affirmancen.

Brit.

/əˈfəːməns/, U.S.

/əˈfərməns/

Forms: Middle English affermance, Middle English affirmans, Middle English affirmaunce, 1500s affermaunce, 1500s– affirmance.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French affirmance.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman affermaunce, affirmaunce, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affermance, affirmance action or act of affirming, assertion (c1190 in Old French), confirmation, corroboration (last third of the 13th cent. or earlier), (of a law, verdict, etc.) ratification, confirmation (a1505 or earlier) < affermer , affirmer affirm v. + -ance -ance suffix.

Now chiefly U.S.

1. The action or an act of affirming; a statement; an assertion, a strong declaration. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > assertion of positive as opposed to negative

affirmance1399

affirmingc1425

affirmationa1513

1399 Rolls of Parl.: Henry IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1399 Pleas §10. m. 2 The temporelle lordes..ajuggene and awardene, that if this same lordes appelantz..helpe ore comfort, agayns that deposicioun, or juggementz, ordinances, or affermances in this parlement touchant the persone of the same Richard, that thei be in peyne of tresoun.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxvi. f. x Here nowe endyth y^e lyne or ofspryng of Bryute after y^e affermaunce of moste wryters.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 259/1 One named Ioannes de temporibus: which by the affirmance of most of our olde histories, liued .361. yeares.

1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion ii. Illustr. 34 Of whom Bale dares offer affirmance, that..hee first taught the Britons to make Beere.

1612 T. James Jesuits Downefall 5 An affirmance so far from truth, as to doubt..whether there be a Sunne in the Firmament, or no.

1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 215 They swear it, 'till affirmance breeds a doubt.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. vii. 181 His lightest affirmance would weigh down the most solemn protestations of the distressed Jewess.

1877 Wallace's Monthly May 347/1 This volume, in short, supplies cumulative evidence of his affirmance that ‘Nature tells us in the most emphatic manner how strongly she abhors self-fertilization.’

1934 128th Ann. Rep. New Eng. Soc. in N.Y. 36 Lincoln's speech at Gettysburg with its superb affirmance that government by, for and of the people should not perish from the earth.

a. Confirmation, corroboration; an instance of this. Frequently in in affirmance (of something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > strengthening or confirmation of immaterial things > [noun]

strenghinga1400

strengthc1400

affirmance1442

roboration1473

confirmation1520

corroboration1529

fortification1530

strengthening1535

hardening1544

establishment1561

re-enforcement1577

comforting1605

reinforcement1605

consolidation1611

establishing1846

undergirding1868

entrenchment1877

entrenching1950

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > [noun] > confirmation, corroboration

confirming1297

strengthc1400

affirmance1442

vidimus1513

corroborating1530

fortification1530

warranty1561

astipulation1618

support1629

corroboration1765

circumstantiation1841

the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > [noun] > a confirming

affirmance1442

1442 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1442 §27. m. 5 Wherupon in affirmaunce of the seid good ordenaunce..the mair and aldermen of the citee of London..ordeyned and stablished, that fro thens forthe non alien straunger shold be brocour within the seide citee.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xiv. sig. Xiii^v To the affirmaunce thereof they adde to othes.

1609 T. Bell Christian Dial. 125 Your affirmance of the quadruple distinction is evident.

1659 Godfrey in T. Burton Diary (1828) III. 541 Rather an affirmance than an exclusion of the old peerage.

1713 W. Fleetwood in Life St. Wenefrede 41 And in Affirmance of my Opinion, I have transcribed an old British Calendarium out of the Cotton-Library above 500 Years old.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) I. ii. i. 346 Which come merely in affirmance of opinions already formed.

1824 H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots 295 An affirmance or corroboration of all that has been added by his predecessors against Mary.

1841 S. T. Mason To People of Mich. 7 As to the advance being made in May, I will only say, that this is a direct affirmance of my own statement.

1912 Southeastern Reporter 74 939/1 Little need be said in affirmance of this proposition.

1970 E. Warren in Rep. on Services to People United States (NAACP Legal Defense & Educ. Fund) 62/1 I say these things to you..as an affirmance of my faith in the rightness of what you are doing.

