† afangv.

Forms: see a- prefix¹ and fang v.¹

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian urfā to receive a larger part (of an inheritance), Old Dutch irfān , irfangan to accuse, to rebuke, Old High German irfāhan to take note (of a misdeed), to rebuke < the Germanic base of or- prefix (compare a- prefix¹) + the Germanic base of fang v.¹ Compare also Old Dutch irfanknussi refutation, Old High German irfengida act of requesting (something) back. Some late Old English and Middle English examples may alternatively show a reduced form of onfang v. (see discussion at a- prefix¹ and and- prefix); likewise, some Middle English examples may perhaps show a variant of i-fang v. (see discussion at a- prefix²). Compare onfang v., i-fang v.In Old English a strong verb of Class VII; distinctively strong inflections survive into Middle English. The Middle English present stem afang- , afong- is after the past participle form (see discussion at fang v.¹).

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To take by force or authority; to seize, apprehend. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)]

gripea900

afangOE

to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE

repeOE

atfonga1000

keepc1000

fang1016

kip1297

seize1338

to seize on or upon1399

to grip toc1400

rapc1415

to rap and rendc1415

comprise1423

forsetc1430

grip1488

to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495

compass1509

to catch hold1520

hap1528

to lay hold (up)on, of1535

seisin?c1550

cly1567

scratch1582

attach1590

asseizea1593

grasp1642

to grasp at1677

collar1728

smuss1736

get1763

pin1768

grabble1796

bag1818

puckerow1843

nobble1877

jump1882

snaffle1902

snag1962

pull1967

OE (Mercian) Rushw. Gospels: Matt. iv. 12 Quod iohannis traditus esset : þæt iohannis wæs afongen.

lOE Salisbury Psalter xlix. 9 Non accipiam de domo tua uitulos, neque de gregibus tuis hyrcos : na ic afo of huse þinan cealfas & na of heorde þinre buccan.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 11291 Ȝif he mihte afon, he wolde hine slæn oðer an-hon.

c1300 St. James Great (Laud) l. 101 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 37 (MED) Huy me wullez a-sle, ȝif huy me a-fongueth eft.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 1993 (MED) Þou schalt afong Four hundred kniȝtes wiȝt and strong; Þou schalt ȝif þe first asaut.

a. transitive. To come into possession of; to be the recipient of; to receive (a thing), get.In Old English also with genitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given

underfoc888

afangOE

underfongc1175

getc1300

latchc1300

undertake1393

receivea1400

to take up1639

to come into ——1672

to fall in for1788

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 12 Hi afengon [OE Lindisf. ondsuere onfeing; L. responso accepto] andsware on swefnum þæt hi eft to Herode ne hwyrfdon.

OE Stowe Psalter xlvii. 10 Suscepimus deus misericordiam tuam in medio templi tui : we afengon god mildheortnysse ðine on midle temple ðin.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 135 (MED) Mon scal afon eft feole folde mede and muchele.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 11961 He wunde afeng [c1300 Otho onderfeng] feouwer unchene long.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 50 And at ordres auangeþ hy Þe bok of þe godspelle.

c1390 King of Tars (Vernon) l. 990 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 58 (MED) Þe deþ þei scholde a-fonge.

c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.) 368 (MED) He auong [a1400 avenge; c1325 ueng] hys kynedom.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 18120 (MED) Non man dorste his strokes afong.

b. transitive. To partake of (food, drink, medicine, etc.).Frequently with reference to the Eucharist.In Old English with genitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > [verb (transitive)]

brookc950

abiteOE

haveOE

afangOE

takec1175

notea1200

usec1300

spendc1380

consumec1400

partake1602

pree1680

discuss1751

tuck1784

to put down1795

to be (also go) at the ——1796

go1830

kill1833

to put away1839

down1852

to put over1880

to wrap (oneself) (a)round1880

shift1896

OE Wulfstan Homily (Corpus Cambr. 201) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 180 And aa is swa betere manna gehwilcum, swa he oftor to ðam [sc. to husle] gearwige hine silfne, forðam þe hit is ealra læcedoma selost, þe æfre gewurde, þam, þe þæs geearniað, þæt he his afon mot him silfum to þearfe.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8859 Nu þu scalt a-fon of þissen drinchen ane dæle.

c1300 Jewish Boy in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1923) 38 313 (MED) Þat fole ȝeode to afonge godes flesch & his blod.

a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 312 (MED) Þat he were clene schriue, þat flesch to afonge.

c. intransitive. Of fire: to consume with flames, burn. rare.

