yirdn.v.

Forms: (also Middle English ȝerd(e, Middle English, 1700s–1800s yerd, Middle English yherde, 1500s ȝird).

Etymology: Variant of earth n.¹, earth v.

Scottish and English regional (northern).

A. n.

= earth n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun]

ground971

earthOE

fleta1000

foldOE

landOE

floor?a1400

soila1400

margin?a1425

yird1433

sulye1434

swardc1440

leaa1475

paithmentc1480

visagea1500

crust1555

mother earth1568

solum1829

carpet1918

deck1925

dutty1925

1433 Deeds rel. Orkney vi Aisiamentis..as weill under yherde as boufe yherde.

c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 681 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 27 Ihesu,..þat in þis ȝerd com fra hewine.

1533 Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks of Glasgow (1879) IV. 60 Jhon Muir..gaef staet, be yeyrd and stane, of ane bak tenement.

1550 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1880) II. 74 All..pertenens quhatsumeuir..als weill vnder the ȝird as abouf.

c1575 Balfour's Practicks (1754) 482 Thair to tak sasine thairof..be deliverance of zeird and stane.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 35 Out of the ȝeard we cutt, peates and turfes.

?a1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 195 When lyart leaves bestrow the yird.

1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. at Yird-fasts The cauld yird, the grave.

1851 Gloss. Provinc. Words Cumberland Yerd, a fox-earth.

1865 G. MacDonald Alec Forbes III. 168 ‘Sober floories that smell o' the yird like’.

1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders xxiv. 219 To afford yirds and secret caves for our Solway smugglers.

B. v.

transitive. To bury; = earth v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > bury or entomb [verb (transitive)]

bedelveOE

begraveOE

burya1000

beburyc1000

bifel-ec1000

layc1000

to fall, lull, lay (bring obs.) asleepOE

tombc1275

gravec1300

inter1303

rekec1330

to lap in leadc1340

to lay to rest, abed, to bed1340

lie1387

to louk in clay (lead, etc.)?a1400

to lay lowa1425

earthc1450

sepulture1490

to put awaya1500

tyrea1500

mould1530

to graith in the grave1535

ingrave1535

intumulate1535

sepult1544

intumil?c1550

yird1562

shrinea1566

infera1575

entomb1576

sepelite1577

shroud1577

funeral1578

to load with earth1578

delve1587

to lay up1591

sepulchrize1595

pit-hole1607

infuneral1610

mool1610

inhumate1612

inurna1616

inhume1616

pit1621

tumulate1623

sepulchrea1626

turf1628

underlay1639

urna1657

to lay to sleep, asleep1701

envaulta1745

plant1785

ensepulchre1820

sheugh1839

to put under1879

to lay away1885

1562 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 214 To David Ellis for ȝerding of Johnne Gordoune..xx s.

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 355 Thay fand yirdit in the yaird of Drum ane trvnk full of siluer plait.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) ‘Fairly yirdit’, dead and buried.

1882 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 9 No. 3. 511 The ‘Yirding of a live Cock’ to cure epilepsy.

Compounds

C1.

ΚΠ

1545 Aberd. Reg. XIX. (Jam.) Tuelf pennis Scottis of yerd-siluer.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Yirdin, thunder [see earth-din n.].

C2.

yirdfast adj. = earthfast adj. (cf. Old Norse jarðfastr). See also yird-hunger n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > [adjective] > in position > in the ground or a surface

earthfastOE

well-planted?1531

pitched1549

pight1584

yirdfasta1783

planted1806

a1783 Burd Ellen xi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 88/1 A yeard-fast stane.

