单词	air
释义	air1 nounair2 verb airair1 /eə $ er/ ●●● S1 W1 noun Entry menu MENU FOR airair1 gas2 space above the ground3 planes4 be in the air5 appearance6 be up in the air7 be on/off (the) air8 music9 airs10 be walking/floating on air Word Origin WORD ORIGINair1 Origin: 1-7, 9 1200-1300 Old French, Latin aer, from Greek8 1500-1600 Probably a translation of Italian aria; ➔ ARIA Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES air pollution Alex stood shivering in the cold, damp air. Cars are a major cause of air pollution. Could you turn on the air? the clean air of the countryside EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS But gecko feet work in ionised air, which would cancel out the electrostatic effect. Gobbets of ice sliced through the air. He was uncoordinated, moving his arms through the air and pointing at nothing in particular. I say they curved through the air by 25 centimetres. Ice can crack off into the engine air intakes and cause them to shut down. Jennifer better make sure an air bag is handy. The weight of the air on top of the paper held it down with so much pressure that the stick broke. To his disappointment, Bessie and Edgebone were already sitting there enjoying the night air. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorthe air that we breathe► air the air that surrounds us, which we breathe in order to live: · Alex stood shivering in the cold, damp air.· the clean air of the countrysideair pollution: · Cars are a major cause of air pollution.in the air: · There was a strong smell of burning in the air. ► fresh air clean air that you get outdoors, considered to be more pleasant and healthy than air that you get inside buildings, in busy cities etc: · Open the window and let's get some fresh air in here!· I'm just going outside for a breath of fresh air.· Fresh air isn't necessarily better for you, but it will certainly make you feel better. when there is not enough fresh air► stuffy a room or building that is stuffy does not have enough fresh air, often because it is small or there are too many people in it: · The hotel room was hot and stuffy, and I woke up with a terrible headache.· It's getting stuffy in here -- shall I open the window?· I wish I could escape from this stuffy little office. ► airless a room or building that is airless feels like it does not have enough air in it for you to breathe properly: · The classroom was airless and uncomfortably hot. · Hales lived in a tiny, airless room with one small window that wouldn't open. ► stifling very hot and uncomfortable, and without enough air for you to breathe properly: · It was stifling in there; I was glad to get out.· The heat in the narrow packed streets was stifling.stifling hot: · The room was stifling hot. to let fresh air into a place► air British /air out American to let fresh air into a room or building, especially one that has been closed or not used for a while: · She was opening windows and shutters to air the empty rooms.· The bedrooms are aired and cleaned every morning.air out something/air something out: · I opened all the windows, hoping that I could air the place out before the guests came. ► ventilated : well/badly/poorly/adequately etc ventilated if a room or building is well ventilated , fresh air can come in and bad air, smoke etc can go out. If a room or building is badly ventilated , not enough fresh air can come in and bad air, smoke etc cannot go out : · Workrooms must be adequately ventilated by the circulation of fresh air.· Store the potatoes in a cool, dark, well-ventilated space.· Working in a poorly ventilated area will affect your health. to fill something with air► blow up to fill something with air or gas, for example a tyre or a balloon: blow up something/blow something up: · Come and help me blow up the balloons.· This tyre's really flat - could you blow it up for me? ► inflate formal if you inflate something such as a tyre or balloon or it inflates , you fill it with air: · Tyres should always be inflated to the correct pressure.· You can inflate the mattress in 30 seconds, using a foot pump.· Her life jacket failed to inflate. ► pump up to fill something with air using a pump (=a machine that forces air into something): pump up something/pump something up: · Your back tire was a little flat so I pumped it up. to let the air out of something► let the air out of British to let the air come out of something, for example a tyre or a balloon : · Lisa let the air out of the balloon. ► let down to deliberately let the air come out of something, especially a tyre: let something down: · Someone let the tires down on my bike!· The boys let his tyres down while he was in the headteacher's office. ► deflate if something filled with air deflates , the air comes out of it; if you deflate something, you let the air out of it: · The balloon gradually lost altitude as we deflated it and came in to land.· He woke up aching all over - somehow his airbed had deflated in the night and there was nothing to cushion him from the cold ground. to stop arguing► make up also make it up British especially spoken if two people who know each other well make up or make it up , they stop arguing and start being friendly to each other again: · I'm glad to see you two have made up.make up with: · Have you made it up with your sister yet? ► patch up your differences/settle your differences if two people or organizations patch up or settle their differences , they stop arguing and discuss things in a sensible way until they come to an agreement: · Their final attempt to settle their differences ended in disappointment and separation.patch up your differences/settle your differences with: · Gary's first priority on his return home was to patch up his differences with his sister. ► bury the hatchet to agree to stop arguing and forgive each other, especially a long time after you first had the argument: · It's about time they buried the hatchet after all these years.· Since those two buried the hatchet, life in the office has been much quieter. ► clear the air to talk calmly and seriously with someone about what you have been arguing about, in order to end the disagreement and feel better: · I think it's about time you called her to clear the air.· In an attempt to clear the air, Mills has planned a meeting with employees to discuss the issue. ► conciliatory behaving in a way that shows that you want to end an argument with someone: · The tone of my letter had been friendly and conciliatory, so I was disappointed by the cold reply I received.conciliatory gesture/message/tone etc: · American intelligence flights over Cuba had been stopped as a conciliatory gesture. ► reconciliation when two people, countries etc agree to stop arguing or fighting after a long period of disagreement, and have a friendly relationship again: · After years of fighting, there was now a spirit of national reconciliation in South Africa.reconciliation with: · Giles is not interested in a reconciliation with his father.reconciliation between: · A large group of demonstrators stayed up all night praying for reconciliation between the two countries. a long way above the ground► high · The shelf's too high for me to reach.· Cowles Mountain is the highest peak in the city of San Diego.· The plane flew higher to avoid the storm.high up · We stayed in a cabin high up in the mountains.· You're awfully high up there - be careful.high in/into/above · He let go and watched the balloon float high above the trees.· Lava from the volcano was sent high into the air. ► upper : upper room/floor/deck etc the highest room etc when there are two or more: · People had climbed into the upper branches of the tree to escape the rising waters.· Gunmen were firing machine guns from the upper floor of the hospital. ► up in/into the air a long way or to a long way above the ground without being on any surface: · The force of the explosion blew the boxes straight up into the air.· Once the plane is up in the air, I'll let you try using the controls.high up in the air: · The ride shot high up in the air and then plunged back down toward the earth. not inside a building► outside · When I woke up it was still dark outside.· It's such a nice day. Why don't you play outside?· Outside, joggers in shorts and t-shirts ran by. ► out : out in/under/there etc · Parents stood out in the rain waiting to collect their children from school.· We camped and slept out under the stars every night.· What's that dog doing out there in our yard? ► outdoors/out of doors not inside any buildings - use this especially to talk about pleasant or healthy things that you do outside: · We often eat outdoors on summer evenings.· Kids should spend as much time out of doors as possible.· Move the pots outdoors as soon as there is no more danger of frost. ► in the open air not inside a building, but outside where the air is fresh: · Mexicans traditionally dry chillies in the open air.out in the open air: · It was nice to be out in the open air after being stuck in the office all day. when a programme is broadcast on television or radio► be on if a programme is on , it is being broadcast and you can watch it on television or listen to it on the radio: · The Breakfast Show's on between 8 and 10 in the morning.· You shouldn't call him while the football's on.be on television/TV/the radio: · There's a good concert on the radio this evening.· What's on TV tonight? ► show if a television company shows a particular programme, it makes the programme available for people to watch: · Highlights of the game will be shown on Channel 5.· They're showing "Dangerous Liaisons" on Saturday night.· Should commercials be shown during children's programming? ► broadcast if a television or radio company broadcasts a programme, they send it out so that people can watch it on television or listen to it on the radio: · The funeral was broadcast to the whole nation.· Radio WXLM broadcasts on 98.2 FM.be broadcast live (=when an event is shown at the same time that it is happening): · The whole race will be broadcast live from Monza. ► televise to show a particular event, speech, discussion etc on television: · This year's championships are not going to be televised at all.· The mayor plans to televise council meetings on cable channels.· a nationally televised speech ► screen to show a programme or film on television - used especially in newspapers or in the television industry: · "Border War" is to be screened by Channel Four later on in the week.· The film was under attack before it was even screened. ► be on the air if a programme is on the air , it is being broadcast at that time, often at the same time that it is happening: · Someone called in while the programme was still on the air and identified the killer.· Winfrey revealed on the air that she had been sexually abused as a child.· The show was on the air for five years (=it was broadcast at a regular time for five years). different ways of travelling► drive to travel in a car: · "How are you going to get there?" "I'm driving."drive to/from: · Jenny drove to the coast for the weekend. ► fly to travel by plane: · My mother never liked flying.fly to/from etc: · We'll be flying from New York to Munich. ► sail to travel by boat or ship: · We sail first thing in the morningsail to/from: · He sailed from Southampton on May 6th. ► by car/boat/plane/train travelling in a car, boat, plane, or train: · "Did you come by car?" "No, by train."