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单词 canker
释义

cankern.

Brit. /ˈkaŋkə/, U.S. /ˈkæŋkər/
Forms: Old English cancer, Old English 1500s–1700s cancor, late Old English–1700s cancre, Middle English cankir, Middle English cankyr, Middle English cankyre, Middle English cauncre, Middle English kanckur, Middle English kankir, Middle English kankre, Middle English–1600s cankre, Middle English–1700s kanker, Middle English– canker, late Middle English cancries (plural), late Middle English kankere, 1500s–1600s cancar, 1500s–1600s cankar, 1500s–1700s cancker; English regional 1800s– cankie (Wiltshire), 1800s– conker (south-western), 1900s– caanker (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 cancre, pre-1700 cankir, pre-1700 cankyr, pre-1700 1700s– canker, pre-1700 1700s– kanker.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin cancr-, cancer; French cancre, chancre.
Etymology: Originally < classical Latin cancr-, cancer cancer n.; subsequently reinforced by Anglo-Norman cancre, cauncre, cankre, caunkre, cankur, kancre, kanker, kankur, kaunkir (also as chancre ) the constellation Cancer, the sign of the zodiac, abscess, ulcer, sore, tumour, carcinoma, canker worm, crab (13th cent. or earlier) and Old French, Middle French cancre, variant of Old French, Middle French chancre ulcer, sore, tumour, cancer, (also) gangrene (1st half of 13th cent. or earlier as chancre , in Middle French (16th cent.) also as cancre ; French chancre ; now usually in sense ‘sore or ulcer caused by an infectious disease’, especially with reference to venereal disease and thrush or aphtha: see chancre n.), crab (a1268 as cancre , 1314 as chancre ; French cancre ), the sign of the zodiac (apparently only as cancre ; in a 15th-cent. copy of a 13th-cent. work, subsequently from the 16th cent.; French † cancre ) < classical Latin cancer cancer n. Compare Old Occitan cancer (c1200; earliest with reference to the disease; Occitan càncer; earlier as cranc (late 12th cent.)), Catalan càncer (late 13th cent.; earliest with reference to the disease and the constellation), Spanish cancro (c1250; earliest with reference to the constellation), cáncer (1256; earliest with reference to the constellation; also as cancre, †cancrio), Portuguese cancer Cancer, sign of the zodiac; cancer, malignant tumour (13th cent.), cancro cancer, malignant tumour (14th cent. as cangro), Italian cancro (1282; earliest with reference to the constellation), canchero (14th cent.; earliest with reference to the disease), and also Middle Dutch canker, canckere (with reference to the animal and the disease; Dutch kanker), Middle Low German canker, cancer, cancher, canser (with reference to the disease and the constellation), and Old High German kancur (with reference to the disease; German Kanker kind of disease affecting trees; rare, probably obsolete); all < Latin (in Middle Low German partly also < French).Anglo-Norman cancre as a variant of Old French, Middle French chancre is the phonologically expected form in this dialect, due to a difference in development of initial ca- (in classical Latin cancer ), whereas Old French, Middle French cancre (except in northern texts) is due to partial Latinization of chancre . For fully Latinized forms in French see cancer n. It has been suggested that the Germanic words partly reflect an underlying vernacular word ultimately cognate with gangrene n. or conger n.1, but the Greek words adduced in support of this theory present problems. The Old English form cancer is ambiguous as to the pronunciation of medial -c- and perhaps in some instances could be taken as representing earlier attestations of cancer n. In Old English also occasionally with Latin case inflections. French chancre is apparently not attested denoting diseases of plants (compare sense 5) until later than in English (1690). With sense 1d compare Middle French chancre kind of disease affecting the ears of dogs (1564 or earlier). With later use in sense 7b compare Cornish kankar (Old Cornish cancher ; perhaps < Latin). As plant name or plant name element (see sense 8 and also canker berry n., canker rose n., cankerweed n., cankerwort n. at Compounds 2) so used either on account of the medicinal use of the plant against ulcers or cancer (compare cancer n. 4) or on account of the plant's parasitic or ineradicable growth. In sense 8a after Latin herba cancri (1559 in the passage translated in quot. 1559 at sense 8a; earlier in a British glossary (a1500, glossed ‘camomile’)). Compare also post-classical Latin herba cancrosa plant thought useful in the treatment of cancer (1363 in Chauliac). With canker-eat vb. at Compounds 2, canker-eaten at Compounds 1, compare cankerfret v., cankerfret adj.
I. A destructive or corrosive agent, and related uses.
1.
a. A chronic, non-healing sore or ulcer, esp. one that extends into surrounding tissue; (in early use) spec. a cancer, or the disease cancer. Perhaps also: gangrene. Cf. cancer n. 3a. Now archaic or historical and rare.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > cancer
cankereOE
cancer1527
carcinoma1583
carcinomatosis1872
big C1959
scirrhus2003
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > a suppuration > abscess > ulcer
cankereOE
rankle?c1190
fester?c1225
gutefestre?c1225
malemorte1341
mormalc1387
red gownc1400
ulcerc1400
fistula?a1425
esthiomene?1541
fret1545
exulceration1551
phagedaena1567
sycosis1580
ulceration1580
run1648
ulcuscle1794
festering1804
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xliv. 108 Sealf wiþ cancre, genim cu meoluc butan wætere, læt weorþan to fletum, geþwer to buteran.
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xliv. 110 Wiþ canceradle, acrind on norþan treowe be eorþan & medowyrt nioþeweard,..gecnua to duste, do henne æges þæt hwite to & hunig,..gemeng wið þam dustum, clæm on ðone cancer.
OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) clxv. 208 Þysse sylfæn wyrte [sc. banwyrt] leaf mid hunige gecnucude & gemencgede þone cancor þæra toða [L. cancri dentium] gehæleð, of ðam foroft ða teþ fealleð.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 77 As hali writ seið hare speche sprad ase cancre.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Tim. ii. 17 The word of hem crepith as a kankir [a1425 L.V. canker, L. ut cancer].
c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 76 (MED) For kankir in þe wonde.
