Adonisn.

Brit.

/əˈdəʊnɪs/, U.S.

/əˈdɑnəs/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Adōnis.

Etymology: < classical Latin Adōnis, the name of the son of Cinyras, loved by Venus, slain by a wild boar, in post-classical Latin also handsome young man, kind of (crimson) flower (both 4th cent.) < ancient Greek Ἀδώνις , name of the son of Cinyras, loved by Aphrodite, in Hellenistic Greek also favourite, darling < Phoenician 'dn (probably adōn ; also in later inscriptions written in Greek letters as ΑΔΟΥΝ ), title given to various Phoenician and Canaanite gods, especially to Tammuz (see Thammuz n.), specific use of 'dn lord, master, cognate with Hebrew 'ādōn (see Adonai n.). Compare Middle French, French adonis handsome young man (1565), the plant pheasant's eye (1615, also (in later use) denoting any plant of the Eurasian genus Adonis).The story of Adonis is told in e.g. Ovid Metamorphoses 10. With adonis flower at sense 3 compare post-classical Latin flos Adonis (1557 or earlier). With sense 4 compare scientific Latin adonis, specific name of a butterfly (1775).

I. General senses.

1. A beautiful or handsome young man. Cf. Venus n.¹ 4.With allusion to the beautiful Adonis of classical myth, lover of Venus (Aphrodite).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > dandy

popa1500

miniona1513

prick-me-daintya1529

puppy?1544

velvet-coat1549

skipjack1554

coxcomb1567

musk cat?1567

physbuttocke1570

Adonis?1571

Adon1590

foretop1597

musk-cod1600

pretty fellow1600

sparkc1600

spangle-baby1602

flash1605

barber-monger1608

cocoloch1610

dapperling1611

fantastica1613

feather-cock1612

trig1612

jack-a-dandy?1617

gimcrack1623

satinist1639

powder puffa1653

fop1676

prig1676

foplinga1681

cockcomb1684

beau garçona1687

shape1688

duke1699

nab1699

smirk1699

beau1700

petty master1706

moppet1707

Tom Astoner1707

dapper1709

petit maître1711

buck1725

toupee1727

toupet1728

toupet-man1748

jemmy1753

jessamy1753

macaroni1764

majoc1770

monkeyrony1773

dandyc1780

elegant1780

muscadin1794

incroyable1797

beauty man1800

bang-up1811

natty1818

ruffian1818

exquisite1819

heavy swell1819

marvellous1819

bit of stuff1828

merveilleux1830

fat1832

squirt1844

dandyling1846

ineffable1859

guinea pig1860

Dundreary swell1862

masher1872

dude1877

mash1879

dudette1883

dand1886

heavy gunner1890

posh1890

nut1904

smoothie1929

fancy-pants1930

saga boy1941

fancy Dan1943

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > [noun] > beautiful thing or person > beautiful person > beautiful man or boy

Cupidc1381

narcissusc1385

Ganymede?1566

Adonis?1571

Greek goda1910

beefcake1949

?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. Kii.^v With hir faire Adonis [L. cum suo Adonide] she visiteth noble mens houses.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. ii. 21 My Master..made me another Adonis, in the neatnesse and gallantry of my cloathes, and delicacie of Perfumes.

a1640 P. Massinger Parl. of Love (1976) ii. ii. 48 A leaper..in respect of thee, Appeares a younge Adonis.

1709 C. Gildon Golden Spy 134 With it [sc. Gold] the most worthless Wretch was an Adonis, without it the most meritorious had no Charm.

1765 A. Tucker Light of Nature I. 457 Two such Adonises talking so sweetly of our reciprocal passion!

1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xv. 230 My beau must be an Adonis indeed, Matilda, the admired of all beholders, if I am to be contented with him alone.

1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter viii George! in a month this chap 'll be an Adonis.

1947 M. P. Willcocks True-born Englishman xiv. 154 Joseph, who has been in the country a bird-scarer, a kennel boy, a stable lad and a jockey, is now an Adonis of a footman.

1998 Gay Times Aug. 81/3 Clicking home in his stilettoes, he is suddenly surrounded by a group of blonde Adonises.

2. A type of long, full wig, typically worn by men and popular in the 18th cent. More fully Adonis wig. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig > types of > other

Rogerian1597

Gregorian1598

Chedreux1678

vallancy1684

spencer17..

nightcap wig1709

Adonis1734

pigeon wing1753

grizzle1755

tête1756

bag-wig1760

negligent1762

jasey1789

bushel-wig1794

Brutus1798

scalp1802

Brown Georgea1845

sheitel1890

fright wig1904

katsura1908

neck-roll1920

1734 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 14/1 I have seen a prim young Fellow with a Cue or an Adonis, as they call the effeminate Wigs of the present Vogue, plaister'd rather than powder'd, and appearing like the Twigs of a Gooseberry-Bush in a deep Snow.

