| 释义 |
callipercalipern. Origin: Probably a borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish calibre. Etymology: Probably < Spanish calibre instrument for measuring the diameter of shot (1563; also 1592 as †colibre ), internal diameter of a gun barrel, diameter of shot (1595: see calibre n.). Compare calibre n., caliver n.This word has alternatively been analysed as a specific sense development of calibre n., perhaps motivated by use of calibre compass to denote an instrument for measuring the calibre of shot (compare calliper compass n. at Compounds); however, calibre n. is only attested later than the present word for the instrument, except in figurative use. Use as the name of an instrument is likely to have been reinforced in English by association of the ending with formations in -er suffix1. 1. the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring distances > compasses, dividers, or callipers 1571 f. 148 Making of certane callaberdis to pas gros culvering, battard, moyane, sacart, dowbill and singill falcone bullettis. 1597 E. Hoby tr. B. de Mendoza 92 (margin) Calibre, from the word we tooke firste the name of caliuer, whiche is of a higher bore then the harquebuse, & there is an instrument like to a pair of compasses, with the whiche the weight & height of bulletts are measured: we call that in English a Calaber. 1647 N. Nye i. 50 Also by such a pair of Callapers you may finde the Diam: of the Base-Ring, and of the Mussel-Ring, of any Piece of Ordnance. 1680 J. Moxon I. xii. 204 Callippers measure..any round Cilindrick Conical Body. 1753 W. Hogarth Introd. 47 These points may be marked upon a marble figure with calibers properly used. 1821 W. M. Craig vii. 372 An anvil, a hammer, and a pair of calipers. 1859 S. Smiles 267 Moral philosophy which proposes to measure our heads with callipers. 1876 No. 284. Universal Calliper, with slide and reverse action. No. 271 Calliper with Dial..divided into eighths of an inch. 1947 A. J. Thompson ix. 127 The diameter of the exit pupil can be quite exactly measured by means of calipers. 2000 3 June 64/2 A herpetologist who wanted to measure his testicles with a pair of callipers. 1708 J. Kersey Callipers, an instrument made like a Sliding-Rule, to embrace the two Heads of a Cask, or Barrel, in order to find the length of it. 1876 No. 293. Collection of Timber Callipers for the use of foresters. 1917 A. 93 195 A test bar was prepared..so as to permit of accurate length measurements by means of a micrometer calliper. 1974 125 84/2 Measured with dial calipers to the nearest five one-hundredths of a millimeter, the total length of the prolarva figured is 10.50 mm. 2001 88 1029/2 Flower parts were dissected,..placed under a binocular microscope, and measured with digital calipers. 2006 June 36/3 Check them with Vernier callipers and make sure the rings are flat. the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > [noun] 1819 19 217 I have constructed the following table, consisting of four columns; the first containing the calliper..of hewn timber at the middle or girting place. 1895 48 Scarcely any tree is exactly circular in its caliper. 1924 R. P. Armstrong & F. J. Rimoldi i. 4 The grades are based on the length of the seedling, its caliper or diameter at the crown, and the branching of the roots. 1996 C. J. Berman vii. 169/1 Caliper is measured in mils for paper or points for paperboard, both of which are 0.001 in. 1714 W. Derham (ed. 3) vi. 92 A Stately Clock..; which for its antiquity and good contrivance I have given the Calliper of in Fig. 4. 1801 19 337 The centre of the lever-pallet in the draft, is in a right line between the centre of the scape-wheel and the centre of the verge, though in the model it is not; but may be made so or not, as best suits the calliper, &c. 1881 F. J. Britten (ed. 4) 41 As a matter of convenience in arranging the caliper of the watch. 1984 Dec. 146/1 Slow train watches..only two examples have been traced with calipers of other than the full plate variety. society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > crane > parts of 1765 in (1766) i. 47 Portable cranes of an uncommon construction, to draw stone out of the quarry with callipers. ?1833 (ed. 3) 22 A pair of Calliper Hooks, for lifting full Casks... The callipers are worked entirely by the tackle. 1880 9 263 Two khallasies standing on the one bridge each with a calliper, can grip the planks and raise or lower them as may be desirable. 2013 (Nexis) 26 Jan. (Features section) 16 Holes in the gritstone blocks were for the calliper used to lift them into position. