callusn.

Brit.

/ˈkaləs/, U.S.

/ˈkæləs/

Inflections: Plural calli, calluses.

Forms: 1500s– callus, 1600s–1700s (1800s– non-standard) callous.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin callus.

Etymology: < classical Latin callus (masculine) firm flesh of edible animals or plants, thick, tough skin, hardened formation on the skin, of uncertain origin; perhaps < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish calad hard (compare callow n.²). Compare Middle French callus (French calus ) hardened tissue which forms at the edges of a wound (1545), excrescence on a bone which forms at the site of a fracture (a1590 in Paré), thickened, hardened area of skin (1618). Compare also Catalan call (15th cent.), Spanish callo (1272 or earlier), Portuguese calo (14th cent.), Italian callo (a1294). Compare earlier callum n.The form callous appears to have arisen by association with callous adj. Compare the following slightly earlier example of the naturalized form calles (plural) in the same sense:1516 Kalendre Newe Legende Eng. (Pynson) f. vii^v He went alwayes on foot, somtyme barefoot, and with longe knelynge he had great calles on his knees [L. & callos in genibus pro crebra genuflectione habebat].

a. Hardened or thickened tissue; an instance of this; (in later use) spec. an area of skin with a thickened horny layer (stratum corneum), typically resulting from repeated friction or pressure. Cf. callosity n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > hardening or thickening > hard skin

callositya1400

callus1563

warish1570

brawn1578

calluma1640

callousness1705

warda1825

hoof1888

tylosis1890

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 55^v It doth dry fistulas which haue not callus indurated.

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. ii. 202 In like case also there be calli.., these are engendred by meanes of the skinne being obdurated & hardened through much labour.

1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 157 The Callous must be first removed.

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 225 Spots..as..hard as a piece of Callous or Horn.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 280 Between the eyes and the mouth is a hard callus.

1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table vii. 191 When I have established a pair of well-pronounced feathering calluses on my thumbs.

1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xv. 292 Even in the young [ibex] kid there is a hard callous..on the front of the knee.

1950 K. Newton Geriatric Nursing xv. 287 The aged patient will avoid serious difficulties with corns and calluses by having his feet cared for regularly.

2008 Time Out N.Y. 18 Sept. 119/4 Any fret-shredder worth their calluses will line up for this six-string master class.

b. figurative. Esp. with reference to a person's feelings or character: something likened to a callus in being hard or in creating a barrier, typically as a reaction to repeated injury or damage.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > hard-heartedness > [noun]

crueltyc1230

unfeelingness1398

cruelnessa1400

callum?1440

cruelc1440

crudelity1483

hard-heartedness1577

callosity1614

callousness1653

stony-heartedness1673

callus1683

heartlessness1701

cold-heartedness1850

unsympathy1856

cold-bloodedness1878

inhumanism1907

the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > callousness or hard-heartedness

induration1493

indurateness1537

induritness1558

hardenedness1571

stoniness1571

hard-heartedness1577

apathy1603

indolence1603

dedolence1606

flintiness1607

dedolencya1617

searedness1620

callosity1628

indolencya1631

brawnedness1631

calluma1640

atrocity1641

dead-heartedness1642

brawninessa1645

callousness1653

stony-heartedness1673

petrification1678

unsolicitousnessa1683

callus1683

heartlessness1701

petrifaction1722

unreckingness1873

Gradgrindery1920

1683 J. Price Serm. 16 The guilt that is contracted from those habits doth make a Callus, and sear the Conscience.

1692 Bp. G. Burnet Disc. Pastoral Care vii. 73 A Callus that he Contracts, by his insensible way of handling Divine Matters.

1745 S. Squire Serm. preached before Lord Mayor 12 Chastisement may, perhaps, cut through the callus of their souls.

1817 J. Bentham Def. Econ. against G. Rose 286 For forming a gag to stop complaints in the mouth of the party tormented, as well as a callus to case the heart of the tormentor, precedent is indeed a mighty good thing.

1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xii. 341 Editors..develope enormous calluses at every point of contact with authorship.

1924 G. Knox Land of Afternoon 118 These moral callouses which she simply could not understand.

1964 D. Gregory & R. Lipsyte Nigger (1965) 179 The Negro has a callus growing on his soul and it's getting harder and harder to hurt him there.

2000 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 22 June 11/2 When she realised how many Americans considered her a traitor, ‘I put a callus over my heart’.