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 171 (MED) Sho was so smytyn with canker..þat no creatur mot fele þe stynk of hur.
c1465 Care of Horses (Yale Beinecke 163) f. 55 Hit ys when a hors ys wronge by-fore the sadell & it is bred on-to a kankyr.
1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. X ij A canker is a melancolye impostume, eatynge partes of the bodye.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Clarence xi. 3 No cankar fretteth flesh so sore.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 248/2 When as a woman getteth an obduratede Breste, & feareth leaste it be the Cancker.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 14 Heale the inueterate Canker of one wound, By making many. View more context for this quotation
1630 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime (new ed.) viii. 88 Who had halfe his nose eaten away with a Canker.
1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) §99. 163 Women that have Cankers in their breasts.
1701 London Gaz. No. 3723/4 Her [sc. a mare's] Tongue almost eaten off with a Canker.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. lxiii. 259 A mishapen or rusty Bit..will create those sort of Ulcers the Farriers call cankers.
1752 G. Berkeley Thoughts Tar-water in Wks. (1871) III. 497 The foul disease, which with them passeth for a canker as they call it.
1892 M. H. Dand in R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words I. 129 In 1847 a young man in my employ was ‘stuck’ in the shoulder with a pitchfork, which his mother put into the fire, and which she implicitly believed would burn the canker out of the wound.
1998 H. Mantel Giant, O'Brien iv. 58 Here's a toast to London..where the cow is dying from lack of light and air, where the people are dying of dropsy, quinsy, tisick, measles, croup, gout, canker, teething, overlaying, mold-shot head, thrush, cough, whooping-cough, duelling, surfeit, pleurisy, dysentery, lethargy, child-bed, King's Evil and unknown causes.
b. Also mouth canker. An ulcer within the mouth; any of several disorders causing such ulceration, esp. noma (also water canker) (now historical) and aphthous stomatitis. Cf. canker sore n.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > a suppuration > abscess > ulcer > other ulcers
mouth canker?c1425
canker sore1798
cankerfret1823
perforating ulcer1853
cold ulcer1870
stercoral ulcer1898
?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 635 (MED) Chaufynges and smale cancres of þe gomes ben amended with þe water of wodebynde.
1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 78v Cankers in the mouthes of the chyldren.
1589 J. Banister Antidotarie Chyrurg. 146 (heading) A Gargarisme for vlceration in the mouth called water Canker.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 362 The Canker in the mouth..is a rawnesse of the mouth and tongue, which is full of blisters.
1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments ii. ii. 79 Treacle water for mouth cankers.
1715 W. Cockburn Symptoms Gonorrhœa (ed. 2) viii. 94 They resemble the Sores on the inside of the Lips, we commonly call Cankers.
1743 J. Hempstead Diary 17 Dec. (1901) 418 A Child of Ann Fords Died..[of] Canker.
1826 Lancet 20 May 228/1 The disease called ‘canker of the mouth’, is only an aggravated state of the same disease [sc. aphthae].
1839 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 7 470 Cancer aquaticus, water-canker or noma.
1852 Lancet 15 May 464/2 We see it also in the irritation of the mucous membrane in measles, dentition, salivation, aphthæ, carious teeth, canker, disease of the gums, [etc.].
1959 Home Encycl. 265 Ulcers in the mouth or canker may be extremely painful and difficult to cure, yet not really serious.
2003 Brit. Jrnl. Plastic Surg. 56 525/1Mouth canker’ and ‘water canker’ were the popular names for the facial gangrene both in English and Dutch several centuries ago.
c. Chronic infection and necrosis of the horn-producing tissues of a horse's foot, often involving the sole and hoof wall; an instance of this.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > disorders of feet or hooves
pains1440
mellitc1465
false quarter1523
gravelling?1523
founder1547
foundering1548
foot evil1562
crown scab1566
prick1566
quittor bone1566
moltlong1587
scratches1591
hoof-bound1598
corn1600
javar1600
frush1607
crepance1610
fretishing1610
seam1610
scratchets1611
kibe1639
tread1661
grease1674
gravel1675
twitter-bone1688
cleft1694
quittor1703
bleymes1725
crescent1725
hoof-binding1728
capelet1731
twitter1745
canker1753
grease-heels1753
sand-crack1753
thrush1753
greasing1756
bony hoof1765
seedy toe1829
side bone1840
cracked heel1850
mud fever1872
navicular1888
coronitis1890
toe-crack1891
flat-foot1894
1753 J. Bartlet Gentleman's Farriery xli. 298 A canker in the foot proceeds for the most part from thrushes, when they prove rotten and putrid.
1801 R. Lawrence Inq. Struct. & Animal Œcon. Horse iii. 58 This disease [sc. running thrush] attacks the frog of the foot, extending from its center up to the cleft of the heels, and if neglected, terminates sometimes in a canker.
1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 456/4 (advt.) ‘Pathological Horse Shoeing’, by J. B. Coleman, M. R. C. V. S., showing rational and rapid methods of cure for Founder, Navicular Disease, Contraction, Corns Quarter Crack, Thrush, Canker, Quittor, etc.
1915 F. B. Hadley Horse in Health & Dis. 197 Canker results from infection of the pododerm or foot-skin.
1995 Canad. Horseman Mar.–Apr. 36/3 It can also be used to protect hooves during shipping, for a safe and comfortable turnout, to cushion and relieve pressure when corns or cankers occur.
d. Inflammation of the ear (external otitis) in a dog, cat, rabbit, etc., often associated with ear mite infestation.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of animals generally > [noun] > parasitic
wormc1000
botc1465
canker1753
heartworm1877
strongylosis1883
surra1883
psorospermosis1894
nagana1895
tsetse-fly disease1895
babesiasis1907
babesiosis1907
strike1932
1753 Country Gentleman's Compan. II. ii. 25 If your Hound be troubled with a Canker in his Ears, which is a Grief much incident unto them.