· Some of the beaches can only be reached by boat.· We didn't have much time, so we decided to go by plane. ► on foot if you go somewhere on foot , you walk there: · The two men had attempted to cross the mountains on foot. ► take if you take a train, bus, or plane, you travel in it: · What's the best way to get downtown? Should I take a bus?· Take the subway to Montgomery Station and walk from there. ► by air/by sea/by land if you travel by air , by sea , or by land you travel by plane, in a boat, or on land: · It's much quicker if you go by air, but it's also more expensive.· Troops entered the region by land and sea. ► overland by train, car, bus etc, especially over a long distance, when people would normally go by plane or ship: · It's certainly quicker to fly but we thought it would be more exciting to go overland. ► hitchhike/hitch also hitch a ride American to travel by standing by the side of the road asking people in cars to stop and take you to the place you want to go: · He lost all his money in a casino in Vegas and had to hitchhike back to San Francisco.· We hitched a ride with a trucker who took us all the way to the Virginia border.· It's a lot cheaper to hitch but it's also more dangerous. ► backpacking the activity of travelling independently to a lot of different areas, carrying your clothes etc in a special bag on your back: · Backpacking is especially popular among students and young people.· a backpacking tripgo backpacking: · Last year, he went backpacking in the US. something that you cannot be certain about► uncertain/not certain something that is uncertain , has not been definitely shown or decided: · The cause of the accident is uncertain.· Exactly how and when these plant species came to the Great Plains is not certain.it is uncertain whether/if: · It is still uncertain whether the conference will actually take place.it is uncertain how/why/when/that: · It's uncertain when the trial will begin.· It is not at all certain that Christopher Columbus was the first European to discover America. ► unclear/not clear a situation that is unclear , is one that people do not know enough or understand enough to be sure about it: · The causes of the dispute are not entirely clear.· At this hour, the fate of the passengers and crew is still unclear.it is unclear how/why/whether etc: · It isn't clear how the fire started.· It's not yet clear whether the disease is caused by a virus.· It was unclear when the two sides would meet again to discuss the budget.it is not clear that: · It's not clear that the problems with the new computer system have been worked out. ► be up in the air informal use this about something that is uncertain because a decision has not yet been made: · I might be going on a training course next week, but it's still up in the air.· They still haven't said if I've got the job -- it's all up in the air at the moment. ► there is uncertainty about/over something use this to say that people do not feel certain about what has happened or will happen, and are worried about it - used especially in newspapers and public speeches: · The Principal said there was uncertainty about the candidate's qualifications.· There is some uncertainty over where the refugees are going to be housed. done in a particular way► in a ... way/manner · She was looking at me in a very strange way.· The wedding ceremony was conducted in quite a formal manner. ► in a ... fashion formal if you do something in a particular fashion , you do it in a particular way: · There's no reason why we can't behave in a civilized fashion even though we're getting divorced. ► with : with enthusiasm/care/envy/delight etc enthusiastically, carefully etc: · A sign warned motorists to drive with care.· He has borne his illness with great courage.· They set about tackling the problem with a great deal of enthusiasm.· "My daughter's been selected for the Olympic team," she said, with understandable pride. ► like in a particular way: like this/that: · You mustn't talk to people like that - it's very rude.· They were all waving their arms around, like this.like somebody (=in the same way as someone): · He stood bolt upright, like a soldier.· He moves and talks just like his father. ► -style done or made in a way that is typical of a place, group of people etc - use this after another noun or adjective: · Although he was educated in India, he went to an English-style boarding school.· They live in a beautiful little country-style house on the edge of town.· He wore his gun at the hip, cowboy-style. ► along ... lines if something is done along particular lines , it is done in a way that is similar to the way you have mentioned: along socialist/military/institutional etc lines: · The school was run along almost military lines.along the same/similar lines: · We must have been thinking along the same lines, because we both said together, "Let's get out of here!" ► as if/as though in a way that seems to show that something has happened, something is true etc, even though this might not always be what has happened, what is true etc: · Dreen looked as if he'd seen a ghost.· She moved her legs slowly, as though in pain. ► with an air of formal in a particular way - used in literature: · The affair had been conducted with an air of mystery which he disliked.· Lila came out into the yard with an air of happy confidence. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYadjectives► fresh · She opened the window to let in some fresh air. ► clean · London’s air is cleaner than it has been at any time since 1585. ► warm/hot · Warm air rises and is replaced by cooler and denser air.· I felt a sudden rush of hot air. ► cool/cold · The air had turned a little cooler. ► crisp (=pleasantly cool)· the crisp autumn air ► clear · I looked up to the stars in the clear night air. ► damp/humid · Damp air causes condensation. ► polluted · The air in Mexico City is heavily polluted. ► stale (=not fresh and often full of smoke)· The room was full of stale air and tobacco smoke. ► the air is thin (=there is less oxygen because you are in a high place)· People cannot live up there because the air is too thin and there is not enough oxygen to breathe. ► the morning/evening/night air · He stepped out and breathed in the cold morning air. ► the sea/mountain/country air · the salty smell of the sea air ► the still air (=air in which there is no wind)· Smoke from the chimneys hung in the still air. air + NOUN► air pollution · Most air pollution is caused by cars. ► the air quality · The air quality is very poor on hot days. ► the air pressure · The air pressure had dropped. phrases► a breath of air · I went outside for a breath of air. ► a rush/blast/stream of air · There was a cold rush of air as she wound down her window. ► a current of air · The birds are able to glide on a current of warm air. verbs► breathe in the air · She breathed in the cool mountain air. ► fight/gasp for air (=try to breathe with difficulty)· He clutched his throat as he fought for air. ► let in some air (=let fresh air into a room)· It would be nice to open the door and let in some air. ► put air into something (=fill a tyre, balloon etc with air)· I need to put some air in the tyres. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► an air/bomb attack (=an attack from a plane using bombs)· Malta was under heavy air attack. ► have an air of authority approving (=look like you have authority, in a way that makes people obey you)· The commander had an unmistakeable air of authority. ► blast of ... air  A blast of cold air swept through the hut. ► breathe some air/the air · It was wonderful to be outside and breathe some fresh air. ► by air/sea/land/road/rail etc  All supplies are transported by air. ► chill in the air  There was a slight chill in the air. ► chilly wind/breeze/air etc ► an air-conditioned coach · Travel is by air-conditioned coach. ► air/aerial combat (=fighting in the air)· 30 enemy aircraft were destroyed in aerial combat. ► compressed air  The miners used rock drills and compressed air to drive through hard rock. ► an open-air/outdoor concert · Clapton thrilled fans at a huge outdoor concert in New York. ► a road/rail/air crash · There will be an investigation into the cause of the air crash. ► an airing cupboard British English (=a warm cupboard for sheets and towels) ► disappear into thin air (=completely)· The money he made has disappeared into thin air. ► an air/rail disaster (=an air or rail accident)· The crash was the worst rail disaster in Pakistan’s history. ► an air of excitement (=a general feeling of excitement among a group of people)· There was a real air of excitement before the game. ► bus/train/air/cab fare  Air fares have shot up by 20%. ► water/air/oil etc filter  a pond filter ► a sense/air of finality  The word ‘retirement’ has a terrible air of finality about it. ► air freight ... sea freight  We’ll send your personal belongings by air freight and your furniture by sea freight. ► gasp for air/breath  Brendan climbed slowly, gasping for breath. ► air your grievances (=tell people you think you have been treated unfairly)· These committees act as a forum for various groups to air their grievances. ► humid air/climate etc ► air/sense of menace  There was a sense of menace as the sky grew darker. ► mountain air · a walk in the clear mountain air ► an air of mystery (=something that seems mysterious)· There was an air of mystery about him. ► the night air · The night air was scented with jasmine. ► open to the sky/air/elements  Many of the tombs had been robbed and left open to the sky. ► air/environmental/water etc pollutants  New regulations will reduce hazardous air pollutants. ► polluted air/water/rivers etc  The project’s aim is to clean up polluted land. ► air pollution · Air pollution can cause breathing problems for some people. ► puff of smoke/wind/air/steam etc  The dragon disappeared in a puff of smoke. ► water/air/beer etc pump (=for moving water, air etc) ► air/water purifier ► water/air quality · Scientists took samples to test the water quality. ► an air raid (=when bombs are dropped from planes)· His parents were killed in an air raid. ► rush of air/wind/water  She felt a cold rush of air as she wound down her window. ► the sea air (=the air close to the sea)· He breathed in the fresh sea air. ► send something by post/sea/air etc  Monday is the last day to send cards by post to arrive by Christmas. ► serve in the army/air force/navy etc  He returned to Greece to serve in the army. ► air speed (=the speed of a plane in relation to the air around it) ► an air-conditioning system · The building hasn’t got an air-conditioning system. ► the air/water temperature · The water temperature should be between 60 and 65°F. ► throwing ... into the air  The bomb exploded, throwing bricks and debris into the air. ► an airline/plane/air ticket · You can pick up your airline tickets at the check-in desk. ► air transport · The air transport industry is presently going through a period of change. ► travel by train/car/air etc · Emily hated travelling by train. ► air travel · There has been a major increase in air travel during the last twenty years. ► vanished into thin air  She seemed to have just vanished into thin air (=suddenly disappeared in a very mysterious way). ► air vent  a blocked air vent ► waved ... in the air  He waved a hand in the air to attract her attention. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► clean · The measured seasonal variations of peroxide and ozone in clean air at Cape Grim during the experiment are contrasted in Fig. 4.· Environmentalists have spread the alarm about clean air and water.· There was that sudden, breathtaking chill of cold, clean air as you walked into the dome.· In hot weather, clean air conditioner filters.· Such procedures should aim to ensure efficient operation and the provision of fresh, clean air.· This was part of it: his new life would mean a slower pace, cleaner air, getting into shape.· Her hair flew out behind her, and the clean air struck her face.· When Abudah had made his way through this slimy cavern he emerged upon a mountain top in the clean air. ► clear · In the clear night air the sound of battle at the nearest of the gates was clearly audible.· The truck was grinding up the steep, dark road while I looked up to the stars in the clear alpine air.· Reaching starts are normally best managed with a timed approach. Clear air is nearly always of paramount importance.· Their voices rose, pure and distinct in the clear air as they laughed and shouted to each other.· Starboard gybe is obviously safer than port, and clear air is vital.· No hunting, shooting or fishing for them, but walking and gardening and breathing in the clear air.· He found the clear air and sparkling waters the perfect pick-me-up.· People's voices, exchanging Christmas greetings echoed on the clear air. ► cold · Everyone else had gone back out into the cold night air, except her three companions and the proprietor.· The snow felt good crunching under my boots, and the cold air invigorated me.· He stared mournfully at the bright strip which appeared to float in the cold air over the small table.· We were breathing fogs in the cold night air.· When the door opened a great smell of sweat and leather and stale cigar smoke rushed into the cold night air.· We gaze until the cold air makes our shivering unstoppable.· Convector models work by drawing in cold air which is then warmed in a convection-chamber.· The first truly cold air he has felt since arriving. ► cool · She felt a fleeting distant surprise as the cool night air whispered over her skin.· The leaves were radiant in the light, and the cool, sweet air touched the skin, exhilarating and chilly.· It dries flaky in the cool air of the cab.· As I step out the door, inhaling the cool air, I smell lightness and relief.· Feel the warm air as you breathe out and the cooler air as you breathe in.· The hot gas is pumped to a coil in the indoor unit where cooler indoor air is blown across the hot coils.· Damian Flint strode out into the cool night air.· With my hands I could still feel cool air coming in along almost all the cracks. ► free · Nothing can be finer for honest books than to stand unashamed and free to the air.· Passengers flying to Rio from other cities for the cruise will receive free round-trip economy air fare.· She dangled in free air, then was put down.· Try to find the maximum range of the device in free air. ► fresh · We need a breath of fresh air in school inspections.· In the fresh air I light my first cigar of the day, and break the match before I drop it.· They like open situations where fresh air can move through and circulate freely.· Rated R.. Waiting to Exhale A breath of fresh air.· You get virtually 1 8 no fresh air, nothing, you're just in the cells.· Remove excess hair around the ear canal, as this tend to collect wax and restrict fresh air.· This not being the case I have benefited much from the peace and quiet and from the fresh air.· She's a breath of fresh air for those stupid Lintons. ► hot · It burst out of the tunnel in a gale of hot air and shuddered to a halt.· The campaign for a deregulated electric utility industry, like a balloon, is filled with a lot of hot air.· As the hand was held on the blazing ring, the stench of burning flesh was clearly noticeable in the hot air.· Wyatt breathed in the hot humid air.· But nothing could have prepared me for the hydraulic blast of hot air that came as I stepped out.· As the hot cooking air was sucked through the window, the little kitchen grew cooler.· Yet the whole magazine is like this, an expensive, well-meaning, worthless blast of hot air.· Now that frenzied chorus of hot air is being used to try to whip up a hurricane designed to alter public opinion. ► open · Keep to work and sanity and open air - to the cheerful and the matter of fact side of things.· An 1874 picture by one Dudley P.. Flanders shows a circus performing in the open air in Tucson.· The two of them were sitting at a table in the open air.· It disperses rapidly in open air where levels are low.· Spend as much time as possible in the open air.· There were two more open airs during the week and somewhere in between all this activity the children had homework to complete.· Stepping high in the light gravity and brandishing the bag before her, she ploughed her way out into the open air.· After the singing of another hymn the congregation adjourned to the open air for the unveiling of the Memorial stones. ► thin · The beginner normally learns combination techniques by performing them against thin air.· One thing Galarraga should consider before he makes the move: The thin air in Denver has been good to him.· The interior was gloomy; tobacco smoke hung motionless in the thin air.· He was nestling within thin air and cinders.· Ran through the thin black air until she couldn't breathe.· The juice landed on the floor like a red bubbly snake, a bad omen suddenly materializing out of thin air.· Victor and his kidnappers had disappeared into thin air.· He found rhymes irresistible, and produced them out of thin air, just for the fun of it. ► warm · Black-headed gulls circled, spiralling skywards in a current of warm air.· Buffalo were tethered and breathed warm air into the night.· Jane's skin dried almost immediately in the warm, dusty air.· They stood there in a gush of warm air.· Her window was open and warm fresh air blew in her face and made her hair stream out behind.· The pollution is worst during winter, when thermal inversions trap the warmer polluted air above the city.· The weight of the glider and the woman slowed him down, but he could feel the warm air currents.· The warm summer air was clear, and the smoke could be clearly seen billowing straight up. NOUN► attack · Coming in the midst of a presidential campaign, the air attack has generated the inevitable political rhetoric, bombast and pressure.· The air attack occurred in August 1988 during a campaign against the Kurdish separatist movement.· He also underlines further the riskiness of the Yamamoto plan, pointing to the high vulnerability of carriers to air attack.· There were no trains and the roads were under constant air attack.· This was the possibility of a sneak enemy air attack on Tokyo, the capital of the Empire.· Meanwhile, the air attacks continue.· He will need to sell his candidacy and meet the Democratic air attack with regularly televised speeches from the Senate floor. ► balloon · The steel rope had to be used because a normal tight rope wouldn't keep taut between two unpredictable hot air balloons.· Read in studio A rather unusual hot air balloon has completed its maiden voyage.· Vologsky might as well try to take off and escape in a hot air balloon.· Is it not yet another of the Secretary of State's hot air balloons?· Read in studio Five hundred homes had their power supplies cut when a hot air balloon collided with high voltage cables.· Read in studio A world record has been set for tight rope walking between two hot air balloons. ► base · Fresh air bases were set up in Bank Mine and a team of brave and dedicated doctors went underground to assist.· Then I went to work at the Alameda naval air base, as a machinist's helper.· He had first caught sight of her riding in a ploughed field beyond the barbed wire perimeter of the air base.· Clinton said as rain pounded down at the air base, where he landed. ► conditioner · An air conditioner to maintain normal room temperature is advisable.· Bringing me glasses of cold nectar is what they would do, and cranking up the air conditioner.· They returned with a huge roll of green baize which was then gently placed on top of the groaning air conditioner.· In hot weather, clean air conditioner filters.· An air conditioner or at least a fan...· For one thing, the air conditioner in my hotel room is a bit balky.· Back inside his room, he turned on the overhead fan and the air conditioner.· Outside, over the low monotonous drone of the air conditioner, she could hear the mating call of a cricket. ► conditioning · The air conditioning was not yet in place.· Television broadcasting was to be reduced, as were air conditioning, street lighting and floodlit sports events.· Ask for the facts on electric air conditioning.· They incorporated all the Mark 3 features of air conditioning, insulation and good riding.· The products will be used in refrigeration systems in the food industry and in large air conditioning systems.· In all stores adequate ventilation should be provided as an aid to temperature control with mechanical air conditioning if needed.· The auto model costs £33,620 and gets air conditioning and a leather-trimmed cabin.· However, air conditioning is standard and there is electric adjustment for mirrors, windows and seats. ► crash · He lost his only son Jay, 26, in an air crash and his first wife Connie drowned in Antigua.· However, San Diego has only experienced one major air crash in its history.· It is now 33 years since the last major air crash in Ayrshire and we must pray that there is never another.· At the same time, the number of infants killed in commercial air crashes is extremely low.· There have been three elections since 1988 when General Zia ul Haq died in an unexplained air crash.· One ambulanceman compared the carnage to an air crash. ► fare · Perhaps he was going to touch me for the air fare home.· Not included: international air fare and port taxes.· With each call, the CalPIRG callers asked for the lowest possible air fare on a specific route for a specific date.· The service also can book air fare, ground transportation, lift tickets and more.· Cost: From $ 599 per person, double occupancy; not included is air fare to Miami.· Head whirling, she went into a travel agency and enquired the air fare to Toronto.· Q: Where can I find information on the lowest commercial air fares? ► force · The procession was one of sombre colours, khaki and air force blue predominating.