callaisn.

Brit.

/ˈkaleɪɪs/, U.S.

/ˈkæleɪᵻs/

Forms: 1500s– callais, 1800s callaïs.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin callais.

Etymology: < classical Latin callais greenish-blue precious stone, turquoise (Pliny), probably < an unattested Greek form *καλλαίς ; compare Hellenistic Greek καλλάϊνος (also καλάϊνος ) greenish-blue (see callainite n.).A Greek word *καλλαίς is not attested in this sense, although compare Byzantine Greek κάλαϊς , glossed (by Hesychius) by ancient Greek ἱστίον ‘cloth, sail’. It is possible that καλλάϊνος is a derivative of *καλλαίς (compare -νος , suffix forming adjectives), but the inverse may also be true. With later use in the form callaïs compare < French callaïs (A. Damour 1864, in Comptes Rendus 59 936).

Chiefly Mineralogy and Archaeology.

A sea-green or turquoise precious stone, often identified as (a form of) turquoise, or (less commonly) variscite.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > turquoise > [noun] > varieties of

callais1587

augites1601

agaphite1819

chalchuite1843

spider-web1936

1587 A. Golding tr. Solinus Worthie Work xxxii. sig. P.i.^v In the inner parts of Germanie is founde a stone called Callais.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvii. viii. 618 (heading) Of Callais: and of other greene pretious stones not transparent.

1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. 633 This is the Callais of Pliny, and is found on the sides of fissures of Stones.

1837 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. 289 Turquois... Calaite... Callais, probably, of Pliny.

1878 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 4) iv. 83 Beads of Callais, a mineral not known to occur in Europe.

1883 tr. N. Joly Man before Metals ii. i. iv. 209 Amber, jet, callaïs, flint, slate..were adopted to make pendants.

1966 R. J. Forbes Stud. Anc. Technol. ii. 109 The most important of these stones were lapis lazuli, callais, turquoise, and amber.

2007 Brit. Archaeol. Sept. 26/3 They were reground and repolished..for burial in the famous massive Carnac tumuli, alongside copies made from fibrolite and imported Spanish beads of variscite (callais).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	callais
释义	callaisn. Brit. /ˈkaleɪɪs/, U.S. /ˈkæleɪᵻs/ Forms: 1500s– callais, 1800s callaïs. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin callais. Etymology: < classical Latin callais greenish-blue precious stone, turquoise (Pliny), probably < an unattested Greek form καλλαίς ; compare Hellenistic Greek καλλάϊνος* (also καλάϊνος ) greenish-blue (see callainite n.).A Greek word καλλαίς is not attested in this sense, although compare Byzantine Greek κάλαϊς* , glossed (by Hesychius) by ancient Greek ἱστίον ‘cloth, sail’. It is possible that καλλάϊνος is a derivative of καλλαίς (compare -νος* , suffix forming adjectives), but the inverse may also be true. With later use in the form callaïs compare < French callaïs (A. Damour 1864, in Comptes Rendus 59 936). Chiefly Mineralogy and Archaeology. A sea-green or turquoise precious stone, often identified as (a form of) turquoise, or (less commonly) variscite. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > turquoise > [noun] > varieties of callais1587 augites1601 agaphite1819 chalchuite1843 spider-web1936 1587 A. Golding tr. Solinus Worthie Work xxxii. sig. P.i.^v In the inner parts of Germanie is founde a stone called Callais. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvii. viii. 618 (heading) Of Callais: and of other greene pretious stones not transparent. 1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. 633 This is the Callais of Pliny, and is found on the sides of fissures of Stones. 1837 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. 289 Turquois... Calaite... Callais, probably, of Pliny. 1878 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 4) iv. 83 Beads of Callais, a mineral not known to occur in Europe. 1883 tr. N. Joly Man before Metals ii. i. iv. 209 Amber, jet, callaïs, flint, slate..were adopted to make pendants. 1966 R. J. Forbes Stud. Anc. Technol. ii. 109 The most important of these stones were lapis lazuli, callais, turquoise, and amber. 2007 Brit. Archaeol. Sept. 26/3 They were reground and repolished..for burial in the famous massive Carnac tumuli, alongside copies made from fibrolite and imported Spanish beads of variscite (callais). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1587
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