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单词 york
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Yorkn.1

Brit. /jɔːk/, U.S. /jɔrk/
Etymology: Old English Eoforwíc, later Efer-, Euerwíc, Middle English Everwik, also Yerk (Havelok), surviving in Lincolnshire dialect Yerksheer, and York (compare Old Norse c960 Jorvik, later Jork), < Latin Eboracum, with addition of wíc dwelling.
1.
a. The name of a city in North Yorkshire (the capital of the former county of Yorkshire); used attributively in names of things originating from or peculiar to York or Yorkshire, as York ham, †York robe, York tan. York–Antwerp rules n. [adopted at York in 1864 and modified at Antwerp in 1877] an international set of rules governing the application of general average in marine insurance. York-paving n. paving with Yorkshire stone. York pitch n. (of a plane) see quot. 1875 and pitch n.2 3b. York-pitched adj. York use n. Christian Church see use n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > stone as material for paving > types of
Mitchel1607
York-paving1861
slasto1953
pebbling1971
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > other types of insurance > specific rules governing
York–Antwerp rules1881
no-fault1971
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > ham
gammon?1521
skink1630
ham1650
schinkel1654
jambon1655
bacon-ham1796
schinken1848
Yorkshire ham1849
prosciutto crudo1855
picnic ham1890
prosciutto1891
York ham1897
Bradenham1906
short-cut1906
Prague ham1909
picnic1910
Parma ham1937
Black Forest1961
1794 F. G. Waldron Heigho for Husband iii. i. 27 There's not a week goes over her head, but she [sc. the mistress] says to me..Maria, my dear, you may take that polonese, or York~robe, or pierrot, or whatever dress it happens to be.
1816 J. Austen Emma II. vi. 103 While the sleek, well-tied parcels of ‘Men's Beavers’ and ‘York Tan’ were..displaying on the counter. View more context for this quotation
1826 M. R. Mitford Our Village II. 294 [He] actually drew my York-tan gloves from my astonished hands, and substituted a pair of his own best white kid.
1853 G. J. Whyte-Melville Digby Grand x The Major's York-tan gaiters.
1861 Skyring's Builders' Prices 87 York paving, per foot super..os. 8d.
1875 J. Lukin Carpentry & Joinery 144 Knotted or crosse-grained wood can [only] be planed..with a special tool, of which the iron is placed at a more obtuse angle... For deal and soft wood this is 45 degs., or common pitch; for mahogany and hard wood 50 degs., or York pitch.
1877 S. S. Hellyer Plumber vii. 54 The other compartment should be sealed over..with a piece of York stone.
1877 T. Twiss & H. D. Jencken in H. D. Jencken York & Antwerp Rules 20 The Rules which your committee now bring before you as the basis for a uniform system of General Average for all maritime countries, and to which the title might be given of the ‘York and Antwerp Rules’, are appended.]
1881 R. Lowndes Pract. Treat. Law Marine Insurance vii. 203 The York–Antwerp Rules constitute a sort of international code of general average, not as yet obligatory.
1897 Westm. Gaz. 7 Apr. 2/3 A ham is a ‘York’ ham if composed of English meat and prepared in Yorkshire or ‘in contiguous counties or places’.
1913 Eng. Rev. Apr. 110 The wood, being cut, is planed up and finished with a ‘York-pitched’ plane.
1970 Sunday Times 1 Feb. (Colour Suppl.) 40/1 The finest breakfast I have ever had..finnan haddock, Cambridge sausages, York ham.
1974 E. R. H. Ivamy Marine Insurance (ed. 2) xiv. 191 The policy almost invariably provides that either a foreign law or the York–Antwerp Rules 1974 shall apply.
1983 Harrods Mag. Xmas. 44/1 At Christmas the whole York ham, costing £35.
1984 J. Grigson Brit. Cookery 122 Today, York ham has become a generalised term, meaning no more than a mild cured ham.
b. as predicative adjective connoting the character of a Yorkshireman: cf. Yorkshire n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adjective] > astute > as Yorkshire person
Yorkshire1620
York1856
1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin xxxix Don't lose your time trying to humbug me, I'm ‘York’ too.
c. Short for Yorkshire cabbage n. at Yorkshire n. Compounds 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > cabbage or kale > [noun] > cabbage > other types of cabbage
brisoka1340
rape-cole1597
loaf-cabbage1727
sugar-loaf1766
drumhead1783
sugar-loaf cabbage1786
Yorkshire cabbage1786
York1823
Tom Thumb1847
cut-and-come-again1888
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > cabbage or kale > cabbage > types of > other types of cabbage
red coleOE
brisoka1340
red colewort?a1500
rape-cole1597
red cabbage1597
loaf-cabbage1727
sugar-loaf1766
drumhead1783
sugar-loaf cabbage1786
Yorkshire cabbage1786
York1823
palm-kale1853
Scotch curlies1855
thousand-head kale1887
cut-and-come-again1888
1823 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 9 Aug. 324 They appear to be early Yorks, and look very well.
