单词 | plan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | plan1 nounplan2 verb planplan1 /plæn/ ●●● S1 W1 noun [countable] Entry menuMENU FOR planplan1 intention2 method/arrangement3 map4 drawing5 plan A, Plan A6 plan B, Plan B Word OriginWORD ORIGINplan1 ExamplesOrigin: 1600-1700 French ‘drawing of a building at ground level’; partly from Latin planum ‘level ground’, partly from French planter ‘to plant’EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► plan Collocations a set of actions for achieving something in the future, especially a set of actions that has been considered carefully and in detail: · Leaders outlined a plan to end the fighting. ► plot/conspiracy a secret plan to do something bad or illegal, made by a group of people: · There was a plot to assassinate the president.· a terrorist conspiracy ► scheme British English an official plan that is intended to help people: · The government has introduced a new scheme to help young people find work. ► strategy a carefully designed plan which is intended to achieve a particular purpose over a long period of time: · the company’s business strategy· The government’s economic strategy has been criticized by many experts.· We need to develop effective strategies for combating the sale of counterfeit goods. ► initiative a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular aim: · a peace initiative· a major new initiative to tackle street crime ► policy a plan that members of a government, political party, company etc agree on, that states how they intend to deal with a particular subject or problem: · the government’s immigration policy· It’s company policy to allow people to work from home. ► programme British English, program American English a series of activities that a government or organization organizes, which aims to achieve something important and will continue for a long time: · a five-year programme which will create 2,000 new jobs· federal programs for low-income housing Longman Language Activatora plan to do something► plan something that you have decided to do, and the methods you will use to do it: · Her plan is to finish her degree and then go and teach in Japan.plan to do something: · The school has plans to build a computer centre.plan for: · NASA has announced plans for a new space mission to Mars.business/career etc plan: · You can't get a loan to start a new company if you don't have a good business plan.make plans: · By January, many people are already making plans for their summer holidays.go according to plan (=when things happen exactly as you intended): · Everything went according to plan, and we all crossed the river safely.a plan falls through (=when you cannot do what you intended to do, because something unexpected happens): · There was an airline strike in India, and all our plans fell through at the last minute.plan A/plan B (=use this when you are saying that you have two possible plans, in case the first one is not successful): · Plan A obviously wasn't going to work, so we had to resort to plan B. ► plan of action/game plan informal a detailed plan explaining exactly how to achieve something: · Here's my game plan, Roger. I want to make the magazine a monthly, and cut it down to sixty or seventy pages.decide/devise/put forward etc a plan of action: · If the problem continues, discuss a plan of action with your colleagues. ► strategy a carefully designed plan for achieving something that is difficult and may take a long time: strategy for doing something: · We need a new strategy for increasing our sales in Europe.· Murdoch bought several TV stations, as part of his strategy for building a media empire.strategy of: · The rebels' strategy of guerrilla warfare has been remarkably successful.a/an campaign/economic/military etc strategy: · the President's long-term economic strategy ► programme British /program American a series of activities, organized by a government or other large organization, that is designed to achieve something important and will continue for a long time: programme of: · The irrigation project is part of a programme of aid to West Africa.training/research/space etc programme: · It's a major research program, aimed at developing cheaper fuels.launch a programme: · The government has launched a programme to help unemployed young people find work. ► policy a plan or set of principles agreed by the members of a government, a political group, a company etc, that says how they intend to deal with a particular subject or problem: · It is not our policy to reveal our clients' names.environmental/monetary/economic etc policy: · Most large companies these days operate an equal opportunities policy.· US foreign policy (=towards other countries)policy on: · the government's policy on Europepolicy towards: · The Cuban revolution resulted in a reassessment of Washington's policy towards the Third World generally.policy of: · A new ruler might adopt a policy of drastically cutting back oil production in order to boost prices. ► scheme British an official plan that is intended to help particular groups of people, for example people who are very poor, without jobs, or who need a better education: scheme to do something: · Several organizations run schemes to help women find work after their children have started school. a training/literacy/resettlement etc scheme: · The government's Youth Training Scheme soon ran into difficulties.· Adult literacy schemes have been run with great success in the inner cities. ► budget a plan that shows exactly what things you will spend a particular amount of money on: household/food/advertising etc budget: · Mum always worked out the household budget according to what we could afford.· The company has had to cut £46,000 from its advertising budget.over/under budget (=having spent more or less than the amount planned): · Several of our recent projects have been wildly over budget.· The renovation work to St George's Hall was completed six months ahead of schedule and under budget.budget deficit (=a situation in which more money has been spent than is available): · Texas faces a budget deficit of over $4 billion.balance the/your budget (=make sure that only the money available is spent): · The council has said that jobs will have to be cut in order to balance the budget. ► blueprint a completely new plan for important changes or ways of dealing with a problem: blueprint for: · Conservation groups have suggested a blueprint for a "Green World".· A panel of advisors is urging The White House to adopt a blueprint for dealing with such emergencies. a plan to do something bad► plot a secret plan to do something bad, especially to the members of a government: · The plot was quickly discovered, and five men were arrested.plot to do something: · a plot to assassinate the Presidentplot against: · Janis was suspected of masterminding a plot against US airlines in East Asia. ► conspiracy a secret and usually complicated plan made by two or more people to do something bad or illegal together: conspiracy to do something: · There was a conspiracy to defraud the company of millions of dollars.conspiracy against: · Reynolds was charged with conspiracy against the government. ► scheme a plan to do something bad or illegal, especially one that you consider to be stupid or unlikely to be successful: · He's always coming up with these dumb schemes for making money that just land us in trouble. ► intrigue secret planning and arrangements, agreed in order to gain advantages and power for yourself: · The world of politics is a world of deception and intrigue. a plan of the times when things will happen► timetable British /schedule American a written list that shows the exact times when something will happen, for example when planes or buses leave, or when classes at school take place: · The timetable said there was another train at 6.15.· According to my schedule, we've got Math first and then Biology.bus/train/school timetable: · Have you got the new bus timetable for this year?timetable of: · I'd like a schedule of the flights from Boston to New York, please. ► schedule a detailed plan of what someone is going to do and when they will do it, especially someone important: · The President's schedule includes a two-day visit to St Petersburg.busy/tight schedule (=when you plan to do a lot of things in a short time): · She has a pretty tight schedule, but she may be able to meet you for lunch.light schedule (=one that is not very busy): · I make sure that I have a fairly light schedule in the summer when the kids are on vacation.on schedule (=at or according to the time planned): · Tom arrived on schedule at twenty to eight.ahead of/behind schedule (=before/later than the time planned): · For once, I managed to finish the book I was writing ahead of schedule.· Due to the bad weather, the building work was already behind schedule. ► programme British /program American a plan that shows the order of activities at a ceremony, sports meeting, public event etc: · The next race on today's program is the women's 1000 meters.· Who is organizing the conference programme? someone who plans something► planner someone who works for a government or a company, and who plans how future situations and problems should be dealt with according to what they think is likely to happen: · The proposal will be carefully examined by a committee of executives, planners and consultants.financial/military/environmental etc planners: · Economic planners fear that there will be a 5% fall in real incomes next year.· a financial planner· Military planners and diplomats worry that the North's increasing distress over food supplies could provoke it to invade the South. ► architect the person who originally thought of an important and successful plan, especially in politics or business: the architect of something: · Beveridge is usually thought of as the architect of the British National Health Service.· the chief architect of the election victory ► mastermind a person who cleverly plans a complicated operation, especially in order to carry out a crime: · The court heard that it was Mrs Thompson who was the mastermind, not her husband.the mastermind behind/of something: · Andres is the mastermind behind a huge drug-smuggling operation.a criminal mastermind: · The film stars Morgan Freeman as a criminal mastermind. to make plans► plan to think carefully about something you are going to do, and decide how you will do it: · Sue spent months planning her trip.· The burglary had obviously been very carefully planned.plan how/what/where etc: · Have you planned how you're going to spend your prize money?plan for: · I think we should plan for about 50 guests.· We're planning for rain because the forecast isn't good.have something planned (=have planned something carefully already): · Don't worry, I have the whole evening planned. ► make plans to think about and talk about something that you intend to do, especially something that needs to be carefully planned: · We sat around the table, talking, laughing, and making plans.make plans for: · I've already started to make plans for the wedding - there's so much to do. ► make arrangements to organize the details of an event or trip, such as the times in which things will happen: · I'd booked the flight and made all the arrangements well in advance.make arrangements for: · John's brother kindly made the arrangements for the funeral.make arrangements to do something: · Vivian and her boyfriend are making arrangements to join us in Australia.make arrangements with: · Please telephone and make arrangements with my secretary. ► work out especially British also figure out American to think carefully about how you are going to do something, especially something complicated or difficult, and plan a good way of doing it: · Management consultant Peter Brant worked out the schedule in October 1983.· UN negotiators have figured out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.work/figure out a way of doing something: · The first thing you'll have to do is figure out a way of earning the money.work out what/where/how etc: · I'll certainly go back to my job once I've worked out who's going to look after the kids during the day.have it all worked/figured out (=have completely planned how you are going to do something): · The killer, whoever he was, had it all worked out. ► map out to plan all the details of how something is going to develop in the future, especially over a long period of time: · Representatives from several European countries met to map out details of the proposed aid program.have your future/career/education etc mapped out: · Jodie has her career all mapped out.