adsorptionn.

Brit.

/adˈzɔːpʃn/,

/ədˈzɔːpʃn/,

/adˈsɔːpʃn/,

/ədˈsɔːpʃn/, U.S.

/ædˈzɔrpʃ(ə)n/,

/ædˈsɔrpʃ(ə)n/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: ad- prefix, absorption n.

Etymology: < ad- prefix + -sorption (in absorption n.), after German Adsorption (1869 or earlier). Compare adsorb v.

Chemistry.

The process or phenomenon by which molecules of a gas, liquid, or solute bind to and form a film or layer on the surface of a material, typically a solid, with which they are in contact.Such surfaces may be external or (in porous materials) internal; bonding may be chemical or physical (cf. chemisorption n., physisorption n.). Contrasted with absorption (cf. sorption n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > adsorption

adsorption1871

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > fluid mechanics > [noun] > adhering to surfaces

adsorption1871

1871 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 41 373 The reason of this deviation is chiefly to be sought in the adsorption of moisture, which is condensed from the atmosphere on the surface of the mercury.

1882 Nature 8 June 139/1 ‘Adsorption’, or condensation of gases on surfaces of solids.

1904 R. A. Lehfeldt tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. 129 Charcoal shaken with an iodine solution or placed in an atmosphere of iodine vapour condenses appreciable amounts of iodine on its surface; this is known as ‘adsorption’.

1954 T. Vickerstaff Physical Chem. Dyeing (ed. 2) i. 13 It is known that the addition of electrolyte to the dyebath increases the adsorption of dye.

1990 T. G. Wreghitt & P. Morgan-Capner ELISA in Clin. Microbiol. Lab. i. 11 The adsorption of the antigen or antibody onto the solid phase may also be affected by the buffers.

2007 M. Nelson & X. D. Chen in G. Stracher Geol. Coal Fires iv. 56/1 The adsorption and desorption of water changes the number of active sites that are available for the oxidation process to occur.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as adsorption layer, adsorption phenomenon, adsorption process, adsorption site, etc.

ΚΠ

1895 G. M'Gowan tr. W. Ostwald Sci. Found. Analyt. Chem. ii. 16 Several things have to be taken into account in considering the theory of washing precipitates, the most important of these being the adsorption phenomena.

1920 C. F. Cross & E. J. Bevan Text-bk. Paper-making (ed. 5) i. 65 The lignocelluloses are adsorption compounds of lignones and cellulose.

1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. iii. 129 High-temperature heterogeneous conversion... The reaction proceeds in the adsorption layer.

1954 T. Vickerstaff Physical Chem. Dyeing (ed. 2) ix. 300 Distinguishing between the formation of a solid solution of dye in the fibre, when the equilibrium was expected to conform with Henry's law,..and an adsorption process, in which case obedience to the Freundlich equation was anticipated.

1993 New Scientist 11 Dec. 40/1 One major determining factor is the number of adsorption sites per unit of surface area.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. ii. 42 The study of colloids accelerated rapidly..and much attention was focused on the properties of interfaces, adsorption behaviour in particular.

C2.

adsorption chromatography n. Chemistry any form of chromatography in which separation depends on differences between the components of the mobile phase in their affinity for adsorption on the surface of the stationary (solid) phase.

ΚΠ

1943 Biochem. Jrnl. 37 79/1 (note) We employ the term ‘partition chromatography’..to distinguish it from the classical adsorption chromatography.

1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 171 It was by ester distillation combined with adsorption chromatography that the presence of both odd-numbered and branched-chain fatty acids was first confirmed in a fish lipid.

2003 W. L. F. Armarego & C. L. L. Chai Purification Lab. Chemicals (ed. 5) i. 19 Materials used in columns for adsorption chromatography are grouped in Table 12 in an approximate order of effectiveness.

adsorption isotherm n. a curve showing the relationship, at a constant temperature, between the proportion of a surface covered by an adsorbed substance and the concentration of the substance (or pressure, if a gas) in the fluid phase.Langmuir adsorption isotherm: see Langmuir n.

ΚΠ

1907 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 92 ii. 156 The adsorption isotherm [Ger. die Adsorptionisotherme] does not apply to aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes, or to solutions of substances which yield hydroxyl ions.

1959 K. R. Atkins Liquid Helium vii. 211 The basic experiment on unsaturated films is the plotting of an adsorption isotherm, showing how the mass of gas held on a surface varies with the relative pressure p/p₀ at constant temperature.

2004 Biogeochem. 71 294 Adsorption studies..have indicated that the saturation or the plateau of an adsorption isotherm for acid phosphatase on the pure montmorillonite occurs at 630 mg g^-1.

Derivatives

adˈsorptional adj. of or relating to adsorption.

ΚΠ

1921 Jrnl. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therapeutics 17 3 In order to accept in a special case the presence of an adsorptional phenomenon, it is not sufficient to have demonstrated that the curve has the course given in figure 2.

