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单词 carburize
释义

carburizev.

Brit. /ˈkɑːbjᵿrʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈkɑrbəˌraɪz/
Forms: 1800s– carburise, 1800s– carburize.
Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a borrowing from French, combined with an English element. Etymons: carbure n., -ize suffix; French carbure , -ize suffix.
Etymology: < carbure n. or its etymon French carbure (1837 in the source translated in quot. 1839) + -ize suffix. Compare French carburer (1837 in the source translated in quot. 1839).
Chiefly Metallurgy.
transitive. To cause to combine with or incorporate carbon or a carbon compound; esp. to add carbon to (wrought iron) in making cement steel.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb (transitive)] > carbonization
carbonate1805
carbonize1813
carburize1839
carburet1851
1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 339/2 It consists in obtaining pure hydrogen by decomposing water by means of incandescent charcoal, and then carburizing it by mixture during the simultaneous decomposition of another liquid substance rich in carbon and hydrogen.
1868 Bessemer Process & Wks. in U.S. 7 Iron carburized to any degree required.
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 181 Blister or cement-steel is made by carburizing wrought iron bars by packing them in charcoal powder and heating without access of air.
1897 Philos. Trans. 1896 (Royal Soc.) A. 187 405 Pure iron may be carburized by diamond in vacuo.
1946 V. N. Wood Metall. Materials v. 155 Low carbon steels with their low hardenability are unsuitable for the purpose of Shorter hardening unless first carburised.
1977 Sci. Amer. Oct. 127/1 The presence of pearlite in an iron artifact is a clear indication that the artifact has been carburized.
2001 Jewish Q. Rev. 92 115 This carburization process in an open forge could only carburize a thin surface layer of the object.

Derivatives

ˈcarburized adj.
ΚΠ
1853 Mechanics' Mag. 2 July 34/1 The use of electricity in producing carburization in soft iron to form steel and carburized iron.
1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 102 Spiegeleisen is pig-iron's most highly carburized and crystalline form.
1936 E. A. Atkins & A. G. Walker Electr. Arc & Oxy-acetylene Welding (ed. 3) x. 111 An old file should be used to scrape away the surplus metal before annealing the work. This removes the hard carburized skin.
2001 Wired Feb. 138/3 The carburized tip of the C69 blade.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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