ΚΠ

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail li. l. 220 (MED) They Axeden..whethir this fyr scholde lasten longe, Oþer Endelesly there stille to A-fonge.

3. transitive. To accept into one's company; to receive (a person), greet, welcome.In Old English also with genitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] > receive as visitor

underfo924

afangOE

underfonga1175

fangc1275

upfoa1300

seec1500

entertain1559

OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 19 He wæs on heofonum afangen [OE Lindisf. onfenge; L. adsumptus].

OE tr. Gospel of Nicodemus (Cambr.) xv. §4. 189 Nichodemus hyne þa myd wurðscype ham to hys huse afeng [lOE Vitell. onfeng; L. suscepit].

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Domitian A.viii) anno 878 His [sc. Guthrum] se cing afeng [eOE Parker onfeng] ðar at fulwihte, & his crismlysing was at Wedmor.

a1250 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 6 (MED) Auouh mine soule, hwon ich of þisse liue uare.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7066 Send..æfter þine cunnen & afeoh [c1300 onderfang] heom mid wunne.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7815 Vortigerne..þa læuedi aueng mid swiðe uæire læten.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 2536 Ygerne wende it were her lord And him afenge wiþ fair acord.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 2904 (MED) Prayhede he to god Almiȝt scholde ys soule auonge.

c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 1401 (MED) A lady..Afeng [a1500 Lamb. Resseyued] hym fayr and well.

4. transitive. To beget (offspring), to conceive. Cf. onfang v. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > conception > conceive [verb (transitive)]

onfangOE

underfoa1100

afanglOE

understandc1200

underfonga1300

conceptionc1350

conceivea1400

concept1603

lOE Salisbury Psalter l. 7 Ecce enim in iniquitatibus conceptus sum et in peccatis concepit me mater mea : efne soþlice on unrihtwisnesse geeacnod ic eom & on synnan afeng me moder min.

c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) l. 30 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 108 (MED) Ac hi no child for no þing bituene hem nemiȝte afonge.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 119 For so hy [sc. the Virgin Mary] hyne scholde ferst auonge, Þer nes no senne þer amonge.

5. transitive. To consent to take (a thing offered), to accept. Also intransitive with of.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > accept

onfangeOE

fangOE

to take with ——lOE

takec1175

understandc1200

afangc1275

receivec1330

accepta1382

'lowa1382

except1393

to take up1570

to take a person up on (something)1807

to take up1810

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7278 Nulleð heo nauere longe habben þe to kinge, buten þu..a-fo hæðene laȝen.

c1300 St. Alban (Laud) l. 20 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 68 (MED) He gan to leue on Ihesu crist and cristinedom ta-fongue.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 2791 (MED) Þemperour..Castels him bede..& riche fes, Ac he þerof nolde afo.

a1425 St. Mary Magdalen (Trin. Cambr.) l. 276 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1882) 68 62 (MED) He..name þe wey as pilgrime to wende to Rome..& avonge cristendome.

a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 308 (MED) Let hym clene chryue & afong penauns for his wrecched lyue.