2. Medicine. Connective tissue which forms at the site of a fracture in a bone, initially containing fibrous tissue, blood vessels, cartilage, and trabeculae of bone, and which is eventually converted entirely into bone; an area of such tissue.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > [noun] > fractures > callus at fracture

callus1567

1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 90 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. This substance..commyng as a lygature betwene the endes of the broken bones..is of Galen called Callus.]

1567 T. Gale tr. Galen Θεραπευτικον: Methodus Medendi v. viii, in Certaine Wks. 267 Why they do not rather doubt howe grosse bloud yssueth oute of the Callus of a fractured bone.

1678 T. Jones Of Heart & Soveraign 396 Nature supplyes the..breaches, in our bones, by a callus, or hardness of the like kind.

1722 W. Cheselden Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) i. i. 4 The Callous from the broken ends of a Bone that is not set.

1845 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. I. 125 The permanent callus has all the characters of true bone.

1954 G. R. Cameron in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxviii. 530 This provisional callus also anchors together the broken separated bone segments.

2005 R. McNeill Alexander Human Bones v. 121 Hydroxyapatite is deposited in this cuff, converting it to a bony callus.

3. Botany. Parenchymatous tissue which forms at the site of a wound in a plant and later differentiates, sometimes forming new shoots and roots; an area of such tissue.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > protuberance or lump > [noun] > hard formation in or on plant

callum?1440

callus1721

1721 R. Bradley tr. G. A. Agricola Philos. Treat. Husbandry 121 There is form'd at the Bottom a kind of Callus, which produces a Root.

1811 tr. K. L. Willdenow Princ. Bot. & Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) v. 320 The vessels..begin to form a callus below, sending out new parts that become roots.

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 173 The callus formed between the bark and the wood, when the stem is cut off above the root.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1236 From the callus, too, buds giving rise to new shoots may spring.

1973 H. E. Street Plant Tissue & Cell Culture xv. 424 It is this capacity of cell, callus and meristem cultures to regenerate whole plants that has been exploited to..effect the micropropagation of orchids and some ornamentals and vegetables.

2012 Jrnl. Trop. Forest Sci. 24 194/2 Larger wounds of conventional flush pruning resulted in more rapid callus production.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

callusv.

Brit.

/ˈkaləs/, U.S.

/ˈkæləs/

Forms: 1800s– callous, 1800s– callus.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: callus n.

Etymology: < callus n. Compare earlier callous v., callused adj.

1. Frequently with over.

a. transitive. To cause callus to form at the site of (a wound or cut in a plant); to cause (a plant, cutting, etc.) to form callus. See callus n. 3.For figurative uses of the form callus see callous v., especially the note at sense 1.

ΚΠ

1824 R. Sweet Geraniaceæ II. §163 These require no water till the wound is callused over.

1860 Gardener's Monthly July 207/1 We have found a common preserving bottle excellent for callousing hard cuttings.

1895 San Antonio (Texas) Daily Light 1 Mar. It requires less effort on the part of the tree to send out new roots than to callous over injured places.

1921 Science 25 Feb. 179/2 Cut them [sc. branches]..in such a manner that the bark will eventually callous over the wound.

1994 J. Robinson Oxf. Compan. Wine 682/2 Cuttings are..callused by burying them in moist sand.

b. intransitive. Of a plant, cutting, etc.: to form callus at the site of a wound; (of animal tissue) to become hardened or thickened. Also of a wound or injury to an animal, person, or (esp.) a plant: to form callus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > protuberance or lump > form a lump [verb (intransitive)]

callus1835

1835 S. Thomson New Guide Health 104 If the leak is so slow as to callus as fast as they discharge it, it becomes a hard dead lump of flesh.

1844 G. Greenwood Tree-lifter 62 The wounds of the roots of trees..begin to heal or cicatrise, or, as the gardeners say, callousover immediately.

1864 S. Hibberd Rose Bk. 284 They [sc. cuttings] will in fact callus quicker if the soil is nearly dry.

1871 New Eng. Farmer Feb. 94/1 I have a cow that slipped her stifle some six weeks ago... Some of my neighbors said it would callous over and not hurt her.

1914 H. S. Graves Basket Willow Culture U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 622 10 Cuttings made six weeks or more before planting time are better, as..there is time for them to callous over at each end.

1958 Times 22 Nov. 9/4 They allow the natural healing processes to carry on underneath so that in time the wound [on a tree] will callus over.

1990 Mycologia 82 64/1 In many forest stands one-half of Alaska-yellow cedar trees have these scars, either fresh or, more often, old and callusing.