1760 H. Walpole Let. 13 Nov. (1891) III. 361 He had a dark brown adonis, and a cloak of black cloth, with a train of five yards.

1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote I. iii. xix. 189 A fine flowing Adonis or white periwig.

1831 Lady's Bk. Dec. 314/2 A small mysterious-looking bandbox..contained an improved edition of the brown Adonis, the millefleured curls of which were evidently addressed to Lady Isabella's captivation.

1852 New Monthly Mag. June 165 Mister Leonidas Lomax..disports himself, padded, pinched, painted, with an Adonis wig and a pair of fixed spurs.

1923 A. M. Samuel Mancroft Ess. 141 It was the flowing Adonis which made a special appeal to those who aimed at looking young.

2006 J. Zimmerman Women of House xii. 240 Barbers trumpeted their expertise in advertisements touting ‘the comet’, ‘the cauliflower’, ‘the staircase’, and ‘the Adonis’.

II. In the names of plants and animals.

3. Originally: the plant pheasant's eye, Adonis annua (also adonis flower). In later use also: any plant of the Eurasian genus Adonis (family Ranunculaceae), comprising plants with finely divided foliage and orange, yellow, or red flowers; (also in form Adonis) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species plantarum (1753) I. 547.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > delphinium or larkspur

red maytheeOE

brown maythec1450

lark's foota1500

red maidweed1548

consound1578

lark's claw1578

larkspur1578

ox-eye1578

red camomile1578

Adonis1597

lark-heel1597

lark's toes1597

monkshood1597

rose-a-ruby1597

delphinium1666

pheasant's eye1727

red Morocco1760

rocket larkspur1778

blue rocket larkspur1784

bee-larkspur1846

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 310 The red flower of Adonis groweth wilde in the west parts of Englande among their corne.

a1637 B. Jonson Pans Anniv. 30 in Wks. (1640) III Bring Corn-flag, Tulips, and Adonis flower, Faire Oxe-eye, Goldy-locks, and Columbine.

1682 N. Grew Disc. Colours of Plants v. iii. §9 in Anat. Plants 276 Spirit of Sulphur droped on the green Leavs of Adonis Flower, Everlasting Pease, and Holy Oak, turns them all Yellow.

1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. iii. 283 Fennel-leav'd perennial Adonis.

1771 Encycl. Brit. I. 27/2 The English names [of the genus Adonis] are, adonis-flower, pheasant's eye, red maithes, or red morocco.

1779 Faremer's Mag. Nov. 341 Adonis Flower... Frequent in the corn-fields of Kent.

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 14 Adonis (Pheasants' eye)..Name from ‘Adonis’..whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower.

1883 Literary World 8 Sept. 286/1 There are no more roses, nor violet irises, but still great red adonises and other flowers.

1905 Country Life 29 July 116/1 Another plant used in rural fortune-telling is the pretty, but not very common, Adonis flower.

1999 B. J. Ward Contempl. upon Flowers 35 The genus Adonis includes more than twenty species; the two most widely grown are A. vernalis with yellow petals and A. annua with crimson petals.

2007 S. Bales Garden in Winter 99 By summer adonis is dormant, so it should be grown next to a late riser.

4. In full Adonis blue. A small Eurasian lycaenid butterfly, Polyommatus bellargus (formerly Lysandra adonis), the male of which has vivid sky blue wings with white margins.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Lycaenidae > genus Polyommatus > member of

Adonis1795

Argus1824

1795 W. Lewin Insects Great Brit. 80 Adonis. Linnæus. Clifden Blue. Harris.

1810 G. Crabbe Borough viii. 103 There fair Camilla takes her flight serene, Adonis blue, and Paphia silver-queen.

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (ed. 2) I. ii. 42 Is it a thing to be lamented that some of the Spitalfields weavers occupy their leisure hours in searching for the Adonis butterfly?

1861 All Year Round 1 June 230/2 The delicate blues of the Mazarine and Adonis.

1869 Hardwicke's Sci.-gossip Nov. 243/1 Another small but brilliant blue butterfly (L. Adonis) bears three vernacular names, viz., the ‘Adonis Blue’, the ‘Cliefden [sic] Blue’ and the ‘Dartford Blue’.

1907 Countryside 15 June 84/3 Of all the little ‘blues’ which flicker about the countryside in summer, the..Adonis blue is the most brilliant.

