† yfeelev.

Forms: Old English gefelan, Old English gefylde (past tense, rare), Old English gifoela (Northumbrian), early Middle English ȝefele, Middle English ifele, Middle English iuele, Middle English ivele, Middle English yfele, Middle English yuele, Middle English yvele, 1600s yfeele (archaic).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch, Dutch gevoelen , Old Saxon gifōlian (Middle Low German gevȫlen ), Old High German gifuolen (Middle High German gevüelen , early modern German gefülen ) < the Germanic base of y- prefix + the Germanic base of feel v.In Old English more frequently attested than the simplex feel v., and also attested earlier in a number of senses; West Saxon prose writers (especially Ælfric) appear to show a marked preference for the synonymous verbs frede v. and yfrede v. (compare e.g. the variant reading in the late Old English recension of Ælfric's homilies cited at sense 6).

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. To have sensation, to be capable of sensory perception. Cf. feel v. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > [verb (transitive)]

fredec888

haveeOE

yfeeleOE

feelc1175

perceivec1330

comprehendc1374

find?a1425

perceiver1495

to take up1607

sensatea1652

percept1652

to suck ina1661

sense1661

appreciate1787

absorb1840

sensize1861

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > experience > [verb (transitive)]

haveeOE

cuneOE

supOE

yfeeleOE

afondOE

canOE

seeOE

knowc1175

provea1200

feelc1225

passa1325

fraistc1330

wielda1375

wita1450

experiment1484

approve1578

experiencea1586

resent1595

fand-

OE Crist III 1178 Þæt asecgan ne magum [read magun] foldbuende þurh frod gewit, hu fela þa onfundun, þa gefelan ne magun, Dryhtnes þrowinga, deade gesceafte.

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. xxxiii. 309 Seo sawl.., seo byð lifigende & mæg gefelan [L. uiuens ac sentiens].

a. transitive. To perceive or be affected by (an external stimulus) through touch, sensation of the skin, or any means other than sight, hearing, taste, or smell; to have a sensation of physical contact with (something). Cf. feel v. 1a, 1c, 1d.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. i. 156 Þa wæs æt middre neahte, þa he wæccende wæs, þa ne wiste he hwæt he gefelde cealdes æt his sidan licgan; cunno[de] ða mid his hond & sohte, hwæt þæt wære.

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. vii. 180 Sona þæs þe heo onwooc, þa gefelde heo, þæt heo wæs gehæled from hire lichoman untrymnesse.

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. lvi. 278 Se man sar gefelð æt his nafolan.

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxx. 236 Þa semninga gefeldon hi an swyn yrnan hider & þider..& þa ne mihte hit nan man geseon, & swa þeh hi hit mihton gefelan [L. quamuis sentiri potuisset].

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 123 Þa ifelde þe deofel þene hoc þe he er gredliche forswealh.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3839 Vor þe king arthur aȝen þe frount he smot..; Þo king arthure it ivelede [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ifelde, ?a1425 Digby yfelde, c1425 Harl. yuelde, a1450 London Univ. felte]..he was ney uor wraþþe wod.

b. transitive. To touch. Cf. feel v. 13a. rare.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. vii. 26 Swa mycel þysþernes..& swa gedrefedlic, þæt hit man gefelan mihte [L. tenebras..crassitudine palpabiles].

?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 51 Hit is weilawei nech ido wið ham þe cumeð swa nech to gederes þet ouðer hondli oþer oðer ifele oþer [a1250 Nero þet ouþer oþer hondlie oþer ouhwar ivele oþer].

3. transitive. To taste. Also figurative. Cf. feel v. 6.

ΚΠ

OE Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Kansas Y 103) in Speculum (1962) 37 64 Sona swa he þæs wæteres swetnesse gefelde [c1175 Bodl. 343 ifelde], ða wearð he micclon on his mode geblissod.

OE Wulfstan Baptism (Hatton 113) (1957) 178 Ealswa se lichama þonne gefelð þæs sealtes scearpnesse, swa sceal seo sawul ongytan wisdomes snotornesse.

c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 173 A swa mycele swiðor swa he þa swetnesse þæs heofenlice lifes on his mode ifeleð, swa mucele swiðor him biteriæð and unswetiæþ alle þas eorðlice þing.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 246 (MED) Hi knewen wel be zyȝþe..Ac neure naȝt ne yuelded [read yuelde] ne ne miȝte y-uele be zuelȝ [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues taste] of riȝte loue.

a. transitive. To perceive mentally; to become aware of; to know, recognize. Also with clause as object. Cf. feel v. 4.In quot. 1340²: to be conscious of (oneself).