6. transitive. Of a thing: to take in, contain, hold. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > take in

afangc1300

to take inc1330

sup1513

take1555

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2430 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 176 Al þe contreie þare-a-boute, þe tounes wide..Vnneþe miȝten al þat folk þat þudere cam a-fonge.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	afang
释义	† afangv. Forms: see a- prefix¹ and fang v.¹ Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian urfā to receive a larger part (of an inheritance), Old Dutch irfān , irfangan to accuse, to rebuke, Old High German irfāhan to take note (of a misdeed), to rebuke < the Germanic base of or- prefix (compare a- prefix¹) + the Germanic base of fang v.¹ Compare also Old Dutch irfanknussi refutation, Old High German irfengida act of requesting (something) back. Some late Old English and Middle English examples may alternatively show a reduced form of onfang v. (see discussion at a- prefix¹ and and- prefix); likewise, some Middle English examples may perhaps show a variant of i-fang v. (see discussion at a- prefix²). Compare onfang v., i-fang v.In Old English a strong verb of Class VII; distinctively strong inflections survive into Middle English. The Middle English present stem afang- , afong- is after the past participle form (see discussion at fang v.¹). Obsolete. 1. transitive. To take by force or authority; to seize, apprehend. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] gripea900 afangOE to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE repeOE atfonga1000 keepc1000 fang1016 kip1297 seize1338 to seize on or upon1399 to grip toc1400 rapc1415 to rap and rendc1415 comprise1423 forsetc1430 grip1488 to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495 compass1509 to catch hold1520 hap1528 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 seisin?c1550 cly1567 scratch1582 attach1590 asseizea1593 grasp1642 to grasp at1677 collar1728 smuss1736 get1763 pin1768 grabble1796 bag1818 puckerow1843 nobble1877 jump1882 snaffle1902 snag1962 pull1967 OE (Mercian) Rushw. Gospels: Matt. iv. 12 Quod iohannis traditus esset : þæt iohannis wæs afongen. lOE Salisbury Psalter xlix. 9 Non accipiam de domo tua uitulos, neque de gregibus tuis hyrcos : na ic afo of huse þinan cealfas & na of heorde þinre buccan. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 11291 Ȝif he mihte afon, he wolde hine slæn oðer an-hon. c1300 St. James Great (Laud) l. 101 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 37 (MED) Huy me wullez a-sle, ȝif huy me a-fongueth eft. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 1993 (MED) Þou schalt afong Four hundred kniȝtes wiȝt and strong; Þou schalt ȝif þe first asaut. 2. a. transitive. To come into possession of; to be the recipient of; to receive (a thing), get.In Old English also with genitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given underfoc888 afangOE underfongc1175 getc1300 latchc1300 undertake1393 receivea1400 to take up1639 to come into ——1672 to fall in for1788 OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 12 Hi afengon [OE Lindisf. ondsuere onfeing; L. responso accepto] andsware on swefnum þæt hi eft to Herode ne hwyrfdon. OE Stowe Psalter xlvii. 10 Suscepimus deus misericordiam tuam in medio templi tui : we afengon god mildheortnysse ðine on midle temple ðin. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 135 (MED) Mon scal afon eft feole folde mede and muchele. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 11961 He wunde afeng [c1300 Otho onderfeng] feouwer unchene long. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 50 And at ordres auangeþ hy Þe bok of þe godspelle. c1390 King of Tars (Vernon) l. 990 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 58 (MED) Þe deþ þei scholde a-fonge. c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.) 368 (MED) He auong [a1400 avenge; c1325 ueng] hys kynedom. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 18120 (MED) Non man dorste his strokes afong. b. transitive. To partake of (food, drink, medicine, etc.).Frequently with reference to the Eucharist.In Old English with genitive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > [verb (transitive)] brookc950 abiteOE haveOE afangOE takec1175 notea1200 usec1300 spendc1380 consumec1400 partake1602 pree1680 discuss1751 tuck1784 to put down1795 to be (also go) at the ——1796 go1830 kill1833 to put away1839 down1852 to put over1880 to wrap (oneself) (a)round1880 shift1896 OE Wulfstan Homily (Corpus Cambr. 201) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 180 And aa is swa betere manna gehwilcum, swa he oftor to ðam [sc. to husle] gearwige hine silfne, forðam þe hit is ealra læcedoma selost, þe æfre gewurde, þam, þe þæs geearniað, þæt he his afon mot him silfum to þearfe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8859 Nu þu scalt a-fon of þissen drinchen ane dæle. c1300 Jewish Boy in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1923) 38 313 (MED) Þat fole ȝeode to afonge godes flesch & his blod. a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 312 (MED) Þat he were clene schriue, þat flesch to afonge. c. intransitive. Of fire: to consume with flames, burn. rare. ΚΠ a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail li. l. 220 (MED) They Axeden..whethir this fyr scholde lasten longe, Oþer Endelesly there stille to A-fonge. 3. transitive. To accept into one's company; to receive (a person), greet, welcome.In Old English also with genitive. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] > receive as visitor underfo924 afangOE underfonga1175 fangc1275 upfoa1300 seec1500 entertain1559 OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 19 He wæs on heofonum afangen [OE Lindisf. onfenge; L. adsumptus]. OE tr. Gospel of Nicodemus (Cambr.) xv. §4. 189 Nichodemus hyne þa myd wurðscype ham to hys huse afeng [lOE Vitell. onfeng; L. suscepit]. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Domitian A.viii) anno 878 His [sc. Guthrum] se cing afeng [eOE Parker onfeng] ðar at fulwihte, & his crismlysing was at Wedmor. a1250 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 6 (MED) Auouh mine soule, hwon ich of þisse liue uare. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7066 Send..æfter þine cunnen & afeoh [c1300 onderfang] heom mid wunne. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7815 Vortigerne..þa læuedi aueng mid swiðe uæire læten. c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 2536 Ygerne wende it were her lord And him afenge wiþ fair acord. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 2904 (MED) Prayhede he to god Almiȝt scholde ys soule auonge. c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 1401 (MED) A lady..Afeng [a1500 Lamb. Resseyued] hym fayr and well. 4. transitive. To beget (offspring), to conceive. Cf. onfang v. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > conception > conceive [verb (transitive)] onfangOE underfoa1100 afanglOE understandc1200 underfonga1300 conceptionc1350 conceivea1400 concept1603 lOE Salisbury Psalter l. 7 Ecce enim in iniquitatibus conceptus sum et in peccatis concepit me mater mea : efne soþlice on unrihtwisnesse geeacnod ic eom & on synnan afeng me moder min. c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) l. 30 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 108 (MED) Ac hi no child for no þing bituene hem nemiȝte afonge. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 119 For so hy [sc. the Virgin Mary] hyne scholde ferst auonge, Þer nes no senne þer amonge. 5. transitive. To consent to take (a thing offered), to accept. Also intransitive with of. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > accept onfangeOE fangOE to take with ——lOE takec1175 understandc1200 afangc1275 receivec1330 accepta1382 'lowa1382 except1393 to take up1570 to take a person up on (something)1807 to take up1810 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7278 Nulleð heo nauere longe habben þe to kinge, buten þu..a-fo hæðene laȝen. c1300 St. Alban (Laud) l. 20 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 68 (MED) He gan to leue on Ihesu crist and cristinedom ta-fongue. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 2791 (MED) Þemperour..Castels him bede..& riche fes, Ac he þerof nolde afo. a1425 St. Mary Magdalen (Trin. Cambr.) l. 276 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1882) 68 62 (MED) He..name þe wey as pilgrime to wende to Rome..& avonge cristendome. a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 308 (MED) Let hym clene chryue & afong penauns for his wrecched lyue. 6. transitive. Of a thing: to take in, contain, hold. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > take in afangc1300 to take inc1330 sup1513 take1555 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2430 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 176 Al þe contreie þare-a-boute, þe tounes wide..Vnneþe miȝten al þat folk þat þudere cam a-fonge. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.OE
随便看	lily-like lily-liver lily-livered lily-liveredly lily-of-the-valley tree lily-pad lily-paved lily-paven lily-pond lily-pot lily-robed lily-root lily-scented lily-shaped lily-shining lily-silvered lily-star lily-strangled lily-sweet lily-trotter lily-water lily-white lily-whited lily-whiteness lily-whitening