· By the time he was 15, his parents already had his future mapped out. ► budget to plan how you will spend your money during a certain period of time or for a particular activity: · Mark's capable of earning a lot, but he's no idea how to budget or save.· Our annual expenditure on training has been carefully budgeted.budget for: · At university, young people have to budget for their living expenses, and organise their time. ► formulate if members of a government, company, or other organization formulate a plan or proposal, they decide the details of what is going to be done: · Changes to the education system should be formulated by teachers not politicians.formulate a plan/policy/proposal etc: · The government has set up a working party to formulate proposals for reducing environmental pollution. ► mastermind to be the person who is in charge of planning a complicated or difficult operation, especially a crime: · The raid, one of the most daring crimes of the century, was masterminded by Italian playboy, Giovanni Cattani.· Well-known as a tough industrialist, he masterminded 50 company takeovers in one year. to plan something that will happen a long time in the future► plan ahead · Once you have children, it's wise to plan ahead.· Fluctuations in oil prices on the world market make it impossible for developing countries to plan ahead.plan ahead for · It's never too soon to start planning ahead for your retirement. ► look ahead to think about what may happen in the future so that you are aware of it when you make plans: · By looking ahead, management are then in a good position to anticipate potential problems.look ahead to: · All footballers have to look ahead to the time when they leave the game. ► forward planning British /future planning American the activity of thinking carefully about what will happen in the future, and including this in your present plans, especially in order to make possible problems easier to deal with when the time comes: · With a little more forward planning, we could have avoided these problems.· Expert advice is available for investors who wish to engage in future planning. to plan something bad► plot to make secret plans to do something wrong or illegal: · The court heard how Mrs Taylor and her lover had plotted the murder of her husband.plot to do something: · Three men were charged with plotting to plant the biggest bomb ever in Central London.plot against: · Plotting against the government was punishable by death. ► scheme to secretly make clever and dishonest plans to get or achieve something: scheme to do something: · Behind the scenes, a small group was scheming to remove the Chairman from office.· Against all the rules of the competition, Nick was scheming to win.scheme against: · As the King got older, he became convinced that his family were scheming against him. ► conspire if two or more people conspire to do something illegal or harmful, they plan secretly to do it: conspire to do something: · Ten men were convicted of conspiring to bomb the UN and the FBI buildings in New York.· Kevin Maxwell faced two charges of conspiring to defraud pensioners.conspire against: · The President called a meeting and accused his aides of conspiring against him.conspire with: · There was no doubt that they were conspiring with other African guerrilla movements. ways of saying that something is being planned► be in the pipeline if something such as a new product or a change is in the pipeline , it is being planned and prepared and it will be ready soon: · After considerable market research, several new products are now in the pipeline.· There are one or two important changes in the pipeline. ► be in the planning stages also be at the planning stage British if something such as a product is in the planning stages , it is being planned, but the final details have not yet been decided: · A new museum is currently at the planning stage at Bowness.· The programme is only in the planning stages, and is not likely to be broadcast until next year. ► afoot if something new, interesting, strange, or dishonest is afoot , someone is planning it, especially secretly: · From information received, it was thought that some illegal activity was afoot.· A quick look round the research and development facility in Versailles revealed a number of interesting software projects afoot.plans/changes/moves etc are afoot: · Plans are now afoot for an important exhibition of Canaletto in England.· Apparently, moves are afoot to ban smoking in public places. words for describing something that has been planned► planned · Some people prefer a vacation with a lot of planned activities.· The number of planned job cuts by major US businesses declined in October from a year ago. ► scheduled planned to happen at a particular time: · Heavy snow closed airports and forced the cancellation of scheduled budget talks at the White House.scheduled to do something: · A UN mission was scheduled to leave on February 29.scheduled for: · The play was originally scheduled for October, but it had to be cancelled. ► strategic done as part of a plan, especially in a military, business, or political situation, in order to gain an advantage against your opponents: · The British army made a strategic withdrawal across the English Channel.· The two countries agreed to join together in a strategic alliance. ► well/carefully thought out something that is well thought out has been carefully planned so that it will work well and achieve its desired results: · If you're planning to take a year out between school and university, it needs to be carefully thought out.· The average worker's long-term financial security will depend upon having a well-thought-out personal finance plan. not planned► unplanned · As a surprise, we decided to make an unplanned visit to my mother's.· Very few burglaries are completely unplanned.· Unplanned pregnancies in the US each year are estimated at 3 million. ► spontaneous something that is spontaneous is done because you suddenly feel you want to do it, not because you have arranged to do it or been asked to do it: · The crowd gave a spontaneous cheer when the news was announced.· The invitation was completely spontaneous.· an act of spontaneous generosity ► impromptu done or happening without any planning or preparation: · We finished the day with an impromptu game of football in a nearby field.· Jem's impromptu speech met with thunderous applause. ► not well thought out something that is not well thought out has not been planned carefully enough and therefore is unlikely to work well: · Reagan's plan was a bold one, but it was not well thought out.· If your business proposal is not very well thought out, you will find it difficult to get financial backing. ► ad hoc not planned or organized in advance: · You never know when you might have to have an ad hoc meeting with a client.· Historical records have often been kept in an ad hoc way, so that our information is not complete.on an ad hoc basis (=when you need to do it, not in a planned way): · Most companies have some people working for them on an ad hoc basis. to not try to plan things, but deal with them as they happen► take something as it comes to not worry about or plan for something that has not happened yet, but decide what to do when it happens: · I always think the best way of approaching an interview is to take it as it comes.take things as they come: · The only way to manage when you have small kids is to take things as they come.take life as it comes/take each day as it comes: · If I were you, I'd just enjoy each day and take life as it comes. ► play it by ear spoken to not make plans about how to deal with a particular situation, but decide to wait until it actually happens and hope that you will know what to do then: · "Shall we tell Dad what's happened?" "Let's play it by ear and see what sort of mood he's in."· We've booked the flight, but not the accommodation -- we'll play it by ear when we get there. ► live from day to day to not plan very far in the future because you have too many problems now to be able to think about what may happen later: · Since Jim got ill, we've just had to live from day to day.· There's nothing as depressing as living from day to day, as the unemployed are forced to do. ► one day at a time if you deal with a problem or difficult situation one day at a time , you try to think about just what is happening in the present and do not try to plan what you will do in the future: · I've no idea where we'll live. Anyway, one day at a time.take/live one day at a time: · In order to overcome their addiction, they have to learn to take one day at a time. to not intend to do something► not intend to do something if you do not intend to do something, you have decided that you will not do it: · She had not intended to speak at the meeting, but felt she had to.· I haven't seen the film, and I don't intend to. ► not mean to do something especially spoken use this to say that, although you did something, you did not do it deliberately: · They hadn't meant to stay out so late.· Look, I'm sorry. I didn't mean to upset you. ► have no intention of doing something formal if you have no intention of doing something, you have firmly decided that you will definitely not do it: · Mr Brown announced that he had no intention of resigning.· The deadline is unreasonable, and they have no intention of trying to meet it. ► have no plans to do something/not have any plans to do something if you have no plans to do something, you have not made a decision to do it, although you may decide to do it at a later time: · She has no plans to retire.· He has lived in Thailand for five years, and does not have any plans to go back to the States. ► not be serious especially spoken to not really intend to do something that you have said that you will do: · He keeps saying he's going to quit, but I don't think he's serious.not be serious about: · Critics said the government wasn't serious about the environment.you can't be serious spoken (=say this when you are surprised about what someone has said they intend to do): · You can't be serious about moving to New Orleans. when something happens without any problems at all► go like clockwork if something you have arranged such as an event or journey goes like clockwork , it happens in exactly the way that was planned, with no problems at all: · After all that fuss, everything went like clockwork. You should have seen it.· 'Everything go all right?' 'Like clockwork.'· All through that summer, work on the farm went like clockwork. ► go smoothly if a planned event, journey, piece of work etc goes smoothly , there are no problems to spoil it: · If all goes smoothly, elections are expected in May.· In rehearsal, everything went smoothly, even the difficult fight scenes.· My presentation went remarkably smoothly, until one student asked an awkward question right at the end. ► without a hitch if a planned action or event happens without a hitch , it happens exactly as planned with no problems at all, even though some may have been expected: · The first phase of the operation was completed without a hitch.· TCI say they hope that approval will be granted for the takeover without a hitch.· Except for the priest forgetting the groom's middle name, the ceremony came off without a hitch. ► go according to plan if something that has been carefully planned goes according to plan , it happens in exactly the way you planned it would: · Development of our new computer system is going according to plan and it should be in operation by October. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 1verbs► have plans Phrases· I have no plans to retire yet. ► change your plans· We had to change our plans at the last minute. ► abandon/give up your plans· The city authorities have abandoned their plans to host the Super Bowl. ► cancel your plans· The weather got worse, and we had to cancel our plans to have the party outdoors. ► shelve a plan (=cancel your plan, although you may do it later)· The plan had to be shelved because of lack of money. phrases► a change of plan· The day before my flight, my boss phoned and said there’d been a change of plan. adjectives► somebody’s immediate plans (=what they are going to do next)· So what are your immediate plans after graduation? ► the best plan British English (=the best thing to do)· I think the best plan is to take the train. Meaning 2verbs► have a plan· Don’t worry – I have a plan. ► make plans (=prepare for something)· Mary has been busy making plans for her wedding. ► come up with a plan (=think of a plan)· The chairman must come up with a plan to get the club back on its feet. ► devise/formulate/draw up a plan (=make a detailed plan, especially after considering something carefully)· He devised a daring plan to steal two million dollars.