ΚΠ

OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 40 Þæt heora nan gefelan [altered from felan] ne mihte hu hi gewurdon on slæpe, ne heora nan nyste hwær heora sawla reston.

OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) lx. 295 Efne nu þu blac list and þe modleas rest, ne gefelst þu god ne yfel.

c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) 18 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 107 Swiþe heo gan iwite And yfele þat he was mid childe.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 83 (MED) Efterward he yefþ to y-uele þet þe loue of god and uirtue is zoþ þing.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 92 (MED) He uoluelþ þe herte of loue..and him adrengþ of ane zuetnesse wonderuol zuo þet he ne may him hyealde ne him-zelue yuele.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 128 (MED) Þanne he yuelþ his kuead and knauþ his folye.

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 2291 (MED) Negussar ful wel yfeled Hou his riȝth arme lay in þe feld.

b. transitive. With clause as object. To have an impression or conviction that something is the case or is in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 9.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxxii. 380 Ða gefelde he..swa swa mycel hond & brad his heafod gehrine in ðæm dæle, þe þæt sar & seo adl on wæs.

OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 20 Mar. (2013) 68 Ða ondranc se þæs wætres ond sealde hit þæm breðer ðe him ætstod,..ond se ondranc eac þæs wætres, ond hi gefeldan begen þæt þæt wæs ðæt betste win.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 127 Þanne ðu ȝefelst þat ðu godes luue ne his eiȝe ne hafst swa swa ðu scoldest.

c. transitive. With simple object. To experience or be conscious of (a sensation, etc.). Cf. feel v. 5a.

ΚΠ

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxxiii. 244 Þa þa min mod beþohte on þa mettrumnesse, ic ne gefylde naht in me ne ne oncneow be þam sarum, þe ic ær dreah & gemunde.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 78 He ne iveleð nout his owune siknesse, & for þi he ne secheð nout leche, ne lechecreft, ne ne askeð none monne red.

a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 201 Hwi ne iuele ich þe imine breoste so swete ase þu ert?

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 172 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 436 Vn-ayseliche he miȝhte ligge oþur ani ayse i-fele.

d. transitive. With simple object and complement. To have an impression or conviction that (a person or thing) is in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 5b.

ΚΠ

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxxiii. 244 Þonne seo untrumnes eft gehwearf me to gemyndum, ic awundrode eall, þonne ic gefylde me sylfne swa swiðe strangne, þeah þe ic na ne æte.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 83 Ic ȝefele min herte ȝefrieured ðurh þine michele mildce.

e. intransitive. With complement. To have the sensation of being in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 5c.

ΚΠ

a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. i. 36 I no where hoart yfeele, but on mine head.

5. transitive. To be affected emotionally by, to sympathize with. Cf. feel v. 7b. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > [verb (transitive)] > be emotionally affected by

yfeeleOE

catcha1350

feelc1450

surprise1485

relisha1616

the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > sympathize with

yfeeleOE

to feel for ——a1533

sympathize1607

to go out1628

OE Crist III 1129 Gesegun þa dumban gesceaft..forhte gefelan frean þrowinga, ond mid cearum cwiðdun, þeah hi cwice næron.

6. transitive. To experience the effects of; to be subjected to; to be affected in condition by. Cf. feel v. 2, 3a.