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > calliper for leg 1876 H. O. Thomas (ed. 2) iv. 126 Cases of pure synovitis can be treated with success by the use of my ‘calliper foot splint’. 1890 H. O. Thomas vii. 50 A most efficient mechanical means of assistance..I found to be the ‘calliper-knee-splint’... Its defects are, that it (the ‘calliper’) has to be altered in shape [etc.]. 1922 30 Sept. 597/1 Some of our cases with very extensive [infantile] paralysis, whose condition was thought hopeless, walk about with two callipers and a light spinal support. 1959 Mar. 32 Thigh corsets and cuff tops for orthopaedic calipers. 2003 J. Drury i. 18 The drummer was on crutches, Ian had a calliper, the bass player was very short, Davey Payne was quite an unusual chap, and it looked like a freak show. 5. society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > devices to retard or stop motion > brake or braking apparatus > types of 1972 R. Whiter vi. 141 Campagnola..introduced their newest set of retarders a few years ago... Let us examine..this old stand-by which is also known as ‘calipers’. 1984 J. Forester (new ed.) v. 49 The ‘calipers’ had a lever ratio of 1:1, which is similar to many sidepull brakes. 1997 R. Sarig ii. 40/1 Centerpull calipers, which are somewhat out of date and much less common. pull the brake arms from above the wheel. 2014 T. Hadland & H. E. Lessing viii. 271 Calipers rapidly displaced roller-lever brakes on the majority of roadsters. 1975 Jan. 21 (advt.) The calipers on most [motor]bikes are mounted ahead of the fork... The best way is with the caliper behind the fork. 1999 Sept. 38/2 Don't overlook a thorough brake system checkup, from the wear on the pads to the condition of the calipers and rotors. 2015 J. Erjavec (ed. 6) lii. 1539/2 If the problem is not in the parking brakes, check for restricted brake hoses keeping pressure applied to the calipers. Compounds society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > devices to retard or stop motion > brake or braking apparatus > types of 1904 T. H. White ii. 117 Modern practice inclines to the use of ‘calliper’ brakes, in which all the frictional surfaces are of metal. 1920 15 Jan. p. viii/1 (advt.) Chater Lea road racer, 21-in. frame,..Calliper brake,..in excellent condition, £13. 1995 Autumn–Winter 1095/1 Lewways Miss Penny 16ins. cycle... Front and rear calliper brakes. the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring distances > compasses, dividers, or callipers 1581 W. Borough Disc. Variation Cumpas in R. Norman vii. sig. E.j. You must haue a paire of Calliper compasses. 1772 App. 681 The Author first measures that thickness with a calliper compass. 1863 2 139 On applying the calliper compasses to a good many crania, I found them generally measuring 7¼ to 7½ inches in their antero-posterior diameter. 1923 53 197 The calliper compasses were applied to the pillars by a Mandifika ‘boy’. 2002 J. Ivanova & F. Pastrone iv. 156 The thickness δ of each shell is measured by using a calliper compass. 1857 J. Warner 42 The egg, whilst whole, was placed within the parallel jaws of a steel calliper gauge. 1918 W. H. Van Dervoort (ed. 7) iv. 61 The external caliper gauge can be used at any point in the length of the work. 1955 10 Sept. 694/2 The Harpenden Skinfold Calliper Gauge fitted with anvils 15 mm. long and 6 mm. wide. 2007 A. Bance tr. C. Schönhaus (2008) 54 The sides were checked by measuring them with a calliper gauge, which acted like a kind of internal clamp. 1868 8 Feb. 96/2 Caliper Squares and Rules. 1923 27 July 74/2 The reaction to shutting off the air from the lungs was observed, the denervated pupil being measured by a smaller caliper square. 2009 A. Abrahams et al. iv. 63 Align the calliper square with the object being measured. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). callipercaliperv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: calliper n. 1797 Dec. 477/1 We suppose an error of one thousandth of an inch, in grinding and callipering the cutters. 1894 Rep. Secretary of Navy in (53rd Cong., 3rd Sess.) 407 Forced lead plug, calipering 0.245 inch, through barrel from chamber to muzzle. 1922 June 41/1 In running the car spring stock, we would roll it up on a bar on the calender until it calipered the right diameter. 1947 30 34 Parts had to be made with meticulous care and callipered to a very close tolerance to be usable. 1976 H. Denker xii. 116 Each blemish was calipered and its size noted. 2003 S. Gold 25 Assessment methods of the existing stock were made more precise..by fully callipering mature stands. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  n.1571 v.1797 |