2000 National Trust Mag. Spring 57/3 At Spyway Farm alone..thousands of Adonis blue butterflies thrived because grazing cattle have kept the vigorous grass short for centuries.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adonis
释义	Adonisn. Brit. /əˈdəʊnɪs/, U.S. /əˈdɑnəs/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Adōnis. Etymology: < classical Latin Adōnis, the name of the son of Cinyras, loved by Venus, slain by a wild boar, in post-classical Latin also handsome young man, kind of (crimson) flower (both 4th cent.) < ancient Greek Ἀδώνις , name of the son of Cinyras, loved by Aphrodite, in Hellenistic Greek also favourite, darling < Phoenician 'dn (probably adōn ; also in later inscriptions written in Greek letters as ΑΔΟΥΝ ), title given to various Phoenician and Canaanite gods, especially to Tammuz (see Thammuz n.), specific use of 'dn lord, master, cognate with Hebrew 'ādōn (see Adonai n.). Compare Middle French, French adonis handsome young man (1565), the plant pheasant's eye (1615, also (in later use) denoting any plant of the Eurasian genus Adonis).The story of Adonis is told in e.g. Ovid Metamorphoses 10. With adonis flower at sense 3 compare post-classical Latin flos Adonis (1557 or earlier). With sense 4 compare scientific Latin adonis, specific name of a butterfly (1775). I. General senses. 1. A beautiful or handsome young man. Cf. Venus n.¹ 4.With allusion to the beautiful Adonis of classical myth, lover of Venus (Aphrodite). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > dandy popa1500 miniona1513 prick-me-daintya1529 puppy?1544 velvet-coat1549 skipjack1554 coxcomb1567 musk cat?1567 physbuttocke1570 Adonis?1571 Adon1590 foretop1597 musk-cod1600 pretty fellow1600 sparkc1600 spangle-baby1602 flash1605 barber-monger1608 cocoloch1610 dapperling1611 fantastica1613 feather-cock1612 trig1612 jack-a-dandy?1617 gimcrack1623 satinist1639 powder puffa1653 fop1676 prig1676 foplinga1681 cockcomb1684 beau garçona1687 shape1688 duke1699 nab1699 smirk1699 beau1700 petty master1706 moppet1707 Tom Astoner1707 dapper1709 petit maître1711 buck1725 toupee1727 toupet1728 toupet-man1748 jemmy1753 jessamy1753 macaroni1764 majoc1770 monkeyrony1773 dandyc1780 elegant1780 muscadin1794 incroyable1797 beauty man1800 bang-up1811 natty1818 ruffian1818 exquisite1819 heavy swell1819 marvellous1819 bit of stuff1828 merveilleux1830 fat1832 squirt1844 dandyling1846 ineffable1859 guinea pig1860 Dundreary swell1862 masher1872 dude1877 mash1879 dudette1883 dand1886 heavy gunner1890 posh1890 nut1904 smoothie1929 fancy-pants1930 saga boy1941 fancy Dan1943 the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > [noun] > beautiful thing or person > beautiful person > beautiful man or boy Cupidc1381 narcissusc1385 Ganymede?1566 Adonis?1571 Greek goda1910 beefcake1949 ?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. Kii.^v With hir faire Adonis [L. cum suo Adonide] she visiteth noble mens houses. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. ii. 21 My Master..made me another Adonis, in the neatnesse and gallantry of my cloathes, and delicacie of Perfumes. a1640 P. Massinger Parl. of Love (1976) ii. ii. 48 A leaper..in respect of thee, Appeares a younge Adonis. 1709 C. Gildon Golden Spy 134 With it [sc. Gold] the most worthless Wretch was an Adonis, without it the most meritorious had no Charm. 1765 A. Tucker Light of Nature I. 457 Two such Adonises talking so sweetly of our reciprocal passion! 1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xv. 230 My beau must be an Adonis indeed, Matilda, the admired of all beholders, if I am to be contented with him alone. 1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter viii George! in a month this chap 'll be an Adonis. 1947 M. P. Willcocks True-born Englishman xiv. 154 Joseph, who has been in the country a bird-scarer, a kennel boy, a stable lad and a jockey, is now an Adonis of a footman. 1998 Gay Times Aug. 81/3 Clicking home in his stilettoes, he is suddenly surrounded by a group of blonde Adonises. 2. A type of long, full wig, typically worn by men and popular in the 18th cent. More fully Adonis wig. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig > types of > other Rogerian1597 Gregorian1598 Chedreux1678 vallancy1684 spencer17.. nightcap wig1709 Adonis1734 pigeon wing1753 grizzle1755 tête1756 bag-wig1760 negligent1762 jasey1789 bushel-wig1794 Brutus1798 scalp1802 Brown Georgea1845 sheitel1890 fright wig1904 katsura1908 neck-roll1920 1734 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 14/1 I have seen a prim young Fellow with a Cue or an Adonis, as they call the effeminate Wigs of the present Vogue, plaister'd rather than powder'd, and appearing like the Twigs of a Gooseberry-Bush in a deep Snow. 1760 H. Walpole Let. 13 Nov. (1891) III. 361 He had a dark brown adonis, and a cloak of black cloth, with a train of five yards. 