1928 W. A. Caspari Struct. & Prop. Matter ii. 35 Adsorptional effects are by no means limited to the liquid state.

2000 A. S. Sirotkin et al. in D. L. Wise et al. Bioremediation Contaminated Soils‎ iv. 53 The recovery of the adsorptional capacity of carbon was minor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adsorption
释义	adsorptionn. Brit. /adˈzɔːpʃn/, /ədˈzɔːpʃn/, /adˈsɔːpʃn/, /ədˈsɔːpʃn/, U.S. /ædˈzɔrpʃ(ə)n/, /ædˈsɔrpʃ(ə)n/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: ad- prefix, absorption n. Etymology: < ad- prefix + -sorption (in absorption n.), after German Adsorption (1869 or earlier). Compare adsorb v. Chemistry. The process or phenomenon by which molecules of a gas, liquid, or solute bind to and form a film or layer on the surface of a material, typically a solid, with which they are in contact.Such surfaces may be external or (in porous materials) internal; bonding may be chemical or physical (cf. chemisorption n., physisorption n.). Contrasted with absorption (cf. sorption n.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > adsorption adsorption1871 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > fluid mechanics > [noun] > adhering to surfaces adsorption1871 1871 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 41 373 The reason of this deviation is chiefly to be sought in the adsorption of moisture, which is condensed from the atmosphere on the surface of the mercury. 1882 Nature 8 June 139/1 ‘Adsorption’, or condensation of gases on surfaces of solids. 1904 R. A. Lehfeldt tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. 129 Charcoal shaken with an iodine solution or placed in an atmosphere of iodine vapour condenses appreciable amounts of iodine on its surface; this is known as ‘adsorption’. 1954 T. Vickerstaff Physical Chem. Dyeing (ed. 2) i. 13 It is known that the addition of electrolyte to the dyebath increases the adsorption of dye. 1990 T. G. Wreghitt & P. Morgan-Capner ELISA in Clin. Microbiol. Lab. i. 11 The adsorption of the antigen or antibody onto the solid phase may also be affected by the buffers. 2007 M. Nelson & X. D. Chen in G. Stracher Geol. Coal Fires iv. 56/1 The adsorption and desorption of water changes the number of active sites that are available for the oxidation process to occur. Compounds C1. General attributive, as adsorption layer, adsorption phenomenon, adsorption process, adsorption site, etc. ΚΠ 1895 G. M'Gowan tr. W. Ostwald Sci. Found. Analyt. Chem. ii. 16 Several things have to be taken into account in considering the theory of washing precipitates, the most important of these being the adsorption phenomena. 1920 C. F. Cross & E. J. Bevan Text-bk. Paper-making (ed. 5) i. 65 The lignocelluloses are adsorption compounds of lignones and cellulose. 1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. iii. 129 High-temperature heterogeneous conversion... The reaction proceeds in the adsorption layer. 1954 T. Vickerstaff Physical Chem. Dyeing (ed. 2) ix. 300 Distinguishing between the formation of a solid solution of dye in the fibre, when the equilibrium was expected to conform with Henry's law,..and an adsorption process, in which case obedience to the Freundlich equation was anticipated. 1993 New Scientist 11 Dec. 40/1 One major determining factor is the number of adsorption sites per unit of surface area. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. ii. 42 The study of colloids accelerated rapidly..and much attention was focused on the properties of interfaces, adsorption behaviour in particular. C2. adsorption chromatography n. Chemistry any form of chromatography in which separation depends on differences between the components of the mobile phase in their affinity for adsorption on the surface of the stationary (solid) phase. ΚΠ 1943 Biochem. Jrnl. 37 79/1 (note) We employ the term ‘partition chromatography’..to distinguish it from the classical adsorption chromatography. 1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 171 It was by ester distillation combined with adsorption chromatography that the presence of both odd-numbered and branched-chain fatty acids was first confirmed in a fish lipid. 2003 W. L. F. Armarego & C. L. L. Chai Purification Lab. Chemicals (ed. 5) i. 19 Materials used in columns for adsorption chromatography are grouped in Table 12 in an approximate order of effectiveness. adsorption isotherm n. a curve showing the relationship, at a constant temperature, between the proportion of a surface covered by an adsorbed substance and the concentration of the substance (or pressure, if a gas) in the fluid phase.Langmuir adsorption isotherm: see Langmuir n. ΚΠ 1907 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 92 ii. 156 The adsorption isotherm [Ger. die Adsorptionisotherme] does not apply to aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes, or to solutions of substances which yield hydroxyl ions. 1959 K. R. Atkins Liquid Helium vii. 211 The basic experiment on unsaturated films is the plotting of an adsorption isotherm, showing how the mass of gas held on a surface varies with the relative pressure p/p₀ at constant temperature. 2004 Biogeochem. 71 294 Adsorption studies..have indicated that the saturation or the plateau of an adsorption isotherm for acid phosphatase on the pure montmorillonite occurs at 630 mg g^-1. Derivatives adˈsorptional adj. of or relating to adsorption. ΚΠ 1921 Jrnl. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therapeutics 17 3 In order to accept in a special case the presence of an adsorptional phenomenon, it is not sufficient to have demonstrated that the curve has the course given in figure 2. 1928 W. A. Caspari Struct. & Prop. Matter ii. 35 Adsorptional effects are by no means limited to the liquid state. 2000 A. S. Sirotkin et al. in D. L. Wise et al. Bioremediation Contaminated Soils‎ iv. 53 The recovery of the adsorptional capacity of carbon was minor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1871
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