ΚΠ

lOE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Vesp. D.xiv) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 69 He byð on mihte & on mæignþrymme geswutelod þan þe hine on eadmodnysse wunigende gehyren nolden, þæt heo þonne gefelan [OE Royal gefredon] his mihte swa mycele stiðlucor, swa mycle swa heo nu heora swuren to his geðylde nelleð gebegen.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 43 Þus heode sichðe bi uoren & makede wei to uuel lust & com to dede þer efter, þet almoncunn iveleð.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 31 (MED) Þe man liþ ine zenne and yvelþ þe uondinges of þe dyeule.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	yfeele
释义	† yfeelev. Forms: Old English gefelan, Old English gefylde (past tense, rare), Old English gifoela (Northumbrian), early Middle English ȝefele, Middle English ifele, Middle English iuele, Middle English ivele, Middle English yfele, Middle English yuele, Middle English yvele, 1600s yfeele (archaic). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch, Dutch gevoelen , Old Saxon gifōlian (Middle Low German gevȫlen ), Old High German gifuolen (Middle High German gevüelen , early modern German gefülen ) < the Germanic base of y- prefix + the Germanic base of feel v.In Old English more frequently attested than the simplex feel v., and also attested earlier in a number of senses; West Saxon prose writers (especially Ælfric) appear to show a marked preference for the synonymous verbs frede v. and yfrede v. (compare e.g. the variant reading in the late Old English recension of Ælfric's homilies cited at sense 6). Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To have sensation, to be capable of sensory perception. Cf. feel v. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > [verb (transitive)] fredec888 haveeOE yfeeleOE feelc1175 perceivec1330 comprehendc1374 find?a1425 perceiver1495 to take up1607 sensatea1652 percept1652 to suck ina1661 sense1661 appreciate1787 absorb1840 sensize1861 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > experience > [verb (transitive)] haveeOE cuneOE supOE yfeeleOE afondOE canOE seeOE knowc1175 provea1200 feelc1225 passa1325 fraistc1330 wielda1375 wita1450 experiment1484 approve1578 experiencea1586 resent1595 fand- OE Crist III 1178 Þæt asecgan ne magum [read magun] foldbuende þurh frod gewit, hu fela þa onfundun, þa gefelan ne magun, Dryhtnes þrowinga, deade gesceafte. OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. xxxiii. 309 Seo sawl.., seo byð lifigende & mæg gefelan [L. uiuens ac sentiens]. 2. a. transitive. To perceive or be affected by (an external stimulus) through touch, sensation of the skin, or any means other than sight, hearing, taste, or smell; to have a sensation of physical contact with (something). Cf. feel v. 1a, 1c, 1d. ΚΠ eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. i. 156 Þa wæs æt middre neahte, þa he wæccende wæs, þa ne wiste he hwæt he gefelde cealdes æt his sidan licgan; cunno[de] ða mid his hond & sohte, hwæt þæt wære. eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. vii. 180 Sona þæs þe heo onwooc, þa gefelde heo, þæt heo wæs gehæled from hire lichoman untrymnesse. eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. lvi. 278 Se man sar gefelð æt his nafolan. OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxx. 236 Þa semninga gefeldon hi an swyn yrnan hider & þider..& þa ne mihte hit nan man geseon, & swa þeh hi hit mihton gefelan [L. quamuis sentiri potuisset]. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 123 Þa ifelde þe deofel þene hoc þe he er gredliche forswealh. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3839 Vor þe king arthur aȝen þe frount he smot..; Þo king arthure it ivelede [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ifelde, ?a1425 Digby yfelde, c1425 Harl. yuelde, a1450 London Univ. felte]..he was ney uor wraþþe wod. b. transitive. To touch. Cf. feel v. 13a. rare. ΚΠ eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. vii. 26 Swa mycel þysþernes..& swa gedrefedlic, þæt hit man gefelan mihte [L. tenebras..crassitudine palpabiles]. ?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 51 Hit is weilawei nech ido wið ham þe cumeð swa nech to gederes þet ouðer hondli oþer oðer ifele oþer [a1250 Nero þet ouþer oþer hondlie oþer ouhwar ivele oþer]. 3. transitive. To taste. Also figurative. Cf. feel v. 6. ΚΠ OE Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Kansas Y 103) in Speculum (1962) 37 64 Sona swa he þæs wæteres swetnesse gefelde [c1175 Bodl. 343 ifelde], ða wearð he micclon on his mode geblissod. OE Wulfstan Baptism (Hatton 113) (1957) 178 Ealswa se lichama þonne gefelð þæs sealtes scearpnesse, swa sceal seo sawul ongytan wisdomes snotornesse. c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 173 A swa mycele swiðor swa he þa swetnesse þæs heofenlice lifes on his mode ifeleð, swa mucele swiðor him biteriæð and unswetiæþ alle þas eorðlice þing. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 246 (MED) Hi knewen wel be zyȝþe..Ac neure naȝt ne yuelded [read yuelde] ne ne miȝte y-uele be zuelȝ [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues taste] of riȝte loue. 4. a. transitive. To perceive mentally; to become aware of; to know, recognize. Also with clause as object. Cf. feel v. 4.In quot. 1340²: to be conscious of (oneself). ΚΠ OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 40 Þæt heora nan gefelan [altered from felan] ne mihte hu hi gewurdon on slæpe, ne heora nan nyste hwær heora sawla reston. OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) lx. 295 Efne nu þu blac list and þe modleas rest, ne gefelst þu god ne yfel. c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) 18 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 107 Swiþe heo gan iwite And yfele þat he was mid childe. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 83 (MED) Efterward he yefþ to y-uele þet þe loue of god and uirtue is zoþ þing. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 92 (MED) He uoluelþ þe herte of loue..and him adrengþ of ane zuetnesse wonderuol zuo þet he ne may him hyealde ne him-zelue yuele. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 128 (MED) Þanne he yuelþ his kuead and knauþ his folye. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 2291 (MED) Negussar ful wel yfeled Hou his riȝth arme lay in þe feld. b. transitive. With clause as object. To have an impression or conviction that something is the case or is in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 9. ΚΠ eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxxii. 380 Ða gefelde he..swa swa mycel hond & brad his heafod gehrine in ðæm dæle, þe þæt sar & seo adl on wæs. OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 20 Mar. (2013) 68 Ða ondranc se þæs wætres ond sealde hit þæm breðer ðe him ætstod,..ond se ondranc eac þæs wætres, ond hi gefeldan begen þæt þæt wæs ðæt betste win. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 127 Þanne ðu ȝefelst þat ðu godes luue ne his eiȝe ne hafst swa swa ðu scoldest. c. transitive. With simple object. To experience or be conscious of (a sensation, etc.). Cf. feel v. 5a. ΚΠ OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxxiii. 244 Þa þa min mod beþohte on þa mettrumnesse, ic ne gefylde naht in me ne ne oncneow be þam sarum, þe ic ær dreah & gemunde. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 78 He ne iveleð nout his owune siknesse, & for þi he ne secheð nout leche, ne lechecreft, ne ne askeð none monne red. a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 201 Hwi ne iuele ich þe imine breoste so swete ase þu ert? c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 172 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 436 Vn-ayseliche he miȝhte ligge oþur ani ayse i-fele. d. transitive. With simple object and complement. To have an impression or conviction that (a person or thing) is in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 5b. ΚΠ OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxxiii. 244 Þonne seo untrumnes eft gehwearf me to gemyndum, ic awundrode eall, þonne ic gefylde me sylfne swa swiðe strangne, þeah þe ic na ne æte. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 83 Ic ȝefele min herte ȝefrieured ðurh þine michele mildce. e. intransitive. With complement. To have the sensation of being in the specified condition. Cf. feel v. 5c. ΚΠ a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. i. 36 I no where hoart yfeele, but on mine head. 5. transitive. To be affected emotionally by, to sympathize with. Cf. feel v. 7b. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > [verb (transitive)] > be emotionally affected by yfeeleOE catcha1350 feelc1450 surprise1485 relisha1616 the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > sympathize with yfeeleOE to feel for ——a1533 sympathize1607 to go out1628 OE Crist III 1129 Gesegun þa dumban gesceaft..forhte gefelan frean þrowinga, ond mid cearum cwiðdun, þeah hi cwice næron. 6. transitive. To experience the effects of; to be subjected to; to be affected in condition by. Cf. feel v. 2, 3a. ΚΠ lOE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Vesp. D.xiv) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 69 He byð on mihte & on mæignþrymme geswutelod þan þe hine on eadmodnysse wunigende gehyren nolden, þæt heo þonne gefelan [OE Royal gefredon] his mihte swa mycele stiðlucor, swa mycle swa heo nu heora swuren to his geðylde nelleð gebegen. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 43 Þus heode sichðe bi uoren & makede wei to uuel lust & com to dede þer efter, þet almoncunn iveleð. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 31 (MED) Þe man liþ ine zenne and yvelþ þe uondinges of þe dyeule. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.eOE
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