cellularadj.n.
/ˈsɛljᵿlə/, U.S. /ˈsɛljələr/ A. adj.
1. † b. Physiology and Medicine. Relating to connective or interstitial tissue. Obsolete.† c. Botany. Of plant tissue: not vascular or specialized; parenchymatous. Obsolete.† d. Botany. Of a plant: lacking histologically distinct stems, leaves, or (esp.) vascular tissues. Cf. sense B. 1. Obsolete.
a. Anatomy and Physiology. Of a tissue or organ: containing many small cavities or spaces; having an open or porous texture; (of bone) cancellous; spec. designating adipose or other loose connective or interstitial tissue. Formerly also: †of the nature of such a cavity (obsolete). Now rare.See also cellular membrane n., cellular tissue n. at Compounds. Cf. note at cell n.1 9b.
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the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [adjective]
vesicular1705
cellular1716
vascular1830
vasiform1835
vasculose1866
non-vascular1880
vesselled1895
1716 Pharmacopœiæ Radcliffeanæ 161 Cutting is dangerous for the Tendons; and if that could be safely attempted, yet the Bones being cellular at the Joint, and porous, it would avail little.
1729 tr. H. Boerhaave Treat. Venereal Dis. 75 If a Gonorrhœa be situate only in the cellular Cavities of the Penis,..it [sc. quicksilver] never cures it.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Cellular, or Cellulose, an appellation given by Ruysch, to the second coat of the intestines; in which fat is often found.
1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxxviii. 448 The remaining cavity is filled by an aqueous fluid, lodged in a cellular texture of extremely fine membrane, and called the vitreous humour.
1826 Glasgow Mechanics' Mag. 7 Jan. 326/1 The udder is composed of a multitude of lactiferous tubes..associated with blood-vessels, nerves, absorbents, and a glandular apparatus, the whole being connected together by a peculiar kind of cellular substance, which, in popular language, is called lure.
1833 C. Bell Hand (ed. 2) Addit. Illustr. 267 [The skull of the giraffe] is cellular, and thin and light as a paper case.
1908 Lancet 28 Mar. 967/1 In the recumbent posture the intervening loose cellular tissue is not strong enough to keep the heart close to the sternum.
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the world > life > biology > substance > cell > [adjective]
cellular1785
subcellular1828
intercellular1835
intercell1849
intercellulary1874
intracellular1876
pericellular1877
paracellular1900
1785 W. Withering Acct. Foxglove 196 If the affection of the breath depends also upon cellular effusion..the patient may be taught to expect a recovery.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 510/1 A very thin albuminous fluid..often termed the cellular serosity.
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1806 Ann. Bot. 2 575 The author endeavours to prove that all vegetables are composed of cellular texture, and, some few families excepted, of vessels.
1827 T. Nuttall Introd. Systematic & Physiol. Bot. ii. v. 304 In the stems of monocotyledons, the vessels run nearly in straight lines in distinct fasciculi, imbedded in a cellular pulp.
1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. i. i. 3 Cellular tissue..generally consists of little bladders or vesicles of various figures, adhering together in masses.
1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. ii. i. 89 In early life the bark (cortex) is entirely cellular like pith: but in a mature state it is composed of a cellular and a vascular system, in this respect, agreeing with the wood.
1889 N.E.D. Cellular,..as an epithet of vegetable tissues, opposed to vascular.]
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1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. Introd. 15 Vegetables which have no flowers..are..Cellular.
1875 J. W. Dawson Life's Dawn on Earth ii. 33 Cellular plants, as, for example, mosses and lichens.
2.
a. Of a natural mineral substance or (later) a man-made material: containing a cavity or cavities; characterized by air-filled pockets or pores.See also cellular concrete n. at Compounds.
