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单词 afaite
释义

afaitev.

Forms: Middle English afaite, Middle English afayte, Middle English afayti (south-west midlands), Middle English afayty (south-eastern and south-west midlands), Middle English afeete, Middle English afeite, Middle English afete, Middle English afeyte, Middle English affaite, Middle English affaiti (south-west midlands), Middle English affayt, Middle English affayte, Middle English affete, Middle English affeyte, Middle English affoted (past participle, transmission error), Middle English afyȝte.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French afaiter, afaitier.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman afaiter, afaitier, afeiter, affaiter, affeiter, etc., and Old French, Middle French afaitier to arrange, put in order, to make, fashion, prepare, to arrange, dispose (moral matters), to train, develop, to teach, bring up, to tame or train (an animal, especially a hawk or a hound) (12th cent.) < an unattested post-classical Latin *affactare , alteration (after classical Latin facere to do, make: see fact n.) of classical Latin affectāre affect v.1 Compare Old Occitan afaitar (c1150), afatar, afachar (both 3rd quarter of 12th cent.), Spanish ahechar (a1385) and also ( < Anglo-Norman and Old French) post-classical Latin affaitare, affaitiare to train (a hawk or a hound) (from late 12th cent. in British sources).In sense 6 apparently by association with affect v.2 or its etymon classical Latin afficere.
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To incline, dispose, or discipline (the heart).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)]
rineOE
afaite?c1225
stir?c1225
movea1325
amovec1380
inspire1390
commove1393
informa1398
toucha1400
embracec1430
rore1481
alter1529
to carry away?1529
raise1533
removea1540
heavec1540
affect?1548
carry1570
inmove1583
infecta1586
worka1616
unthaw1699
emove1835
emotionize1855
emotion1875
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 204 Ȝef ani is þet naueð naut þe heorte þus afaitet [c1230 Corpus afeitet; a1250 Nero afeited].
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 75 Þe wel louiynde of gentil herte and affayted.
2. transitive. To shape or form (something); to fashion, mould.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)]
i-schapeOE
shapec1000
afaite?c1225
feigna1300
form1340
deformc1384
proportionc1384
throwc1390
figure?a1400
parec1400
mould1408
fashion1413
portrayc1450
effigure1486
porture1489
moul1530
shapen1535
frame1553
proportionate1555
efform1578
inform1590
formate1599
to shape out1600
infigure1611
figurate1615
immodelize1649
effinge1657
effigiate1660
configure1857
carpenter1884
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)]
afaite?c1225
ablea1400
reducec1450
fashion1526
adapt1531
framec1537
handsome1555
accommode1567
apt?1578
square1578
fit1580
coapt1586
commodate1595
suit1595
dispose1602
adjust1611
agence1633
adaptate1638
plya1657
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 210 Þe caliz þe wes..þurch se moni dunt..swa swiðe feire afeited [c1230 Corpus afeitet].
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 212 Wordes afaited and y-sliked ueleuold.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 4223 He hath geere good ynouh Affaited at his oghne heste.
c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 79 (MED) Eny hert, þe which haþ a wel affeted hede aftir þe hight and þe shap and þe tyndes wel irenged.
3. transitive. To subdue (a country); to reduce, subject (a people, etc.). Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > subject [verb (transitive)] > a people or nation
afaitec1325
subduea1387
subjugate1447
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 3684 Ac þe king hom adde afayted so, þat hii ne kepte nanmore him mete; ȝut he þoȝte afayty [a1450 London Univ. affaite] þe scottes, ar he hom lete.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3718 To yrlond he gan wende Vor to afayti [B affaiti] þat lond & to winne ech ende.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 67 (MED) She shulde vnsowen hir serke and sette þere an heyre, To affaiten hire flesshe þat fierce was to synne.
4. transitive. To restrain or wean (something) from something; to free (someone) from something.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > subject [verb (transitive)]
wieldOE
i-weldeOE
onwaldOE
overwieldlOE
amaistera1250
underlaya1300
daunt1303
underbringc1320
yoke?c1335
undercasta1340
afaitec1350
faite1362
subjecta1382
to make subjectc1384
distraina1400
underlouta1400
underthewa1400
underset1422
subjectc1460
subjuge?1473
submise?1473
dompt1480
suppedit?1483
to keep under1486
abandon1487
bandon?a1500
suppeditatec1545
to bring under1563
reduce1569
assubject1579
overpower1597
envassal1606
assubjugate1609
vassal1612
subact1619
vassalize1647
vassalate1659
to school down1818
to ride herd on (also over)1895
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 109 Þe man þe hym wole a-fayty Of prede þat hys so heȝ.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiv. 297 The fierthe is a fortune þat..affaiteth þe flesshe fram folyes ful manye.
5. transitive. To train (a hawk, hound, etc.) to obedience; to tame; (also) to educate (a child).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > [verb (transitive)] > tame or train
temec1000
tamec1315
faite1362
daunt1377
afaitea1393
reclaima1393
chastisec1400
makea1425
meekc1429
break1474
enter1490
train?1532
law1534
dressc1540
meeken1591
correct1594
subjugate1595
cicure1599
unwild1605
cicurate1606
mancipate1623
familiarize1634
domesticate1641
gentle1651
domesticize1656
civilize1721
educate1760
domiciliate1782
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 1259 The yonge whelp which is affaited..To couche, whan he seith, 'Go lowe.'
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 6573 (MED) Delphynes hij nymen and cokedrille, And affaiteþ hem to her wille.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. vi. 32 Go affaite [C faite; v.r. afaite] þe faucones, wilde foules to kille.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xi. 375 (MED) Frenche men and fre men affeyteth þus her childerne.
c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 89 (MED) He must haue affoted [read affeted; Fr. il doit avoir afetie] his lymere in soche a maner, þat he ne opne ne qwestey noght in þe mornyng.
6. transitive. To afflict (a person) with disease.
ΚΠ
a1450 Serm. (Cambr. Dd.11.89) in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1916) 15 413 (MED) With siknesse ȝif he wole þe afayte, þou þinkest his bondes beth to strayte.
7. transitive. To fit out, array, dress.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)]
wrya901
clothec950
shride971
aturnc1220
begoa1225
array1297
graith1297
agraithc1300
geara1325
cleadc1325
adightc1330
apparel1362
back1362
shape1362
attirea1375
parela1375
tirea1375
rayc1390
addressa1393
coverc1394
aguisea1400
scredea1400
shrouda1400
bedightc1400
buskc1400
harnessc1400
hatterc1400
revesta1449
able1449
dressa1450
reparel?c1450
adub?1473
endue?a1475
afaite1484
revestera1500
beclothe1509
trimc1516
riga1535
invest1540
vesture1555
suit1577
clad1579
investure1582
vest1582
deck1587
habit1594
to make ready1596
caparison1597
skin1601
shadow1608
garment1614
riga1625
raiment1656
garb1673
equip1695
to fit out1722
encase1725
tog1793
trick1821
to fig out1825
enclothe1832
toilet1842
to get up1858
habilitate1885
tailor1885
kit1919
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xii. 26 They affayted & arayed the doughters the best wyse they myȝt.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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