canalizationn.

Brit.

/ˌkanəlʌɪˈzeɪʃn/,

/ˌkanl̩ʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌkænələˈzeɪʃən/,

/ˌkænəˌlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Forms: 1800s– canalisation, 1800s– canalization.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French canalisation.

Etymology: < French canalisation action or process of constructing a canal or canals (1823), formation of a canal or canals in a living organism (apparently 1840 or earlier; compare quot. 1840 at sense 2) < canaliser canalize v. + -ation -ation suffix. Compare later canalize v.In the specific use in biology (see sense 4) after canalize v. 4; compare canalized adj. 2.

a. The action, process, or result of constructing a canal or canals; = canalling n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > canal > constructing canals

canalling1772

canalization1825

canalage1854

1825 tr. C. Dupin Commerc. Power Great Brit. II. v. vi. 334 Bristol is..connected..with the manufacturing towns of Birmingham, Manchester, &c., by the admirable system of canalization [Fr. canalisation].

1858 Times 26 Nov. 7/3 The canalization of the Isthmus [of Suez]..may well cause hesitation.

1880 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 13 4 The canalisation of the rapids.

1933 Amer. Mercury May 81/1 At all events, Congress decided to develop a nine-foot channel by means of canalization.

1972 Mariner's Mirror 58 254 The original inhabitant of these rivers, before canalization, was some kind of flat-bottomed vessel like the Dory or the Dutch Hoogarts.

2001 Oxoniensia 65 3 Growing evidence for early medieval canalization along the Thames..could certainly be investigated further through fieldwork and excavation.

†b. In extended use. The provision of underground ducts or channels for conveying cables, electric current, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [noun] > installation of ducting

canalization1882

1882 J. Dredge Electr. Illumination I. 20 Recording the flow of an electric current, and forming a part of the whole system of canalisation and distribution from central stations to various users.

1889 Daily News 7 Oct. 3/1 This is what Mr. Crompton, borrowing a French expression, calls his system of under-surface ‘canalization’.

1919 Comm. Rep. (U.S. Bureau Foreign & Domestic Commerce) 18 Mar. 1316 A detailed plan of the city..indicating..underground canalization [for telephone lines], central and branch exchanges, [etc.].

2. Anatomy and Pathology. The formation of a canal or canals (see canal n. 2a) in an organ, tissue, etc.; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > tube or canal

conduit1340

pipec1385

channela1387

porea1398

canal?a1425

cannel?1553

strait1558

canaliculus1661

tube1661

duct1667

tubule1677

ductus1699

funnel1712

cannule1719

infundibulum1799

meatus1800

tubulet1826

tubulus1826

canalicule1839

canalization1840

ductule1883

1840 Western Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 73 Canalization, under which he treats of all the alterations of canals—as of the digestive tube, the excretory ducts, the vascular system, &c, &.c.

1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 203 Canalisation of the embolus..leading to the permeability of the obstructed part.

1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Canalisation, the conversion of a vessel, especially a vein, into a rigid tube. Also, the boring through a structure, as of the prostate gland.

1914 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 19 138 Are these channels..canalizations of a thrombus?

1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) iv. 67 In this way, by canalisation, the circulation may become more or less re-established.

1999 W. H. Hindle Breast Care iii. 28 Canalization of the central lactiferous ducts occurs near term birth.

2011 A. Glasier & A. Gebbie in P. F. A. Van Look et al. Sexual & Reprod. Health ii. 86/2 Late canalization of the vas deferens can occasionally occur many years following vasectomy but is rare.

3. figurative and in figurative context. The action or process of directing, confining, or regulating something, like water in a canal.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > [noun] > regulation > direction in order to

canalization1929

1929 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 387/1 He [sc. William James] went on to say that the ‘canalization of pity was an engineering feat’.

1950 Brit. Birds 43 344 On the West Coast a ‘canalisation’ of Gannets from various stations.

1994 J. Cohen & I. Stewart Collapse of Chaos xi. 360 This is intellectual canalization.

2014 Weekly Mirror (Nexis) 28 Nov. Media do their best to follow this canalization of politics.

4. Biology. The tendency of a population to produce a relatively consistent phenotype in spite of genetic or environmental variations; relative insensitivity to genetic or environmental variations.

ΚΠ

1942 C. H. Waddington in Nature 14 Nov. 565/1 The canalization of an environmentally induced character is accounted for if it is an advantage for the adult animal to have some optimum degree of development of the character.

1963 E. Mayr Animal Species, & Evol. x. 218 A well-knit system of canalization tends to narrow down the evolutionary potential quite severely.

1989 Jrnl. Paleontol. 63 193/1 These patterns indicate a higher degree of canalization of development in populations from more constant and predictable environments.

