any of various colours, such as those of wood or earth, produced by low intensity light in the wavelength range 620–585 nanometres

a dye or pigment producing these colours

brown cloth or clothing

any of numerous mostly reddish-brown butterflies of the genera Maniola, Lasiommata, etc, such as M. jurtina (meadow brown): family Satyridae

of the colour brown

(of bread) made from a flour that has not been bleached or bolted, such as wheatmeal or wholemeal flour

deeply tanned or sunburnt

to make (esp food as a result of cooking) brown or (esp of food) to become brown

Sir Arthur Whitten (ˈwɪtən). 1886–1948, British aviator who withJ.W. Alcock made the first flight across the Atlantic (1919)

Ford Madox. 1821–93, British painter, associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His paintings include The Last of England (1865) and Work (1865)

George (Alfred), Lord George-Brown. 1914–85, British Labour politician; vice-chairman and deputy leader of the Labour party (1960–70); foreign secretary 1966–68

George Mackay . 1921–96, Scottish poet, novelist, and short-story writer. His works, which include the novels Greenvoe (1972) and Magnus (1973), reflect the history and culture of Orkney

(James) Gordon. born 1951, British Labour politician; Chancellor of the Exchequer (1997–2007); prime minister (2007–10)

Herbert Charles . 1912–2004, US chemist, who worked on the compounds of boron. Nobel prize for chemistry 1979

James. 1933–2006, US soul singer and songwriter, noted for his dynamic stage performances and for his commitment to Black rights

John. 1800–59, US abolitionist leader, hanged after leading an unsuccessful rebellion of slaves at Harper's Ferry, Virginia

Lancelot, called Capability Brown. 1716–83, British landscape gardener

Michael (Stuart). born 1941, US physician: shared the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine (1985) for work on cholesterol

Robert. 1773–1858, Scottish botanist who was the first to observe the Brownian movement in fluids