· The air force general leading the mutineers refused to give up control of the base even as the seige of Makati ended.· The church is full of exquisite works of craftmanship which have been donated by individuals and by air forces.· The installed heron is already banking away on invisible air forces, away from the mayhem.· Meanwhile the air force continued bombing Tiger positions on the peninsula.· Mrs Major emerged from the plane at Andrews air force base looking pale and drawn. ► hostess · Beryl was an air hostess belonging to a rival airline he had met at the John F. Kennedy Airport.· Finally, I offered to become an air hostess to pay my way, and this time, received an immediate reply.· As she might have expected, it was almost empty, except for an air hostess sitting on the toilet, smoking.· Carl looked up and saw the young air hostess staring at them.· When Kylie returns as an air hostess for Spinning, the world suddenly seems perfect again.· She told Nigel proudly that Alison could have been anything she wanted, even an air hostess.· We are not told how these risks compare with, say, working as an air hostess, or as a policewoman.· But he is found by the air hostess and bustled on board. ► night · In the clear night air the sound of battle at the nearest of the gates was clearly audible.· The night air helped my wits.· She felt a fleeting distant surprise as the cool night air whispered over her skin.· We were breathing fogs in the cold night air.· She shivered in the hostile, cold night air.· The ambulance was already gone, but patrol cars were still there, radios squawking in the night air.· The night air was fresh, washed by the storm into a cool clarity.· Induk said, exhaling, dispersing my ashes like pollen into the night air. ► pollution · He said the buses would cut air pollution and reduce sheep deaths from accidents with cars.· Similar human error surfaces in other air pollution disasters such as at Seveso and Bhopal.· A scientist does experi merits, and no experiment I have ever done proves that air pollution is hurting those trees.· By last year the crisis had reached such proportions that Southern California introduced radical new regulations to control air pollution.· In addition to air pollution concerns, the opponents don't want the courts raised above ground.· It is not unusual to find that countries adopt the best parts of both strategies in order to tackle air pollution problems.· Cars and industry in El Paso contribute to the air pollution, of course. ► power · Government air power has prevented the rebels from attacking N'Djamena directly.· Robert sat nearby doing a term paper on the history of air power.· Or does the environment lend itself to the air power and precision-guided missiles of a Steve Forbes?· But the escalating crisis may now force Western leaders to use military air power to protect relief efforts.· Strategic air power had all but won the Second World War.· Billing was quick to see the military significance of air power, and this gave purpose to an otherwise chaotic life. ► quality · In water quality and air quality, Texas has the worst record of any big state.· It also changed the monitoring period for ozone to better reflect actual air quality.· At one extreme lies the Soviet Union which has over 100 national air quality standards and few emission standards.· He responded with courage and knocked back the load of special interests trying to weaken efforts to improve air quality.· Studies of air quality show that pollutants like car exhaust fumes can add to their suffering, especially during hot weather.· The maker of air quality detectors is expected to appoint Steward Somers chief financial officer.· The emission charge may have to be continually adjusted until the air quality which society deems acceptable has been achieved.· The air quality impact of conversion from oil to gas-coal is examined. ► raid · Then the anti-aircraft guns opened up, firing into the air against an imagined air raid.· There were occasional air raids on Calcutta.· In 1916, a special committee produced its recommendations for the precautions to be taken in the event of an air raid.· During grammar school, I faint every time we have an air raid drill.· Equipment was possibly used to trigger air raid sirens during the Second World War.· The United States reacted to the air raids by ordering an aircraft carrier to the gulf.· The success of their final run depended on a diversionary air raid.· A strict blackout was imposed in Pyongyang, and the populace was crowded into underground shelters as air raid sirens wailed. ► sea · After the stale fug in the tiny cabin, she gulped down the clean sea air, the car window wide open.· He gave me to understand that the bamboo beetle would soon be killed off by the sea air.· Hunger and a need for sea air drove Ruth down to the Puerto de Pollensa.· Nothing ever really dried out now that it was so thoroughly impregnated by salt sea air.· Near the coast also the sea air reduces the cold of late winter and spring.· A few days of sea air would not hurt them.· Swore the sea air was doing his health good.· That was back when our unofficial city aroma was strong coffee and sea air, not urine. ► strike · The effects of the artillery bombardment and the air strikes had been devastating.· When we decided we had them pinned down, they called in an air strike.· If air strikes are launched, what will become of them?· There were many choices available, including continued air strikes, further ground attacks and increased special warfare actions.· The streets of Baghdad functioned as normal Saturday, but people expressed fear of more air strikes.· They called in air strikes all around us.· We finally rescued our wounded, and, with the artillery still pounding, we called in for an air strike.· Normally, an air strike, for all of its apparent fury, accomplished little or nothing. ► temperature · The snow may crust at night, due to outward radiation, even thought the air temperature remains well above freezing point.· It is calculated using rainfall averages and monthly mean surface and air temperatures.· June Brilliant sun, warm seas, pleasant air temperatures, warm nights.· The outside air temperature was above minimum, but I switched on the engine anti-ice anyway, just to be sure.· Similar air temperatures are observed today in geographically equivalent temperate high latitudes.· The water in the aquarium will quickly equal the ambient air temperature.· Once air temperatures have fallen well below freezing point, frozen spray accumulates along the shore.· The outside air temperature gauge proved very accurate - immediately we entered the red we started to collect ice. ► time · Cable companies stopped selling air time.· The dark side gets plenty of air time as it is.· Cylinder pressure, air time remaining at current depth, and remaining no-stop time are continuously updated.· The air time is sold by broadcast bottom feeders who could care less about anything beyond profit margins.· If the remaining air time is less than the no-stop time required, the cylinder content display flashes air time.· To qualify for air time, volunteers for a particular candidate would have to collect a certain number of voter signatures.· That means minimum air time, but maximum ground time. ► traffic · We've got air traffic on to it.· And the air traffic controllers and pilots on board asked for autographs.· They included warning local air traffic control and having hundreds of gallons of water and pumps standing by in case of accident.· Denver said, waiting for air traffic controllers to confirm they could trace his signal.· I would have needed an air traffic control centre to keep track of where everyone was at any given moment.· The center handling air traffic in Washington and Oregon, near Auburn, Wash., was operating on backup power.· She could see a highwire directly overhead, above that, air traffic, and beyond--.· The Federal Aviation Administration is also notified to ensure that there is no conflict with civilian air traffic, she said. ► transport · Shipping, air transport, telephone and telegraph generally follow these routes.· Suddenly, it was three years later and he was being carried off an Army Medical Corps Hercules air transport.· For the more serious cases, there was air transport direct to base hospital, possibly hundreds of miles to the rear.· Partly Competitive/Partly Regulated Industries Examples of this kind of industry are oil, aerospace, and air transport.· The burgeoning air transport industry is presenting huge opportunities for enterprise.· Its basic objective was to stimulate the regularity and safety of international air transport.· On 14 December 1987 the Council adopted a further Regulation applying the competition rules to international air transport between community airports. ► travel · The major increase was in air travel.· No effort was spared to make air travel seem like ocean voyaging or traveling by train.· So was Laker's concept of cheap but regular air travel.· Most forecasts suggest that air travel will continue to grow at a little over 5 percent a year.· Once, this was difficult to cross; then, railways spanned it; now, air travel virtually ignores it.· Because of this, air travel to deal with the social aspects of human interactions will be more frequent.· The new offering, called the AAsset Card, will allow charges other than air travel. VERB► breathe · Stretcher-bearers pushed past Jack as he stood blinking at the top of the tunnel, breathing the damp air.· I like to go walking in the woods just to breathe the air.· Whales, like all mammals, breathe air and give milk.· I breathe, sucking air while circling left.· The bichir and other primitive freshwater fish have a pouch opening from the gut to enable them to breathe air.· Residents of the two cities breathe the same polluted air.· No hunting, shooting or fishing for them, but walking and gardening and breathing in the clear air.· We all breathe the same air. ► fill · In the evening they can take on a luminous glow and fill the air with perfume.· A cacophony of violins, clarinets and trumpets fills the air.· I took a few paces towards her, filling the air with the sweet music of my song.· But there is another way to make it float, which is to fill it with hot air.· The smell of couscous and other grain which filled the air constantly reminded me of my own situation.· Our cassoulets arrive in porcelain pots, filling the air with a wonderful aroma.· I knew from the thick fragrance that filled the air that it was Mrs. Constantine.· As the wait grew longer and the day nearer, expectation filled the air. ► float · He stared mournfully at the bright strip which appeared to float in the cold air over the small table.· The question floats there in the air.· It's just floating there in the air!· They floated, their internal air chambers were dry, and they retained their strength.· And he's never happier than when he's falling flying, floating through the air.· Scarlet fever, mumps, chicken pox, and whooping cough floated in the air.· She felt as though she was floating on air.