice, silver and gilt, with one plain patten, chased in the foot, with a writhen knop.

1897 A. Hartshorne Old Eng. Glasses 26 Standing cup and cover..with bands and dots of different colours in enamel, wrythen gilt ribs on the bowl and like vertical ribs on the foot.

1913 Connoisseur Apr. 216/1 Standing upon a wrythen stem, the bowl is surmounted with a looped design terminating in pressed bosses.

1935 Burlington Mag. Oct. 150/1 Light vertical flutings, matching the bowl and wrythen in delivery.

1970 Canad. Antiques Collector Oct. 17 The jugs and bowls are decorated with writhen ornament.

1981 Times 31 Oct. 8/6 An Edward IV wrythen-knop spoon made in London about 1463.

1997 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 29 Oct. (Late ed.) (Money section) 5 Wrythen glasses—with regular grooves spiralling from the foot to bowl—date from about this time.

†5. figurative. With reference to the meaning of something: strained, distorted, or perverted; twisted. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [adjective]

corruptc1386

racked1546

detorted?1550

wrested1551

writhen1551

writhed1562

forced1583

tortured1603

strained1609

distorted1641

violented1641

crook1647

extorted1652

refracted1655

madly wrested1656

wry1663

corrupted1699

non-natural1844

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Fii A wrythen and wrested vnderstandynge of the same.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. xiii. f. 31^v To fense themselues againste the crooked writhen suttleties with plaine and simple truthe.

6. Having a coiled or spiral appearance; arranged in coils or folds.For possible earlier evidence of this sense, see note at sense 4.Quot. a1450 shows equivalent use of forwrithen adj. (in figurative context).

ΘΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adjective] > disposed in or forming (a) coil(s)

twinedc1300

wounda1382

wreathenc1400

wrinkledc1403

wreathedc1425

whorlish1562

folded1570

writhen1584

upwound1590

entortilled1629

coiled1661

whirled1715

whirl-shaped1762

crinkum-crankum1766

convoluted1811

gyrated1822

rounded1845

vorticiform1849

looped1850

vorticose1870

convolute1874

gyrate1876

swirled1909

snake-spiral1922

a1450 (?1419–20) Friar Daw's Reply (Digby) l. 63 in P. L. Heyworth Jack Upland (1968) 75 A! forwriþen serpent, þi wyles ben aspied, Wiþ a þousand wrynkels þou vexes[t] many soules.]

1584 J. Dee Jrnl. in True & Faithful Relation Spirits (1659) i. 115 A Serpent..leaned upon her twice writhen taile.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 263/2 Linamentum tortile,..a rolled or writhen tent.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 961 The wrythen rolls of the turbant.

1693 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Metamorphoses i, in Examen Poeticum 29 His writhen Shell he takes.

1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise 258 [Full] of intertwining writhen snakes.

2013 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 31 Mar. (Final ed.) (Book review section) 23 He was inspired to produce these writhen portraits by the age-old symbolism of snakes.

Compounds

Forming adjectives with the sense ‘that has a twisted or wrinkled ——’, by combining with a noun + -ed.

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. N4^v A wearish dwarfish writhen fac'd cobler.

1683 H. Hare Situation of Paradise 182 There sate an old decrepit dothing Lover, writhen-faced and bald-pated.

c1861 J. T. Staton Rays fro th' Loominary 115 A thing that's writhen-formt.

2019 Cornish Guardian (Nexis) 19 May (Property & Living section) 31 An unusual silver mounted wrythen fluted glass claret jug.

