cariboun.

Brit.

/ˈkarᵻbuː/, U.S.

/ˈkɛrəˌbu/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, (occasionally) caribous.

Forms: 1600s carabou, 1600s caribo, 1600s– caribou, 1700s cariboux (plural), 1700s carribouck, 1700s careboeuff, 1700s carrabouf, 1800s caraboo, 1800s cariboo, 1800s carraboo, 1800s carribou, 1800s karaboo.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French caribou.

Etymology: < French caribou (1609) < Micmac *qaripu , earlier form of qalipu (pronounced /xalibu/, cognate with Maliseet-Passamaquoddy mokalip caribou: see maccarib n.), reflecting an agent noun of an Algonquian verb with the sense ‘to shovel snow, to clear away snow’ (compare Ojibwa mangaanibii he shovels snow), so called on account of the animal's habit of scraping away snow to feed on the vegetation underneath.In the forms careboeuff and carrabouf apparently with remodelling of the second syllable after French bœuf ox (see beef n.). N.E.D. (1888) gives the pronunciation as (kæribū·) /kærɪˈbuː/.

A reindeer belonging to any of several subspecies found in North America; esp. the migratory Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. Also with distinguishing word. Cf. reindeer n. 1.Barren-Ground caribou, Peary caribou, woodland caribou: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > types of deer > [noun] > genus Rangifer (reindeer)

reindeerc1440

rein1555

tarand1572

buff1607

caribou1609

maccarib1672

bucka1674

woodland caribou1854

1609 P. Erondelle tr. M. Lescarbot Noua Francia i. xvi. 111 Item, of Ellans (or stagge flesh) of Caribous [Fr. Caribous] (or Deere) Beuers, Otters, Beares, Rabbets, Wilde-cats (or Leopards) Nibachès and such like.

1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 20 The Maccarib, Caribo, or Pohano, a kind of Deer.

1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 59 Harts and Caribous are kill'd both in Summer and Winter.

a1710 P.-E. Radisson Voy. (1885) 202 We killed severall..Carriboucks.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 153 The North Americans also hunt it [sc. the rein-deer] under the name of the caribou.

1804 G. Nelson Second Winter 29 May in L. Peers & T. Schenck First Years in Fur Trade (2002) 159 (note) The Carriboeuf or what I call the rein deer, rutt & make their young pretty near about the same time.

1899 Proc. New Eng. Zoöl. Club 28 Feb. 16 The Newfoundland caribou, Rangifer terrænovæ.., is an island species, peculiar to Newfoundland.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1348 When first explored, these plains were teeming with caribou or Arctic reindeer (Rangifer arcticus), just like the reindeer of north Europe and Asia.

1994 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Nov. 104/2 I sat down in a meadow and watched a caribou trot along the spine of a ridge.

2016 New Scientist 17 Dec. 72/1 The Dene have long hunted caribou.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as caribou herd, caribou meat, caribou skin, etc.

ΚΠ

a1710 P.-E. Radisson Voy. (1885) 302 The Indians..having laid out their presents before me, being Beavors' tailes, caribou tongues dry'd, Greas of Bears, Deere, & of Elks.

1779 in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1913) XLIX. 112 Sold..82 caribou skins, at £6 10. 0.

1866 W. R. King Sportsman & Naturalist in Canada iv. 79 The Caribou antlers are of singular and fantastic form.

1887 Harper's Mag. Feb. 458/2 The hunter..covers his feet with..a pair of moose or caribou shanks, with the hair outside.

1903 S. E. White Conjuror's House viii. 94 She felt..the hunger that yet could not stomach the..hairy, black caribou meat.

1977 R. Ames in C. Brice-Bennett Our Footpr. are Everywhere ii. 225/1 Caribou herds..are small in winter.

2016 New Scientist 24 Sept. 12/3 Sea ice allows caribou populations to interact.

C2.