1987 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 7 Mar. i. 7/5 Denial of that belief will result in the affirmance of a contrary belief.

b. Law. Ratification or confirmation of a law, etc.; the upholding of a legal decision; spec. an appellate court's confirmation of the judgment or order of a lower court. Chiefly with of.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [noun] > validity or legal force > validation or ratification

confirming1297

confirmment1297

confirmation1382

corroborating1530

corroboration1549

confirmance1588

vesting1611

affirmance1642

affirmation1645

validatinga1648

homologation1656

validation1656

sanction1658

1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. v. §376. 163 That statute is but an affirmance of y^e common law in that point.

1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 19 The Countess's Jury brought in another and a raging verdict..in affirmance of the private verdict they had given.

1715 Jrnl. House of Lords 2 June 65 Complaining of an Interlocutor, or Sentence,of the Lords of Council and Session in Scotland, dated the 13th of February then last past, and the Affirmance thereof on the 9th of June 1714.

a1754 J. Strange Rep. Cases (1755) 1 384 The defendants in error were afraid to take any costs, whereupon the judgment of affirmance was entered up in common form.

1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 112 The affirmance or reversal of the decree appealed from.

1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. I. xxxiii. 505 A majority of the Supreme court seems to have placed upon this ground..its affirmance of that competence of Congress to declare paper money a legal tender for debts.

1934 Pacific Reporter 2nd Ser. 25 264/2 Upon polling the jury it was necessary for each of two of its members to repeat his affirmance of the verdict.

1963 D. Karlen Appellate Courts in U.S. & Eng. x. 149 The brief..cites and discusses the authorities claimed to justify reversal or affirmance.

1993 New Republic 2 Aug. 31/1 She insisted that the case was controlled by the Supreme Court's summary affirmance of an obscure district court opinion.