1998 Garden Answers Sept. 9/3 The cut end of the leaf cuttings will callus over (form a rough area of tissue), preventing rot from occurring.

2. transitive. To cause (a part of the body, esp. the hands or feet) to develop calluses, typically through strenuous or repetitive work or activity.For figurative uses of the form callus see callous v., especially the note at sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > afflict with or cause a skin disorder [verb (transitive)] > render hard

brawn1571

callus1842

1842 F. H. Whipple Mechanic vii. 76 She asks not if the hand of a man has been calloused by the implements of manual labor.

1880 E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones 108 Hands calloused by toil.

1900 H. F. Day Up in Maine (1901) 174 Who has faced the wind and weather, fingers calloused by the leather.

1913 Country Gentleman 6 Sept. 1288/3 Callusing his hands with chisel, tongs and cement trowel.

1967 Times 29 Apr. 2/5 Those hopefuls who have been callousing their hands and feet with the intention of making them hard enough to shatter a 6in.-thick oak door.

1987 H. Turtledove Misplaced Legion v. 98 The Videssian's palm was even harder than his own, callused not only from weaponwork but also by years of holding the reins.

2004 Rhetorica 22 67 Psellos describes monastic life as ‘callusing the knee and turning the finger to stone’.

Derivatives

ˈcallusing n. the process of forming callus or calluses.

ΚΠ

1861 Farmer & Gardener May 846/1 I object to the practice of removing cuttings immediately after callusing.

1903 R. E. Peary in Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 35 514 The process of breaking in the tendons and muscles of my feet to their new relations, and the callousing of the amputation scars in this the first serious demand upon them, had been disagreeable.

1930 Plant Physiol. 5 583 These two factors are very vital to the callusing of the cutting.

2014 Sunday Times (Nexis) 25 May I have designed a foot powder..to help reduce the heat and friction in shoes, which causes the callusing.

ˈcallusing adj. causing or undergoing the formation of callus or calluses.

ΚΠ

1920 World's Work May 104/1 Hands which have not known hard and callousing labor for a long time.

1995 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 122 42/1 Diseased trees were examined for abnormal cankers.., in contrast to normal lethal cankers, which..show no signs of callusing periderm.