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the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [adjective] > having compartments or chambers
chambereda1382
cellulara1728
multilocular1754
cellated1832
pigeonholed1848
compartmented1851
multi-camerate1878
multiloculate1890
multiloculated1899
the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > hollowness > [adjective] > full of cavities > small
cellulate?a1425
cavernous1597
alveated1623
honeycombed1633
favaginous1658
cellulated1693
vesiculated1703
cellulous1712
cellulara1728
cellulose1752
cavernulous1758
comby1773
alveolate1793
vesiculate1828
cavernulated1875
cellularized1942
a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) 54 There's a cellular texture in this finely shewn; and 'tis a beautiful Stone.
1797 R. Towson Trav. Hungary xviii. 429 On account of the hardness of this stone and its cellular texture, it is much used for mill-stones.
1811 J. Black tr. A. von Humboldt Polit. Ess. New Spain III. 229 Brown cellular iron, speculary iron, a little galena, and magnetic iron.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. x. 216 I..had noticed the presence of a few small pebbles of a very cellular basalt.
1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 75 Marcasite..in cellular specimens.
1940 F. F. Grout Kemp's Handbk. Rocks (ed. 6) ii. 37 When a lava with mineralizers reaches the surface, the release of pressure commonly results in a separation of steam bubbles, and a cellular lava; if the cavities are later filled with secondary minerals, it is amygdaloidal lava.
1944 E. Lucas in R. Greenhalgh Pract. Builder ii. 97/1 Cellular bricks (bricks of standard size but hollow within) are often used for partitions, as they save weight.
1964 L. H. Van Vlack Elements Materials Sci. (ed. 2) xiii. 381 The absorption characteristics of a sponge, of concrete, or of cellular wall insulation depend on the apparent porosity.
2005 San Jose Mercury (Calif.) News (Nexis) 17 Sept. 3 An example for other communities and get architects and builders to focus on features like cellular insulation instead of just the granite countertops and giant walk-in closets.
b. Of a fabric: of open texture; knitted so as to form holes or hollows that trap air and provide extra insulation.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [adjective] > with open texture
cellular1888
string1964
1888 Cassell's Family Mag. Dec. 60/1 Cellular Clothing. Under-clothing of every kind is now being made of a cellular cloth.
1926 J. Chamberlain Hosiery, Yarns & Fabrics vi. 128 The Pelerine Stitch has a limited application as a shawl stitch, but modern variations of it are used for producing..cellular fabric.
1964 Which? Apr. 123/1 Cellular, mesh or eyelet fabrics have a regular pattern of small holes over the surface.
1965 G. Jones Island of Apples ii. iii. 104 He was wearing a black Norfolk jacket and long trousers and a cellular cricket shirt but no tie.
1989 Grattan Direct Catal. Spring–Summer 814/1 ‘Witney’ cellular wool blanket in four soft pastel colours, ribbon bound at both ends.
3. gen. Relating to or composed of cells or cellules (in various senses); characterized by division of a structure, surface, etc., into distinct cells or compartments; (also) of the nature of a cell. Also in extended use (cf. modular adj. 2b).
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the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [adjective] > divided > divided into sections or compartments
cellular1745
comparted1823
pigeonholed1848
compartmented1851
compartmentalized1925
sectionalized1937
cellularized1942
1745 J. Parsons Microsc. Theatre Seeds 123 They [sc. the seeds of white henbane] are depressed on both sides..and their whole surface is cellular; the Cells have no particular form, but are somewhat irregular, and the Ridges that form them are pretty eminent.
1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxviii. 335 Water has been sometimes raised by stuffed cushions, or by oval blocks of wood, connected with an endless rope... When flat boards are united by chains, and employed instead of these cushions, the machine may be denominated a cellular pump.
1856 Catal. 8th Exhib. Inventions in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 4 App. I. 27/2 Filling the vacant parts of the lock-case..with cellular work.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 790/2 In 1881, Swan [patented]..lead plates, honey-combed, ribbed or cellular, for increasing surface [in a lead-acid battery].