· The company has already drawn up plans to develop the site. ► carry out a plan (=do what has been planned)· The bombers were arrested by the security forces before they could carry out their plans. ► keep to/stick to a plan· We’re sticking to our original plan. ► abandon/scrap a plan (=decide not to continue with it)· The plan was scrapped because it was too expensive. ► announce/unveil a plan (=officially tell people about it)· The government unveiled its plans for a shake-up of the health system. ► approve a plan· The plan was approved at a board meeting on 24 December. ► reject a plan· The plan was rejected on the grounds that it would cost too much money. ► outline a plan (=describe it in a general way)· They listened as he outlined his plan. ► implement a plan formal (=to do what has been agreed as part of an official plan)· To implement its plans, the company has entered into a partnership with another software developer. ► shelve a plan (=not continue with it, although you might continue with it later)· The plans will be shelved until an alternative access to the site can be found. ADJECTIVES/NOUN + plan► ambitious· The plan was very ambitious, but it worked. ► detailed· The generals drew up detailed plans for the invasion. ► cunning/clever/ingenious· They devised a cunning plan to get back their money.· The gang devised a cunning plan to rob the bank. ► a five-year/ten-year etc plan· Unesco has a 25-year plan to provide basic education to all. ► a grand plan (=a plan that involves doing a lot of things in order to achieve something big)· Marrying the countess was all part of his grand plan. ► a master plan (=a detailed plan for dealing with a complicated situation)· The governors came up with a master plan for saving the school. ► a business plan· We’ve developed a business plan to take over the company. ► a peace plan· Both sides have agreed to implement the UN peace plan. ► a rescue plan (=a plan for saving a company, economy etc)· Which rescue plan offers the company the best prospects of survival? ► an action plan· My accountant developed a detailed action plan with specific targets. phrases► go according to plan (=happen in the way that was arranged)· If everything goes according to plan, we’ll finish in January. ► a plan of action· Ministers are discussing a plan of action to deal with the crisis. ► a plan of attack (=a plan to attack or achieve something)· At this stage, you go back to the office and work on a plan of attack. ► a plan of campaign British English (=a plan to achieve something)· What we need now is a plan of campaign. COMMON ERRORS ► Don’t say ‘do a plan’. Say make a plan.COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► went according to plan Everything went according to plan, and we arrived on time. ► a plan of action· The General outlined his plan of action for the campaign.· Environmental groups have put forward an action plan. ► moves/plans/changes afoot There were plans afoot for a second attack. ► agree a price/plan/strategy etc We agreed a new four-year contract. ► plan ahead Unless we plan ahead (=plan for the future) we are going to be in a mess. ► announce a decision/intention/plan The government has announced plans to create 10,000 new jobs. ► a planning application (=an official request for permission to build something)· We have lodged a planning application for a housing development on the site. ► planning approval (=official approval needed before building something)· The construction work will be subject to planning approval. ► austerity programme/plan/package a tough new austerity programme ► carefully planned/chosen/controlled etc carefully chosen words ► a family planning clinic (=giving advice about how to prevent pregnancy)· There are family planning clinics all over the country. ► planned/timed/arranged to coincide The show is timed to coincide with the launch of a new book. ► a planning committee British English (=one that considers requests to build new buildings)· Several concerns were raised at the planning committee. ► planning consent British English (=consent to build a new building or change an old one)· You will need to apply for planning consent. ► contingency plan a contingency plan ► a controversial plan/proposal/policy· the controversial plan to build a new airport ► corporate planning/strategy (=the activity of planning what a big company needs to do to succeed)· Roche is the man in charge of corporate planning. ► plan/plot a coup· They were arrested and accused of plotting a coup against the government. ► plan/develop/design a curriculum· Fifty academics have been involved in developing the new school curriculum. ► plan/work something out in detail· I haven't worked our trip out in detail yet. ► a development programme/plan/project· the United Nations Development Programme ► devise a plan/scheme· Together they devised a clever plan to escape. ► discuss a plan/idea· It’s a good idea to discuss your plans with your parents. ► draw up a plan/scheme· Local authorities have drawn up new plans for waste disposal. ► drop a plan· The company has dropped its plan to build a hotel on the site. ► plan an escape· We planned our escape carefully and waited for just the right moment. ► an escape plan· You should have an escape plan in the event of a fire. ► an expansion plan· The city’s ambitious expansion plans will require major investment. ► a flight plan (=the planned route of an aircraft)· For some reason the pilot diverged from the flight plan. ► formulate a policy/plan/strategy etc He formulated Labour Party education policy in 1922. ► plan for the future (also make plans for the future) (=think carefully about the future and decide what you are going to do)· As soon as she knew she was pregnant, she started to plan for the future. ► somebody’s hopes/fears/plans for the future· What are your hopes for the future? ► grandiose scheme/plan/idea etc grandiose schemes of urban renewal ► implement a policy/plan/decision etc We have decided to implement the committee’s recommendations in full. ► the best-laid plans (=plans that have been made carefully) Bad weather can upset even the best-laid travel plans. ► plans local authority· The local authority plans to close the school. ► plan local authority· The local authority plan to close the school. ► long-range planning/plan/forecast etc a long-range weather forecast the long-range goal of the project ► long-term plan/strategy/solution► plan a menu (=decide what foods will be served)· Erika began planning a menu for the dinner party. ► a peace plan· The leadership rejected the peace plan. ► planning permission (=official permission to build a new building or change an existing one)· The bank has applied for planning permission to redevelop a 1¼-acre site. ► proceeding according to plan Work is proceeding according to plan. ► put forward a plan/scheme· Both parties have put forward plans for political reform. ► a reduction plan/programme/scheme· The terms of the treaty call for a three-phase troop reduction programme. ► planning regulations (=relating to what buildings can be built in an area)· The house must be demolished because it does not conform to planning regulations. ► a rescue plan/package (=plan to save a company, economy etc that is in trouble)· They drew up a rescue plan that involved restructuring the firm. ► planning restrictions (=legal restrictions on what buildings can be built somewhere)· There are government proposals to relax planning restrictions on green belt areas around cities. ► plan your route· We studied the map and planned our route. ► seating plan/arrangements the seating plan for the wedding dinner ► strategic planning strategic planning meetings ► vacation plans (=an idea about what you want to do on your vacation)· Do you have any vacation plans this summer? COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► economic· The privatization of up to 40 state-owned companies was at the centre of the governments economic recovery plan.· Dole is expected to emphasize his economic plan, which calls for sweeping tax cuts as well as balancing the budget.· No details had yet been published of an economic recovery plan which the government had announced in January.· Speculation about Kemp has been growing, particularly since Dole announced an economic plan that embraced tax cuts long advocated by Kemp.· To work, any Soviet economic plan must do two things.· And what economic plan would be without its executive summary?· He was in the Oval Office, on the second day of trying to sell his economic plan. ► future· Money to help pay for ambitious future plans was at least one motive for seeking publication.· I can then produce a programme that provides a framework to meet your future financial plans using Allied Dunbar products.· If he had future plans, they were shattered by a stroke.· This is a time of tension when the stakes may be high and a future plan hangs by a thread.· The money will be used to top up its land bank crucial to future house building plans from 15,000 plots to 20,000.· In the interview they asked me about my future plans.· Mr Lekszton's future plans include a private television station and an airline.· Decision-making is often about future plans and events, yet nobody knows with certainty what will happen in the future. ► game· When he needed to vary his game plan Hamed was unable to.· That took them out of the game plan, too.· The previous commissioner spent months with us, analysing our game plans and marketing strategy.· Member companies spent most of the first year trying to hammer out a mission and a game plan.· Whether he can establish a solid relationship with him, likes his attitude-and if that player fits his game plan.· The Raiders' game plan revealed astonishing flexibility.· As the staff looks toward the future, its game plan is to provide quality care.· Rison was conspicuously absent from much of the Jaguars' game plan. ► local· The local plan will replace the existing local plans for Midlothian District.· As a result, controversial local plans tend to attract numerous objections which are then tested at a local inquiry.· When determining planning applications planning authorities are required to have regard to structure and local plans.· These will include: Does the scheme comply with the policies contained in its local plan? ► new· The new plan limits programme management costs to 20 percent.· A new plan was taking shape.· Many people launch themselves into their new plans with no preparation at all.· But the medical profession is not the only group targeted by the new seven-page plan.· Clare wondered suspiciously why this sensationally good-looking man seemed not to have any New Year's plans.· Buyouts are less attractive to workers under the new plan.· A new plan is being considered.· The NOCs also test new technologies and plan for their deployment. ► original· In insisting that no changes had been made to the original plan, his team was being economical with the truth.· In addition, the original plan called for the demolition of structures found beyond repair and the relocation of displaced homeowners.· Its original plan was to unload the problem on to the electricity generators.· Hence, with some misgivings, the original plan was adhered to. 3.· Better to abide by the original plan.· This would be expensive and had not been allowed for in the original plans and bids.· In the original battle plans, which were to be strictly adhered to, ten minutes were allocated for the raid.· After two years, the Gypsy Moth Commission decided to go back to a version of their original plan. ► strategic· When this happens, strategic plans not only waste enormous time and money, they can become actual barriers to innovation.· Environmental audit General property audit - collates information on a building or property portfolio in order to establish a long-term strategic plan.