1841 J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 102 Large patches of early yorks.
2. Pertaining to the royal house of York; spec. = Yorkist n. 1b. York pence, copper coins of the reign of Henry VI. York and Lancaster rose (see quots.); hence allusive use of York and Lancaster in quot. 1653.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > other English copper coins
York pence14..
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > rose and allied flowers > rose > types of rose flower or bush
summer rosea1456
French rose1538
damask rose?a1547
musk rose1559
province1562
winter rose1577
Austrian brier1590
rose of Provence1597
velvet rose1597
damasine-rose1607
Provence rose1614
blush-rose1629
maiden's blush1648
monthly rose tree1664
Provinsa1678
York and Lancaster rose1688
cinnamon rose1699
muscat rose1707
cabbage rose1727
China-rose1731
old-fashioned rose1773
moss rose1777
swamp rose1785
alba1797
Cherokee rose1804
Macartney rose1811
shepherd's rose1818
multiflora1820
prairie rose1822
Boursault1826
Banksian rose1827
maiden rose1827
moss1829
Noisette1829
seven sisters rose1830
Dundee rambler1834
Banksia rose1835
Chickasaw rose1835
Bourbon1836
climbing rose1836
green rose1837
hybrid China1837
Jaune Desprez1837
Lamarque1837
perpetual1837
pillar rose1837
rambler1837
wax rose1837
rugosa1840
China1844
Manetti1846
Banksian1847
remontant1847
gallica1848
hybrid perpetual1848
Persian Yellow1848
pole rose1848
monthly1849
tea rose1850
quarter sessions rose1851
Gloire de Dijon1854
Jacqueminot1857
Maréchal Niel1864
primrose1864
jack1867
La France1868
tea1869
Ramanas rose1876
Japanese rose1883
polyantha1883
old rose1885
American Beauty1887
hybrid tea1890
Japan rose1895
roselet1896
floribunda1898
Zéphirine Drouhin1901
Penzance briar1902
Dorothy Perkins1903
sweetheart1905
wichuraiana1907
mermaid1918
species rose1930
sweetheart rose1936
peace1944
shrub rose1948
society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > [adjective] > of or supporting House of York or Lancaster
Yorkish1548
Yorkshire1643
York1759
Yorkist1823
Lancastrian1828
14.. Norwich Corporation Records (Halliw.) Pens of topens fabricatis de ære vocatis brasenpens, secundum formam et similitudinem denar. vocat. Yorkpens.
1653 J. Cleveland Upon Phillis Walking 26 Poems 22 And he that for their colour seeks, May find it vaulting in her cheeks, Where Roses mix: no civill war Between her York and Lancaster.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 62/2 The York and Landcaster Rose, is half white, half red in the leaves: but in Herauldry it is a white Rose, in a red Rose.
1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. under House of Tudor I. i. 4 Henry himself..had imbibed a violent antipathy to the York party.
1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. under House of Tudor I. i. 8 The retainers of the York family.
1837 T. Rivers Rose Amateur's Guide 12 The true York and Lancaster Rose is a Damask Rose.
3. One of the heralds of the College of Arms.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldry > herald > [noun] > York herald
York1631
1631 B. Jonson New Inne ii. vi. 28 She's a wild-Irish borne! Sir, and a Hybride, That..studies Vincent against Yorke.
1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 26 The six heralds are Windsor, Chester, Lancaster, York, Richmond, and Somerset, who take place according to seniority in office.
4. = New York; in York shilling, (a) in U.S.A. 12½ cents, (b) in Canada sixpence.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > North American coins
York shilling1824
1824 Microscope (Albany, N.Y.) 27 Mar. in Thornton Dict. Amer. The bill amounted to the enormous sum of one York shilling for each gentleman.
1883 P. L. Simmonds Commerc. Dict. Trade Products (rev. ed.) Suppl. York shilling, a name in Western Canada for the English sixpence.
5. The name of York Factory, a trading settlement in north-eastern Manitoba, used attributively in York boat n. a type of inland cargo boat used in Canada between c1790 and 1930.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > trading vessel > cargo vessel > [noun] > of other construction or rig
buss?a1400
fly-boat1583
caramoussal1587
penteconter1784
galliot1794
puffer1849
billyboy1855
York boat1864
smoke-jack1892
Panamax1972
1864 Nor' Wester (Red River Settlement) 26 Apr. 2/5 Gentlemen of practical experience gave their opinion that the present York boats (bateaux) could be used for the transportation of goods from Lake of the Woods to Lake Superior with as little difficulty as is encountered between this place and York Factory.
1909 G. Bryce Romantic Settlement Lord Selkirk's Colonists 71 The birch-bark canoe is a mere trifle on the portage, but the heavy York boat capable of carrying three or four tons is a clumsy lugger.
1971 R. Russell Carlton Trail 10 The company hired Scotsmen, Metis, and Indians to man brigades of York Boats.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