· Such a person lived and, in a sense floated on the air, without a solid foundation. ► fly · A piece of scalp flew yards through the air.· First a student hit the stick and it flew up in the air.· I managed to roll clear just as it flew off into the air, never to be seen again.· First, there was the Gorilla, flying through the air on a rope suspended from the ceiling before the game started.· For once he allowed the cork to fly high into the air.· Streamers flew through the air, revellers contorted to the music.· First, Hermes' winged sandals, for flying through the air. ► gasp · But with an hour gone and Ulster 25-24 ahead, Saracens were gasping for air in this Heineken Cup match.· But the poor paunchy guy had been stuffed into a jumpsuit from which he seemed to gasp for air.· Once back outside in the Berlin night, Harry gasped for air.· I gasped air and saw the bright crimson of my skinned knuckles.· The instructor must have heard my screams as I felt myself being dragged out as I gasped for air.· And suddenly he needed those jewels the way a drowning man gasps for air.· She was gasping for air, then her throat seized closed and she fainted.· Soon they were both holding their stomachs, gasping for air. ► hang · The stink of hops hanging in the air, wafted over from Wandsworth breweries.· He let those comments hang in the air for a moment, and we drove on quietly.· The rest is a dark drift of smouldering purple, hanging in the air like smoke from a pyre of burning shoe-gazers.· It yelled, and within five minutes, I saw four other ravens hanging in the air above me.· Row after row of different artifacts, with mystical banners hanging in the still air.· Everywhere an unspoken question seemed to hang heavily in the air: Would we have been better off without Home Rule?· Smell it hanging in the air, Feel it on everything you touch. ► pollute · Cigarette smokers pollute the air for other people but take no account of this in deciding how much to smoke.· Residents of the two cities breathe the same polluted air.· Short-term measurements were carried out in the drivers' breathing zones by drawing polluted air through a charcoal tube during unloading.· Paints traditionally were made with volatile organic compounds, which can pollute indoor and outdoor air. ► throw · We shall not be throwing everything into the air and rewriting systems that already work satisfactorily.· The elaborate nets thrown out by air proved far too porous to trap major enemy units.· It shows a small girl with her arms thrown up in the air.· That car was thrown into the air and landed on the next car in line, killing Waltrick.· A single shoe is thrown into the air.· The same blast threw me in the air.· Before Mungo and Emily could focus on it, Vic made as if to throw it into the air.· I saw them amid showers of the brilliant, multicolored dust that was thrown into the air. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► be up in the air I might be going on a training course next week, but it's still up in the air. Our trip to Orlando is still up in the air. They still haven't said if I've got the job -- it's all up in the air at the moment. But they were up in the air, and they were moving. If I don't work to a routine then I feel everything is up in the air! It was wonderful to be up in the air and to feel the air swishing past his face. When he was up in the air he was engaged, his spirits prospered and his intellect was keener than a needle. ► be on/off (the) air We'll be on air in about three minutes. Broadcasting via a system of street loudspeakers the radio is on the air for three hours each Sunday. By this standard, half the sitcoms would be off the air. Gillroy could no longer raise Darwin, and Koepang seemed to be off the air. If left-wing radio talk show hosts got higher ratings, the right-wing hosts would be off the air. Ministers that were on the air selling prayer cloths. Sue was talking as they went, describing the scene, and Kathleen realised they were on air live again. The Channel 5 licence is expected to be awarded in early November and be on air at the latest in 1995. They're under a lot of pressure because they have to be on air 24 hours. ► airs► be walking/floating on air Martha felt that she was walking on air and when she entered the kitchen, Annie looked up. She felt as though she was floating on air. ► the air► by air It's actually less expensive to go by air to San Francisco. ► be in the air And something else was in the air. He is in the Air Force. Maybe a truce is in the air. So in a very short time we were in the air. The smell of Dada's cut grass was in the air. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► road-rage/air-rage etc► assume a manner/air/expression etc No wonder the technique assumed an air of planet-wide importance. Oliver assumed an expression of extreme penitence. The only thing she could do was to assume an air of indifference. ► keep several/too many etc balls in the air► water-borne/sea-borne/air-borne etc► a breath of air/wind Scarcely a breath of air disturbed the stillness of the day. It had been a very cold but bright morning, without a breath of wind. Not a breath of air disturbs the tranquil spectacle. Ramsey presumably leant out for a breath of air. The moon was hidden under a veil of clouds, and there was not a breath of wind. There was complete silence and not even a breath of wind disturbed the peace. There was not a breath of wind blowing, and not a leaf or blade of grass stirred. There was scarcely a breath of wind. ► a breath of fresh air I'm going outside for a breath of fresh air. Moving to this big apartment was like a breath of fresh air. As I say, we must introduce a breath of fresh air into the inspection system. Comes to corner of the street for a breath of fresh air. His condition is fine and he went out for a breath of fresh air. Lawrence has proved a master of communication and a breath of fresh air to North-East sportswriters. Steve Forbes is a breath of fresh air to the process. Undoubtedly to the disappointment of the leakers, Inman came through the whole affair like a breath of fresh air. We need a breath of fresh air in school inspections. You really want to turn around and get a breath of fresh air. ► castles in the air Hugh Bawn's high-tech castles in the air. That, says McKinsey, is because they spend money where it is needed rather than on grand castles in the air. ► clear the air I think it's about time you called her to clear the air. In an attempt to clear the air, Mills has planned a meeting with employees to discuss the issue. The White House hopes that the investigation will clear the air. Allen, to clear the air, decided to host a debate for three thousand people at Bethel. But he thinks, in present circumstances, that a straight forward test provides the best way of clearing the air. He even met with the Anti-Defamation League to try and clear the air of misunderstandings. It would be good to clear the air, but she hoped it would hold off until after the party. Offer to talk then and there to clear the air. Secondly, until you clear the air with this person, you will continue to feel uncomfortable. The Minister is mumbling - I hope that he will get up and clear the air. To help clear the air, Mills is expected to meet with PacTel staffers in two weeks to discuss the issue. ► cleave the air/darkness etc► television/sports/fresh-air etc fiend► fresh air Fresh air isn't necessarily better for you, but it will certainly make you feel better. I'm just going outside for a breath of fresh air. I leave the window open at night to get some fresh air. Let's go outside and get some fresh air. Open the window and let's get some fresh air in here! By then I had stepped outside to get some fresh air, away from the stifling smoke and heat of the temple. Feeling in dire need of fresh air, Ellie went outside into the grounds. Filmer could go in and out of the Westin without a sniff of fresh air, and probably had. He bad to sit in his beret and coat, for she needed fresh air. He talked about fresh air and fresh starts. Remove excess hair around the ear canal, as this tend to collect wax and restrict fresh air. Too diluted by the fresh air. Undoubtedly to the disappointment of the leakers, Inman came through the whole affair like a breath of fresh air. ► be gulping for air I am gulping for air, and sobbing. ► leave something hanging in the air► you could cut the atmosphere/air/tension with a knife► a martyred look/expression/air etc He did not reply, but got into the car glumly, with a martyred air. ► a nip in the air► with your nose in the air She just walked past with her nose in the air. Standing with their noses in the air. ► the open air An 1874 picture by one Dudley P.. Flanders shows a circus performing in the open air in Tucson. Discomfort in the open air was far preferable to him. For example in the open air or where a temporary problem necessitates urgent remedy. Generally the passengers camped and sat out in the open air. It sometimes comes on in the open air. Some continued to preach in the open air, in streets or in the fields. The two of them were sitting at a table in the open air. The world, her world, no longer accommodated pleasure parties in the open air. ► pluck something out of the air► air/sea power The outcome will be decided by air power. But the escalating crisis may now force Western leaders to use military air power to protect relief efforts. For Mahan sea power was critical, for Mackinder a particular land mass. Government air power has prevented the rebels from attacking N'Djamena directly. Robert sat nearby doing a term paper on the history of air power. Strategic air power had all but won the Second World War. The cheapest and simplest method will be the air powered sponge filter. The most difficult strategic question was whether sea power was any longer the foundation upon which the Three Pillars could continue to stand. ► punch the air A small cheer emerged from behind and I punched the air with delight. Balvinder jumped up and down, punched the air, then promptly confronted the man with whom he had made the bet. Caballeros punched the air with the exultation of victory. I felt marvellous and punched the air. Men's fists punched the air, brandishing flagons of beer. Sharpe saw the blossoming smoke a fraction before the sound punched the air. Then he plunged in, and when he saw he was correct, punched the air with a raised left hand. When we left the meeting, I should have been punching the air with joy. ► wind/air/water resistance A 3-phase 15° step-angle variable-reluctance motor has a rated phase current 01 2.0A and a phase winding resistance of 5.0 ohms. A car that squats low meets less wind resistance. If you want to lower the wind resistance on a car body how low do you want to get it? Naturally the water resistance was less, but modern tanning processes have improved leathers considerably. The actual path taken by the orbiter is complex and designed to minimize the effect of air resistance on the craft. This holds precisely because all objects fall at the same speed under gravity. Air resistance is being ignored