· About three weeks ago, Teran released a four-year strategic plan to improve public safety throughout Baja California.· But every governing body is expected to produce a strategic plan, delineating how it will succeed.· These councils would assess local needs, contribute to local service plans within the overall strategic plan and monitor local service provision.· But the commanders had their orders and a strategic plan to carry out, and they stood firm. NOUN► action· A timescale indicator and action plan for achievement should also be agreed.· Note from the action plan that both the nurse and the nutritionist perform height, weight, and skinfold measurements.· The report should constitute an action plan.· I proceeded to come up with an affirmative action plan for the company that would work.· Definition of priorities empowers the next stage - an action plan.· Students will work towards fixed targets regarding the above, but will also negotiate individual action plans.· It produced a 13-point action plan to reduce the risk of marine pollution.· The action plan will be linked to a study of the commuting habits of nearly 15,000 council employees. ► business· Highly confidential and sensitive matters - such as business plans, projections or formulae - which must not be used.· Within eighteen months, they had firmed up a business plan, and Liz said good-bye to her migraines.· Information systems should be integrated with the business plan at all three layers of the management hierarchy.· What will a business plan for the Metro section look like?· Likewise a business plan should be developed in order to chart the proposed progress.· Never forget that profit is the goal of a good business plan.· How many business plans down the road will it be before his good intentions are eroded or outmaneuvered? ► care· As part of the care plan.· Investor-owned managed care plans routinely take 20 percent to 30 percent of premium dollars off the top for profit and administration.· This is particularly important when discussing personal matters, such as some one's care plan.· The hospital continues to struggle to correctly bill insurance providers and state and federal indigent health care plans.· Communication within the caring team, and the formation of nursing care plans, ensures continuity of patient care.· The products and the care plans they produce are more in-depth.· They must also show their HIV/AIDS services are fully integrated into their community care plans.· Her health care plan drew fire. ► contingency· The three A's must be making some contingency plans.· Anticipating the possibility of such a crisis, G Group several months earlier had drawn up a contingency plan.· Supt Peter Durham from Newcastle city centre will address staff on how contingency plans can be properly arranged for Newcastle.· Next, specific action may be agreed upon that is realistic and measurable with perhaps a contingency plan lined up too.· The agents are intelligent because they have contingency plans of action.· If you perceive this could be a problem perhaps the two of you could discuss a contingency plan to deal with this.· City officials have implemented what they call Phase I of a contingency plan aimed at bringing pollution levels down. ► development· Academic planning Contributions to a Polytechnic development plan.· Since 1971 development plans have included specific population targets.· The excavation of the Viking site at York was so important, though, that the development plans were changed.· The development plan is only one of the material considerations, and its policies and assumptions may be out of date.· The vote means that the project will be included in the current 10-year development plan.· Individuals will be responsible for their own personal development plans which will be measured against agreed standards of business performance.· He was appointed by Touche Ross to reorganise the hotel, conference and leisure complex and implement a structured business development plan.· These are not targets to be met and should not be the basis or a starting point for development plan policies. ► master· Not a secret master plan on the part of the Emperor - but a dagger aimed at his heart?· The tentative concepts of the five finalists in a master plan design competition will go on view for the first time.· And so they moved, with no master plan in mind, first to their small flat in Brussels.· The master plan will determine what kind of fees users will be charged for such amenities.· One final comment before you start writing out your master plan for reaching running goals: Use a pencil.· The challenge Chapter 4 will provide you with an opportunity to create a master plan from what you have learned.· It held what was in essence a master plan for murder, said Mr Stuart-Moore.· The master plan was scheduled to be implemented in 1975. ► peace· No eighteenth-century peace plan had the slightest chance of being put into practice.· The United States is not offering its own peace plan, an official said.· While the government-in-exile headed by Sawyer proposed to send representatives to Monrovia to discuss its peace plan, the military conflict continued.· In fact the only new development is that the implementation of the peace plan has been brought to a standstill.· But to patch things up the friends need to agree on a peace plan. ► pension· One of the attractions of executive pension plans is their potential flexibility.· Today, the pension plan for the owner and ten office workers is in serious trouble.· Our reader was invited to make his annual contribution to his Equitable Life pension plan.· Once you have a pension plan, be sure to use a pension plan expert to help you keep your plan qualified.· More than 4.6m people have contracted out of the state scheme into personal pension plans since their introduction in 1986.· From some angles, it looks to be a pension plan offering monthly retirement benefits commensurate with contributions.· The corner-stone of your strategy should be a pension plan - because of the tremendous financial advantages pension plans enjoy.· So there are no pat answers, and usually you need a pension plan expert to recommend a plan for you. ► retirement· They are less interested in investment and retirement plans and are less well positioned to attract meaningful new clients than older lawyers.· He has done so by manipulating contributions to certain government retirement plans.· Do retirement plan administrators get crazy?· Employers who establish retirement plans must be cautious about engaging in transactions with their plans.· If neither you nor your spouse is covered by an employer retirement plan, you may deduct your entire contribution.· Their restaurant is their retirement plan.· They were among those who in 1981 took a $ 40, 000 cash buyout to switch to a less-generous retirement plan.· Was the $ 1. 2 trillion in mutual fund retirement plans endangered by the market correction? VERB► agree· Within two weeks the participants were able to agree upon a draft plan.· They have kept the government shut to pressure the president to agree to a seven-year plan to balance the federal budget.· She acquiesced, agreeing to his plan for a meeting with Joan in the palace rose-garden.· However, Rodman said the state only agreed to the clean-up plan to avoid further delays.· The Commander-in-Chief agreed to the plan and also authorized Stirling to recruit a further six officers and up to forty men.· Morrison Knudsen and lenders agree on a plan to avoid a cash shortage.· But to patch things up the friends need to agree on a peace plan.· Talks aimed at agreeing on a plan to balance the budget within seven years are still taking place. ► announce· Meanwhile, Barclays has announced plans to more than double its network of wipe-through machines.· Westinghouse shares had remained stagnant even after the company announced its plans to sell the electronics business.· They announced plans for its complete redevelopment and applied for a certificate of immunity of listing.· It also announced plans to ease the regulatory burden on unions, and transfer their supervision to the Financial Services Authority.· Ron Wyden, D-Ore., a member of the Senate aviation subcommittee who announced the plan at a news conference. ► approve· Sedgefield District Council's development committee have approved the plan.· The Planning Commission and Board of Supervisors must approve the plan before a building permit is issued.· Not that she approved of his plans.· The bishops, whose annual spring meeting concluded Saturday, also approved a plan for ministering to young people.· Best to have the buyer sign it, however, to ensure that he or she really does approve the plan.· Now that supervisors also have approved it, the plan encompasses all land in the county.· I hope Prince Charles approves the plans before a brick is laid!· We approve his plan, and he starts up with your money. ► build· It means the loss of hopes and plans which have been building up in the parents during the months of pregnancy.· Was it a plan to build a last secure bunker in the Lena Valley if Leningrad and Moscow fell to the blitzkrieg?· The transport committee yesterday approved plans to build another boat.· As for the partners in her practice, they had to agree to a more gradual plan for building the practice.· A public announcement of the plan to build a Hinkley C power station was made a month later.· Today, there are four, with plans to build an additional one in Chandler.· The Irvine-based concern had approached Poway and Santee officials about selling the parcel after dropping plans to build 65 luxury homes there. ► change· They give care according to the plan specified by the primary nurse and will usually only change that plan in an emergency.· Overnight, the fortunes of big companies changed and any plans for the future had to be reconsidered.· That's why, every year, thousands of people have to change their plans.· Response was so small, however, that she changed her plan.· No logical reason, he wrote, but that will not make me change my plans once I have begun.· But there are others who vehemently oppose changing the general plan designation in either area.· Your welcome may change my plans.· No one can change their retirement plans quickly. ► develop· Identifying the Company Needs Before choosing an appropriate source of finance, the company should first develop an appropriate business plan.· Three teams of contractors were selected to develop plans.· To develop plans successfully agencies will need to work closely with local providers and community representatives.· Dream your own dream! Develop a plan to accomplish that dream and work hard to complete it!· Gradually, Power and his colleagues developed a plan to turn the 70 programs into a coherent Human Investment System.· Then develop a plan to acquire those skills.· But Knight developed a unique business plan to achieve his mission.· As the infant develops, the parents gain much by assisting with the observations and helping the nurse develop the care plan. ► discuss· The group will discuss the plans on 5 November.· Officials with the AFL-CIO were hesitant to discuss the administration plan because they said they had not seen details of the proposal.· Volunteers will hold a meeting this weekend to discuss fund-raising plans for the Christmas period.· He refuses to discuss any plans beyond that.· As Joe and Biddy became a little more cheerful, discussing my possible plans for the future, I became more miserable.· If this is the case do not discuss your plans with them.· We discussed our plans for the living museum and theme park and told her about the oak tree.· We must discuss the plan with the president. ► draw· So the most helpful thing to do before you start shopping is to draw up a scale plan of the room.· Anticipating the possibility of such a crisis, G Group several months earlier had drawn up a contingency plan.· It will draw up these plans in the light of national policies and local priorities and resources.· The draftsman no longer draws his plans.· The district councils being usually responsible for drawing up detailed local plans in accordance with policies defined in the structure plans.· He set about drawing up a rescue plan amid a political storm that resulted in the resignation of two cabinet ministers.· Large corporations draw up ground plans for restaurants and reduce everything down to a level of mediocrity.