yorkn.2

Brit. /jɔːk/, U.S. /jɔrk/
Forms: Also yark, yerk.
Etymology: Perhaps the same word as yark n.
dialect.
Something used to tie a trouser leg beneath the knee. Usually plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > parts of > leg > other
trouser bottom1852
york1905
yorker1940
1905 Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 568/2 Yark, a strap or piece of string to fasten the trousers to keep them free from mud. [Cites a quot. withyerks’.]
1958 K. Etheridge Welsh Costume 66 When kneeling at the coal-face, dirt and small coal are apt to get inside the trouser-leg... Tying of the trouser leg just below the knee prevents this. A piece of string, or a leather strap..may be used for this. The strap..is called a ‘york’.
1967 Listener 19 Oct. 504/3 The ‘tyings’ or straps worn below the knees..are, or were, used by the South Wales colliers, whose term for them is ‘yorks’.
1977 R. Scollins & J. Titford Ey up, mi Duck! III. 12 Mr. Flint, who played the Fool, wore moleskin trousers tied with ‘yorks’.
1984 Guardian Weekly 22 Jan. 4/2 They wore corduroy trousers fastened below the knee with leather straps (‘yarks’ is the technical name).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

yorkv.1

Brit. /jɔːk/, U.S. /jɔrk/
Etymology: Back-formation < yorker n.2
Cricket.
transitive. To bowl (a batter) out or strike (the wicket) with a yorker.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > bowl [verb (transitive)] > bowl in specific manner
twist1816
overthrow1833
to bowl over the wicket1851
overpitch1851
bump1869
york1882
to break a ball1884
flog1884
to bowl round (or formerly outside) the wicket1887
turn1898
flick1902
curl1904
spin1904
volley1909
flight1912
to give (a ball) air1920
tweak1935
move1938
overspin1940
swing1948
bounce1960
cut1960
seam1963
dolly1985
1882 C. F. Pardon Australians in Eng. 42 Butler was ‘yorked’ the second ball he received.
1888 A. G. Steel in A. G. Steel & R. H. Lyttelton Cricket (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iii. 169 I'm never frightened of him; he is always trying to ‘york’ you, and bowls any amount of half-volleys.
1904 Daily Chron. 19 July 7/3 The ball that bowled Tunnicliffe started its flight a foot outside the off stump, at the finish it ‘yorked’ the middle stump.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

yorkv.2

Brit. /jɔːk/, U.S. /jɔrk/
Etymology: < york n.2 Compare yark v.2
transitive. To keep up trouser legs by tying them with ‘yorks’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > adjust or arrange > trousers
firk1640
york1960
1960 R. Williams Border Country 258 The thongs which yorked the trouser legs just below the knees.
1969 M. Harris Kind of Magic 178 He always wore thick brown cord trousers yorked up below the knee with leather straps, and his face was the colour of a bit of old leather.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.114..n.21905v.11882v.21960
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