1833 W. H. Maxwell Field Bk. 91 Canker in the ear.—A common and troublesome disease, to which dogs are liable.
1891 Kennel Gaz. Aug. 197/1 These [sc. mites] are parasites, and are, in my opinion, the cause of that disease called canker of the ear.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 19/2 T'dog's getten canker iv his ear by t'leuks on it.
1980 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide to Raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) iii. 72/1 Ear canker is caused by a mite which sets up an irritation and contagious discharge. Any rabbit shaking its head and trying to scratch its ear should be investigated for canker.
2002 J. Cunliffe Encycl. Dog Breeds (new ed.) 56/2 Build-up of wax and ear mites can give rise to canker.
e. A disease of pigeons, poultry, and other birds, characterized by caseous deposits in the mouth and throat and caused by the protozoan Trichomonas gallinae; trichomoniasis. Cf. canker-mouthed at Compounds 1.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of birds > [noun] > disorders of pigeons
navel-fallen1735
core1792
canker1850
1850 H. Beasley Druggist's Gen. Receipt Bk. 143 Canker in Pigeons. Apply burnt alum, mixed with honey.
1851 J. M. Eaton Treat. Almond Tumbler 26 The first and most fatal [disease] that has come under my observation is, what is commonly understood and called by the name of the Canker.
1894 L. Wright Pract. Poultry Keeper i. ix. 94 Canker.—It is uncertain whether or not this malignant disease, marked by ulcers about the head, is a modification of the specific roup virus or not.
1902 E. C. Rice National Standard Squab Bk. x. 64 A case of canker in your flock should be a warning to you that the feed is wrong or water is wrong, or that you have a filthy house.
1973 J. E. Cooper in J. G. Mavrogordato Hawk for Bush (new ed.) xiv. 141 It may be sufficient to say here that typical frounce is the same as pigeon canker,..and is normally transmitted by infected pigeons used as hawk food.
1987 E. W. Burr Compan. Bird Med. xxi. 129/2 Protozoa of the digestive tract are an important cause of disease in birds kept by humans... This disease usually affects young birds, causing high mortality. Two types of lesions may be found, diphtheritic (wet canker) and necrotic (dry caseous necrosis).
2002 Vet. Parasitol. 106 278 T. gallinae is the causative agent of canker in pigeons and frounce in birds of prey.
2. Corrosion on the surface of metal, spec. verdigris or rust. Now English regional.
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the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > rust disease or condition of having
rustOE
rustinga1398
canker?c1425
black rust1785
red gum1794
red rust1806
rust disease1816
red robin1821
red rag1841
crown rust1868
rustiness1882
stem rust1899
?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 458 In þe stede of the whiche, þe grene cancre [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. þe grene rascature i. rasyng; L. rascatura viridis] of vesselles of byyonde þe see is taken.
1533 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe i. 9 Choler, grene lyke to grene cankar of mettalls.
1555 R. Eden tr. V. Biringucci Pyrotechnia in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 334 Althoughe it [sc. gold] lye many yeares in the earth or in the water, it is not infected with rust or canker for that neyther of them are able to corrupte it.
1557 Bible (Whittingham) Matt. vi. 19 Wher the mothe and kanker corrupt.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Fiii/1 The Canker on iron, ferrugo.
1593 M. Drayton Ideas Mirrour sig. D3 Mettles doe waste, and fret with cankers rust.
1763 London Mag. Apr. 201/1 But it is well known that water forms upon copper a kind of canker or rust called verdigris.
1800 J. Flavell Husb. Spiritualized 543 If I let them alone, their lusts, like the rust and canker in metals, will eat them out.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words Canker, rust; oxidization on any metal, but especially iron.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Canker, verdigris.
1891 Leeds Mercury Suppl. 3 Jan. 8/6 Iron mould is termed canker.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 19/2 We mun file t'canker off t'raals afore paintin of 'em.
3. A caterpillar or other insect larva which attacks plants, esp. the buds and leaves; a cankerworm. Obsolete.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva
niteOE
wormOE
grubc1420
canker1440
caterpillarc1440
cankerworm1530
mad1573
bug1594
blote1657
vermicle1657
hexapod1668
grub-worm1752
truffle-worm1753
larva1768
larve1822
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants
canker1440
rukel?1440
cankerworm1530
canker-blossom1600
whirl-worm1643
whirl1658
bud-worm1850
stem borer1921
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 60 Cankyr, worme of a tre, Teredo.
1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. lxxviiv What other thinge are these in a realme save horsleches and even very magottes cancres and caterpillers, which devoure no moare but all that is grene.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 6 The eyes of..Betles, Cankers, & such other.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. ii. 3 Some to kill cankers in the musk rose buds. View more context for this quotation
1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 21 in Justa Edouardo King As killing as the canker to the rose.
1662 R. Venables Experienc'd Angler ii. 15 That way of angling upon or above the water, is with Cankers, Palmers, Caterpillars, Cadbait, or any worm bred on herbs or trees; or with flies natural or artificial.
1781 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. Norfolk (1787) II. 33 What a variety of enemies have turneps in this country! The ‘fly’, the ‘canker’, the ‘maggot’ (at the root) and the ‘anbury’, have this year already destroyed myriads.
1814 L. Murray Young Man's Best Compan. 432 These cankers are supposed to be the caterpillar state of the yellow fly.
1835 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (ed. 9) I. 201/2 These caterpillars are provincially called black cankers.
1858 J. Martineau Stud. Christianity 103 The prophet [sc. Jonah] was offended..that the canker was sent to destroy his favorite plant.
4. figurative.
a. A malignant or destructive influence that corrodes or corrupts, and is difficult to eradicate.
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the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > a harmful thing or person > thing > slow or stealthy
apostemec1380
cankera1475
cankerworm1580
cancer1597
sap1748
tapeworm1824
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 11837 Vertues..Han dyuers extremytes, Kankres at outher ende, That ffrete on hem.
1564 T. Palfreyman Baldwin's Treat. Moral Philos. (new ed.) ii. f. 55 v That pestylent and most infectuous canker, ydlenes.