· Negotiations were started to purchase the site, and the London architects Spalding and Spalding were commissioned to draw up the plans. ► formulate· The results will be used to formulate development plans.· All over Langley and Miami they were still formulating plans to hit Fidel.· In November 1808 ten of her friends met in London to formulate a rescue plan.· They formulate detailed plans for managing both the quantitative and the qualitative costs they are bound to incur.· Accept that and formulate an organised plan of action and you're nearly there!· When the tin price collapsed, the miners formulated a plan to keep the mines open under their control with reduced costs.· Subsequent treatment After the initial period of assessment and support it should be possible to formulate a treatment plan.· In bed, in the dark, she formulated her plans. ► implement· Twenty-two others are being implemented, and plans are in hand for a further nine.· These infectious disease problems demonstrate the urgency for expeditiously implementing this plan.· Friction embraces resistance or resentment on the part of key people who have to implement the plan.· Fortunately, I received a reprieve because my boss had a nervous breakdown before he could implement his plan.· Step 11 Draw up and then implement your plan for bringing about change.· But the Senate bill designed to implement the plan contains some consumer-friendly changes that could kill it instead.· This new status may enable the museums to get themselves out of their present crisis situation and implement some plans. ► lay· We therefore laid our plans and moved out in good order over a long period of time.· We immediately began laying plans for subsequent operations to achieve what we had been unable to accomplish at Pearl Harbor.· The two countries were laying plans for a jointly operated early-warning centre that might help this.· We consult an architect, laying our current floor plan before her and describing our needs.· Taking care to avoid certain members of his household ... So the rational mind lays its rational plans.· Undaunted, Galvin laid out a ten-year plan to make Motorola the leader in the industry.· Meanwhile, the moment there was a hint of spring in the air, she began to lay her plans.· We then laid plans for the next voyage. ► make· Humanity is already making plans for its escape.· No change, however, was made in the operational plan.· The panic receded as she forced herself to make practical plans.· He made plans to welcome religious varieties, whereas elsewhere authorities suppressed or discouraged them.· He made so many plans for this wedding.· Spitzer said he was interested, met with parents of the band members and began making some plans.· They'd made their plans for escape.· Commander Byrd had made their flight plan. ► prepare· He is currently preparing a plan to unlock more working capital by the New Year.· And the agency hired by the state to prepare such a plan has refused Knapman as a client.· Conveyancers are not trained or expected to prepare original plans: it is the duty of the client to supply these.· Unfriendly takeovers represent a constant threat to underperforming companies with ill prepared strategic plans.· Then they had a draughtsman prepare the plans and sub-contracted the building.· Do not, for example, equate time spent preparing plans with impact.· Competition for employees will increase and clearly many major industries are preparing their plans to ensure that they remain competitive.· Carter ordered the Pentagon to prepare a contingency plan for military action to rescue the hostages. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► plan A, Plan A Word family
WORD FAMILYnounplanplannerplanningadjectiveplanned ≠ unplannedverbplan 1intention something you have decided to do: His plan is to get a degree in economics and then work abroad for a year. Do you have any plans for the weekend? There’s been a change of plan – we’re not going to Ibiza after all.the best plan British English (=the best course of action) Your best plan would be to take a taxi.2method/arrangement a set of actions for achieving something in the future, especially a set of actions that has been considered carefully and in detailplan for The chairman outlined the company’s plans for achieving a 10% growth in sales.plan to do something There are plans to turn the site of the factory into a park.3map a drawing similar to a map, showing roads, towns, and buildingsplan of a street plan of London4drawing a)technical a drawing of a building, room, or machine as it would be seen from above, showing the shape, size, and position of the walls, windows, and doors → elevation(4), section1(7), ground plan(1) b)a drawing that shows exactly how something will be arranged: I have to organise a seating plan for the dinner.5plan A, Plan A your first plan, which you will use if things happen the way you expect: We’re going to find a restaurant and buy a meal. That’s Plan A.6plan B, Plan B your second plan, which you can use if things do not happen the way you expect: It’s time to put Plan B into action.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 1verbshave plans· I have no plans to retire yet.change your plans· We had to change our plans at the last minute.abandon/give up your plans· The city authorities have abandoned their plans to host the Super Bowl.cancel your plans· The weather got worse, and we had to cancel our plans to have the party outdoors.shelve a plan (=cancel your plan, although you may do it later)· The plan had to be shelved because of lack of money.phrasesa change of plan· The day before my flight, my boss phoned and said there’d been a change of plan.adjectivessomebody’s immediate plans (=what they are going to do next)· So what are your immediate plans after graduation?the best plan British English (=the best thing to do)· I think the best plan is to take the train.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2verbshave a plan· Don’t worry – I have a plan.make plans (=prepare for something)· Mary has been busy making plans for her wedding.come up with a plan (=think of a plan)· The chairman must come up with a plan to get the club back on its feet.devise/formulate/draw up a plan (=make a detailed plan, especially after considering something carefully)· He devised a daring plan to steal two million dollars.· The company has already drawn up plans to develop the site.carry out a plan (=do what has been planned)· The bombers were arrested by the security forces before they could carry out their plans.keep to/stick to a plan· We’re sticking to our original plan.abandon/scrap a plan (=decide not to continue with it)· The plan was scrapped because it was too expensive.announce/unveil a plan (=officially tell people about it)· The government unveiled its plans for a shake-up of the health system.approve a plan· The plan was approved at a board meeting on 24 December.reject a plan· The plan was rejected on the grounds that it would cost too much money.outline a plan (=describe it in a general way)· They listened as he outlined his plan.implement a plan formal (=to do what has been agreed as part of an official plan)· To implement its plans, the company has entered into a partnership with another software developer.shelve a plan (=not continue with it, although you might continue with it later)· The plans will be shelved until an alternative access to the site can be found.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + planambitious· The plan was very ambitious, but it worked.detailed· The generals drew up detailed plans for the invasion.cunning/clever/ingenious· They devised a cunning plan to get back their money.· The gang devised a cunning plan to rob the bank.a five-year/ten-year etc plan· Unesco has a 25-year plan to provide basic education to all.a grand plan (=a plan that involves doing a lot of things in order to achieve something big)· Marrying the countess was all part of his grand plan.a master plan (=a detailed plan for dealing with a complicated situation)· The governors came up with a master plan for saving the school.a business plan· We’ve developed a business plan to take over the company.a peace plan· Both sides have agreed to implement the UN peace plan.a rescue plan (=a plan for saving a company, economy etc)· Which rescue plan offers the company the best prospects of survival?an action plan· My accountant developed a detailed action plan with specific targets.phrasesgo according to plan (=happen in the way that was arranged)· If everything goes according to plan, we’ll finish in January.a plan of action· Ministers are discussing a plan of action to deal with the crisis.a plan of attack (=a plan to attack or achieve something)· At this stage, you go back to the office and work on a plan of attack.a plan of campaign British English (=a plan to achieve something)· What we need now is a plan of campaign.COMMON ERRORS ► Don’t say ‘do a plan’. Say make a plan.THESAURUS– Meaning 2plan a set of actions for achieving something in the future, especially a set of actions that has been considered carefully and in detail: · Leaders outlined a plan to end the fighting.plot/conspiracy a secret plan to do something bad or illegal, made by a group of people: · There was a plot to assassinate the president.· a terrorist conspiracyscheme British English an official plan that is intended to help people: · The government has introduced a new scheme to help young people find work.strategy a carefully designed plan which is intended to achieve a particular purpose over a long period of time: · the company’s business strategy· The government’s economic strategy has been criticized by many experts.· We need to develop effective strategies for combating the sale of counterfeit goods.initiative a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular aim: · a peace initiative· a major new initiative to tackle street crimepolicy a plan that members of a government, political party, company etc agree on, that states how they intend to deal with a particular subject or problem: · the government’s immigration policy· It’s company policy to allow people to work from home.programme British English, program American English a series of activities that a government or organization organizes, which aims to achieve something important and will continue for a long time: · a five-year programme which will create 2,000 new jobs· federal programs for low-income housingplan1 nounplan2 verb planplan2 ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tense and past participle planned, present participle planning) Verb TableVERB TABLE plan