2004 S. R. Finz Finz Multistate Method 794 The affirmance of her murder conviction established that the trial court was correct in refusing to charge on voluntary manslaughter where the defendant lacked the intent to kill.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	affirmance
释义	affirmancen. Brit. /əˈfəːməns/, U.S. /əˈfərməns/ Forms: Middle English affermance, Middle English affirmans, Middle English affirmaunce, 1500s affermaunce, 1500s– affirmance. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French affirmance. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman affermaunce, affirmaunce, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affermance, affirmance action or act of affirming, assertion (c1190 in Old French), confirmation, corroboration (last third of the 13th cent. or earlier), (of a law, verdict, etc.) ratification, confirmation (a1505 or earlier) < affermer , affirmer affirm v. + -ance -ance suffix. Now chiefly U.S. 1. The action or an act of affirming; a statement; an assertion, a strong declaration. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > assertion of positive as opposed to negative affirmance1399 affirmingc1425 affirmationa1513 1399 Rolls of Parl.: Henry IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1399 Pleas §10. m. 2 The temporelle lordes..ajuggene and awardene, that if this same lordes appelantz..helpe ore comfort, agayns that deposicioun, or juggementz, ordinances, or affermances in this parlement touchant the persone of the same Richard, that thei be in peyne of tresoun. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxvi. f. x Here nowe endyth y^e lyne or ofspryng of Bryute after y^e affermaunce of moste wryters. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 259/1 One named Ioannes de temporibus: which by the affirmance of most of our olde histories, liued .361. yeares. 1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion ii. Illustr. 34 Of whom Bale dares offer affirmance, that..hee first taught the Britons to make Beere. 1612 T. James Jesuits Downefall 5 An affirmance so far from truth, as to doubt..whether there be a Sunne in the Firmament, or no. 1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 215 They swear it, 'till affirmance breeds a doubt. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. vii. 181 His lightest affirmance would weigh down the most solemn protestations of the distressed Jewess. 1877 Wallace's Monthly May 347/1 This volume, in short, supplies cumulative evidence of his affirmance that ‘Nature tells us in the most emphatic manner how strongly she abhors self-fertilization.’ 1934 128th Ann. Rep. New Eng. Soc. in N.Y. 36 Lincoln's speech at Gettysburg with its superb affirmance that government by, for and of the people should not perish from the earth. 2. a. Confirmation, corroboration; an instance of this. Frequently in in affirmance (of something). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > strengthening or confirmation of immaterial things > [noun] strenghinga1400 strengthc1400 affirmance1442 roboration1473 confirmation1520 corroboration1529 fortification1530 strengthening1535 hardening1544 establishment1561 re-enforcement1577 comforting1605 reinforcement1605 consolidation1611 establishing1846 undergirding1868 entrenchment1877 entrenching1950 the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > [noun] > confirmation, corroboration confirming1297 strengthc1400 affirmance1442 vidimus1513 corroborating1530 fortification1530 warranty1561 astipulation1618 support1629 corroboration1765 circumstantiation1841 the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > [noun] > a confirming affirmance1442 1442 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1442 §27. m. 5 Wherupon in affirmaunce of the seid good ordenaunce..the mair and aldermen of the citee of London..ordeyned and stablished, that fro thens forthe non alien straunger shold be brocour within the seide citee. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xiv. sig. Xiii^v To the affirmaunce thereof they adde to othes. 1609 T. Bell Christian Dial. 125 Your affirmance of the quadruple distinction is evident. 1659 Godfrey in T. Burton Diary (1828) III. 541 Rather an affirmance than an exclusion of the old peerage. 1713 W. Fleetwood in Life St. Wenefrede 41 And in Affirmance of my Opinion, I have transcribed an old British Calendarium out of the Cotton-Library above 500 Years old. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) I. ii. i. 346 Which come merely in affirmance of opinions already formed. 1824 H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots 295 An affirmance or corroboration of all that has been added by his predecessors against Mary. 1841 S. T. Mason To People of Mich. 7 As to the advance being made in May, I will only say, that this is a direct affirmance of my own statement. 1912 Southeastern Reporter 74 939/1 Little need be said in affirmance of this proposition. 1970 E. Warren in Rep. on Services to People United States (NAACP Legal Defense & Educ. Fund) 62/1 I say these things to you..as an affirmance of my faith in the rightness of what you are doing. 1987 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 7 Mar. i. 7/5 Denial of that belief will result in the affirmance of a contrary belief. b. Law. Ratification or confirmation of a law, etc.; the upholding of a legal decision; spec. an appellate court's confirmation of the judgment or order of a lower court. Chiefly with of. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [noun] > validity or legal force > validation or ratification confirming1297 confirmment1297 confirmation1382 corroborating1530 corroboration1549 confirmance1588 vesting1611 affirmance1642 affirmation1645 validatinga1648 homologation1656 validation1656 sanction1658 1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. v. §376. 163 That statute is but an affirmance of y^e common law in that point. 1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 19 The Countess's Jury brought in another and a raging verdict..in affirmance of the private verdict they had given. 1715 Jrnl. House of Lords 2 June 65 Complaining of an Interlocutor, or Sentence,of the Lords of Council and Session in Scotland, dated the 13th of February then last past, and the Affirmance thereof on the 9th of June 1714. a1754 J. Strange Rep. Cases (1755) 1 384 The defendants in error were afraid to take any costs, whereupon the judgment of affirmance was entered up in common form. 1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 112 The affirmance or reversal of the decree appealed from. 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. I. xxxiii. 505 A majority of the Supreme court seems to have placed upon this ground..its affirmance of that competence of Congress to declare paper money a legal tender for debts. 1934 Pacific Reporter 2nd Ser. 25 264/2 Upon polling the jury it was necessary for each of two of its members to repeat his affirmance of the verdict. 1963 D. Karlen Appellate Courts in U.S. & Eng. x. 149 The brief..cites and discusses the authorities claimed to justify reversal or affirmance. 1993 New Republic 2 Aug. 31/1 She insisted that the case was controlled by the Supreme Court's summary affirmance of an obscure district court opinion. 2004 S. R. Finz Finz Multistate Method 794 The affirmance of her murder conviction established that the trial court was correct in refusing to charge on voluntary manslaughter where the defendant lacked the intent to kill. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1399
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