1938 E. G. Richardson Physical Sci. Mod. Life vi. 130 Instability of the layer of water sets in and it breaks up into a mass of so-called cellular vortices.
1953 Mariner's Mirror 39 165 The double-bottom was split up into a large number of cellular spaces.
1977 Proc. Biennial Meeting Philos. of Sci. Assoc. 1976 II. 448 A cellular space is a space divided into discrete cells; and each cell in this space is regarded as a finite-state automaton operating on a discrete time basis.
2001 Wired July 157/2 The real payoff of the Blue Gene project will be the machine's cellular architecture.
4. Of, relating to, or characterized by (monastic or prison) cells; divided into compartments or cells.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [adjective] > small room
cellular1791
1791 J. Bentham Panopticon xxi. 129 One floor in each story of the Inspection Tower affords a perfect view of two stories in the Cellular part.
1825 C. Lamb in London Mag. May 71 A poor Carthusian, from strict cellular discipline suddenly by some revolution returned upon the world.
1872 Daily News 13 July The cellular system [of convict discipline] as it is established in Belgium.
1905 H. James Lesson in Balzac 174 His system of cellular confinement..was positively that of a Benedictine monk.
1931 Jrnl. Criminal Law & Criminol. 22 539 For prisoners on trial, the cellular system should be applied absolutely.
1960 P. W. Tappan Crime, Justice & Correction I. iii. xx. 611 Its relatively economical cellular design, and rigid disciplinary philosophy, was productive and attractive to other jurisdictions.
1980 Antiquaries Jrnl. 60 132 It is tentatively indicated..that early buildings were cellular, while integrated churches are late in the period.
1995 I. Holder Theory & Pract. in Archaeol. iv. 60 Similarities between the houses and tombs of Skara Brae and Quanterness were observed in..the cellular plan.
1999 Light & Lighting Dec. 19/2 For small spaces occupied by one or two people—cellular offices, for example—ordinary manual switching will often prove to be the best design.
2003 M. Kohli Golden Bridge ix. 298 Pentonville Prison became the first cellular prison in Britain with each prisoner having a cell to himself.
5. Biology.
a. Of or relating to biological cells (cell n.1 15a).
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1844 [see cellular theory n. at Compounds].
1861 Year-bk. Med. 1860 (New Sydenham Soc.) 134 Virchow—Cellular Pathology and Physiological Therapeutics.
1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Cellular Pathology, the doctrine of the origin of disease in a perturbation of action, or an alteration of structure, of some or other of the ultimate cells of which the body is composed.
1913 W. E. Kellicott Textbk. Gen. Embryol. i. 19 The final aspects [of development] are chiefly the result of cellular or tissue differentiation, processes often described separately under the term histogenesis.
1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) vii. 127 The defence of the tissues against bacterial attack consists (1) of the inflammatory reaction which is largely a cellular response, and (2) of the formation of antibodies, a chemical process which is often called humoral.
1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 15 Feb. 374/1 Once cellular DNA is damaged, the ‘message’ is irretrievably lost in the medium.
2006 Chem. Geol. 228 288/2 Such experiments or simulations could also be used to explore an alternative hypothesis of cellular dissolution.
b. Consisting of, or of the nature of, biological cells.
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1858 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 148 630 Perhaps the strongest argument in favour of the cellular nature of these receptacles of colouring matter is afforded by the universal presence of a nucleus in the central cavity of each.
1913 J. W. Jenkinson Vertebr. Embryol. ix. 236 At its base this trophoblast remains cellular, but elsewhere it becomes syncytial by the disappearance of cell-boundaries.
1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. iii. 32 We need not discuss whether the bodies of the simpler organisms such as the bacteria and viruses should be called cellular.
1969 Jrnl. Pediatrics 74 942/1 (caption) The macula during fluorescein angioretinography is dark because the dye does not penetrate the multiple cellular layers.
2003 Wired June 112/1 The cellular barriers that protect the brains are held together by a network of proteins called tight junctions.