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatora plan to do something► plan Collocations something that you have decided to do, and the methods you will use to do it: · Her plan is to finish her degree and then go and teach in Japan.plan to do something: · The school has plans to build a computer centre.plan for: · NASA has announced plans for a new space mission to Mars.business/career etc plan: · You can't get a loan to start a new company if you don't have a good business plan.make plans: · By January, many people are already making plans for their summer holidays.go according to plan (=when things happen exactly as you intended): · Everything went according to plan, and we all crossed the river safely.a plan falls through (=when you cannot do what you intended to do, because something unexpected happens): · There was an airline strike in India, and all our plans fell through at the last minute.plan A/plan B (=use this when you are saying that you have two possible plans, in case the first one is not successful): · Plan A obviously wasn't going to work, so we had to resort to plan B. ► plan of action/game plan informal a detailed plan explaining exactly how to achieve something: · Here's my game plan, Roger. I want to make the magazine a monthly, and cut it down to sixty or seventy pages.decide/devise/put forward etc a plan of action: · If the problem continues, discuss a plan of action with your colleagues. ► strategy a carefully designed plan for achieving something that is difficult and may take a long time: strategy for doing something: · We need a new strategy for increasing our sales in Europe.· Murdoch bought several TV stations, as part of his strategy for building a media empire.strategy of: · The rebels' strategy of guerrilla warfare has been remarkably successful.a/an campaign/economic/military etc strategy: · the President's long-term economic strategy ► programme British /program American a series of activities, organized by a government or other large organization, that is designed to achieve something important and will continue for a long time: programme of: · The irrigation project is part of a programme of aid to West Africa.training/research/space etc programme: · It's a major research program, aimed at developing cheaper fuels.launch a programme: · The government has launched a programme to help unemployed young people find work. ► policy a plan or set of principles agreed by the members of a government, a political group, a company etc, that says how they intend to deal with a particular subject or problem: · It is not our policy to reveal our clients' names.environmental/monetary/economic etc policy: · Most large companies these days operate an equal opportunities policy.· US foreign policy (=towards other countries)policy on: · the government's policy on Europepolicy towards: · The Cuban revolution resulted in a reassessment of Washington's policy towards the Third World generally.policy of: · A new ruler might adopt a policy of drastically cutting back oil production in order to boost prices. ► scheme British an official plan that is intended to help particular groups of people, for example people who are very poor, without jobs, or who need a better education: scheme to do something: · Several organizations run schemes to help women find work after their children have started school. a training/literacy/resettlement etc scheme: · The government's Youth Training Scheme soon ran into difficulties.· Adult literacy schemes have been run with great success in the inner cities. ► budget a plan that shows exactly what things you will spend a particular amount of money on: household/food/advertising etc budget: · Mum always worked out the household budget according to what we could afford.· The company has had to cut £46,000 from its advertising budget.over/under budget (=having spent more or less than the amount planned): · Several of our recent projects have been wildly over budget.· The renovation work to St George's Hall was completed six months ahead of schedule and under budget.budget deficit (=a situation in which more money has been spent than is available): · Texas faces a budget deficit of over $4 billion.balance the/your budget (=make sure that only the money available is spent): · The council has said that jobs will have to be cut in order to balance the budget. ► blueprint a completely new plan for important changes or ways of dealing with a problem: blueprint for: · Conservation groups have suggested a blueprint for a "Green World".· A panel of advisors is urging The White House to adopt a blueprint for dealing with such emergencies. a plan to do something bad► plot a secret plan to do something bad, especially to the members of a government: · The plot was quickly discovered, and five men were arrested.plot to do something: · a plot to assassinate the Presidentplot against: · Janis was suspected of masterminding a plot against US airlines in East Asia. ► conspiracy a secret and usually complicated plan made by two or more people to do something bad or illegal together: conspiracy to do something: · There was a conspiracy to defraud the company of millions of dollars.conspiracy against: · Reynolds was charged with conspiracy against the government. ► scheme a plan to do something bad or illegal, especially one that you consider to be stupid or unlikely to be successful: · He's always coming up with these dumb schemes for making money that just land us in trouble. ► intrigue secret planning and arrangements, agreed in order to gain advantages and power for yourself: · The world of politics is a world of deception and intrigue. a plan of the times when things will happen► timetable British /schedule American a written list that shows the exact times when something will happen, for example when planes or buses leave, or when classes at school take place: · The timetable said there was another train at 6.15.· According to my schedule, we've got Math first and then Biology.bus/train/school timetable: · Have you got the new bus timetable for this year?timetable of: · I'd like a schedule of the flights from Boston to New York, please. ► schedule a detailed plan of what someone is going to do and when they will do it, especially someone important: · The President's schedule includes a two-day visit to St Petersburg.busy/tight schedule (=when you plan to do a lot of things in a short time): · She has a pretty tight schedule, but she may be able to meet you for lunch.light schedule (=one that is not very busy): · I make sure that I have a fairly light schedule in the summer when the kids are on vacation.on schedule (=at or according to the time planned): · Tom arrived on schedule at twenty to eight.ahead of/behind schedule (=before/later than the time planned): · For once, I managed to finish the book I was writing ahead of schedule.· Due to the bad weather, the building work was already behind schedule. ► programme British /program American a plan that shows the order of activities at a ceremony, sports meeting, public event etc: · The next race on today's program is the women's 1000 meters.· Who is organizing the conference programme? someone who plans something► planner someone who works for a government or a company, and who plans how future situations and problems should be dealt with according to what they think is likely to happen: · The proposal will be carefully examined by a committee of executives, planners and consultants.financial/military/environmental etc planners: · Economic planners fear that there will be a 5% fall in real incomes next year.· a financial planner· Military planners and diplomats worry that the North's increasing distress over food supplies could provoke it to invade the South. ► architect the person who originally thought of an important and successful plan, especially in politics or business: the architect of something: · Beveridge is usually thought of as the architect of the British National Health Service.· the chief architect of the election victory ► mastermind a person who cleverly plans a complicated operation, especially in order to carry out a crime: · The court heard that it was Mrs Thompson who was the mastermind, not her husband.the mastermind behind/of something: · Andres is the mastermind behind a huge drug-smuggling operation.a criminal mastermind: · The film stars Morgan Freeman as a criminal mastermind. to make plans► plan to think carefully about something you are going to do, and decide how you will do it: · Sue spent months planning her trip.· The burglary had obviously been very carefully planned.plan how/what/where etc: · Have you planned how you're going to spend your prize money?plan for: · I think we should plan for about 50 guests.· We're planning for rain because the forecast isn't good.have something planned (=have planned something carefully already): · Don't worry, I have the whole evening planned. ► make plans to think about and talk about something that you intend to do, especially something that needs to be carefully planned: · We sat around the table, talking, laughing, and making plans.make plans for: · I've already started to make plans for the wedding - there's so much to do. ► make arrangements to organize the details of an event or trip, such as the times in which things will happen: · I'd booked the flight and made all the arrangements well in advance.make arrangements for: · John's brother kindly made the arrangements for the funeral.make arrangements to do something: · Vivian and her boyfriend are making arrangements to join us in Australia.make arrangements with: · Please telephone and make arrangements with my secretary. ► work out especially British also figure out American to think carefully about how you are going to do something, especially something complicated or difficult, and plan a good way of doing it: · Management consultant Peter Brant worked out the schedule in October 1983.· UN negotiators have figured out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.work/figure out a way of doing something: · The first thing you'll have to do is figure out a way of earning the money.work out what/where/how etc: · I'll certainly go back to my job once I've worked out who's going to look after the kids during the day.have it all worked/figured out (=have completely planned how you are going to do something): · The killer, whoever he was, had it all worked out. ► map out to plan all the details of how something is going to develop in the future, especially over a long period of time: · Representatives from several European countries met to map out details of the proposed aid program.have your future/career/education etc mapped out: · Jodie has her career all mapped out.· By the time he was 15, his parents already had his future mapped out. ► budget to plan how you will spend your money during a certain period of time or for a particular activity: · Mark's capable of earning a lot, but he's no idea how to budget or save.· Our annual expenditure on training has been carefully budgeted.budget for: · At university, young people have to budget for their living expenses, and organise their time. ► formulate if members of a government, company, or other organization formulate a plan or proposal, they decide the details of what is going to be done: · Changes to the education system should be formulated by teachers not politicians.formulate a plan/policy/proposal etc: · The government has set up a working party to formulate proposals for reducing environmental pollution. ► mastermind to be the person who is in charge of planning a complicated or difficult operation, especially a crime: · The raid, one of the most daring crimes of the century, was masterminded by Italian playboy, Giovanni Cattani.· Well-known as a tough industrialist, he masterminded 50 company takeovers in one year. to plan something that will happen a long time in the future► plan ahead · Once you have children, it's wise to plan ahead.· Fluctuations in oil prices on the world market make it impossible for developing countries to plan ahead.plan ahead for · It's never too soon to start planning ahead for your retirement. ► look ahead to think about what may happen in the future so that you are aware of it when you make plans: · By looking ahead, management are then in a good position to anticipate potential problems.look ahead to: · All footballers have to look ahead to the time when they leave the game. ► forward planning British /future planning American the activity of thinking carefully about what will happen in the future, and including this in your present plans, especially in order to make possible problems easier to deal with when the time comes: · With a little more forward planning, we could have avoided these problems.· Expert advice is available for investors who wish to engage in future planning. to plan something bad► plot to make secret plans to do something wrong or illegal: · The court heard how Mrs Taylor and her lover had plotted the murder of her husband.plot to do something: · Three men were charged with plotting to plant the biggest bomb ever in Central London.plot against: · Plotting against the government was punishable by death. ► scheme to secretly make clever and dishonest plans to get or achieve something: scheme to do something: · Behind the scenes, a small group was scheming to remove the Chairman from office.· Against all the rules of the competition, Nick was scheming to win.scheme against: · As the King got older, he became convinced that his family were scheming against him. ► conspire if two or more people conspire to do something illegal or harmful, they plan secretly to do it: conspire to do something: · Ten men were convicted of conspiring to bomb the UN and the FBI buildings in New York.· Kevin Maxwell faced two charges of conspiring to defraud pensioners.conspire against: · The President called a meeting and accused his aides of conspiring against him.conspire with: · There was no doubt that they were conspiring with other African guerrilla movements. ways of saying that something is being planned► be in the pipeline if something such as a new product or a change is in the pipeline , it is being planned and prepared and it will be ready soon: · After considerable market research, several new products are now in the pipeline.