here. ► disappear/vanish into thin air As happened during and after the first war of independence, the money has disappeared into thin air. It was almost as if he'd vanished into thin air. Maybe each and every one of them had vanished into thin air. The Cheshire cat is an odd character and he causes confusion when he literally disappears into thin air. The money which has suddenly and mysteriously become available simply vanishes into thin air as Ruggiero Miletti magically reappears. Victor and his kidnappers had disappeared into thin air. Yet he seemed to disappear into thin air. You can tell these mysterious trails were not made yesterday, because of the way they seem to disappear into thin air. ► out of thin air He found rhymes irresistible, and produced them out of thin air, just for the fun of it. Ray picks a number out of thin air -- generally below wholesale -- and the deal is done. The juice landed on the floor like a red bubbly snake, a bad omen suddenly materializing out of thin air. ► be walking on air On my first day, I earned $190, and I was walking on air. Martha felt that she was walking on air and when she entered the kitchen, Annie looked up. She felt as though she was walking on air. 1gas [uncountable] the mixture of gases around the Earth, that we breathe:  Let’s go outside and get some fresh air. You need to put some air in the tyres.in the air There was a strong smell of burning in the air. → a breath of fresh air at breath(2)2space above the ground the air the space above the ground or around thingsinto the air Flames leapt into the air.through the air He fell 2,000 metres through the air without a parachute.3planes a)by air travelling by, or using, a plane:  I’d prefer to travel by air. b)relating to or involving planes:  the victims of Britain’s worst air disaster Air travel was growing rapidly. air traffic congestion His brother died in an air crash.4be in the air a)if a feeling is in the air, a lot of people feel it at the same time:  There was a sense of excitement in the air. b)to be going to happen very soon:  Change is in the air.5appearance [singular] if something or someone has an air of confidence, mystery etc, they seem confident, mysterious etcair of She had an air of quiet confidence. She looked at him with a determined air.6be up in the air if something is up in the air, no decision has been made about it yet:  Our trip is still very much up in the air.7be on/off (the) air to be broadcasting on the radio or television at the present moment, or to stop broadcasting:  We’ll be on air in three minutes.8music [countable] a simple tune, often used in the title of a piece of classical music9airs [plural] a way of behaving that shows someone thinks they are more important than they really areput on airs/give yourself airs Trudy is always putting on airs. an actor with no airs and graces10be walking/floating on air to feel very happy → hot air, on-air, → clear the air at clear2(15), → disappear/vanish into thin air at thin1(15), → out of thin air at thin1(16)GRAMMAR: Patterns with airin the air• You say that something is in the air: · The plane was in the air.· Put your hands in the air! ✗Don’t say: The plane was on the air.into the air• You say that something goes up into the air: · The plane went up into the air.on the air• You say that a TV or radio programme is on the air or on air (=it is broadcast): · The show has been on the air for over 30 years.COLLOCATIONSadjectivesfresh· She opened the window to let in some fresh air.clean· London’s air is cleaner than it has been at any time since 1585.warm/hot· Warm air rises and is replaced by cooler and denser air.· I felt a sudden rush of hot air.cool/cold· The air had turned a little cooler.crisp (=pleasantly cool)· the crisp autumn airclear· I looked up to the stars in the clear night air.damp/humid· Damp air causes condensation.polluted· The air in Mexico City is heavily polluted.stale (=not fresh and often full of smoke)· The room was full of stale air and tobacco smoke.the air is thin (=there is less oxygen because you are in a high place)· People cannot live up there because the air is too thin and there is not enough oxygen to breathe.the morning/evening/night air· He stepped out and breathed in the cold morning air.the sea/mountain/country air· the salty smell of the sea airthe still air (=air in which there is no wind)· Smoke from the chimneys hung in the still air.air + NOUNair pollution· Most air pollution is caused by cars.the air quality· The air quality is very poor on hot days.the air pressure· The air pressure had dropped.phrasesa breath of air· I went outside for a breath of air.a rush/blast/stream of air· There was a cold rush of air as she wound down her window.a current of air· The birds are able to glide on a current of warm air.verbsbreathe in the air· She breathed in the cool mountain air.fight/gasp for air (=try to breathe with difficulty)· He clutched his throat as he fought for air.let in some air (=let fresh air into a room)· It would be nice to open the door and let in some air.put air into something (=fill a tyre, balloon etc with air)· I need to put some air in the tyres. air1 nounair2 verb airair2 ●○○ verb Entry menu MENU FOR airair1 opinion2 tv/radio3 room4 clothes Verb Table VERB TABLE air Simple Form Present I, you, we, they air he, she, it airs Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they aired Present perfect I, you, we, they have aired he, she, it has aired Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had aired Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will air Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have aired Continuous Form Present I am airing he, she, it is airing you, we, they are airing Past I, he, she, it was airing you, we, they were airing Present perfect I, you, we, they have been airing he, she, it has been airing Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been airing Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be airing Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been airing Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES I hung the blankets on the clothesline to air them out. Stahl's report is scheduled to air tonight after the news. The newsconference will be aired live at 7 p.m. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Concerns that were aired by many transit executives last month were just a big bureaucratic misunderstanding, says Rep. He talked about events in the Middle Ages as if they'd happened-yesterday and been fully aired on the nine o'clock news. It had probably been the only one aired and ready for the unexpected guest this morning. So far, only Black Entertainment Television has accepted and aired the 60-second ads. The music that's finally being aired, fifty years on. Voters deserve an opportunity to hear unpleasant alternatives fully debated and aired. Thesaurus THESAURUSto say something► say to tell someone something, using words: · ‘I really ought to go,’ she said.· Lauren said she’d probably be late. ► state to say something, especially in a definite or formal way – used in official contexts: · The witness stated that he had never seen the woman before.· Please state your name and address. ► announce to publicly tell people about something: · The chairman announced his resignation.· The results will be announced tomorrow.· We will announce the winners next Sunday.· They were announcing the train times over the loudspeaker system. ► declare to say something very firmly: · ‘My personal life is none of your business,’ she declared. ► mention to talk about someone or something, especially without giving many details: · Did Tom mention anything about what happened at school?· Your name was mentioned! ► express to let someone know your feelings by putting them into words: · Young children often find it difficult to express their emotions. ► comment to say what your opinion is about someone or something: · The prime minister was asked to comment on the crisis. ► note/remark formal to say that you have noticed that something is true – used especially in formal writing: · We have already noted that most old people live alone.· Someone once remarked that the problem with computers is that they only give you answers. ► add to say something more, after what has already been said: · He added that he thought it could be done fairly cheaply. ► point out to mention something that seems particularly important or relevant: · Dr Graham points out that most children show some signs of abnormal behaviour.· It’s worth pointing out that few people actually die of this disease. ► air to talk about your opinions, worries, or the things you disagree about: air your views/grievances/differences: · The programme will give listeners the chance to air their views about immigration.· Workers were able to air their grievances. ► voice to talk publicly about your feelings or about whether you approve or disapprove of something formal: voice concern/support/doubt/fears etc: · The president has already voiced his support for the proposal.· She voiced concern for the safety of the hostages. Longman Language Activatorthe air that we breathe► air the air that surrounds us, which we breathe in order to live: · Alex stood shivering in the cold, damp air.· the clean air of the countrysideair pollution: · Cars are a major cause of air pollution.in the air: · There was a strong smell of burning in the air. ► fresh air clean air that you get outdoors, considered to be more pleasant and healthy than air that you get inside buildings, in busy cities etc: · Open the window and let's get some fresh air in here!· I'm just going outside for a breath of fresh air.· Fresh air isn't necessarily better for you, but it will certainly make you feel better. when there is not enough fresh air► stuffy a room or building that is stuffy does not have enough fresh air, often because it is small or there are too many people in it: · The hotel room was hot and stuffy, and I woke up with a terrible headache.· It's getting stuffy in here -- shall I open the window?· I wish I could escape from this stuffy little office. ► airless a room or building that is airless feels like it does not have enough air in it for you to breathe properly: · The classroom was airless and uncomfortably hot. · Hales lived in a tiny, airless room with one small window that wouldn't open. ► stifling very hot and uncomfortable, and without enough air for you to breathe properly: · It was stifling in there; I was glad to get out.· The heat in the narrow packed streets was stifling.stifling hot: · The room was stifling hot. to let fresh air into a place► air British /air out American to let fresh air into a room or building, especially one that has been closed or not used for a while: · She was opening windows and shutters to air the empty rooms.· The bedrooms are aired and cleaned every morning.air out something/air something out: · I opened all the windows, hoping that I could air the place out before the guests came. ► ventilated : well/badly/poorly/adequately etc ventilated if a room or building is well ventilated , fresh air can come in and bad air, smoke etc can go out. If a room or building is badly ventilated , not enough fresh air can come in and bad air, smoke etc cannot go out : · Workrooms must be adequately ventilated by the circulation of fresh air.