6. Of or relating to a mobile radio-telephone system in which the area served is subdivided into ‘cells’ (cell n.1 21) each with one or more of its own short-range transmitter/receiver towers linked to an automated switching centre. Also: designating such a telephone system. The use of multiple cells allows the same radio frequency to be used for different callers in different parts of the area simultaneously and the capacity of the system is thereby increased.
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society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > [adjective] > types of telephony
radio-telephonic1908
dial-up1960
touch-tone1960
cellular1972
1972 Microwaves 11 9-10 Cellular distribution of transceivers operating at 850 MHz could open up congested conditions.
1982 New Scientist 23 Dec. 800/2 Cellular radio is basically automated citizen's band radio with the added extra that you can dial a correspondent, rather than having to set up a conversation by broadcasting a call sign.
1985 New Scientist 31 Jan. 5/1 Although owners of cellular radios pay nothing to receive calls in their cars, their callers will pay 43p per minute.
2002 Guardian 28 Oct. (Media section) 34/1 The web-connected cellular mobile phone may have to make room for the Wi-Fi-ed PC.
B. n.† 1. Botany. In plural. Flowerless plants (cryptogams) lacking histologically distinct stems, leaves, or (esp.) vascular tissues. Cf. sense A. 1d. Obsolete. rare.
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the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > plant characterized by cells > [noun] > plants characterized by cellular structure
teleophyte1840
protophyte1850
cellular1879
macrophyte1903
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 1 The presence of flowers, of spiral-vessels, and of cuticular stomata, will at all times distinguish these [sc. the Vasculares] from Cellulares, or flowerless plants.]
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) I. 54 The least organised plants are termed cellulars.
2. A cellular material or item of clothing (cf. A. 2b).
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > with open texture
cellular1889
1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Jan. 7/1 Gentlemen have tennis-shirts of real silk cellular now.
1906 M. Wood Let. Dec. in R. M. Crawford Bit of Rebel (1975) 261 Two plain but enduring flannel shirts, and two grey cellulars the successors of his old darlings in which ‘he wooed and won’.
1996 Daily Tel. 15 Apr. 16/4 There are Oxfords, two-fold poplins, Italian superfine twills, brushed cottons, voiles, sea islands, cellulars.
3. North American. A cellular telephone. Cf. cell n.3
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society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > telephone > types of
microtelephone1879
field telephone1880
telephone extension1881
pay telephone1886
home telephone1893
substation1897
extension1906
railophone1911
dial phone1917
payphone1919
dial telephone1921
autophone1922
mobile telephone1930
viewphone1932
videophone1944
mobile phone1945
car phone1946
video telephone1947
speaker-phone1955
picture telephone1956
princess phone1959
touchtone telephone1961
touch-tone1962
touchtone phone1963
picture phone1964
Trimphone1965
princess telephone1966
vision-telephone1966
visiophone1971
princess1973
warbler1973
landline1977
cardphone1978
feature phone1979
smartphone1980
mobile1982
cell phone1983
Vodafone1984
cellular1985
mobile device1989
brick1990
satphone1991
celly1992
burner phone1996
keitai1998
burner2002
1985 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 5 Aug. In Seattle, cab operators have installed cellulars so customers can call direct to the driver.
1992 M. Blonsky Amer. Mythologies Introd. 27 Given the advent of ‘nomadic objects’, as Attali calls our Faxes and cellulars,..we possess the power as never before to forage far from our roots.
2004 J. R. Garber Whirlwind (2005) 121 Upstart yuppie white trash with their laptops and their Palm Pilots and their Web-browsing cellulars.
Compounds
cellular automaton n. Mathematics and Computing any of a class of computational systems which consist of an ordered array of units or ‘cells’ having a finite number of states which change according to a set of rules that determine the new state of each cell as a function of its current state and the current states of its neighbours; a software or hardware realization of such a system. Complex, sometimes self-reproducing, patterns can emerge in cellular automata, which have been used in modelling some natural (esp. biological) or real-world systems (cf. game of life n. 2).