· There are one or two important changes in the pipeline. ► be in the planning stages also be at the planning stage British if something such as a product is in the planning stages , it is being planned, but the final details have not yet been decided: · A new museum is currently at the planning stage at Bowness.· The programme is only in the planning stages, and is not likely to be broadcast until next year. ► afoot if something new, interesting, strange, or dishonest is afoot , someone is planning it, especially secretly: · From information received, it was thought that some illegal activity was afoot.· A quick look round the research and development facility in Versailles revealed a number of interesting software projects afoot.plans/changes/moves etc are afoot: · Plans are now afoot for an important exhibition of Canaletto in England.· Apparently, moves are afoot to ban smoking in public places. words for describing something that has been planned► planned · Some people prefer a vacation with a lot of planned activities.· The number of planned job cuts by major US businesses declined in October from a year ago. ► scheduled planned to happen at a particular time: · Heavy snow closed airports and forced the cancellation of scheduled budget talks at the White House.scheduled to do something: · A UN mission was scheduled to leave on February 29.scheduled for: · The play was originally scheduled for October, but it had to be cancelled. ► strategic done as part of a plan, especially in a military, business, or political situation, in order to gain an advantage against your opponents: · The British army made a strategic withdrawal across the English Channel.· The two countries agreed to join together in a strategic alliance. ► well/carefully thought out something that is well thought out has been carefully planned so that it will work well and achieve its desired results: · If you're planning to take a year out between school and university, it needs to be carefully thought out.· The average worker's long-term financial security will depend upon having a well-thought-out personal finance plan. not planned► unplanned · As a surprise, we decided to make an unplanned visit to my mother's.· Very few burglaries are completely unplanned.· Unplanned pregnancies in the US each year are estimated at 3 million. ► spontaneous something that is spontaneous is done because you suddenly feel you want to do it, not because you have arranged to do it or been asked to do it: · The crowd gave a spontaneous cheer when the news was announced.· The invitation was completely spontaneous.· an act of spontaneous generosity ► impromptu done or happening without any planning or preparation: · We finished the day with an impromptu game of football in a nearby field.· Jem's impromptu speech met with thunderous applause. ► not well thought out something that is not well thought out has not been planned carefully enough and therefore is unlikely to work well: · Reagan's plan was a bold one, but it was not well thought out.· If your business proposal is not very well thought out, you will find it difficult to get financial backing. ► ad hoc not planned or organized in advance: · You never know when you might have to have an ad hoc meeting with a client.· Historical records have often been kept in an ad hoc way, so that our information is not complete.on an ad hoc basis (=when you need to do it, not in a planned way): · Most companies have some people working for them on an ad hoc basis. to not try to plan things, but deal with them as they happen► take something as it comes to not worry about or plan for something that has not happened yet, but decide what to do when it happens: · I always think the best way of approaching an interview is to take it as it comes.take things as they come: · The only way to manage when you have small kids is to take things as they come.take life as it comes/take each day as it comes: · If I were you, I'd just enjoy each day and take life as it comes. ► play it by ear spoken to not make plans about how to deal with a particular situation, but decide to wait until it actually happens and hope that you will know what to do then: · "Shall we tell Dad what's happened?" "Let's play it by ear and see what sort of mood he's in."· We've booked the flight, but not the accommodation -- we'll play it by ear when we get there. ► live from day to day to not plan very far in the future because you have too many problems now to be able to think about what may happen later: · Since Jim got ill, we've just had to live from day to day.· There's nothing as depressing as living from day to day, as the unemployed are forced to do. ► one day at a time if you deal with a problem or difficult situation one day at a time , you try to think about just what is happening in the present and do not try to plan what you will do in the future: · I've no idea where we'll live. Anyway, one day at a time.take/live one day at a time: · In order to overcome their addiction, they have to learn to take one day at a time. to plan how something new will look or work► design to make drawings or plans of something new that will be made or built: · Sally designs and makes all her own clothes.· The car was designed and built in Korea.be well/badly/poorly designed: · The offices weren't very well designed - the rooms are too small and it's much too hot in summer.be designed to do something: · Airbags are currently designed to protect average-sized adult males. ► plan to design a large area, such as a town or a park, and decide how all the different parts should be arranged and what it should look like: · It took them years to plan and build the plaza downtown.· The town was originally planned in the 1950s, when there were fewer cars.· We planned the building very carefully with special facilities for the disabled. to intend to do something► intend to do something if you intend to do something, you have decided that you want to do it at some time in the future: · I wasn't sure why he'd done it, but I intended to find out.· Most of these students intend to continue their education at university.· Her lawyers stated that they intended to call at least five witnesses. ► mean to do something especially spoken to intend to do something - use this especially when you forget to do something or did not have the chance to do it: · I've been meaning to phone Anne for ages.· I meant to tell you, but I forgot.· Sorry, I didn't mean to scare you. ► be going to do something especially spoken if you are going to do something, you have arranged to do it at a particular time - use this to talk about definite arrangements: · Ruth and Al are going to move to Seattle.· I'm going to go to the hospital tomorrow.· The committee is going to have several meetings to get student input. ► plan to do something to intend to do something - use this especially when you have thought carefully about when and how you will do something: · Josie's planning to return to work after she's had the baby.· We're planning to go on vacation in October.· The Board plans to release the report to the press on Sept. 11. ► be looking to do something informal to intend to achieve something that you are sure you can achieve: · The company is looking to increase its sales in Europe during the next two years.· The Redskins will be looking to repeat their Super Bowl victory next season. ► set out to do something to decide to do something and make plans for how you will achieve it, especially in a very determined way: · He set out to make Newcastle the best football team in the country.· The new administration set out to develop a better immigration policy. ► be out to do something informal to intend to do something and be determined to succeed: · A young man from Norway is out to be the youngest person ever to finish the race.· Manchester United are out to win the European Cup this year.be out to get somebody (=to intend to do something that harms someone else): · Brock believes that Aaronson is out to ruin his reputation. ► it is somebody's intention to do something formal use this in public statements, news reports, meetings etc in order to tell people what someone intends to do: · It is our intention to become the number one distributor of health products in the UK.· It was never the department's intention to prevent teachers from trying out new ideas. ► with intent to do something use this especially in legal contexts about someone who deliberately intends to do something bad: do something with intent to do something: · Kelly was accused of carrying a deadly weapon with intent to endanger life.· He is charged with using a false name with intent to commit fraud. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► went as planned Phrases The wedding was fine and everything went as planned (=happened the way it had been planned). ► plan ahead/plan for the future Now that you’re pregnant you’ll have to plan ahead. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► went according to plan Everything went according to plan, and we arrived on time. ► a plan of action· The General outlined his plan of action for the campaign.· Environmental groups have put forward an action plan. ► moves/plans/changes afoot There were plans afoot for a second attack. ► agree a price/plan/strategy etc We agreed a new four-year contract. ► plan ahead Unless we plan ahead (=plan for the future) we are going to be in a mess. ► announce a decision/intention/plan The government has announced plans to create 10,000 new jobs. ► a planning application (=an official request for permission to build something)· We have lodged a planning application for a housing development on the site. ► planning approval (=official approval needed before building something)· The construction work will be subject to planning approval. ► austerity programme/plan/package a tough new austerity programme ► carefully planned/chosen/controlled etc carefully chosen words ► a family planning clinic (=giving advice about how to prevent pregnancy)· There are family planning clinics all over the country. ► planned/timed/arranged to coincide The show is timed to coincide with the launch of a new book. ► a planning committee British English (=one that considers requests to build new buildings)· Several concerns were raised at the planning committee. ► planning consent British English (=consent to build a new building or change an old one)· You will need to apply for planning consent. ► contingency plan a contingency plan ► a controversial plan/proposal/policy· the controversial plan to build a new airport ► corporate planning/strategy (=the activity of planning what a big company needs to do to succeed)· Roche is the man in charge of corporate planning. ► plan/plot a coup· They were arrested and accused of plotting a coup against the government. ► plan/develop/design a curriculum· Fifty academics have been involved in developing the new school curriculum. ► plan/work something out in detail· I haven't worked our trip out in detail yet. ► a development programme/plan/project· the United Nations Development Programme ► devise a plan/scheme· Together they devised a clever plan to escape. ► discuss a plan/idea· It’s a good idea to discuss your plans with your parents. ► draw up a plan/scheme· Local authorities have drawn up new plans for waste disposal. ► drop a plan· The company has dropped its plan to build a hotel on the site. ► plan an escape· We planned our escape carefully and waited for just the right moment. ► an escape plan· You should have an escape plan in the event of a fire. ► an expansion plan· The city’s ambitious expansion plans will require major investment. ► a flight plan (=the planned route of an aircraft)· For some reason the pilot diverged from the flight plan. ► formulate a policy/plan/strategy etc He formulated Labour Party education policy in 1922. ► plan for the future (also make plans for the future) (=think carefully about the future and decide what you are going to do)· As soon as she knew she was pregnant, she started to plan for the future. ► somebody’s hopes/fears/plans for the future· What are your hopes for the future? ► grandiose scheme/plan/idea etc grandiose schemes of urban renewal ► implement a policy/plan/decision etc We have decided to implement the committee’s recommendations in full. ► the best-laid plans (=plans that have been made carefully) Bad weather can upset even the best-laid travel plans. ► plans local authority· The local authority plans to close the school. ► plan local authority· The local authority plan to close the school. ► long-range planning/plan/forecast etc a long-range weather forecast the long-range goal of the project ► long-term plan/strategy/solution► plan a menu (=decide what foods will be served)· Erika began planning a menu for the dinner party. ► a peace plan· The leadership rejected the peace plan. ► planning permission (=official permission to build a new building or change an existing one)· The bank has applied for planning permission to redevelop a 1¼-acre site. ► proceeding according to plan Work is proceeding according to plan. ► put forward a plan/scheme· Both parties have put forward plans for political reform. ► a reduction plan/programme/scheme· The terms of the treaty call for a three-phase troop reduction programme. ► planning regulations (=relating to what buildings can be built in an area)· The house must be demolished because it does not conform to planning regulations. ► a rescue plan/package (=plan to save a company, economy etc that is in trouble)· They drew up a rescue plan that involved restructuring the firm. ► planning restrictions (=legal restrictions on what buildings can be built somewhere)· There are government proposals to relax planning restrictions on green belt areas around cities. ► plan your route· We studied the map and planned our route. ► seating plan/arrangements the seating plan for the wedding dinner ► strategic planning strategic planning meetings ► vacation plans (=an idea about what you want to do on your vacation)· Do you have any vacation plans this summer? COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► ahead· Order, order Always plan ahead to save time and unnecessary effort.