1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote I. iii. xix. 189 A fine flowing Adonis or white periwig. 1831 Lady's Bk. Dec. 314/2 A small mysterious-looking bandbox..contained an improved edition of the brown Adonis, the millefleured curls of which were evidently addressed to Lady Isabella's captivation. 1852 New Monthly Mag. June 165 Mister Leonidas Lomax..disports himself, padded, pinched, painted, with an Adonis wig and a pair of fixed spurs. 1923 A. M. Samuel Mancroft Ess. 141 It was the flowing Adonis which made a special appeal to those who aimed at looking young. 2006 J. Zimmerman Women of House xii. 240 Barbers trumpeted their expertise in advertisements touting ‘the comet’, ‘the cauliflower’, ‘the staircase’, and ‘the Adonis’. II. In the names of plants and animals. 3. Originally: the plant pheasant's eye, Adonis annua (also adonis flower). In later use also: any plant of the Eurasian genus Adonis (family Ranunculaceae), comprising plants with finely divided foliage and orange, yellow, or red flowers; (also in form Adonis) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species plantarum (1753) I. 547. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > delphinium or larkspur red maytheeOE brown maythec1450 lark's foota1500 red maidweed1548 consound1578 lark's claw1578 larkspur1578 ox-eye1578 red camomile1578 Adonis1597 lark-heel1597 lark's toes1597 monkshood1597 rose-a-ruby1597 delphinium1666 pheasant's eye1727 red Morocco1760 rocket larkspur1778 blue rocket larkspur1784 bee-larkspur1846 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 310 The red flower of Adonis groweth wilde in the west parts of Englande among their corne. a1637 B. Jonson Pans Anniv. 30 in Wks. (1640) III Bring Corn-flag, Tulips, and Adonis flower, Faire Oxe-eye, Goldy-locks, and Columbine. 1682 N. Grew Disc. Colours of Plants v. iii. §9 in Anat. Plants 276 Spirit of Sulphur droped on the green Leavs of Adonis Flower, Everlasting Pease, and Holy Oak, turns them all Yellow. 1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. iii. 283 Fennel-leav'd perennial Adonis. 1771 Encycl. Brit. I. 27/2 The English names [of the genus Adonis] are, adonis-flower, pheasant's eye, red maithes, or red morocco. 1779 Faremer's Mag. Nov. 341 Adonis Flower... Frequent in the corn-fields of Kent. 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 14 Adonis (Pheasants' eye)..Name from ‘Adonis’..whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower. 1883 Literary World 8 Sept. 286/1 There are no more roses, nor violet irises, but still great red adonises and other flowers. 1905 Country Life 29 July 116/1 Another plant used in rural fortune-telling is the pretty, but not very common, Adonis flower. 1999 B. J. Ward Contempl. upon Flowers 35 The genus Adonis includes more than twenty species; the two most widely grown are A. vernalis with yellow petals and A. annua with crimson petals. 2007 S. Bales Garden in Winter 99 By summer adonis is dormant, so it should be grown next to a late riser. 4. In full Adonis blue. A small Eurasian lycaenid butterfly, Polyommatus bellargus (formerly Lysandra adonis), the male of which has vivid sky blue wings with white margins. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Lycaenidae > genus Polyommatus > member of Adonis1795 Argus1824 1795 W. Lewin Insects Great Brit. 80 Adonis. Linnæus. Clifden Blue. Harris. 1810 G. Crabbe Borough viii. 103 There fair Camilla takes her flight serene, Adonis blue, and Paphia silver-queen. 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (ed. 2) I. ii. 42 Is it a thing to be lamented that some of the Spitalfields weavers occupy their leisure hours in searching for the Adonis butterfly? 1861 All Year Round 1 June 230/2 The delicate blues of the Mazarine and Adonis. 1869 Hardwicke's Sci.-gossip Nov. 243/1 Another small but brilliant blue butterfly (L. Adonis) bears three vernacular names, viz., the ‘Adonis Blue’, the ‘Cliefden [sic] Blue’ and the ‘Dartford Blue’. 1907 Countryside 15 June 84/3 Of all the little ‘blues’ which flicker about the countryside in summer, the..Adonis blue is the most brilliant. 2000 National Trust Mag. Spring 57/3 At Spyway Farm alone..thousands of Adonis blue butterflies thrived because grazing cattle have kept the vigorous grass short for centuries. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?1571
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