bywordn.

Brit.

/ˈbʌɪwəːd/, U.S.

/ˈbaɪˌwərd/

Forms: Old English–Middle English biwyrde, biword, Middle English–1500s by-worde, 1500s by-woorde, bie-word, 1500s–1800s bye-word(e, 1500s– by-word.

Etymology: < by adj. 2 + word n. and int.

a. A proverb, proverbial saying.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > proverb > [noun]

byspelc1000

bywordc1050

forbysena1250

riotc1330

proverbc1375

sayingc1390

paroemia1550

nayworda1616

diverb1624

proverbial1645

sooth1655

proverbialism1830

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 470 Prouerbium, biwyrde.

a1131 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1130 Oc man seið to biworde, hæge sitteð þa aceres dæleth.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 769 For which ful oft a by worde here I seye, That rooteles mot grene soone deye.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2243 Þere is a comyn byword..‘Wele settith he his peny, þat þe pound [therby] savith’.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 9 Is it not a by woord, like will to like?

1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 268 As honest as Goodman Andrews, was a Bye-word.

1849 Blackwood's Mag. 686 An old byword, which says more people know Tom Fool than Tom Fool knows.

†b. A parable. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > parable, allegory, or apologue > [noun]

byspelc950

by-talea1300

forbyseninga1300

fable1340

parablec1384

similitudea1425

examplec1425

allegoryc1450

problema1500

apologuea1555

byworda1557

mythology1603

Aesopism1845

exemplum1883

a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xiii. 3 He spaak vnto yem much in biwordes and said.

a. A person or thing who becomes proverbial, as a type of specified characteristics; an object of scorn or contempt.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] > person or thing much talked about > that has become proverbial

proverba1382

byword1535

fable1535

myth1853

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > object of contempt > proverbially

proverba1382

byword1535

by-talk1579

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxviii. 37 Thou shalt go to waist, and become a byworde, and a laughinge stocke amonge all nacions.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xviii. 310 Marked like Cain..to be a byword, & an example of Gods Iustice to all the worlde.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings ix. 7 Israel shall bee a prouerbe, and a by-word among all people.

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xxxviii. 267 I am the talk, and perhaps the by-word of half the county.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. x. 137 Apothecaries profit is become a bye-word .

1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. ii. vi. 252 The Church courts were a byword for iniquity in every country in Europe.

b. A nickname, byname, epithet of scorn.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun] > nickname or additional name

to-namec950

eke-name1303

surnamec1330

bynamec1374

nickname1440

addition1472

epitheton1570

by-term1579

epithet1579

agnomination1590

adjunct1598

apathaton1598

byword1598

nurse-name1605

familiar name1611

suradditiona1616

sobriquet1646

agname1652

last name1695

agnomen1809

cognomen1811

soubriquet1818

nickery1823

handle1838

cognomination1843

moniker1851

eponym1863

adname1890

tag1961

1598 M. Drayton Englands Heroicall Epist. (new ed.) f. 52 Giue a thousand by-words to my name, And call me Beldam, Gib, Witch, Night-mare, trot.

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 70 These Doctrines which he traduces under that by-word [i.e. Calvinism].

1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV xiv. 10 Her [sc. Venice's] very by-word sprung from victory, The ‘Planter of the Lion’.

†3.

a. A word or phrase of frequent occurrence in speech, esp. in the mouth of a particular individual; a trick of speech, pet phrase. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > phrase > [noun] > catch-phrase or stock phrase

phrasec1550

byword1570

cant1681

catchphrase1834

wheeze1864

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1645/2 [Bonner] saying: (as hys byworde was) before God thou art a knaue.

1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. P.ij^v This byword phy betokneth bad, And things to cast away.

1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 104. 1612 Broke his brain with thinking there was some~thing in it, some ‘whatchecal e’, which is his by-word.

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 241. ⁋8 His By-Words (as they call a Sentence a Man particularly affects).

†b. A watchword, signal. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > word or cry > [noun] > watchword or rallying cry

wake-word1510

byworda1513

cry1548

mackerel cry1716

watchword1738

view halloo1761

rallying cry1793

rallying word1793

war cry1836

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxxix. f. xxxv He gaue to theym this watche or by worde. Nempnyth your Sexis.

†4. (cf. by-talk n. and by- comb. form 2c): A casual word, a hint; a word beside the matter in hand. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > hint or covert suggestion > [noun]

feelc1485

inkling1529

intimation1531

insinuation1532

by-warning1542

byword1542

item1561

cue1565

air1567

vent1613

insusurration1614

hinta1616

injection1622

indication1626

infusion1641

side glance1693

ground bass1699

touch1706

side view1747

sidewipe1757

allusion1766

penumbra1770

breath1795

slyness1823

by-hint1853

light1854

shove1857

suggestion1863

sous-entendu1865

point1870

sidewiper1870

sniff1936

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 18^v He saied emong his frendes; I would haue bought a robe, if I had had money. He craued nothyng, but did onely after a maidenly sorte geue a bywoorde of his greate penurie.

c1572 W. Forrest Theophilus 540 in Anglia (1884) 7 94 What though a bye worde, vnwares, doe owte starte.

a1652 R. Brome City Wit iii. ii. sig. D^v, in Five New Playes (1653) There is no woman, though she use never so many by-words, but yet in the end she will come to the point.