1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. Iiiv Three cankers which..wil eat vp the whole common Welth.
1597 F. Bacon Ess. f. 10 Enuie which is the canker of Honour.
a1635 R. Sibbes Learned Comm. 2 Cor. i. (1655) xxiii. 508 Suspition is a Canker that eats into the soul where it is, and it will consume and waste all love.
1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 420 Such Vermin are to be lookt upon by all sober Christians, as the very Cankers of Society, and the Shame of any Religion.
1750 W. Beawes Lex Mercatoria (1752) 36 An extravagant Interest..is a sure Canker to their Fortunes.
1791 H. Battier Protected Fugitives Pref. p. xv When..the works of the ungrateful P. feel the canker of that oblivion.
1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. xiv. 223 Thought, feeling, the faculties and impulses of man, all ulcered into one great canker—Gain.
1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. i. 15 The canker of Byzantian vice.
1895 G. Allen Woman who Did ix. 100 The festering social canker of prostitution.
1924 A. D. H. Smith Porto Bello Gold ix. 114 'Tis a canker will wreck the most powerful State in time.
1952 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 16 Aug. 16/2 The canker that eats into the zest of life is the sense of futility.
1978 R. Butler Against Wind (1979) iv. 84 I find you guilty of the charges and tainted with the canker of rebellion.
2006 Africa News (Nexis) 7 Apr. Corruption, a cancerous canker that has continued to eat into the social fabric of the Zimbabwean society.
b. Scottish. Bad humour, ill temper. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Banffshire, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Fife, and Lanarkshire in 1938.
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the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [noun]
melancholya1393
morosity1534
distemperature1571
distemperance1574
diverseness1574
sullennessa1586
spleen1596
distemper1604
mustinessa1625
canker?1635
distemperedness1649
moroseness1653
tetricalness1653
moodiness1694
dishumour1712
ill humour1748
sulkiness1760
stuff1787
funk1808
sumphishness1830
spleenishness1847
moodishness1857
grouchiness1925
?1635 in D. Dickson Sel. Pract. Writings (1845) (modernized text) 195 My canker turned into meekness.
1773 in R. Fergusson Sc. Poems (1925) 29 Gin ony here wi Canker knocks, And has na lous'd his siller pocks, Ye need na think to fleetch or cox.
1822 H. Ainslie Pilgrimage to Land of Burns 271 Then I'll brew a browst for thee, Jock, Will kill thy cankers a'.
1866 W. Gregor Dial. Banffshire (Philol. Soc.) 21 The bairn's eaten aff o's feet wee doonricht canker.
5.
a. Any of numerous diseases affecting plants (esp. fruit trees), having similar symptoms typified by slow decay of the bark and tissues. In later use frequently with distinguishing word, esp. denoting the plant or plant part affected, or causative organism.apple, larch canker: see the first element.
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the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > caused by insects
canker1555
grubbing1844
oyster shell scale1877
aphis-blight1882
big bud1884
blackfly1884
fly-blight1887
scale-blight1898
parasitization1909
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 211v The disease of trees that the Latines caule Caries, which we may caule the worme or canker, being but a certeyne putrifaction.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie iii. viii. sig. G2 If the canker fret the barkes of Oakes.
1653 R. Austen Treat. Fruit-trees 54 Crab-trees..are usually free from the Canker.
1704 L. Meager Compl. Eng. Gardner (ed. 10) 30 The Canker is as bad a mischief as any that happens to Trees, but especially to young Trees, which being small, are eaten or tainted round before one is aware of it.
1787 T. Kyle Treat. Managem. Peach & Nectarine Trees 24 Plant in it five young, strong, trained trees, about three or four years old from the bud, and free of mildew or canker.
1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. v. 230 The canker, or erosion of the bark and wood, is a disease produced often..by a poverty of soil.
1846 J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 62 Such trees are..not liable to canker.
1910 G. Massee Dis. Cultivated Plants & Trees 15 During late years it [sc. the indigenous Nectria fungus] has become much more aggressive, and epidemics of ‘canker’ are too frequent at present.
1937 Amer. Home Apr. 136/4 Older cankers when first uncovered may present a rainbow of colors, but later there is only light brown, dead tissue, filled with tiny black dots—the fruiting bodies of the fungus.
1959 A. Beaumont Dis. Farm Crops i. 15 Canker or stem canker describes a limited zone of decay which may be abnormal in appearance.
1998 Guardian 11 July i. 21/4 There is a disease called bacterial canker, a sort of cherry Aids, which has done severe and unstoppable damage.
b. A disease affecting harvested barley (see quot.). Obsolete. rare.
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1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) II. 92 Suffering others with their Shoes to tread on many of the Corns of the Malt while they lie working on the Floor, which is often attended with ill Consequences; for, by bruising the Kernels, there immediately commences the Growth of a Canker, that will show itself in a Bunch, turn green, etc.
6. Perhaps: a medicinal preparation consisting of water containing lime and mercuric chloride; = canker-water n. (a) at Compounds 2. Obsolete.
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1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 586 The braines of a Leopard being mingled with a little quantity of the water which is called a Canker, and with a little Iasmine, and so mixed together..doth mittigate the paine or ach of the belly.
II. The Crab (constellation or animal); other extended uses.
7.
a. The constellation and zodiacal sign Cancer; = cancer n. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Cancer
cankerOE
crabc1000
cancerc1392
tropicc1400
OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. §44. 36 Þonne se dæg langað þonne gæð seo sunne norðweard oð þæt heo becymð to ðam tacne þe is gehaten cancer.
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) ii. i. 74 Æfter him Iunius sihð to mancynne,..and seo sunne gæð on þam tacne þe ys Cancer gehaten.
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 In this heued of canc[re] is the grettest declinacioun northward of the sonne..this signe of cancre is cleped the tropik of Somer.
