afferentadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈaf(ə)rənt/,

/ˈaf(ə)rn̩t/, U.S.

/ˈæf(ə)rənt/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French afférent.

Etymology: < French afférent (adjective) that brings inwards or towards (1801 or earlier in an anatomical context, designating vessels), (noun) afferent vessel (1801 or earlier) < classical Latin afferent- , afferēns , present participle of afferre to bring to < af- , variant of ad- (see af- prefix) + ferre to bear (see bear v.¹). Compare later efferent adj., efferent n.

Anatomy and Physiology.

A. adj.

Of a blood or lymphatic vessel: carrying blood or lymph towards an organ, structure, or part of the body; (of a nerve) carrying impulses towards the brain or spinal cord. Also: of or relating to such vessels or nerves; moving or flowing in such a direction. Cf. deferent adj.¹, efferent adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific

rightOE

lefta1200

lowera1400

furtherc1400

lateral?a1425

sinistera1500

upper1528

anterior?1541

inferior1563

superior1566

oblique1578

high1588

ascendant1611

prone1646

peripherial1653

internal1657

supine1661

peripherical1690

gawk1703

ascending1713

adducent1722

submental1722

adductory1752

subdorsal1783

syntropic18..

atlantal1803

mesiad1803

mesial1803

proximal1803

sternal1803

distal1808

peripheral1808

peripheric1818

ventripetal1819

submedial1825

anteriormostc1826

subvertebral1827

afferent1828

sinistral1828

rostral1834

interganglionic1835

submedian1836

mesian1837

haemal1839

supravaginal1844

neural1846

symmetrical1851

suprameatal1853

paraxial1861

posterial1866

hypaxial1873

postaxial1873

preaxial1873

transmedial1876

transmedian1876

mediad1878

horizontal1881

mesal1881

prosomatic1882

dextrad1883

paramedian1890

prorsal1890

ventro-dorsal1895

midsagittal1898

ventro-axial1902

ventro-posterior1903

ipsilateral1907

parasagittal1907

ventromedial1908

homolateral1910

suprasellar1912

supratemporal1975

1828 N. Amer. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 5 194 The quotations referred to, do not determine either the nature of these lymphatics, their qualities as deferent or afferent, their constant occurrence, [etc.].

1829 H. Storer tr. A. L. J. Bayle & H. Hollard Man. Gen. Anat. ii. 40 In fact, in the general system, the afferent vessels [Fr. les afférens] carry the red, and the efferent the black, blood.

1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 646/2 The former are called efferent, the latter afferent fibres.

1878 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. v. 471 The central mechanism..being thrown into activity through a summation of the afferent impulses reaching it.

1913 Brit. Jrnl. Tuberculosis 7 166 These bacilli find their way through the distended afferent lymphatics and so invade pulmonary tissue.

1961 W. R. Russell & M. L. E. Espir Traumatic Aphasia iii. 21 This territory is a meeting-ground for cerebral mechanisms connected with the elaboration of the auditory and visual afferent systems.

1981 R. N. Hardy Endocrine Physiol. ix. 136 The juxtaglomerular cells are modified smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of the afferent arteriole.

2003 Jrnl. Clin. Neurosci. 10 15/2 Reflex action occurred when incoming afferent activity which reached the striatum was ‘reflected’ back along the descending motor pathways.

B. n.

An afferent vessel or nerve.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > [noun] > vessel > specific

afferent1828

the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > types of nerves > [noun]

sensitive?a1425

motivec1475

life stringc1522

recurrent1615

life corda1631

abducent1681

cord1774

chord1783

motor1824

afferent1828

excitor1836

nerve trunk1850

mixed nerve1861

inhibitory nerve1870

nervelet1875

vaso-motor1887

pilomotor1892

lemniscus1913

1828 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. 5 354 That vein and its afferents were the only vessels that did not participate in the general plethora.

1866 Lancet 16 June 653/2 Of afferents there are, in the first place, at least two sets of special sense-fibres (those of taste and touch).

1927 W. Keiller Nerve Tracts Brain & Cord iii. 315 Afferents to the vermis also come from the optic and auditory nerves.

1951 Jrnl. Physiol. 113 450 The carotid sinus nerve is a mixed afferent nerve containing afferents from the baroreceptors of the carotid sinus.

2011 P. Mason Med. Neurobiol. iii. 42 Primary sensory afferents enter the spinal cord from the dorsal side and terminate in the dorsal part of the spinal gray matter.

Derivatives

ˈafferently adv. in an afferent direction; in a manner involving afferent vessels or nerves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > types of nerves > [adverb]

afferently1877

vaso-motorially1901

plurisegmentally1925

preganglionically1936

postganglionically1947

the world > life > the body > vascular system > [adverb]

vascularly1890

intravascularly1906

afferently1955

1877 Med. Times & Gaz. 3 Nov. 488/2 A nerve-fibre will conduct in either sense, afferently or efferently.

1955 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 90 706/2 The metastatic cancers have a more intimate relation with the portal venous system through which the tumor emboli are afferently transported.

1969 J. S. Bruner in D. Elkind & J. H. Flavell Stud. Cognitive Devel. 224 The play of attention alters in time from being afferently dominated to being efferently relevant.