2002 In Vitro & Developmental Biol.: Plant 38 645/1 Uniform sized, actively callusing [maize] embryos were selected.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	callus
释义	callusn. Brit. /ˈkaləs/, U.S. /ˈkæləs/ Inflections: Plural calli, calluses. Forms: 1500s– callus, 1600s–1700s (1800s– non-standard) callous. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin callus. Etymology: < classical Latin callus (masculine) firm flesh of edible animals or plants, thick, tough skin, hardened formation on the skin, of uncertain origin; perhaps < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish calad hard (compare callow n.²). Compare Middle French callus (French calus ) hardened tissue which forms at the edges of a wound (1545), excrescence on a bone which forms at the site of a fracture (a1590 in Paré), thickened, hardened area of skin (1618). Compare also Catalan call (15th cent.), Spanish callo (1272 or earlier), Portuguese calo (14th cent.), Italian callo (a1294). Compare earlier callum n.The form callous appears to have arisen by association with callous adj. Compare the following slightly earlier example of the naturalized form calles (plural) in the same sense:1516 Kalendre Newe Legende Eng. (Pynson) f. vii^v He went alwayes on foot, somtyme barefoot, and with longe knelynge he had great calles on his knees [L. & callos in genibus pro crebra genuflectione habebat]. 1. a. Hardened or thickened tissue; an instance of this; (in later use) spec. an area of skin with a thickened horny layer (stratum corneum), typically resulting from repeated friction or pressure. Cf. callosity n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > hardening or thickening > hard skin callositya1400 callus1563 warish1570 brawn1578 calluma1640 callousness1705 warda1825 hoof1888 tylosis1890 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 55^v It doth dry fistulas which haue not callus indurated. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. ii. 202 In like case also there be calli.., these are engendred by meanes of the skinne being obdurated & hardened through much labour. 1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 157 The Callous must be first removed. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 225 Spots..as..hard as a piece of Callous or Horn. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 280 Between the eyes and the mouth is a hard callus. 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table vii. 191 When I have established a pair of well-pronounced feathering calluses on my thumbs. 1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xv. 292 Even in the young [ibex] kid there is a hard callous..on the front of the knee. 1950 K. Newton Geriatric Nursing xv. 287 The aged patient will avoid serious difficulties with corns and calluses by having his feet cared for regularly. 2008 Time Out N.Y. 18 Sept. 119/4 Any fret-shredder worth their calluses will line up for this six-string master class. b. figurative. Esp. with reference to a person's feelings or character: something likened to a callus in being hard or in creating a barrier, typically as a reaction to repeated injury or damage. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > hard-heartedness > [noun] crueltyc1230 unfeelingness1398 cruelnessa1400 callum?1440 cruelc1440 crudelity1483 hard-heartedness1577 callosity1614 callousness1653 stony-heartedness1673 callus1683 heartlessness1701 cold-heartedness1850 unsympathy1856 cold-bloodedness1878 inhumanism1907 the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > callousness or hard-heartedness induration1493 indurateness1537 induritness1558 hardenedness1571 stoniness1571 hard-heartedness1577 apathy1603 indolence1603 dedolence1606 flintiness1607 dedolencya1617 searedness1620 callosity1628 indolencya1631 brawnedness1631 calluma1640 atrocity1641 dead-heartedness1642 brawninessa1645 callousness1653 stony-heartedness1673 petrification1678 unsolicitousnessa1683 callus1683 heartlessness1701 petrifaction1722 unreckingness1873 Gradgrindery1920 1683 J. Price Serm. 16 The guilt that is contracted from those habits doth make a Callus, and sear the Conscience. 1692 Bp. G. Burnet Disc. Pastoral Care vii. 73 A Callus that he Contracts, by his insensible way of handling Divine Matters. 1745 S. Squire Serm. preached before Lord Mayor 12 Chastisement may, perhaps, cut through the callus of their souls. 1817 J. Bentham Def. Econ. against G. Rose 286 For forming a gag to stop complaints in the mouth of the party tormented, as well as a callus to case the heart of the tormentor, precedent is indeed a mighty good thing. 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xii. 341 Editors..develope enormous calluses at every point of contact with authorship. 1924 G. Knox Land of Afternoon 118 These moral callouses which she simply could not understand. 1964 D. Gregory & R. Lipsyte Nigger (1965) 179 The Negro has a callus growing on his soul and it's getting harder and harder to hurt him there. 2000 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 22 June 11/2 When she realised how many Americans considered her a traitor, ‘I put a callus over my heart’. 2. Medicine. Connective tissue which forms at the site of a fracture in a bone, initially containing fibrous tissue, blood vessels, cartilage, and trabeculae of bone, and which is eventually converted entirely into bone; an area of such tissue. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > [noun] > fractures > callus at fracture callus1567 1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 90 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. This substance..commyng as a lygature betwene the endes of the broken bones..is of Galen called Callus.] 1567 T. Gale tr. Galen Θεραπευτικον: Methodus Medendi v. viii, in Certaine Wks. 267 Why they do not rather doubt howe grosse bloud yssueth oute of the Callus of a fractured bone. 1678 T. Jones Of Heart & Soveraign 396 Nature supplyes the..breaches, in our bones, by a callus, or hardness of the like kind. 1722 W. Cheselden Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) i. i. 4 The Callous from the broken ends of a Bone that is not set. 1845 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. I. 125 The permanent callus has all the characters of true bone. 1954 G. R. Cameron in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxviii. 530 This provisional callus also anchors together the broken separated bone segments. 