?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer De Consol. Philos. i. m. vi. l. 4 Whan that Phebus the sonne is in the sygne of the Cancre.
b. A crab; cf. cancer n. 2. rare. Now English regional (Cornwall).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab)
crabc1000
crab-fisha1400
cancer?a1425
partan1428
crayfish1509
canker1562
rock crab1736
fiery-tangs1813
cancroid1852
brachyuran1877
partan-crab1893
1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 80 v, in Bulwarke of Defence This Castor..loueth to feede vpon Crabs and Cankers of the Sea.
1569 E. Fenton tr. P. Boaistuau Certaine Secrete Wonders Nature f. 72 Lykewise some assure, that brusing a handefull of Basill with Cancres marins, or of the Riuer, that all the Scorpions farre or neare will come vnto him.]
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 9/2 Canker, a cock crab.
1963 R. M. Nance Gloss. Cornish Sea-words 54 Canker, the harbour crab, Carcinus maenas... Newlyn and Mousehole.
8.
a. Dove's foot cranesbill, Geranium molle. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > geranium and allied flowers > geranium
canker1559
bloody cranesbill1634
geranium1760
scarlet geranium1760
pelargonium1813
Tom Thumb1847
fish geranium1865
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 187 The herbe called Cancar [L. herba cancri]..is also called Doue Foote.
b. A type of wild rose, esp. the dog rose, Rosa canina; (also) the fruit of this plant. Now chiefly English regional.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorn-tree or -bush > brier or wild rose-bush > [noun]
brierc1000
eglaterea1400
eglantinec1400
hound's thornc1420
dogberry1527
dog-briar1530
sweet-briar1538
brier-bush1562
dog bramble1567
canker1582
dog rose1597
canker rose1606
dog-thorn1694
cynorrhodon1706
bramble-rose1713
Scotch rose1731
white dog rose1770
brier-rose1810
bull-brier1860
missionary1881
burnet-rose1884
1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes i. xi. 11 The buddes of Cankers or wilde Eglantine.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 174 To put down Richard, that sweet louely Rose, And plant this thorne, this canker Bullingbrooke? View more context for this quotation
1623 J. Fletcher & W. Rowley Maid in Mill 20 A white rose or a canker.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Canker, the dog-rose. Devon. Called also the canker-rose.
1846 Sowerby's Eng. Bot. (1864) III. 230 The Wild Rose is sometimes called the Canker in various parts of the Country.
1891 R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland, Devonshire 31 Canker or canker-rose, the dog-rose, the berries of which are called Canker-berries.
1960 A. O. D. Claxton Suffolk Dial. 20th Cent. (ed. 2) 25 Cankers, dog rose fruit... Hips. Originally the dogrose.
1999 R. Malster Mardler's Compan. 21 Cankers, the fruit of the wild rose, otherwise known as hips. Originally the word was used for the dog-rose.
c. English regional. Any of a variety of plants or fungi; spec. (a) field poppy ( Papaver rhoeas); (b) dandelion (genus Taraxacum); (c) a toadstool. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool
froga1398
fungea1398
toadstool1398
paddock-stoola1400
padstoola1400
toad's hatc1440
paddockcheesea1500
campernoyle1527
fungus1527
frogstool1535
bruche1562
fungo1562
champignon1578
toadstool1607
toad's bread1624
canker1640
fung1665
fungoid1734
agaric1777
pixie stool1787
fungillus1794
toad's capa1825
fungal1836
hysterophyte1849
macrofungus1946
the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > dandelion
priest's crownc1300
monk's-head?c1400
dandelion1513
lion's tooth1562
pissabed1565
swine snout1596
canker1640
leontodon1807
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > poppy and allied flowers > poppy
poppyeOE
wild poppya1300
red poppya1400
mecop1480
corn-rose1527
field poppy1597
redweed1609
darnel1612
cockrose?1632
canker1640
tell-love1640
rose poppy1648
erratic poppy1661
corn poppy1671
headwark1691
cop-rose1776
headachea1825
thunderbolt1847
thunder-flower1853
Iceland poppy1870
Greenland poppy1882
1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum xiv. 367 In English Wild Poppy, Corne Rose, redweede, and Canckers.
1753 W. Lewis New Dispensatory Index 604 Cankers... wild poppy.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Canker, a poisonous fungus, resembling a mushroom. Glou.
1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 66 Canker, the common red field poppy. Papaver Rhœas... The Canker is the pest of light land farmers.
1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester Canker, the dandelion.
1896 G. F. Northall Warwickshire Word-bk. Canker, a toadstool. Glouc.

Compounds

C1. Similative and instrumental, as †canker-bitten, canker-eaten, canker-hearted, †canker-mouthed, etc., adjs.
ΚΠ
1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie clxvii. 1034/1 Cankerhearted [Fr. reuesches] against God.
1597 G. Markham tr. G. Pétau de Maulette Deuoreux f. 15 The purest minds are canker-eate with rust.
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 14 The canker eaten brasse of their first bricklayers and founders.
1607 Lingua iii. ii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IX. 388 Those canker-stomached, spiteful creatures.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 119 My name is lost by treasons tooth. Bare-gnawne and canker -bitte. View more context for this quotation
1711 London Gaz. No. 4847/4 Her [sc. a mare's] Tongue Canker-eaten.
1753 T. Smollett Ferdinand Count Fathom II. lxi. 228 His reputation canker-bitten by the venomous tooth of slander.
1773 R. Fergusson Poems 63 'Twas balm to my canker-tooth'd care; The wound of affliction it heal'd.
1820 Hoyle's Games Improved 434 They [sc. cocks] may..become seam-eyed or canker-mouthed.
1848 R. Bolton Hist. County Westchester 239 If one proud, envious, canker-hearted general had his price, our soldiers were above purchase.
a1849 W. Nicholson Poet. Wks. (1897) 147 With sorrow, and sickness, and canker-toothed care.
1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 47 The canker-poisonous chains.
a1918 N.-V. Ghosha Poet. Wks. Ram Sharma (1919) 52 A flower canker-eaten in its pride.