2001 A. Glucklich Sacred Pain ii. 58 When the organism is bombarded with incoming signals moving afferently (from periphery to center), the neurosignature begins to underfire its characteristic output signals.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	afferent
释义	afferentadj.n. Brit. /ˈaf(ə)rənt/, /ˈaf(ə)rn̩t/, U.S. /ˈæf(ə)rənt/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French afférent. Etymology: < French afférent (adjective) that brings inwards or towards (1801 or earlier in an anatomical context, designating vessels), (noun) afferent vessel (1801 or earlier) < classical Latin afferent- , afferēns , present participle of afferre to bring to < af- , variant of ad- (see af- prefix) + ferre to bear (see bear v.¹). Compare later efferent adj., efferent n. Anatomy and Physiology. A. adj. Of a blood or lymphatic vessel: carrying blood or lymph towards an organ, structure, or part of the body; (of a nerve) carrying impulses towards the brain or spinal cord. Also: of or relating to such vessels or nerves; moving or flowing in such a direction. Cf. deferent adj.¹, efferent adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific rightOE lefta1200 lowera1400 furtherc1400 lateral?a1425 sinistera1500 upper1528 anterior?1541 inferior1563 superior1566 oblique1578 high1588 ascendant1611 prone1646 peripherial1653 internal1657 supine1661 peripherical1690 gawk1703 ascending1713 adducent1722 submental1722 adductory1752 subdorsal1783 syntropic18.. atlantal1803 mesiad1803 mesial1803 proximal1803 sternal1803 distal1808 peripheral1808 peripheric1818 ventripetal1819 submedial1825 anteriormostc1826 subvertebral1827 afferent1828 sinistral1828 rostral1834 interganglionic1835 submedian1836 mesian1837 haemal1839 supravaginal1844 neural1846 symmetrical1851 suprameatal1853 paraxial1861 posterial1866 hypaxial1873 postaxial1873 preaxial1873 transmedial1876 transmedian1876 mediad1878 horizontal1881 mesal1881 prosomatic1882 dextrad1883 paramedian1890 prorsal1890 ventro-dorsal1895 midsagittal1898 ventro-axial1902 ventro-posterior1903 ipsilateral1907 parasagittal1907 ventromedial1908 homolateral1910 suprasellar1912 supratemporal1975 1828 N. Amer. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 5 194 The quotations referred to, do not determine either the nature of these lymphatics, their qualities as deferent or afferent, their constant occurrence, [etc.]. 1829 H. Storer tr. A. L. J. Bayle & H. Hollard Man. Gen. Anat. ii. 40 In fact, in the general system, the afferent vessels [Fr. les afférens] carry the red, and the efferent the black, blood. 1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 646/2 The former are called efferent, the latter afferent fibres. 1878 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. v. 471 The central mechanism..being thrown into activity through a summation of the afferent impulses reaching it. 1913 Brit. Jrnl. Tuberculosis 7 166 These bacilli find their way through the distended afferent lymphatics and so invade pulmonary tissue. 1961 W. R. Russell & M. L. E. Espir Traumatic Aphasia iii. 21 This territory is a meeting-ground for cerebral mechanisms connected with the elaboration of the auditory and visual afferent systems. 1981 R. N. Hardy Endocrine Physiol. ix. 136 The juxtaglomerular cells are modified smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of the afferent arteriole. 2003 Jrnl. Clin. Neurosci. 10 15/2 Reflex action occurred when incoming afferent activity which reached the striatum was ‘reflected’ back along the descending motor pathways. B. n. An afferent vessel or nerve. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > [noun] > vessel > specific afferent1828 the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > types of nerves > [noun] sensitive?a1425 motivec1475 life stringc1522 recurrent1615 life corda1631 abducent1681 cord1774 chord1783 motor1824 afferent1828 excitor1836 nerve trunk1850 mixed nerve1861 inhibitory nerve1870 nervelet1875 vaso-motor1887 pilomotor1892 lemniscus1913 1828 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. 5 354 That vein and its afferents were the only vessels that did not participate in the general plethora. 1866 Lancet 16 June 653/2 Of afferents there are, in the first place, at least two sets of special sense-fibres (those of taste and touch). 1927 W. Keiller Nerve Tracts Brain & Cord iii. 315 Afferents to the vermis also come from the optic and auditory nerves. 1951 Jrnl. Physiol. 113 450 The carotid sinus nerve is a mixed afferent nerve containing afferents from the baroreceptors of the carotid sinus. 2011 P. Mason Med. Neurobiol. iii. 42 Primary sensory afferents enter the spinal cord from the dorsal side and terminate in the dorsal part of the spinal gray matter. Derivatives ˈafferently adv. in an afferent direction; in a manner involving afferent vessels or nerves. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > types of nerves > [adverb] afferently1877 vaso-motorially1901 plurisegmentally1925 preganglionically1936 postganglionically1947 the world > life > the body > vascular system > [adverb] vascularly1890 intravascularly1906 afferently1955 1877 Med. Times & Gaz. 3 Nov. 488/2 A nerve-fibre will conduct in either sense, afferently or efferently. 1955 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 90 706/2 The metastatic cancers have a more intimate relation with the portal venous system through which the tumor emboli are afferently transported. 1969 J. S. Bruner in D. Elkind & J. H. Flavell Stud. Cognitive Devel. 224 The play of attention alters in time from being afferently dominated to being efferently relevant. 2001 A. Glucklich Sacred Pain ii. 58 When the organism is bombarded with incoming signals moving afferently (from periphery to center), the neurosignature begins to underfire its characteristic output signals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1828
随便看	frumpery frumpier full moon full moon festival full name full nelson full of bone full of bread full of children full of days full of face full of foal, calf, etc full of food full of grace full of honour full of it full of laugh full of life full of oneself full of rest full of the moon full of wind and piss like a barber's cat full of wind and water like a barber's cat full of wind like a barber's cat full of years