Caribou Eskimo n. now rare a member of any of various Inuit peoples who traditionally relied on caribou for food and clothing; spec. a member of an Inuit people inhabiting the Kivalliq region of Nunavut, Canada to the west of Hudson Bay.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [noun]

Eskimo1584

Inuit1745

Skraeling1767

Inuk1876

Yuit1881

Copper Eskimo1884

Netsilik1884

Netsilingmiut1885

Caribou Eskimo1920

Eskimoid1930

Nunamiut1951

Inupiaq1957

Yupik1977

1920 H. Stuck Winter Circuit Arctic Coast ix. 343 The trouble with these Caribou Eskimos is that they are unable..to make more than hurried visits to a mission station.

1978 J. A. Maxwell America's Fascinating Indian Heritage x. 370/1 Among the Caribou Eskimos, who were almost wholly dependent on the antlered animal for survival, the principal deity was Mother of the Caribou.

2010 Arctic 63 253/2 Their finds revealed ancient Indian occupations of this forest-tundra ecotone but no evidence of early Eskimo cultures prior to the ethnographic Caribou Eskimo.

caribou moss n. lichens of the genus Cladonia, which serve as the chief winter food of caribou or reindeer; = reindeer moss n. at reindeer n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > other mosses

golden maidenhair1578

polytrichon1578

bryon1597

maidenhair moss1597

mountain coralline1598

chalice-moss1610

purple bottle1650

water moss1663

fern-moss1698

hypnum1753

Mnium1754

rock tripe1763

feather-moss1776

scaly water-moss1796

screw moss1804

hog-bed1816

fringe-moss1818

caribou moss1831

apple moss1841

bristle-moss1844

scale-moss1846

anophyte1850

robin's rye1854

wall moss1855

fork-moss1860

thread-moss1864

lattice moss1868

robin-wheat1886

1831 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Monthly Mag. Sept. 146 The white Caribou moss, (Lichen rangiferinum) which covers the naked barren hills.

1951 F. K. Hare in T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 957 A belt of open woodland,..set in a rich lichen floor, the dominant genus of lichen being Cladonia (‘reindeer’ or ‘caribou moss’).