1980 Buffalo Bill Dam & Reservoir 59 We..put two men on the moon, but we are sometimes sullen and canker-hearted when asked..to put a man on his feet here on earth.
C2.
canker berry n. now rare (a) (now English regional) the fruit of the dog rose (cf. sense 8b); (b) either of two West Indian plants of the genus Solanum, S. bahamense and S. racemosum; the fruit of either of these plants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Solanaceae (nightshade and allies) > [noun]
morela1400
nightshadea1400
petty morel?a1425
hound's-berryc1485
micklewort1531
manicon1543
garden nightshade1576
dulcamara1578
mad nightshade1578
raging nightshade1578
sleeping nightshade1578
solanum1578
tree nightshade1597
black nightshade1607
moonshade1626
mumme tree1629
winter cherry1629
blue bindweeda1637
canker berry1651
shrub-nightshade1666
poison berry1672
nightshade1733
woody nightshade1796
Sodom apple1808
African nightshade1839
solanal1846
felon-wood1861
shoo-fly plant1949
1651 R. Child Large Let. in S. Hartlib Legacie 27 Glauber an excellent Chymist hath divers secretes of this kind, even to the advancing of Hawes, Hips, Canker-Berries, Slowes, to excellent Aqua-vitæ's, drinkes, vinegars, which he himselfe first invented.
1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 174 The Canker Berry... The berries are bitterish, and thought to be very serviceable in sore throats.
1790 R. Thomas Med. Advice Inhabitants Warm Climates 51 When the latter [sc. spirit of vitriol] cannot be obtained, the juice of the canker-berry will be a proper substitute.
1891 R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland, Devonshire 31 Canker or canker-rose, the dog-rose, the berries of which are called Canker-berries.
1965 D. R. Harris Plants, Animals, & Man in Outer Leeward Islands iv. 31 Downslope woodland gives way..to thickets of wild tamarind and acacia, intermixed with prickly weeds, such as hogwood..and cankerberry (Solanum racemosum..).
1974 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 61 838 In Florida the species [sc. Solanum bahamense] is common on the Keys and other coastal areas of the south. ‘Canker Berry’.
canker bloom n. the blossom of the dog rose.
ΚΠ
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets liv. sig. D4 The Canker bloomes haue full as deepe a die, As the perfumed tincture of the Roses. View more context for this quotation
1875 H. Ellison Stones from Quarry 234 Poor canker-bloom, Whose fleeting loveliness, whose brief perfume, But hide decay.
1948 M. Carbery & E. Grey Herts. Heritage 66 Canker-bloom, wild rose.
1989 J. D. Douglas Myth Welfare State 402 Mao imposed such..enforcements that the ‘spring of a thousand blooms’ turned to drab canker blooms in a few decades.
canker-eat v. Obsolete transitive to corrupt or corrode like a canker.
ΚΠ
1618 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. Afterword 222 Those corruptions which Tyme hath brought forth to fret and canker-eate [the state].
1636 T. Cranley Amanda cxix. 47 Although thy sinne doth glister, and looke bright,..Twill canker eate thy heart, and make it rust.
canker-fly n. Obsolete rare (apparently) a kind of caterpillar or larva; a cankerworm.
ΚΠ
1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 98 There be of Flies, Caterpillars, and Canker flies, and Bear flies. View more context for this quotation
1863 E. H. Noel tr. J. P. F. Richter Flower, Fruit, & Thorn Pieces II. xvii. 207 Abusing him as a canker-fly of female buds, a dove-hawk, a house-breaker of the treasures of marriage.
canker rash n. North American (now historical) any of various diseases associated with ulceration of the mouth and throat; esp. scarlet fever.
ΚΠ
1820 C. Stuart Emigrant's Guide Upper Canada 304 The roots of the thimble-berry, together with those of the tall blackberry, and of the seneca snake-root, made into a strong tea, for the canker-rash, or sore throat, or sore mouth.
1843 J. F. Cooper Wyandotté I. vii. 116 Remember, Hugh, when your son, there, had the canker-rash, how actively and readily the Tuscarora went into the forest to look for the gold-thread that..cured him.
1863 R. Ludlam Course Clin. Lect. Diphtheria 10 I have known such symptoms to be diagnosed and treated as ‘canker rash’, or ulcerative stomatitis.
2004 M. Wood Pract. Trad. Western Herbalism 106 As a child he was afflicted with the ‘canker rash’, or scarlet fever.
canker rose n. (a) the dog rose (cf. sense 8b); (b) the field poppy (cf. sense 8c) (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorn-tree or -bush > brier or wild rose-bush > [noun]
brierc1000
eglaterea1400
eglantinec1400
hound's thornc1420
dogberry1527
dog-briar1530
sweet-briar1538
brier-bush1562
dog bramble1567
canker1582
dog rose1597
canker rose1606
dog-thorn1694
cynorrhodon1706
bramble-rose1713
Scotch rose1731
white dog rose1770
brier-rose1810
bull-brier1860
missionary1881
burnet-rose1884
1606 H. Peacham Art of Drawing 14 A single or canker Rose.
1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) Table Eng. Names Canker rose, i. red Poppy.
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 112 The Wild, or Canker-Rose, called Cinosbaton.
1883 R. Jefferies Nature near London 151 On the briar which holds the jacket the canker rose, which was green in summer, is now rosy.
1956 Shakespeare Q. 7 iii. 12 It [sc. the opposition] is now between the rose on the one hand and the thorn and the canker-rose on the other.
1983 PMLA 98 813/2 Canker roses, outwardly beautiful but lacking fragrance,..cannot live on in this way.
canker-water n. (a) = sense 6 (obsolete); (b) water containing significant quantities of metal oxides, esp. those of iron, in the form of colloidal suspensions or precipitates (cf. sense 2). (now rare).
ΚΠ
1678 tr. M. Charas Royal Pharmacopœa iii. iii. iv. 119 There is also another water made of Lime which the Moderns Phagedenick, or the Canker-water, which is nothing but a mixture of three pints of the first water with three pints of good Spirit of wine, and half an ounce of good sublimate corrosive.