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1965 Jrnl. Theoret. Biol. 8 371 Identification of a cancer cell might involve certain unsolvable problems for a cellular automaton.
1984 K. Preston & M. J. B. Duff Mod. Cellular Automata Theory & Applic. i. 11 It is this inspection of neighboring data which allows cellular automata to be so effective in the analysis of two-dimensional structure or, to use more familiar terms, in pictorial pattern recognition.
1997 Electronic Engin. Times 21 July 8/1 Each Xilinx chip was configured as a module containing 4,000 cellular automata, each with 100 neurons.
1999 Discover Mar. 31/3 Another method considers the cars individually, but as ‘cellular automatons’ that follow simple rules—‘I am going too slow; there is a vacant cell in the adjacent lane that would allow me to pass this pig in front of me, therefore I shall pass.’
cellular concrete n. concrete that contains small air-filled spaces deliberately introduced during manufacture; esp. a lightweight concrete made by a process involving the chemical generation of bubbles to form a foam which is hardened by heating.
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1896 U.S. Patent 563,278 2/2 In constructing floors and ceilings of cellular concrete I may provide a light latticed framework..and apply the webs of netting and the concrete thereto.
1956 E. D. Mills Mod. Church v. 76 The most widely used materials of this kind are the various kinds of light-weight blocks of cellular concrete, light-clay and expanded plastic.
2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 294 The exterior walls are 250 mm cellular concrete (YTONG) blocks, painted with a high reflectivity ochre-coloured paint.
cellular immune response n. Biology a cell-mediated immune response.
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1961 Lancet 18 Feb. 368/2 The ‘leak hypothesis’..envisages an escape of antigen(s) from the acini stimulating a cellular immune response in the body of the thyroid and regional lymph-nodes.
1989 E. Lawrence Guide Mod. Biol. xi. 377 During the past 30 years the focus of immunological research has been gradually shifting towards cell-mediated or cellular immune responses.
2007 Observer (Nexis) 5 Aug. (Home) 15 Exposure to ultraviolet rays may induce protection against MS..either directly by altering the cellular immune response, or indirectly by producing immunoactive Vitamin D.
cellular immunity n. Biology (originally) immunity dependent upon the activity of phagocytic cells (macrophages) (now rare or historical); (later also) cell-mediated immunity.
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1905 Lancet 14 Oct. 1126/2 This conception of a cellular immunity is quite different from the antitoxic humoral immunity.
1954 G. P. Gladstone in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxiv. 438 Most examples of so-called ‘cellular’ immunity are misnamed, the evidence on which they were classified being the result of inadequate techniques for demonstrating antibody which may be fixed to cells.
2002 Exercise Immunol. Rev. 8 6 Strenuous exercise not only induces pyrogenesis but also..suppresses cellular immunity.
cellular logic n. Computing logic applicable to cellular automata and other devices that consist of an array of identical processing elements, each element handling a discrete part of a larger problem (such as the processing of an image composed of pixels) (frequently attributive).
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1964 IEEE Trans. Electronic Computers 13 685/1 An important aim in studying cellular logic is to enable the construction of switching and storage networks that are better..than existing networks.
1973 Pattern Recognition 5 230 If an image is to be processed in a cellular logic array, it must first be divided into elements, or cells, each cell taking a value related to the average image density in the region.
2000 P. P. Jonker in G. Borgefors et al. Discrete Geom. for Computer Imagery: 9th Internat. Conf. 371 Cellular logic processing has its roots in binary image processing on massively parallel cellular logic machines.
cellular membrane n. [with sense (a) compare post-classical Latin membrana cellularis (1730 or earlier in an English context; apparently after English)] Biology (a) loose connective tissue (in early use esp. adipose tissue) (cf. cellular tissue n.) (now disused); (b) = cell membrane n. at cell n.1 Compounds 3.