· Store the potatoes in a cool, dark, well-ventilated space.· Working in a poorly ventilated area will affect your health. to fill something with air► blow up to fill something with air or gas, for example a tyre or a balloon: blow up something/blow something up: · Come and help me blow up the balloons.· This tyre's really flat - could you blow it up for me? ► inflate formal if you inflate something such as a tyre or balloon or it inflates , you fill it with air: · Tyres should always be inflated to the correct pressure.· You can inflate the mattress in 30 seconds, using a foot pump.· Her life jacket failed to inflate. ► pump up to fill something with air using a pump (=a machine that forces air into something): pump up something/pump something up: · Your back tire was a little flat so I pumped it up. to let the air out of something► let the air out of British to let the air come out of something, for example a tyre or a balloon : · Lisa let the air out of the balloon. ► let down to deliberately let the air come out of something, especially a tyre: let something down: · Someone let the tires down on my bike!· The boys let his tyres down while he was in the headteacher's office. ► deflate if something filled with air deflates , the air comes out of it; if you deflate something, you let the air out of it: · The balloon gradually lost altitude as we deflated it and came in to land.· He woke up aching all over - somehow his airbed had deflated in the night and there was nothing to cushion him from the cold ground. used by or connected with the army, navy etc► military used by or connected with the army, navy, or airforce, especially the army: · The President visited a military cemetery at Bitburg.· China reportedly planned to sell military equipment to Saudi Arabia.· Peres said the military campaign would last as long as it took to secure the country's northern border. ► army connected with or used by the army: · There's an American army base nearby.· An army jeep was parked outside their house.· Army officers have overthrown the government in a well planned coup d'état. ► naval connected with or used by the navy: · His orders were to protect the port from naval attack.· a huge Chinese naval base· Stedman spent nine months recovering in a naval hospital. ► air connected with or used by the airforce: · The island's defences have been badly damaged by recent air attacks.· Ground forces will be backed up by NATO air power. to say that you are annoyed or not satisfied about something► complain to say that you are annoyed and not satisfied about something or someone: · We had to remove the advertisement because so many people complained.· Residents are complaining because traffic in the area has increased.complain about: · Their neighbours complained about their constant loud music.complain that: · Jenny's always complaining that her boss gives her too much work.complain to: · If the hotel isn't satisfactory, you should complain to the Tourist Office.constantly complain: · He constantly complains about how he's treated at work.complain bitterly (=complain very strongly): · Workers who had lost their jobs complained bitterly about the way they had been treated. ► make a complaint to formally complain about something to someone in authority: · Write to this address if you wish to make a complaint.make a complaint to: · Parents made a complaint to the principal about bullying in the school. ► lodge a complaint British /file a complaint American to make an official complaint, usually in writing, to someone in authority: · She went to the city council and lodged a complaint.lodge a complaint with: · The company said it plans to file a complaint with the International Trade Commission.lodge a complaint against: · Conyers said she had been blocked from promotion after filing a complaint against a male co-worker. ► protest to complain about something, especially publicly or officially, because you are annoyed or think it is unfair: · He was carried away in a police van, protesting loudly.protest about: · Passengers protested angrily about increased rail fares.protest to: · The journalists have protested to government officials about the way they were treated.protest (that): · Dan protested it wasn't him who had caused the problems.protest your innocence (=say that you are innocent): · Mills, who has been in prison since 1987, has always protested his innocence. ► object to say that you do not agree with something or you do not approve of it, because it annoys you or offends you: · "My name's not Sonny," the child objected.object to: · Does anyone object to these proposals?object if: · Will she object if I use her laptop? ► take it up with/take the matter up with to speak or write to someone in authority complaining about something: · I told her she should take it up with her local council.· Alton said he was prepared to take the matter up with the Ministry of Health if necessary. ► air your grievances to talk about the things you are unhappy or annoyed about, especially in public to people in authority so that they can do something about them: · The meeting gave employees an opportunity to air their grievances.· The uprising at Southport prison ended after inmates were allowed to air their grievances to the media. to say clearly what your opinion is► say what you think · She usually says what she thinks even if it offends her political colleagues.say what you think about/of · I'll make a few suggestions, and the rest of you can say what you think about them. ► speak your mind to say what you think, even though what you say might upset or offend other people: · She's very direct and believes in speaking her mind.· We thought that the process of filming might stop people from speaking their minds. ► air your views to say publicly what you think about something important, especially in a situation where it can be discussed: · Every Friday there is a meeting at the factory where the workers can air their views and discuss problems.· For a long time citizens were denied the right to air their views fully or to hold public debates. ► have your say to be allowed to say what you think about something, for example in a meeting or among a group of people: · You've had your say -- now let someone else speak.have your say about: · At a public meeting yesterday, environmentalists were finally permitted to have their say about the future of the ancient forest. ► argue to state, giving clear reasons, that something is true, should be done etc, although other people are disagreeing with you: argue that: · She argued that taxes must be increased to pay for public services.· Film makers themselves would no doubt argue that their films do not influence people's behaviour.argue for (=argue that something should be done): · He argued for changes to the tax system so that it assisted people who undertook training.argue against (=argue that something should not be done): · Senator Harvey argued strongly against taking any form of military action. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► air your views/grievances/complaints etc  Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► an air/bomb attack (=an attack from a plane using bombs)· Malta was under heavy air attack. ► have an air of authority approving (=look like you have authority, in a way that makes people obey you)· The commander had an unmistakeable air of authority. ► blast of ... air  A blast of cold air swept through the hut. ► breathe some air/the air · It was wonderful to be outside and breathe some fresh air. ► by air/sea/land/road/rail etc  All supplies are transported by air. ► chill in the air  There was a slight chill in the air. ► chilly wind/breeze/air etc ► an air-conditioned coach · Travel is by air-conditioned coach. ► air/aerial combat (=fighting in the air)· 30 enemy aircraft were destroyed in aerial combat. ► compressed air  The miners used rock drills and compressed air to drive through hard rock. ► an open-air/outdoor concert · Clapton thrilled fans at a huge outdoor concert in New York. ► a road/rail/air crash · There will be an investigation into the cause of the air crash. ► an airing cupboard British English (=a warm cupboard for sheets and towels) ► disappear into thin air (=completely)· The money he made has disappeared into thin air. ► an air/rail disaster (=an air or rail accident)· The crash was the worst rail disaster in Pakistan’s history. ► an air of excitement (=a general feeling of excitement among a group of people)· There was a real air of excitement before the game. ► bus/train/air/cab fare  Air fares have shot up by 20%. ► water/air/oil etc filter  a pond filter ► a sense/air of finality  The word ‘retirement’ has a terrible air of finality about it. ► air freight ... sea freight  We’ll send your personal belongings by air freight and your furniture by sea freight. ► gasp for air/breath  Brendan climbed slowly, gasping for breath. ► air your grievances (=tell people you think you have been treated unfairly)· These committees act as a forum for various groups to air their grievances. ► humid air/climate etc ► air/sense of menace  There was a sense of menace as the sky grew darker. ► mountain air · a walk in the clear mountain air ► an air of mystery (=something that seems mysterious)· There was an air of mystery about him. ► the night air · The night air was scented with jasmine. ► open to the sky/air/elements  Many of the tombs had been robbed and left open to the sky. ► air/environmental/water etc pollutants  New regulations will reduce hazardous air pollutants. ► polluted air/water/rivers etc  The project’s aim is to clean up polluted land. ► air pollution · Air pollution can cause breathing problems for some people. ► puff of smoke/wind/air/steam etc  The dragon disappeared in a puff of smoke. ► water/air/beer etc pump (=for moving water, air etc) ► air/water purifier ► water/air quality · Scientists took samples to test the water quality. ► an air raid (=when bombs are dropped from planes)· His parents were killed in an air raid. ► rush of air/wind/water  She felt a cold rush of air as she wound down her window. ► the sea air (=the air close to the sea)· He breathed in the fresh sea air. ► send something by post/sea/air etc  Monday is the last day to send cards by post to arrive by Christmas. ► serve in the army/air force/navy etc  He returned to Greece to serve in the army. ► air speed (=the speed of a plane in relation to the air around it) ► an air-conditioning system · The building hasn’t got an air-conditioning system. ► the air/water temperature · The water temperature should be between 60 and 65°F. ► throwing ... into the air  The bomb exploded, throwing bricks and debris into the air. ► an airline/plane/air ticket · You can pick up your airline tickets at the check-in desk. ► air transport · The air transport industry is presently going through a period of change. ► travel by train/car/air etc · Emily hated travelling by train. ► air travel · There has been a major increase in air travel during the last twenty years. ► vanished into thin air  She seemed to have just vanished into thin air (=suddenly disappeared in a very mysterious way). ► air vent  a blocked air vent ► waved ... in the air  He waved a hand in the air to attract her attention. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► ad · He has aired radio ads in Iowa, whose caucuses are a mere three years away.· So far, only Black Entertainment Television has accepted and aired the 60-second ads.· But as they viciously attacked one another, Feingold aired clever and humorous ads that won wide acclaim. ► commercial · Nor is an anti-abortion candidate who aired graphic television commercials with footage of dismembered fetuses.· The station repeatedly aired a commercial for the tape.· Clinton has already staged dry-runs in 20 media markets, airing three 30-second television commercials last June at a cost of. ► complaint · Tired of this paternalistic and oppressive regime, Beida students aired their complaints over several evenings in mid-December. ► grievance · The journalists can ask their questions direct and can also air any grievances or problems in an informal atmosphere.· This meeting was to air grievances and ease our transition into the future. ► opinion · And she used her limited telephone privileges to air her opinions live on a local radio talk show. ► show · The show will air at 11 p. m. Monday through Thursday.· For years marginal radio stations paid the rent with late-night or Sunday-morning preacher shows, which they aired for cash up front.· Interviews done in the week after the shows aired found dramatic increases in awareness and understanding of medical issues surrounding both topics. ► television · Nor is an anti-abortion candidate who aired graphic television commercials with footage of dismembered fetuses.· Her story was aired on national crime-fighter television shows.· Clinton has already staged dry-runs in 20 media markets, airing three 30-second television commercials last June at a cost of. ► view · Cabinet meetings were something to be got through, not the place where views were to be aired and decisions reached. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► road-rage/air-rage etc► assume a manner/air/expression etc No wonder the technique assumed an air of planet-wide importance. Oliver assumed an expression of extreme penitence. The only thing she could do was to assume an air of indifference. ► keep several/too many etc balls in the air► water-borne/sea-borne/air-borne etc► a breath of air/wind Scarcely a breath of air disturbed the stillness of the day. It had been a very cold but bright morning, without a breath of wind. Not a breath of air disturbs the tranquil spectacle. Ramsey presumably leant out for a breath of air. The moon was hidden under a veil of clouds, and there was not a breath of wind. There was complete silence and not even a breath of wind disturbed the peace. There was not a breath of wind blowing, and not a leaf or blade of grass stirred. There was scarcely a breath of wind. ► a breath of fresh air I'm going outside for a breath of fresh air. Moving to this big apartment was like a breath of fresh air. As I say, we must introduce a breath of fresh air into the inspection system. Comes to corner of the street for a breath of fresh air. His condition is fine and he went out for a breath of fresh air. Lawrence has proved a master of communication and a breath of fresh air to North-East sportswriters. Steve Forbes is a breath of fresh air to the process. Undoubtedly to the disappointment of the leakers, Inman came through the whole affair like a breath of fresh air. We need a breath of fresh air in school inspections. You really want to turn around and get a breath of fresh air. ► castles in the air Hugh Bawn's high-tech castles in the air. That, says McKinsey, is because they spend money where it is needed rather than on grand castles in the air. ► clear the air I think it's about time you called her to clear the air. In an attempt to clear the air, Mills has planned a meeting with employees to discuss the issue. The White House hopes that the investigation will clear the air. Allen, to clear the air, decided to host a debate for three thousand people at Bethel. But he thinks, in present circumstances, that a straight forward test provides the best way of clearing the air. He even met with the Anti-Defamation League to try and clear the air of misunderstandings. It would be good to clear the air, but she hoped it would hold off until after the party. Offer to talk then and there to clear the air. Secondly, until you clear the air with this person, you will continue to feel uncomfortable. The Minister is mumbling - I hope that he will get up and clear the air. To help clear the air, Mills is expected to meet with PacTel staffers in two weeks to discuss the issue. ► cleave the air/darkness etc► television/sports/fresh-air etc fiend► fresh air Fresh air isn't necessarily better for you, but it will certainly make you feel better. I'm just going outside for a breath of fresh air. I leave the window open at night to get some fresh air. Let's go outside and get some fresh air. Open the window and let's get some fresh air in here! By then I had stepped outside to get some fresh air, away from the stifling smoke and heat of the temple. Feeling in dire need of fresh air, Ellie went outside into the grounds. Filmer could go in and out of the Westin without a sniff of fresh air, and probably had. He bad to sit in his beret and coat, for she needed fresh air. He talked about fresh air and fresh starts. Remove excess hair around the ear canal, as this tend to collect wax and restrict fresh air. Too diluted by the fresh air. Undoubtedly to the disappointment of the leakers, Inman came through the whole affair like a breath of fresh air. ► be gulping for air I am gulping for air, and sobbing. ► leave something hanging in the air► you could cut the atmosphere/air/tension with a knife► a martyred look/expression/air etc He did not reply, but got into the car glumly, with a martyred air. ► a nip in the air► with your nose in the air She just walked past with her nose in the air. Standing with their noses in the air. ► the open air An 1874 picture by one Dudley P.. Flanders shows a circus performing in the open air in Tucson. Discomfort in the open air was far preferable to him. For example in the open air or where a temporary problem necessitates urgent remedy. Generally the passengers camped and sat out in the open air. It sometimes comes on in the open air. Some continued to preach in the open air, in streets or in the fields. The two of them were sitting at a table in the open air. The world, her world, no longer accommodated pleasure parties in the open air. ► pluck something out of the air► air/sea power The outcome will be decided by air power. But the escalating crisis may now force Western leaders to use military air power to protect relief efforts. For Mahan sea power was critical, for Mackinder a particular land mass. Government air power has prevented the rebels from attacking N'Djamena directly. Robert sat nearby doing a term paper on the history of air power. Strategic air power had all but won the Second World War. The cheapest and simplest method will be the air powered sponge filter. The most difficult strategic question was whether sea power was any longer the foundation upon which the Three Pillars could continue to stand. ► punch the air A small cheer emerged from behind and I punched the air with delight. Balvinder jumped up and down, punched the air, then promptly confronted the man with whom he had made the bet. Caballeros punched the air with the exultation of victory. I felt marvellous and punched the air. Men's fists punched the air, brandishing flagons of beer. Sharpe saw the blossoming smoke a fraction before the sound punched the air. Then he plunged in, and when he saw he was correct, punched the air with a raised left hand. When we left the meeting, I should have been punching the air with joy. ► wind/air/water resistance A 3-phase 15° step-angle variable-reluctance motor has a rated phase current 01 2.0A and a phase winding resistance of 5.0 ohms. A car that squats low meets less wind resistance. If you want to lower the wind resistance on a car body how low do you want to get it? Naturally the water resistance was less, but modern tanning processes have improved leathers considerably. The actual path taken by the orbiter is complex and designed to minimize the effect of air resistance on the craft. This holds precisely because all objects fall at the same speed under gravity. Air resistance is being ignored here. ► disappear/vanish into thin air As happened during and after the first war of independence, the money has disappeared into thin air. It was almost as if he'd vanished into thin air. Maybe each and every one of them had vanished into thin air. The Cheshire cat is an odd character and he causes confusion when he literally disappears into thin air. The money which has suddenly and mysteriously become available simply vanishes into thin air as Ruggiero Miletti magically reappears. Victor and his kidnappers had disappeared into thin air. Yet he seemed to disappear into thin air. You can tell these mysterious trails were not made yesterday, because of the way they seem to disappear into thin air. ► out of thin air He found rhymes irresistible, and produced them out of thin air, just for the fun of it. Ray picks a number out of thin air -- generally below wholesale -- and the deal is done. The juice landed on the floor like a red bubbly snake, a bad omen suddenly materializing out of thin air. ► be walking on air On my first day, I earned $190, and I was walking on air. Martha felt that she was walking on air and when she entered the kitchen, Annie looked up. She felt as though she was walking on air. 1opinion [transitive] to express your opinions publiclyair your views/grievances/complaints etc Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views.► see thesaurus at say2tv/radio [intransitive, transitive] to broadcast a programme on television or radio:  KPBS airs such popular children’s programs as ‘Barney’ and ‘Sesame Street’. The program is due to air next month.3room [transitive] especially British English, air something out American English to let fresh air into a room, especially one that has been closed for a long time4clothes [intransitive, transitive] especially British English, air (something) out American English to put a piece of clothing in a place that is warm or has a lot of air, so that it smells clean:  I’ve left my sweater outside to air. → airing, → air your dirty laundry at dirty1(7)
随便看	metallurgy metalwork metalworker metamaterial metamorphic metamorphose metamorphosis metaphor metaphorical metaphorically metaphysical metaphysics metatarsal mete meteor meteoric meteorically meteorite meteorological Meteorological Office meteorologist meteorology -meter meter meter maid

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