· Plan ahead and check everything you have planned.· He knows how to handle situations and can plan ahead for things.· Life was like wei chi in that respect; the master chose to play a waiting game, to plan ahead.· For those willing to plan ahead however, this is nothing to lament.· As with all questions affecting retirement, it is sensible if possible to plan ahead.· Indeed, language is all about constructing unique sequences, and so is planning ahead for tomorrow. ► already· Richmond said McHale was already planning his side for the next campaign.· Didja hear Judith is already planning a sequel?· It already plans to build a $ 3 billion chip plant near Richmond, Virginia, to make PowerPC microprocessors.· There are already plans to make the £26,000 jingle into a hit single and show the ad in cinemas.· Dole may receive some help from the national Republican Party, which is already planning to run ads criticizing Clinton administration policies.· The Sister Superior at Bartestree says the nuns were already planning to sell up.· When news broke, he seemed to have already planned his response. ► also· There are also plans to log 57,500 hectares of ancient forest, containing trees of up to 600 years old.· He also plans to offset Forbes' popular flat-tax plan with his own proposal: a 16 percent flat rate.· Members are also planning to sell badges of its bee logo to boost funds.· The company also plans to triple its office space next month in a move from Sunnyvale to Palo Alto.· They are also planning to raise tax rates on higher incomes.· He also planned to recommend not one, but three solid pastoral candidates of whom the cardinal could take his pick.· There are also plans to take pupils on outings to Wimbledon and Ascot, and there will be nights at the opera.· Amgen also plans to buy back between $ 350 million to $ 450 million of stock in 1996. ► carefully· The whole life span of a record, including its creation needs to be planned carefully.· There simply is no replacement for a rigorous, carefully planned sequence of academic course work.· He planned carefully so that there was always time and no panic.· As we saw in Chapter 7, a growing firm must plan carefully to finance its growth.· The work should be planned carefully, however, to ensure that the pupils are getting something out of it as well.· He carefully planned his exit from corporate life.· All reports should be carefully planned, so you should first examine source material.· However, the second sowing must be carefully planned. NOUN► action· The truth is that not a single one of the official groups organising protests is planning violent action.· Neither understanding nor desire nor planning nor action come with-out effort.· Teachers who for years had planned in terms of appropriate actions could not overnight apply their minds to appropriate meanings as well.· Editing tables requires some planning and careful action.· He is is now planning legal action to get compensation.· He also was closely involved in planning the action.· Earlier, Selby's brother Jon expressed fears that the authorities were planning military action.· It aids the user in planning and conceptualizing an action oriented or planning activity. ► advance· But it is also useful to plan formal dissemination in advance.· Everything he did was planned in advance.· When you want to move somewhere you plan it in advance, you prepare yourself for the change.· Unlike child care considerations, which often can be planned months in advance, eldercare issues often occur without warning.· It concluded that suspicion existed that the action had been planned in advance and was directed by two commands with different instructions.· Special events can be planned well in advance, and the game itself becomes more of a spectacle.· To avoid sitting in front of a blank piece of card and wondering what to do, you should plan your design in advance.· I want you to plan that day in advance. ► city· This was considered to be the ideal layout and was followed where a new city was planned.· Model cities stressed local planning flexibility and the coordination of federal grant programs.· For years, annexation has been the primary means by which city officials planned for growth.· The city is planning to talk with local commercial brokers about what can be done to improve the business environment.· The city plans to build a new $ 60 million dispatch center, scheduled to open by 1999.· The city plans a huge grand opening party, including free skating and soccer, food and professional demonstrations.· But this year the city is again planning an assault on that unconscionable pattern with its tree recycling program.· A series of meetings with the city planning authorities culminated in discussions during the spring and summer of 1986. ► company· Together, these companies plan to recruit well over 50, 000 workers during 1996· The company also plans to triple its office space next month in a move from Sunnyvale to Palo Alto.· The company also plans to improve its debt to capital ratio further, to 0.5.· The company is also planning to expand the life of the existing Magnox reactors by another 10 years.· In December, Mr Julian says, many companies were planning longer-than-normal down time during the holidays.· But the company planning the takeover has said its determined to fight on, and has extended its deadline for shareholders.· The company plans to introduce an electric pickup in 1998. ► event· The hospice is planning a major fund-raising event for June.· The organisers have apologised to all those who had planned to attend the event.· After the initial excitement of announcing the engagement and setting a date, planning the event begins.· The social worker discussed with Enid the possibility of planning such events into her week.· Further details will be sent out in due course but please lodge your interest early to help them plan the event.· Daybook items are listings of planned daily events. ► family· They had even heard that Angel's family were planning for him to marry a neighbour's daughter.· Audio family conferences are planned weekly.· Let us suppose the Smith family have planned a picnic in the country in a few days time.· Most researchers doubt that there has ever been a strong direct correlation between Church policy and individual family planning decisions.· But a family planning a wedding reception would be able to claim exemption from import duty.· These secular concerns influence age at marriage, equality within marriage, and the confidence to use family planning services.· Now she has the ability to access family planning sources without her husband.· The position, which still pertains, is as close as the Church has ever come to legitimizing family planning. ► future· The only satisfactory resolution is to plan future visits in order to complete a thorough sampling.· If a social worker comes to see your family, you can ask what is being planned for your future.· Attention is needed not only for the here and now but for planning the future.· There is a meeting of shareholders being planned to discuss the future of the Bank of Edinburgh.· It could also serve as a basis for planning a future meeting.· How should they use it to plan the future of the car industry and those who depend on it?· Together they plan for a future in New York City with more exotic women than one is apt to find in Indiana. ► government· The Government plans to increase renewables from 3 % at present to 10 % of electricity in 2010.· The Government plans to sell 51 % initially, with 46 % staying in public ownership.· They have all but declared war on three government initiatives planned in and around the town.· The government has responded by planning offshore wind farms on the Ijsselmeer.· Given modern technology, firms can be flexible vis-a-vis the market and vis-a-vis government plans.· The government is planning lavish festivities to entertain all the friends that it claims to have.· Reports earlier in the month suggested that the government had already planned to impose a period of martial law. ► trip· I was not planning a trip to Alice Springs, I pointed out.· The equity department was planning a boat trip to become further acquainted with the trainees on its short list.· She'd thought a lot about this since they'd planned the trip.· Got to plan my next trip.· You can plan your own trip from there, or ask us to help.· They are planning a trip together, arranging where to meet, discussing what to bring.· By the time we were packing the chutes we were both hooked and planning another trip.· It is strongly advised to check with the U. S. State Department for the latest security condition while planning this trip. VERB► help· Here are two rules which may help to plan a forced win.· The network focuses on a single application: networking powerful computers to help doctors plan radiation therapy for cancer treatment.· Who can help you to plan this and what services will this patient need?· Moreover, those who have helped you plan your communication will give it their active support. 5.· The aim of the coming inquiry was to help the Society plan its next moves regarding Rakhat.· So they helped plan our wedding instead.· Knowledge of social problems will help a nurse to plan for discharge.· She also is helping friends plan other kinds of graduation celebrations. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► advance planning/warning/booking etc Word family
WORD FAMILYnounplanplannerplanningadjectiveplanned ≠ unplannedverbplan 1[intransitive, transitive] to think carefully about something you want to do, and decide how and when you will do it: He immediately began planning his escape. Talks are planned for next week. The wedding was fine and everything went as planned (=happened the way it had been planned).plan to do something Maria didn’t plan to kill Fiona. It was an accident.plan ahead/plan for the future Now that you’re pregnant you’ll have to plan ahead.2[transitive] to intend to do somethingplan to do something He said he planned to write his essay tonight.plan on doing something When do you plan on going to Geneva? The former president is planning a return to politics.3[transitive] to think about something you are going to make, and decide what it will be like SYN design: Planning a small garden is often difficult. The system needs to be planned carefully.plan something ↔ out phrasal verb to plan something carefully, considering all the possible problems: I’ll get the maps so we can plan out our route. → planning |
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