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the world > life > the body > bodily substance > connective tissue > [noun]
cellular membrane1729
cellular tissue1754
areolar tissue1818
connective tissue1839
connexive tissue1854
conjunctive tissue1856–8
connective1883
1729 D. Turner Disc. conc. Gleets p. x No Part of the Body, either membranous or muscular, is destitute of this adipose or cellular Membrane.
1799 R. Southey Nondescripts iii, in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 64 My very cellular membrane will be changed..I shall be negrofied.
1842 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. 33 29 Around the cell is disposed a mass of grains, united by a transparent matter, and surrounded by a simple cellular membrane.
1876 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 8) II. 53 If we make a cut through the skin and proceed to raise it from the subjacent parts, we observe that it is loosely connected to them by a soft filamentous substance of considerable tenacity and elasticity..This is the substance known by the names of ‘cellular’, ‘areolar’, ‘filamentous’, ‘connective’, and ‘reticular’ tissue; it used formerly to be commonly called ‘cellular membrane’.
1939 A. Krogh Osmotic Regulation in Aquatic Animals 196 The isotonicity normally present between tissue cells and the surrounding medium need not mean, however, that the sum of free ions on both sides of the cellular membrane is the same.
1998 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 3) iii. 214/1 Syncytia are made up of nuclei not separated by cellular membranes.
cellular membranous adj. Biology (a) of the nature of or relating to connective tissue (see cellular membrane n. (a)) (now disused); (b) of or relating to a cell membrane.
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1756 D. Monro Ess. Dropsy (ed. 2) ii. i. 78 The principal, if not the only, seat of the diffused dropsy, is that cellular membranous substance which is to be found every where under the skin, about the muscles, blood-vessels, [etc.].
1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) I. i. 33 The deep cellular-membranous syphilitic sore.
1976 Jrnl. Parasitol. 62 397/2 The cilia and microvilli emerge through the dorsal fenestra in the enveloping cell and often contact the axial cellular membranous investment.
2006 AIDS Res. & Human Retroviruses 22 262 This glycosidase should reside on an envelope protein capable of interacting with cellular membranous O-glycans.
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1757 tr. J. F. Henckel Pyritologia iii. 24 The six-sided cellular or honey-combed sort [Ger. der sechsseitig ausgehölte celllularis].
1798 G. Mitchell tr. D. L. G. Karsten Descr. Minerals in Leskean Mus. I. 14 Tetrahedral Cellular Martial Pyrites [Ger. Vierseitig zelliger Schwefelkies].]
1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 31 Hexagonal, as in quartz, and cellular pyrites.
1825 W. Haidinger tr. F. Mohs Treat. Min. I. 263 The cellular Pyrites. In that mineral the sides of the alveolæ are perpendicular to each other..; they consist of rhombohedral Quartz, and are lined with crystals sometimes of hexahedral, sometimes of prismatic Iron-pyrites.
1854 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 4) I. 60 Marcasite... White Iron Pyrites... Hepatic Pyrites... Cellular Pyrites.
cellular respiration n. †(a) the passage of air through the alveoli and small airways of the lung; (also) the sound resulting from this (obsolete); (b) the metabolic process of respiration (respiration n. 5) by which absorbed oxygen is combined with carbon in a cell to form carbon dioxide and generate energy; (also occasionally in early use) the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between a cell and the environment.
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1837 J. Wolff Use Auscultation & Percussion 69 It is a matter of great importance..to ascertain whether the normal cellular respiration can be heard, besides the crepitant rattle.
1892 Louisiana Planter & Sugar Manufacturer 8 Oct. 266/1 It will be of higher interest at the present time to know the quantity of sugar necessary for the cellular respiration away from free air in a given time and at various temperatures.
1899 A. A. Eshner tr. C. Jakob Atlas Methods Clin. Investig. ii. 32 It [sc. the vesicular respiratory murmur] is generated wherever pulmonary alveolar respiration (cellular respiration) takes place.