1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man iv. §13. 108 When ever thou takest his Name in to thy mouth..by no means permit thy self to use it in idle by-words.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	byword
释义	bywordn. Brit. /ˈbʌɪwəːd/, U.S. /ˈbaɪˌwərd/ Forms: Old English–Middle English biwyrde, biword, Middle English–1500s by-worde, 1500s by-woorde, bie-word, 1500s–1800s bye-word(e, 1500s– by-word. Etymology: < by adj. 2 + word n. and int. 1. a. A proverb, proverbial saying. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > proverb > [noun] byspelc1000 bywordc1050 forbysena1250 riotc1330 proverbc1375 sayingc1390 paroemia1550 nayworda1616 diverb1624 proverbial1645 sooth1655 proverbialism1830 c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 470 Prouerbium, biwyrde. a1131 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1130 Oc man seið to biworde, hæge sitteð þa aceres dæleth. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 769 For which ful oft a by worde here I seye, That rooteles mot grene soone deye. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2243 Þere is a comyn byword..‘Wele settith he his peny, þat þe pound [therby] savith’. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 9 Is it not a by woord, like will to like? 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 268 As honest as Goodman Andrews, was a Bye-word. 1849 Blackwood's Mag. 686 An old byword, which says more people know Tom Fool than Tom Fool knows. †b. A parable. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > parable, allegory, or apologue > [noun] byspelc950 by-talea1300 forbyseninga1300 fable1340 parablec1384 similitudea1425 examplec1425 allegoryc1450 problema1500 apologuea1555 byworda1557 mythology1603 Aesopism1845 exemplum1883 a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xiii. 3 He spaak vnto yem much in biwordes and said. 2. a. A person or thing who becomes proverbial, as a type of specified characteristics; an object of scorn or contempt. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] > person or thing much talked about > that has become proverbial proverba1382 byword1535 fable1535 myth1853 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > object of contempt > proverbially proverba1382 byword1535 by-talk1579 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxviii. 37 Thou shalt go to waist, and become a byworde, and a laughinge stocke amonge all nacions. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xviii. 310 Marked like Cain..to be a byword, & an example of Gods Iustice to all the worlde. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings ix. 7 Israel shall bee a prouerbe, and a by-word among all people. View more context for this quotation 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xxxviii. 267 I am the talk, and perhaps the by-word of half the county. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. x. 137 Apothecaries profit is become a bye-word . View more context for this quotation 1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. ii. vi. 252 The Church courts were a byword for iniquity in every country in Europe. b. A nickname, byname, epithet of scorn. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun] > nickname or additional name to-namec950 eke-name1303 surnamec1330 bynamec1374 nickname1440 addition1472 epitheton1570 by-term1579 epithet1579 agnomination1590 adjunct1598 apathaton1598 byword1598 nurse-name1605 familiar name1611 suradditiona1616 sobriquet1646 agname1652 last name1695 agnomen1809 cognomen1811 soubriquet1818 nickery1823 handle1838 cognomination1843 moniker1851 eponym1863 adname1890 tag1961 1598 M. Drayton Englands Heroicall Epist. (new ed.) f. 52 Giue a thousand by-words to my name, And call me Beldam, Gib, Witch, Night-mare, trot. 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 70 These Doctrines which he traduces under that by-word [i.e. Calvinism]. 1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV xiv. 10 Her [sc. Venice's] very by-word sprung from victory, The ‘Planter of the Lion’. †3. a. A word or phrase of frequent occurrence in speech, esp. in the mouth of a particular individual; a trick of speech, pet phrase. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > phrase > [noun] > catch-phrase or stock phrase phrasec1550 byword1570 cant1681 catchphrase1834 wheeze1864 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1645/2 [Bonner] saying: (as hys byworde was) before God thou art a knaue. 1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. P.ij^v This byword phy betokneth bad, And things to cast away. 1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 104. 1612 Broke his brain with thinking there was some~thing in it, some ‘whatchecal e’, which is his by-word. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 241. ⁋8 His By-Words (as they call a Sentence a Man particularly affects). †b. A watchword, signal. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > word or cry > [noun] > watchword or rallying cry wake-word1510 byworda1513 cry1548 mackerel cry1716 watchword1738 view halloo1761 rallying cry1793 rallying word1793 war cry1836 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxxix. f. xxxv He gaue to theym this watche or by worde. Nempnyth your Sexis. †4. (cf. by-talk n. and by- comb. form 2c): A casual word, a hint; a word beside the matter in hand. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > hint or covert suggestion > [noun] feelc1485 inkling1529 intimation1531 insinuation1532 by-warning1542 byword1542 item1561 cue1565 air1567 vent1613 insusurration1614 hinta1616 injection1622 indication1626 infusion1641 side glance1693 ground bass1699 touch1706 side view1747 sidewipe1757 allusion1766 penumbra1770 breath1795 slyness1823 by-hint1853 light1854 shove1857 suggestion1863 sous-entendu1865 point1870 sidewiper1870 sniff1936 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 18^v He saied emong his frendes; I would haue bought a robe, if I had had money. He craued nothyng, but did onely after a maidenly sorte geue a bywoorde of his greate penurie. c1572 W. Forrest Theophilus 540 in Anglia (1884) 7 94 What though a bye worde, vnwares, doe owte starte. a1652 R. Brome City Wit iii. ii. sig. D^v, in Five New Playes (1653) There is no woman, though she use never so many by-words, but yet in the end she will come to the point. 1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man iv. §13. 108 When ever thou takest his Name in to thy mouth..by no means permit thy self to use it in idle by-words. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1050
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