| 释义 |
yogin. Origin: Of multiple origins. A borrowing from Sanskrit. Partly also a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly also a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Sanskrit yogin, yogī, jogī; Portuguese iogue; Italian gioghi. Etymology: Ultimately (i) < Sanskrit yogin (nominative yogī, also with vernacular pronunciation jogī) person with esoteric knowledge and (supposed) supernatural powers (Hindu, Buddhist, or Jain), follower or practitioner of yoga, use as noun of the masculine of -yogin (adjective) having union with, connected with (only in compounds) < yoga yoga n. + -in, suffix forming adjectives; in early use partly (ii) via Portuguese iogue, †jogue (1525; 1516 as jones, plural, probably transmission error), and partly (iii) via Italian †gioghi, †giogue (apparently c1510 as ioghe; now yogi).Compare Middle French iogue (1553 in a translation from Portuguese), ioghi (1575; French †ioguy (1637), †jaugui (1671), etc.; now yogi), Spanish †iogue (1578 or earlier; now yogui), and also (apparently < a Romance language) post-classical Latin iogues, plural (1578 or earlier). Compare further Old French cuigui (late 13th cent., in an isolated passage in Marco Polo, perhaps via Italian). In Italian, Portuguese and Spanish, the final -i of the Sanskrit etymon was apparently sometimes reinterpreted as the masculine plural ending of these languages, after which a secondary singular in-e was then formed. Compare the following, which may show a reinterpretation of Portuguese jogues after Romance singular forms in -o (with an added Dutch plural ending):1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxxiii. 64/2 Certaine people called Iogos [Du. iogos], which are such as we call Hermits, and those doe they esteeme for holy men. society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Hinduism > systems of philosophy > [noun] > yoga > adherent of α. 1613 S. Purchas i. ii. 427 The priests therefore both regular (which are the Iogues) and secular Bramenes ascended vp the roofe of the Church. 1625 S. Purchas I. ii. 31 An Indian Iogue, a begging Frier of that Bramene Religion. 1727 A. Hamilton I. 152 There is another Sort called Jougies, who..go naked, except a Bit of Cloth about their Loyns. 1734 tr. III. 480 The Joguis, who affect to devote themselves to the most dreadful Torments, from a Principle of Pride and Fanaticism. 1813 J. Forbes III. xxviii. 14 A Yogee, who lives under the tree on the skin of a tiger or leopard, which they are very fond of. 1854 H. H. Milman III. viii. iv. 335 He attained a height of abstraction from earthly things which might have been envied by an Indian Yogue. 1871 E. B. Tylor II. xviii. 375 No wonder that..the Hindu yogi should bring on by fasting a state in which he can with bodily eyes behold the gods. 1903 2 Oct. 279/3 He is rescued, and miraculously healed, and he lives the Jogi life, resisting all temptation. 1922 29 Apr. 343/2 Other jogis there are, with heavy iron rings in their ears. 1955 7 Feb. 74 (caption) Physical control is practiced by a yogi as he worships the sun on the bank of the holy Ganges River. 1994 Sept. 39/2 [She] became an avid yogi when she had to learn to walk again while recovering from a 1984 accident. 2015 (Nexis) 29 Jan. The band was in its spiritual phase and passing through Snowdonia to visit a yogi in the Welsh town of Bangor. society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Hinduism > systems of philosophy > [adjective] > yoga society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Hinduism > systems of philosophy > [noun] > yoga 1880 G. Wyld vi. 105 Some of those who practise yogi perish from over-strained bodies. 1925 A. Huxley 25 Feb. (1969) 242 His little book..is a sort of explanation of the ethics of Christianity... Lose one's life in order to gain it... It is the same idea as lies at the bottom of the Yogi system. 1943 D. Powell (new ed.) i. 22 He had no pot at all due to his Yogi exercises. 1952 ‘R. Gordon’ iv. 43 There was another medical student there, a man from St. Mary's who kept tropical fish in a tank in his bedroom and practised Yogi. 1960 R. Croft-Cooke i. 9 One day he was in a shop with her when she put her bag down on a chair while she looked at something. I don't know how he got out with it, but then..I'm not a thief. It seemed like Yogi to me, or at least conjuring. 1998 R. Bidwell 219/2 He..regularly practised yogi and spent much time pondering philosophical questions. Compounds society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Hinduism > systems of philosophy > [noun] > yoga > adherent of 1894 27 Oct. 353/3 The lecturer has some tall tales to tell of the Yogi men's tricks, and to prove his stories he produces photographs made by himself. 1938 L. MacNeice v. 78 In T. S. Eliot Hyde is the yogi-man. 1967 32 32/1 Three of us were bullied by a self-styled ‘yogi-man’ into hearing our fortunes. Derivatives society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Hinduism > systems of philosophy > [adjective] > yoga a1960 E. M. Forster (1971) 235 Carpenter's yogified mysticism. 2008 17 Feb. b8/3 On this day, the men squatted (Frog)... 'I'm all yogified', goalie Jake Mendlinger..said with a grin as he grabbed his stick. 'I'm ready to play'. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  n.1613 |