1880 J. S. Jeans Steel xxxiv. 743 Feed water that gives an acid reaction when tested by litmus paper, such as the ‘canker’ water that sometimes finds its way into boilers.
1906 O. Onions Back o' Moon 29 For iron, Holdsworth Dyke is red as a haw with canker-water any day you care to go and look.
cankerweed n. (a) English regional ragwort, Jacobaea vulgaris; (b) U.S. rattlesnake root, Prenanthes alba.
ΚΠ
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Canker-weed, the senecio jacobœa..together with some neighbouring species.
1866 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 4 May (advt.) Constitution Life Syrup... With the Compound Concentrated Fluid Extract of..Blood Root, Canker Weed, Consumption Plant, [etc.].
1933 ‘M. Home’ Return i. 7 Around them nestled the fields that maintained an impossible and retreating fight against bracken and cankerweed and rabbits.
1974 N. Coon Dict. Useful Plants (1977) 115 Prenanthes alba..cankerweed... It is found in the woods from East to the Midwest.
1998 Daily Tel. 25 Aug. 17/5 Mature ragwort—or cankerweed, as we call it—must be pulled by hand to prevent seeding.
cankerwort n. [compare cancerwort n. at cancer n. and adj. Compounds 4] (a) probably a plant of the genus Lithospermum (cf. gromwell n. a) (obsolete); (b) dandelion (now chiefly historical) (cf. sense 8c); (c) = cancerwort n. at cancer n. and adj. Compounds 4 (obsolete).
ΚΠ
c1400 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 74 [Cauda Porcina] greynmyle, cankirworth.
1597 J. Gerard Herball Table Eng. Names Cankerwort, that is Pisse in bed.
1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) Table Eng. Names Cankerwort, i. Fluellin.
1908 A. R. Harding Ginseng & Other Medicinal Plants (rev. ed.) xxxi. 319 Dandelion... Other Common Names—Blow-ball, cankerwort, doon-head, clock.
1958 Berkshire Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 20 Aug. 23/3 The herbalists named most of these plants, and the names referred to their special uses. There was cankerwort, for instance.
2007 D. Sanderson Drunk in Sunlight 63 They've woken up miraculously old, Not swinesnout now or cankerwort, Not teeth of lions scattered on the lawn, But silver geodesic ghosts.

Derivatives

ˈcanker-like adj. and adv.
ΚΠ
1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 320 That pang of payne, which passeth all the rest, And canker like doth fret the hart.
1610 W. Baldwin et al. Variable Fortune Princes (rev. ed.) in J. Higgins et al. Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) 704 (R.) [Dissimulation] canker-like devours it to the root.
a1650 T. May Old Couple (1658) i. 3 The miser lives alone, abhorr'd by all Like a disease, yet cannot so be scap'd, But cankerlike, eats through the poor mens hearts That live about him.
1754 Instructor 156 Prosperity is the gay Season of Life, that..looks gorgeously, but breeds and nourishes Abundance of noxious Insects, that, Canker-like, devour it.
1859 E. D. Yeomans tr. P. Schaff Hist. Apostolic Church v. 660 The commencement and canker-like spread of apostasy from the pure apostolic tradition.
1899 Nevada State Jrnl. 27 July 4/4 That fear that ever abides in the heart of every Mormon wife eats cankerlike, at her vitality.
1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 6 Dec. 28/3 The flesh of the potato is destroyed and a canker-like appearance supervenes.
1998 National Gardening Apr. 40/3 Phomopsis... causes leaf spot, canker-like lesions on the stems and sunken dark areas on the fruits.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

cankerv.

Brit. /ˈkaŋkə/, U.S. /ˈkæŋkər/
Forms: late Middle English cankyr, late Middle English chencride (past tense), late Middle English congere (in a late copy), late Middle English kanker, late Middle English kankire, late Middle English kankre, late Middle English–1600s cancre, late Middle English–1600s cankre, late Middle English– canker, 1500s–1600s cancar, 1500s–1700s cancker, 1600s cankar.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: canker n.
Etymology: < canker n.In form chencride after Middle French chancre (see canker n. and compare chancre n.); perhaps compare the Middle French variant chencre (1480 in an apparently isolated attestation).
1.
a. transitive. To cause (a part of the body) to become ulcerated or cancerous. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > cause suppuration [verb (transitive)] > affect with abscess > cause ulcer
canker?a1425
exulcer?1541
exulcerate1541
ulcerate?1550
ulcer1642
beulcera1661
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 140v Þat it [sc. the uvula] be not touched wiþ yren, for yt shulde be perile vpon þe sikeman in cancryng it [?c1425 Paris forto make it cancrede].
b. intransitive. To fester, decay, or become corrupted; to develop (a) canker. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > of tissue: become diseased [verb (intransitive)] > become cancerous
canker1600
cancerate1670
1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah xxv. 524 In this sort to sollicite with a liuely faith, and not sleepingly or faintingly, is the launcing of that imposture, which doth canker and heate within vs.
1607 (?a1425) Chester Plays (Harl. 2124) i. 219 I comber, I canker [1600 Harl. 2013 congere], I kindle in care, I sinke in sorrow.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 192 As with age, his body ouglier growes, So his minde cankers . View more context for this quotation
1704 L. Meager Compl. Eng. Gardner (ed. 10) 22 Lest by being too slack, the Wind cause your stake to fret or gall your Tree, which doth sometimes cause it to canker in that place.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 18 The stratum beneath,..if uncongenial to the growth of the tree, will assuredly cause it to canker.
1879 G. MacDonald Paul Faber I. vii. 75 It cankers and breeds worms.
1903 Aberdeen Weekly Free Press 22 Aug. Th' neeps are some stiff, bit aw think they'll come t' b' a fair crap gin they dinna canker ower sair.
1917 E. L. G. Watson Mainland v. 156 His toes were to canker, his bones were to ache, his heart was to burst, his kidneys were to wither, his skin was to be covered with sores.