Derivatives

† writhenness n. Obsolete rare the quality or condition of being twisted or wrinkled.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Tortness,..writhenness, wrinkledness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	writhen
释义	writhenadj. Brit. /ˈrɪðn/, U.S. /ˈrɪðən/ (in sense 4 usually)Brit. /ˈrʌɪðn/, U.S. /ˈraɪðən/ Forms: Old English gewriþen, Old English gewriðen, Old English wriðen, Middle English wriþen, Middle English writhun, Middle English writhyn, Middle English wryþen, Middle English ywriþen, Middle English– writhen, Middle English– wrythen (now only in sense 4), 1500s writhyne, 1500s–1600s writhin, 1800s wrivven (English regional (Lancashire)). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English wriþen , writhe v. Etymology: < wriþen, past participle of writhe v. Compare later wreathen adj.With sense 4 perhaps compare Old English wreoþen-hilt , adjective (in isolated use in Beowulf) designating a sword with some kind of twisted hilt, perhaps a hilt with twisted ornamentation or a hilt wrapped with a grip. In sense 4 now usually pronounced /ˈrʌɪðn/ (compare writhing n. 2). The prefixed forms Old English gewriþen , gewriðen , Middle English ywriþen could alternatively reflect the past participle of gewrīþan (see writhe v.). With writhenness n. at Derivatives compare Old English gewriþennes binding ( < gewriþen , past participle of wrīþan or gewrīþan (see writhe v.) + -ness suffix). 1. Made by twisting or interweaving two or more things; intertwined, plaited. Cf. wreathen adj. 2. Chiefly English regional (northern and north-west midlands) in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > intertwining or interweaving > [adjective] > intertwined or interwoven writhenOE twinedc1300 locked1488 wreathena1500 plait1529 implicatec1540 context?1541 twisted1548 weaved1552 wreathed?1552 texed1572 well-woven1578 woven1590 interlaced1593 entrailed1599 entest1608 implicit1608 folden1612 inextricate?1615 intertissueda1616 complicatea1626 enwreathed1631 interwoven1642 inwoven1667 intertwineda1680 plectilea1682 well-wove1690 implicated1761 osiered1820 inwrought1824 complected1828 impleached1829 internetted1849 enlaced1851 threaded1853 interknit1885 interwrought1895 pleached1896 interweaved1898 OE Cynewulf Elene 24 Garas lixtan, wriðene wælhlencan. Wordum ond bordum hofon herecombol. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. ii. 9 Wymmen..ournynge hem silf, not in writhun heeris, ethir in gold..but that that bicometh wymmen. c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 3 A corde wel writhen that bi places was knet. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 113/2 Corona pactilis,..a writhen garland. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 221 Many cords of wrythen and twisted sinewes. 1733 T. Gent Antient & Mod. Hist. Rippon 57 They built an House..with Wrythen Wands or Boughs. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wrythen, pp...; intertwined. 1890 J. Fothergill March in Ranks III. ii. 14 Love and duty, so often entangled and intertwined—the writhen, twisted skein which Fate thrusts into our hands whether we will or not, and then, blindfolding us, bids us unravel it or die some kind of death, mental, moral, or physical. †2. Of a fist: closed, clenched. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > [adjective] > clenched writhenc1400 clincheda1547 steeked1565 griped1583 clubbed1625 clenched1708 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvii. l. 174 Þe wrythen fuste, or werkmanschip of fyngres. 3. a. Of a person’s features: twisted, contorted; (also) wrinkled. Also of a person: characterized by such features. Now chiefly literary or archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [adjective] > distorted writhen?a1425 girning1447 mowinga1529 writhed1568 mumping1594 antic1595 frowned1598 screwed1609 sour1611 wreathed1645 fluish1674 working1717 screwed-up1728 frownful1771 grimacing1804 quirked1931 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 111^v (MED) Consider he if it shal signifie any þing of disposicioun of þe lepre..Of þe nose if it be torte, i. wrythen, grosse vlcerate within. 1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1595) 1111 A bauld writhen man. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 21 Their countenances [were] writhen and terrible. 1635 R. Johnson Hist. Tom a Lincolne (1682) ii. iii. G 3 b Her cheeks..now appeared old and writhen. 1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 447 'Till, with a writhen Mouth,..He tastes the bitter Morsel. 1825 W. Scott Talisman i, in Tales Crusaders IV. 11 My choice were rather..that my writhen features should blacken..in this evening's setting sun. 1888 W. E. Henley Bk. Verses 23 Her lip was gray and writhen. 2014 J. Dotta Price of Privilege xxix. 432 Grief and compassion lined his writhen face. b. Of a thing: twisted out of regular shape or form; contorted. Now chiefly literary or archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [adjective] > of or relating to distortion > distorted wrongwende?c1225 writhenc1475 thrawnc1494 tort1513 encrampised1523 wry1552 thraw?1553 contort1570 wried1576 writhed1578 turned1585 distort1588 tortured1603 wrested1609 contorted1622 distorted1635 twisted1830 wreathed1844 gnarled1851 squinched1899 contortioned1922 pretzelled1938 the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adjective] > twisted spirally woundenOE thwarlc1400 wreathenc1400 writhenc1475 thrown1534 crinkled1558 contort1570 torqued1577 writhed1578 rivelled1594 wrested1609 twound1610 twirled1611 contorted1622 tortile1658 torcular1661 roped1681 wended?1690 twisted1725 entwisteda1800 torquated1851 barley sugar1868 spirated1871 wrangled1876 rangled1924 c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 20 (MED) Þe cause whi þat þei [sc. the petrous bones] ben so tortuouse and so y-wriþen ynward is þis: ffor þe eir þat goiþ þoruȝ hem schulde resseyue sum alteracioun or þat he come to þe brayn and þat he schulde þoruȝ þilke reuolusiouns be þe more degratid. 1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 44^v A writhen arme of the tree. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. iv. 30 Some smoked Beeue, Hang'd on a writhen with. 1689 J. Moyle Abstr. Sea Chyrurg. ii. xiii. 61 The Muscles bruised and writhen. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey II. viii. 506 Dread Jove (whose arm in vengeance forms The writhen bolt..). 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Ujb Curl'd Stone..has..writhen Lumps in it. 1850 W. Allingham Poems 66 The writhen elder spreads its creamy bloom. 1912 F. H. Burnett My Robin 4 It was my habit to sit and write there under an aged writhen tree, gray with lichen and festooned with roses. 2007 Callaloo 30 886 A massively soaring ancient tree that had strong, gracefully arched branches and exposed, writhen roots. c. Of a smile: twisted; wry. Now rare and chiefly literary. ΚΠ 1726 C. Ellison Most Pleasant Descr. Benwel Village 527 Whole Notes cou'd not From Country Put Produce one writhen Smile. 1894 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Ebb-tide ii ‘I'll give my father up,’ returned Herrick, with a writhen smile. 1920 Cowra (New S. Wales) Free Press 6 Nov. ‘Oh!’ she said with the writhen smile distorting her face, ‘you prefer to have our talk out in here?’ 1954 A. H. Tasker & L. M. Tasker Earth Saga xxi. 247 ‘I heard you all too well,’ he said, and added with a writhen smile, ‘But Halgar—Halgar's dead.’ 4. Now usually in form wrythen. Of fine metalware or (now esp.) glassware: having spirally twisted ornamentation. Also: designating ornamentation of this type. Cf. wrythening n., writhing n. 2.The sense in quot. 1543 is unclear; the reference could instead be to the coiled form of the ring (see sense 6). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > ornamental glass-work > [adjective] > decorated in relief writhen1450 prunted1879 rigaree1923 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > artistic work in metal > [adjective] > relating to gold or silver articles > types of decoration on silver writhen1450 frost-worked1710 cut-card1920 1450 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 140 Edmundo..unum ciphum argenti et deaurati stantem coopertum et chaceatum writhen. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xlij/2 Item a peir of coral beedis the gawdies gilt wrythen. 1543 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 172 A writhyne rynge of golde. 1557 Inventory Cathedral Church Lincoln in Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum (1846) VI. 1289/2 One chalice, silver and gilt, with one plain patten, chased in the foot, with a writhen knop. 1897 A. Hartshorne Old Eng. Glasses 26 Standing cup and cover..with bands and dots of different colours in enamel, wrythen gilt ribs on the bowl and like vertical ribs on the foot. 1913 Connoisseur Apr. 216/1 Standing upon a wrythen stem, the bowl is surmounted with a looped design terminating in pressed bosses. 1935 Burlington Mag. Oct. 150/1 Light vertical flutings, matching the bowl and wrythen in delivery. 1970 Canad. Antiques Collector Oct. 17 The jugs and bowls are decorated with writhen ornament. 1981 Times 31 Oct. 8/6 An Edward IV wrythen-knop spoon made in London about 1463. 1997 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 29 Oct. (Late ed.) (Money section) 5 Wrythen glasses—with regular grooves spiralling from the foot to bowl—date from about this time. †5. figurative. With reference to the meaning of something: strained, distorted, or perverted; twisted. Obsolete. ΘΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [adjective] corruptc1386 racked1546 detorted?1550 wrested1551 writhen1551 writhed1562 forced1583 tortured1603 strained1609 distorted1641 violented1641 crook1647 extorted1652 refracted1655 madly wrested1656 wry1663 corrupted1699 non-natural1844 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Fii A wrythen and wrested vnderstandynge of the same. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. xiii. f. 31^v To fense themselues againste the crooked writhen suttleties with plaine and simple truthe. 6. Having a coiled or spiral appearance; arranged in coils or folds.For possible earlier evidence of this sense, see note at sense 4.Quot. a1450 shows equivalent use of forwrithen adj. (in figurative context). ΘΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adjective] > disposed in or forming (a) coil(s) twinedc1300 wounda1382 wreathenc1400 wrinkledc1403 wreathedc1425 whorlish1562 folded1570 writhen1584 upwound1590 entortilled1629 coiled1661 whirled1715 whirl-shaped1762 crinkum-crankum1766 convoluted1811 gyrated1822 rounded1845 vorticiform1849 looped1850 vorticose1870 convolute1874 gyrate1876 swirled1909 snake-spiral1922 a1450 (?1419–20) Friar Daw's Reply (Digby) l. 63 in P. L. Heyworth Jack Upland (1968) 75 A! forwriþen serpent, þi wyles ben aspied, Wiþ a þousand wrynkels þou vexes[t] many soules.] 1584 J. Dee Jrnl. in True & Faithful Relation Spirits (1659) i. 115 A Serpent..leaned upon her twice writhen taile. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 263/2 Linamentum tortile,..a rolled or writhen tent. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 961 The wrythen rolls of the turbant. 1693 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Metamorphoses i, in Examen Poeticum 29 His writhen Shell he takes. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise 258 [Full] of intertwining writhen snakes. 2013 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 31 Mar. (Final ed.) (Book review section) 23 He was inspired to produce these writhen portraits by the age-old symbolism of snakes. Compounds Forming adjectives with the sense ‘that has a twisted or wrinkled ——’, by combining with a noun + -ed. Π 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. N4^v A wearish dwarfish writhen fac'd cobler. 1683 H. Hare Situation of Paradise 182 There sate an old decrepit dothing Lover, writhen-faced and bald-pated. c1861 J. T. Staton Rays fro th' Loominary 115 A thing that's writhen-formt. 2019 Cornish Guardian (Nexis) 19 May (Property & Living section) 31 An unusual silver mounted wrythen fluted glass claret jug. Derivatives † writhenness n. Obsolete rare the quality or condition of being twisted or wrinkled.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Tortness,..writhenness, wrinkledness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < adj.OE
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