2003 Canad. Geographic Jan. 48/2 The Innu wanted an inland location, on a plain surrounded by hills covered with trees and caribou moss.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	caribou
释义	cariboun. Brit. /ˈkarᵻbuː/, U.S. /ˈkɛrəˌbu/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, (occasionally) caribous. Forms: 1600s carabou, 1600s caribo, 1600s– caribou, 1700s cariboux (plural), 1700s carribouck, 1700s careboeuff, 1700s carrabouf, 1800s caraboo, 1800s cariboo, 1800s carraboo, 1800s carribou, 1800s karaboo. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French caribou. Etymology: < French caribou (1609) < Micmac qaripu , earlier form of qalipu* (pronounced /xalibu/, cognate with Maliseet-Passamaquoddy mokalip caribou: see maccarib n.), reflecting an agent noun of an Algonquian verb with the sense ‘to shovel snow, to clear away snow’ (compare Ojibwa mangaanibii he shovels snow), so called on account of the animal's habit of scraping away snow to feed on the vegetation underneath.In the forms careboeuff and carrabouf apparently with remodelling of the second syllable after French bœuf ox (see beef n.). N.E.D. (1888) gives the pronunciation as (kæribū·) /kærɪˈbuː/. A reindeer belonging to any of several subspecies found in North America; esp. the migratory Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. Also with distinguishing word. Cf. reindeer n. 1.Barren-Ground caribou, Peary caribou, woodland caribou: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > types of deer > [noun] > genus Rangifer (reindeer) reindeerc1440 rein1555 tarand1572 buff1607 caribou1609 maccarib1672 bucka1674 woodland caribou1854 1609 P. Erondelle tr. M. Lescarbot Noua Francia i. xvi. 111 Item, of Ellans (or stagge flesh) of Caribous [Fr. Caribous] (or Deere) Beuers, Otters, Beares, Rabbets, Wilde-cats (or Leopards) Nibachès and such like. 1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 20 The Maccarib, Caribo, or Pohano, a kind of Deer. 1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 59 Harts and Caribous are kill'd both in Summer and Winter. a1710 P.-E. Radisson Voy. (1885) 202 We killed severall..Carriboucks. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 153 The North Americans also hunt it [sc. the rein-deer] under the name of the caribou. 1804 G. Nelson Second Winter 29 May in L. Peers & T. Schenck First Years in Fur Trade (2002) 159 (note) The Carriboeuf or what I call the rein deer, rutt & make their young pretty near about the same time. 1899 Proc. New Eng. Zoöl. Club 28 Feb. 16 The Newfoundland caribou, Rangifer terrænovæ.., is an island species, peculiar to Newfoundland. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1348 When first explored, these plains were teeming with caribou or Arctic reindeer (Rangifer arcticus), just like the reindeer of north Europe and Asia. 1994 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Nov. 104/2 I sat down in a meadow and watched a caribou trot along the spine of a ridge. 2016 New Scientist 17 Dec. 72/1 The Dene have long hunted caribou. Compounds C1. General attributive, as caribou herd, caribou meat, caribou skin, etc. ΚΠ a1710 P.-E. Radisson Voy. (1885) 302 The Indians..having laid out their presents before me, being Beavors' tailes, caribou tongues dry'd, Greas of Bears, Deere, & of Elks. 1779 in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1913) XLIX. 112 Sold..82 caribou skins, at £6 10. 0. 1866 W. R. King Sportsman & Naturalist in Canada iv. 79 The Caribou antlers are of singular and fantastic form. 1887 Harper's Mag. Feb. 458/2 The hunter..covers his feet with..a pair of moose or caribou shanks, with the hair outside. 1903 S. E. White Conjuror's House viii. 94 She felt..the hunger that yet could not stomach the..hairy, black caribou meat. 1977 R. Ames in C. Brice-Bennett Our Footpr. are Everywhere ii. 225/1 Caribou herds..are small in winter. 2016 New Scientist 24 Sept. 12/3 Sea ice allows caribou populations to interact. C2. Caribou Eskimo n. now rare a member of any of various Inuit peoples who traditionally relied on caribou for food and clothing; spec. a member of an Inuit people inhabiting the Kivalliq region of Nunavut, Canada to the west of Hudson Bay. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [noun] Eskimo1584 Inuit1745 Skraeling1767 Inuk1876 Yuit1881 Copper Eskimo1884 Netsilik1884 Netsilingmiut1885 Caribou Eskimo1920 Eskimoid1930 Nunamiut1951 Inupiaq1957 Yupik1977 1920 H. Stuck Winter Circuit Arctic Coast ix. 343 The trouble with these Caribou Eskimos is that they are unable..to make more than hurried visits to a mission station. 1978 J. A. Maxwell America's Fascinating Indian Heritage x. 370/1 Among the Caribou Eskimos, who were almost wholly dependent on the antlered animal for survival, the principal deity was Mother of the Caribou. 2010 Arctic 63 253/2 Their finds revealed ancient Indian occupations of this forest-tundra ecotone but no evidence of early Eskimo cultures prior to the ethnographic Caribou Eskimo. caribou moss n. lichens of the genus Cladonia, which serve as the chief winter food of caribou or reindeer; = reindeer moss n. at reindeer n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > other mosses golden maidenhair1578 polytrichon1578 bryon1597 maidenhair moss1597 mountain coralline1598 chalice-moss1610 purple bottle1650 water moss1663 fern-moss1698 hypnum1753 Mnium1754 rock tripe1763 feather-moss1776 scaly water-moss1796 screw moss1804 hog-bed1816 fringe-moss1818 caribou moss1831 apple moss1841 bristle-moss1844 scale-moss1846 anophyte1850 robin's rye1854 wall moss1855 fork-moss1860 thread-moss1864 lattice moss1868 robin-wheat1886 1831 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Monthly Mag. Sept. 146 The white Caribou moss, (Lichen rangiferinum) which covers the naked barren hills. 1951 F. K. Hare in T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 957 A belt of open woodland,..set in a rich lichen floor, the dominant genus of lichen being Cladonia (‘reindeer’ or ‘caribou moss’). 2003 Canad. Geographic Jan. 48/2 The Innu wanted an inland location, on a plain surrounded by hills covered with trees and caribou moss. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1609
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