1920 E. A. Bunyard Handbk. Hardy Fruits 52 Rather apt to canker in some soils.
2. transitive. figurative. To infect or corrupt; to consume slowly and secretly like (a) canker.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > gradually or secretly
undergoc1000
minec1422
undercreepa1440
cankera1450
undermine1565
cankerfret1585
sap1711
honeycomb1821
white-ant1905
submarine1917
sabotage1918
undercut1955
monkeywrench1986
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > corrupt
corrumpa1340
corrupt1382
perisha1400
cankera1450
gangrenate1532
putrefy?1548
cankerfret1585
debauch1603
fly-blow1605
bebauch1607
perjurea1616
ulcer1642
dross1648
deboise1654
gangrene1658
a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 4003 (MED) God graunte knyghtes rubbe away the rust Of couetise, if it hir hertes cancre.
a1475 (a1447) O. Bokenham Mappula Angliae in Englische Studien (1887) 10 33 (MED) Þe natyff in rudnesse of my modur-tounge hathe so inflectyd [read infectyd] & cankeryd my speche & my language with þe barbarisme of þe soyle.
1613 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions I. ii. sig. H4v So are the conscience of those deceiuers, first cankered with errour, next past feeling.
1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 42 There is no art that hath bin more canker'd in her principles..then the art of policie.
1682 J. Banks Vertue Betray'd i. i. 8 The blackness of thy Soul, That canker'd first the Conscience of thy Master.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler 8 Jan. No. 85. 509 The Weakness of their Sex, and the general System of Life, exclude them [sc. women] from many Employments which by diversifying the Circumstances of Men, preserve them from being cankered by the Rust of their own Thoughts.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian iv. 125 She would have employed them in cankering the honour of an illustrious house.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxvi. 43 No lapse of moons can canker Love. View more context for this quotation
1875 E. White Life in Christ (1878) ii. xi. 119 A world smitten with a curse which cankers half its blessings.
1918 Times 17 Sept. 8/3 The General Staff now proposes to do what..it would have done if its judgment had not been completely cankered by conceit.
1963 Florence (S. Carolina) Morning News 10 Dec. 4/7 It means..that our hearts are not cankered by prejudice; and that worry is replaced with trust.
1987 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 13 Aug. 4 What they're doing in the Big Apple isn't terribly clear. But they certainly are cankering its core.
2005 Africa News (Nexis) 24 Oct. The vampire of corruption that has cankered the fabric and soul of the nation.
3. intransitive. To rust; to develop verdigris; to corrode. Also in figurative context (cf. quot. a1450 at sense 2). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > become corroded > rust
rust?c1225
cankera1460
rusty1567
cankerfret1585
oxidize1895
a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) l. 2628 (MED) The nayles are of bras wel better holde Then iron. Whi? For ruste thei wil & olde And kanker and consume, there as bras, Consumed al the ship, is as it was.
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 4239 Thow..lefftyst the rust To kankren in thy conscience.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. 180v/1 This latton basen cankeryth, for faulte of occupyeng.
1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 86v Which Axeltrees, were of fine pure golde and massiue, neuer cankering or fretting.
a1626 F. Bacon Physiol. Remains in Baconiana (1679) 108 Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding.
1759 A. Brice Grand Gazetteer 132/2 But Birmingham wares, tho good Commodities, soon rust and canker by the Evening Damps.
1824 M. Randolph Virginia House-wife 192 The pan must be made bright, and nothing permitted to cool in it, lest it should canker.
1880 F. A. Malleson Jesus Christ 237 Again, St. James..speaks of gold and silver, which are incorruptible metals, cankering and rusting.
4. transitive. To cause canker in (a plant or plant part). Also in figurative context.
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1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God iv. xxi. 182 Rubigo, is the putrified dewe, eating and cankring the young plants.
1671 R. Reed Let. 30 Jan. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 428 If yt like not ye soyle, yt will canker not only graft but ye stock whereon yt is is set.
1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Sept. 54 The great Heat of the Dung cankered the Kernels [of wheat] and occasioned the Misfortune.
1768 tr. C.-J. de Combles Treat. Culture Peach Trees 95 All that is laid close to the body is entirely lost, and may sometimes injure the tree, either by cankering the roots..or by attracting different insects.
1819 P. B. Shelley Rosalind & Helen 67 When the living stem Is cankered in its heart, the tree must fall.
1882 M. Treat Injurious Insects Farm & Garden 230 This worm works for the most part in the terminal buds of the vine, drawing the leaves together by a weak silken thread, and cankering them.
1988 Agric., Ecosystems & Environment 22–3 505 In the central and northern Great Plains of the U.S.A., Ulmus pumila L. is often cankered extensively by the fungus Botryodiplodia hypodermia.
5. intransitive. Scottish. To become ill-tempered. Also transitive: to cause to become ill-tempered. Obsolete.
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1821 W. Liddle Poems 162 Ye wad gar ony mortal canker For to hear yer mean palaver.
1866 W. Gregor Dial. Banffshire 22 Gehn ye dee that, ye'll canker 'im a' thegeether.
1867 G. W. Donald Poems 133 What needs I canker at my lot?
1873 J. Ogg Willie Waly 118 We a' hae something to canker the heart.

Compounds

canker-blossom n. Obsolete a person that destroys a blossom (figurative in context).
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Lepidoptera or butterflies and moths > [noun] > larva > that eats or destroys plants
leaf wormOE
wortworma1382
cole-worm1468
cole-wort worm1552
devil's gold ring1552
canker-blossom1600
peach-worm1814
knife-worm1860
hop-dog1872
nettle grub1890
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > division Vermes > [noun] > member of (worm) > parasitic or harmful > to plants
nut-wormc1475
oakworm1577
canker-blossom1600
redworm1705
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants
canker1440
rukel?1440
cankerworm1530
canker-blossom1600
whirl-worm1643
whirl1658
bud-worm1850
stem borer1921
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 283 You iuggler, you canker blossome, You theefe of loue. View more context for this quotation
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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