1958 Amer. Biol. Teacher 20 121/2 In cellular respiration,..the basic pathway for the release of energy is the same in the cells of a great variety of organisms.
2016 D. C. Rizzo Fund. Anat. & Physiol. (ed. 4) ii. 28/2 Blood returning to the lungs is low in oxygen but high in carbon dioxide gas as a result of cellular respiration.
cellular slime mould n. Biology any slime mould of the order Dictyosteliida, which may exist either as a single amoeboid cell or (typically when food supplies are exhausted) as an aggregate of cells (pseudoplasmodium).
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1953 Nature 30 May 975/1 (heading) Aggregation in cellular slime moulds.
1968 Biol. Bull. 134 298 The myxamoebae of the Acrasieae, or cellular slime molds, aggregate and form fruiting structures after they have ingested their bacterial food supply.
2004 R. Dawkins Ancestor's Tale xxxv. 504 Cellular slime moulds are social amoebas. They literally blur the distinction between a group of social individuals and a single multicellular individual.
cellular theory n. Biology (a) = cell theory n. at cell n.1 Compounds 3 (now historical); (b) any of various theories (historical or current) that emphasize the primary role played by cells in pathological or physiological processes.
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1844 R. Willis in tr. R. Wagner Elements Physiol. ii. v. 412 (note) When we speak..of granules in connexion with cells, it is meant to be intimated that there are formations to which the recent cellular theory has not yet been found applicable.
1876 Lancet 8 Jan. 71/1 Virchow, basing his observations on inflammatory changes in bone, muscle, &c., described apparent regions of increased action of the tissue, and built thereon his well-known ‘cellular theory’.
1895 Public Health 8 262/2 The first is a cellular theory, and is associated with the name of Metschnikoff. The phagocytes or wandering cells of the body are capable of taking up and digesting foreign bodies.
1935 Lancet 5 Jan. 34/1 In the light of our present knowledge we can see that a virus theory of cancer and a cellular theory of cancer are not mutually exclusive.
1959 A. Hughes Hist. Cytol. ii. 33 In tracing the origins of cellular theory, we find that..when structures which we now regard as cells were discovered they were often called by various other names which now have no special significance.
1997 Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 54 597 (title) A molecular and cellular theory of depression.
2007 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 194 S154/1 In spite of living in an ‘omic’ era (genomic, proteomics, etc), we must stick to the cellular theory coined by another giant, German scientist Professor Virchow.
cellular tissue n. [compare French tissu cellulaire (1728 or earlier), post-classical Latin tela cellulosa (1747 (in the passage translated in quot. 1754) or earlier)] Biology (a) loose connective tissue (cf. cellular membrane n. (a)) (now rare); (b) tissue composed of (many) cells; esp. the parenchyma of plants (contrasted with fibrous or vascular tissue).
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the world > life > the body > bodily substance > connective tissue > [noun]
cellular membrane1729
cellular tissue1754
areolar tissue1818
connective tissue1839
connexive tissue1854
conjunctive tissue1856–8
connective1883
1754 S. Mihles tr. A. von Haller Physiol. I. vii. 194 The cellular tissue [L. cellulosam..telam] or web-like substance, which makes the solid stratum or basis of the membranes and viscera.
1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. 9 Cellular tissue is frequently called Parenchyma.
1860 F. Chance tr. R. Virchow Cellular Pathol. xv. 232 This yields us the type of the so-called adipose cellular tissue, or simply, adipose tissue.
1923 J. W. Mellor Compreh. Treat. Inorgan. & Theoret. Chem. III. xxiv. 816 Calcite occurs in the cellular tissue of many phanerogamia—e.g. cycadaceæ and cactaceæ.
2001 Biol. Bull. 201 311/2 The modifications [for transparency] depend on the tissue, which can be divided into three groups: external surface, extracellular matrix, and cellular tissue.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.1716