2005 A. A. Hoffmann & J. A. McKenzie in B. Hallgrímsson & B. K. Hall Variation ix. 168 Selection for genetic canalization will be much weaker than for environmental canalization because only rarely will genetic variants be expressed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	canalization
释义	canalizationn. Brit. /ˌkanəlʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, /ˌkanl̩ʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌkænələˈzeɪʃən/, /ˌkænəˌlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ Forms: 1800s– canalisation, 1800s– canalization. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French canalisation. Etymology: < French canalisation action or process of constructing a canal or canals (1823), formation of a canal or canals in a living organism (apparently 1840 or earlier; compare quot. 1840 at sense 2) < canaliser canalize v. + -ation -ation suffix. Compare later canalize v.In the specific use in biology (see sense 4) after canalize v. 4; compare canalized adj. 2. 1. a. The action, process, or result of constructing a canal or canals; = canalling n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > canal > constructing canals canalling1772 canalization1825 canalage1854 1825 tr. C. Dupin Commerc. Power Great Brit. II. v. vi. 334 Bristol is..connected..with the manufacturing towns of Birmingham, Manchester, &c., by the admirable system of canalization [Fr. canalisation]. 1858 Times 26 Nov. 7/3 The canalization of the Isthmus [of Suez]..may well cause hesitation. 1880 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 13 4 The canalisation of the rapids. 1933 Amer. Mercury May 81/1 At all events, Congress decided to develop a nine-foot channel by means of canalization. 1972 Mariner's Mirror 58 254 The original inhabitant of these rivers, before canalization, was some kind of flat-bottomed vessel like the Dory or the Dutch Hoogarts. 2001 Oxoniensia 65 3 Growing evidence for early medieval canalization along the Thames..could certainly be investigated further through fieldwork and excavation. †b. In extended use. The provision of underground ducts or channels for conveying cables, electric current, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [noun] > installation of ducting canalization1882 1882 J. Dredge Electr. Illumination I. 20 Recording the flow of an electric current, and forming a part of the whole system of canalisation and distribution from central stations to various users. 1889 Daily News 7 Oct. 3/1 This is what Mr. Crompton, borrowing a French expression, calls his system of under-surface ‘canalization’. 1919 Comm. Rep. (U.S. Bureau Foreign & Domestic Commerce) 18 Mar. 1316 A detailed plan of the city..indicating..underground canalization [for telephone lines], central and branch exchanges, [etc.]. 2. Anatomy and Pathology. The formation of a canal or canals (see canal n. 2a) in an organ, tissue, etc.; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > tube or canal conduit1340 pipec1385 channela1387 porea1398 canal?a1425 cannel?1553 strait1558 canaliculus1661 tube1661 duct1667 tubule1677 ductus1699 funnel1712 cannule1719 infundibulum1799 meatus1800 tubulet1826 tubulus1826 canalicule1839 canalization1840 ductule1883 1840 Western Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 73 Canalization, under which he treats of all the alterations of canals—as of the digestive tube, the excretory ducts, the vascular system, &c, &.c. 1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 203 Canalisation of the embolus..leading to the permeability of the obstructed part. 1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Canalisation, the conversion of a vessel, especially a vein, into a rigid tube. Also, the boring through a structure, as of the prostate gland. 1914 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 19 138 Are these channels..canalizations of a thrombus? 1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) iv. 67 In this way, by canalisation, the circulation may become more or less re-established. 1999 W. H. Hindle Breast Care iii. 28 Canalization of the central lactiferous ducts occurs near term birth. 2011 A. Glasier & A. Gebbie in P. F. A. Van Look et al. Sexual & Reprod. Health ii. 86/2 Late canalization of the vas deferens can occasionally occur many years following vasectomy but is rare. 3. figurative and in figurative context. The action or process of directing, confining, or regulating something, like water in a canal. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [noun] > regulation > direction in order to canalization1929 1929 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 387/1 He [sc. William James] went on to say that the ‘canalization of pity was an engineering feat’. 1950 Brit. Birds 43 344 On the West Coast a ‘canalisation’ of Gannets from various stations. 1994 J. Cohen & I. Stewart Collapse of Chaos xi. 360 This is intellectual canalization. 2014 Weekly Mirror (Nexis) 28 Nov. Media do their best to follow this canalization of politics. 4. Biology. The tendency of a population to produce a relatively consistent phenotype in spite of genetic or environmental variations; relative insensitivity to genetic or environmental variations. ΚΠ 1942 C. H. Waddington in Nature 14 Nov. 565/1 The canalization of an environmentally induced character is accounted for if it is an advantage for the adult animal to have some optimum degree of development of the character. 1963 E. Mayr Animal Species, & Evol. x. 218 A well-knit system of canalization tends to narrow down the evolutionary potential quite severely. 1989 Jrnl. Paleontol. 63 193/1 These patterns indicate a higher degree of canalization of development in populations from more constant and predictable environments. 2005 A. A. Hoffmann & J. A. McKenzie in B. Hallgrímsson & B. K. Hall Variation ix. 168 Selection for genetic canalization will be much weaker than for environmental canalization because only rarely will genetic variants be expressed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1825
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