2005 R. McNeill Alexander Human Bones v. 121 Hydroxyapatite is deposited in this cuff, converting it to a bony callus. 3. Botany. Parenchymatous tissue which forms at the site of a wound in a plant and later differentiates, sometimes forming new shoots and roots; an area of such tissue. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > protuberance or lump > [noun] > hard formation in or on plant callum?1440 callus1721 1721 R. Bradley tr. G. A. Agricola Philos. Treat. Husbandry 121 There is form'd at the Bottom a kind of Callus, which produces a Root. 1811 tr. K. L. Willdenow Princ. Bot. & Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) v. 320 The vessels..begin to form a callus below, sending out new parts that become roots. 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 173 The callus formed between the bark and the wood, when the stem is cut off above the root. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1236 From the callus, too, buds giving rise to new shoots may spring. 1973 H. E. Street Plant Tissue & Cell Culture xv. 424 It is this capacity of cell, callus and meristem cultures to regenerate whole plants that has been exploited to..effect the micropropagation of orchids and some ornamentals and vegetables. 2012 Jrnl. Trop. Forest Sci. 24 194/2 Larger wounds of conventional flush pruning resulted in more rapid callus production. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). callusv. Brit. /ˈkaləs/, U.S. /ˈkæləs/ Forms: 1800s– callous, 1800s– callus. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: callus n. Etymology: < callus n. Compare earlier callous v., callused adj. 1. Frequently with over. a. transitive. To cause callus to form at the site of (a wound or cut in a plant); to cause (a plant, cutting, etc.) to form callus. See callus n. 3.For figurative uses of the form callus see callous v., especially the note at sense 1. ΚΠ 1824 R. Sweet Geraniaceæ II. §163 These require no water till the wound is callused over. 1860 Gardener's Monthly July 207/1 We have found a common preserving bottle excellent for callousing hard cuttings. 1895 San Antonio (Texas) Daily Light 1 Mar. It requires less effort on the part of the tree to send out new roots than to callous over injured places. 1921 Science 25 Feb. 179/2 Cut them [sc. branches]..in such a manner that the bark will eventually callous over the wound. 1994 J. Robinson Oxf. Compan. Wine 682/2 Cuttings are..callused by burying them in moist sand. b. intransitive. Of a plant, cutting, etc.: to form callus at the site of a wound; (of animal tissue) to become hardened or thickened. Also of a wound or injury to an animal, person, or (esp.) a plant: to form callus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > protuberance or lump > form a lump [verb (intransitive)] callus1835 1835 S. Thomson New Guide Health 104 If the leak is so slow as to callus as fast as they discharge it, it becomes a hard dead lump of flesh. 1844 G. Greenwood Tree-lifter 62 The wounds of the roots of trees..begin to heal or cicatrise, or, as the gardeners say, callousover immediately. 1864 S. Hibberd Rose Bk. 284 They [sc. cuttings] will in fact callus quicker if the soil is nearly dry. 1871 New Eng. Farmer Feb. 94/1 I have a cow that slipped her stifle some six weeks ago... Some of my neighbors said it would callous over and not hurt her. 1914 H. S. Graves Basket Willow Culture U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 622 10 Cuttings made six weeks or more before planting time are better, as..there is time for them to callous over at each end. 1958 Times 22 Nov. 9/4 They allow the natural healing processes to carry on underneath so that in time the wound [on a tree] will callus over. 1990 Mycologia 82 64/1 In many forest stands one-half of Alaska-yellow cedar trees have these scars, either fresh or, more often, old and callusing. 1998 Garden Answers Sept. 9/3 The cut end of the leaf cuttings will callus over (form a rough area of tissue), preventing rot from occurring. 2. transitive. To cause (a part of the body, esp. the hands or feet) to develop calluses, typically through strenuous or repetitive work or activity.For figurative uses of the form callus see callous v., especially the note at sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > afflict with or cause a skin disorder [verb (transitive)] > render hard brawn1571 callus1842 1842 F. H. Whipple Mechanic vii. 76 She asks not if the hand of a man has been calloused by the implements of manual labor. 1880 E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones 108 Hands calloused by toil. 1900 H. F. Day Up in Maine (1901) 174 Who has faced the wind and weather, fingers calloused by the leather. 1913 Country Gentleman 6 Sept. 1288/3 Callusing his hands with chisel, tongs and cement trowel. 1967 Times 29 Apr. 2/5 Those hopefuls who have been callousing their hands and feet with the intention of making them hard enough to shatter a 6in.-thick oak door. 1987 H. Turtledove Misplaced Legion v. 98 The Videssian's palm was even harder than his own, callused not only from weaponwork but also by years of holding the reins. 2004 Rhetorica 22 67 Psellos describes monastic life as ‘callusing the knee and turning the finger to stone’. Derivatives ˈcallusing n. the process of forming callus or calluses. ΚΠ 1861 Farmer & Gardener May 846/1 I object to the practice of removing cuttings immediately after callusing. 1903 R. E. Peary in Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 35 514 The process of breaking in the tendons and muscles of my feet to their new relations, and the callousing of the amputation scars in this the first serious demand upon them, had been disagreeable. 1930 Plant Physiol. 5 583 These two factors are very vital to the callusing of the cutting. 2014 Sunday Times (Nexis) 25 May I have designed a foot powder..to help reduce the heat and friction in shoes, which causes the callusing. ˈcallusing adj. causing or undergoing the formation of callus or calluses. ΚΠ 1920 World's Work May 104/1 Hands which have not known hard and callousing labor for a long time. 1995 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 122 42/1 Diseased trees were examined for abnormal cankers.., in contrast to normal lethal cankers, which..show no signs of callusing periderm. 2002 In Vitro & Developmental Biol.: Plant 38 645/1 Uniform sized, actively callusing [maize] embryos were selected. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1563v.1824
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