1785 Select Coll. Poems Buchan Dial. 6 Whare now thy groans in dowy dens The yerd-fast stanes do thirle.

1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. Yird-fasts, large stones sticking in the yird, or earth, that the plough cannot move.

yird-drift n. = ewdendrift n.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) Yird-drift, snow, not in the act of falling, but lifted up from the ground, and driven by the wind, after it has lain for some time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > the falling of snow > snow driven by wind

ewdendrift1630

yird-drift1820

snowdrift1836

reek1894

spindrift1961

scud1969

1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 6 568 A penetrating and even suffocating yird-drift.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	yird
释义	yirdn.v. Forms: (also Middle English ȝerd(e, Middle English, 1700s–1800s yerd, Middle English yherde, 1500s ȝird). Etymology: Variant of earth n.¹, earth v. Scottish and English regional (northern). A. n. = earth n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun] ground971 earthOE fleta1000 foldOE landOE floor?a1400 soila1400 margin?a1425 yird1433 sulye1434 swardc1440 leaa1475 paithmentc1480 visagea1500 crust1555 mother earth1568 solum1829 carpet1918 deck1925 dutty1925 1433 Deeds rel. Orkney vi Aisiamentis..as weill under yherde as boufe yherde. c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 681 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 27 Ihesu,..þat in þis ȝerd com fra hewine. 1533 Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks of Glasgow (1879) IV. 60 Jhon Muir..gaef staet, be yeyrd and stane, of ane bak tenement. 1550 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1880) II. 74 All..pertenens quhatsumeuir..als weill vnder the ȝird as abouf. c1575 Balfour's Practicks (1754) 482 Thair to tak sasine thairof..be deliverance of zeird and stane. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 35 Out of the ȝeard we cutt, peates and turfes. ?a1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 195 When lyart leaves bestrow the yird. 1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. at Yird-fasts The cauld yird, the grave. 1851 Gloss. Provinc. Words Cumberland Yerd, a fox-earth. 1865 G. MacDonald Alec Forbes III. 168 ‘Sober floories that smell o' the yird like’. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders xxiv. 219 To afford yirds and secret caves for our Solway smugglers. B. v. transitive. To bury; = earth v. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > bury or entomb [verb (transitive)] bedelveOE begraveOE burya1000 beburyc1000 bifel-ec1000 layc1000 to fall, lull, lay (bring obs.) asleepOE tombc1275 gravec1300 inter1303 rekec1330 to lap in leadc1340 to lay to rest, abed, to bed1340 lie1387 to louk in clay (lead, etc.)?a1400 to lay lowa1425 earthc1450 sepulture1490 to put awaya1500 tyrea1500 mould1530 to graith in the grave1535 ingrave1535 intumulate1535 sepult1544 intumil?c1550 yird1562 shrinea1566 infera1575 entomb1576 sepelite1577 shroud1577 funeral1578 to load with earth1578 delve1587 to lay up1591 sepulchrize1595 pit-hole1607 infuneral1610 mool1610 inhumate1612 inurna1616 inhume1616 pit1621 tumulate1623 sepulchrea1626 turf1628 underlay1639 urna1657 to lay to sleep, asleep1701 envaulta1745 plant1785 ensepulchre1820 sheugh1839 to put under1879 to lay away1885 1562 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 214 To David Ellis for ȝerding of Johnne Gordoune..xx s. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 355 Thay fand yirdit in the yaird of Drum ane trvnk full of siluer plait. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) ‘Fairly yirdit’, dead and buried. 1882 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 9 No. 3. 511 The ‘Yirding of a live Cock’ to cure epilepsy. Compounds C1. ΚΠ 1545 Aberd. Reg. XIX. (Jam.) Tuelf pennis Scottis of yerd-siluer. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Yirdin, thunder [see earth-din n.]. C2. yirdfast adj. = earthfast adj. (cf. Old Norse jarðfastr). See also yird-hunger n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > [adjective] > in position > in the ground or a surface earthfastOE well-planted?1531 pitched1549 pight1584 yirdfasta1783 planted1806 a1783 Burd Ellen xi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 88/1 A yeard-fast stane. 1785 Select Coll. Poems Buchan Dial. 6 Whare now thy groans in dowy dens The yerd-fast stanes do thirle. 1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. Yird-fasts, large stones sticking in the yird, or earth, that the plough cannot move. yird-drift n. = ewdendrift n. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) Yird-drift, snow, not in the act of falling, but lifted up from the ground, and driven by the wind, after it has lain for some time. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > the falling of snow > snow driven by wind ewdendrift1630 yird-drift1820 snowdrift1836 reek1894 spindrift1961 scud1969 1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 6 568 A penetrating and even suffocating yird-drift. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.v.1433
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