politicalpo‧lit‧i‧cal /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ ●●● S2 W1 adjective 
Education is now a major political issue. a time of political and social changepolitical party/system/institutions The U.S. has two main political parties. The UN is seeking a political solution rather than a military one. political jokes the workers’ struggle for political power2relating to the ways that different people have power within a group, organization etc: a purely political decision The appointment was given to Wellington, mainly for political reasons.3[not before noun] interested in or active in politics: Most students aren’t very political.4political football a difficult problem which opposing politicians argue about or which each side deals with in a way that will bring them advantage: Funding of the health service has become a political football.COLLOCATIONSnounsa political party· I am not a member of any political party.a political system· Our political system should give ordinary citizens more power.a political leader· a strong political leaderpolitical power· The poor have little political power.political rights· Every individual should have equal political rights.somebody's political career· He is facing the biggest decision of his political career.political life· At that time women were excluded from the political life of the country.a political issue· Health care has become a major political issue.a political solution· They are eager for a political solution after years of war.
WORD ORIGINpolitical
Origin:
1500-1600 Latin politicus; ➔ POLITICEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- political activists
- political jokes and satire
- Harris has his own political agenda in the company.
- He asked me to explain the British political system.
- McEnroe loves the atmosphere at Westminster - he's a real political animal.
- Mike's never been a political person.
- Nixon had many political enemies.
- She began her political career as a city councillor.
- The people are demanding political change.
- The U.N. is seeking a political solution rather than a military one.
- The U.S. has two main political parties.
- There are two main political parties in the US.
- But the political solutions which he advocated in the 1930s were not so.
- But those proposed amendments are merely the ones that generate the most political heat.
- Critics say the process was subjective and open to political manipulation.
- Description of social conditions was a preliminary to political reform.
- More recently there has been a steep decline in the support for political union.
- The proposal for the Assembly came originally from Chaianan Samudavanij, a well known political scientist.
- Walesa had secured the backing of virtually all of the country's political and social organizations, including the Catholic Church.
- You don't have to be madly blunt in a political sense.
Longman Language Activatoractivities and ideas relating to the government of a country or area
· Maria is very interested in politics and current affairs.be in politics/be involved in politics · She's been in politics for over twenty years.go into politics/enter politics (=begin to work or be active in politics) · He made the decision to go into politics last year.British/French/American etc politics · The University runs a course in American politics and government.party politics (=politics involving official political organizations that compete against each other in order to gain power) · Most of the people questioned thought that unions should not get involved in party politics.local politics (=politics in one part of a country) · Thomson has always been deeply involved in local politics.the world of politics · an important figure in the world of politics
connected with the government of a country or local area: · The people are demanding political change.· She began her political career as a city councillor.· He asked me to explain the British political system.political party (=an organization with particular opinions that tries to gain power in a country): · There are two main political parties in the US.political animal (=someone who enjoys being involved in politics): · McEnroe loves the atmosphere at Westminster - he's a real political animal.
WORD SETSadversarial, adjectiveamnesty, nounanarchism, nounanarchist, nounanticlerical, adjectivearms control, nounbigot, nounbigoted, adjectivebigotry, nounbilateral, adjectiveBlimp, nouncarpetbagger, nouncaucus, nounchancellor, nouncoalition, nounconsensus, nounconstituency, nounconstitutionalism, nounconsumerism, nouncredo, noundemagogue, noundestabilize, verbdétente, noundisorder, noundissent, noundivine right, nounferment, nounfirebrand, noungerrymandering, nounheartland, nounhonours list, nouninterventionist, adjectiveisolationism, nounliberal, adjectiveliberal, nounliberalism, nounlobby, nounlobby, verbMaoism, nounnationalistic, adjective-ocracy, suffix-ocrat, suffixopinion-makers, nounopinion poll, nounpersonality cult, nounpetition, nounphoto opportunity, nounplacard, nounplatform, nounpolitical, adjectivepolitical asylum, nounpolitical geography, nounpolitical machine, nounpopulist, adjectivepork barrel, nounprivilege, nounpropaganda, nounrealpolitik, nounrevolution, nounsoapbox, nounsound bite, nounstump, verbsubversive, adjectivesubvert, verbwar of words, nounwheeler-dealer, nounwheeling and dealing, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYnouns The firm’s success is largely due to Brannon’s commercial acumen. the newspaper’s political affiliations The people here have strong political allegiances. a network of political allies political bias in the press people with financial clout Marxism has never been weaker as a political creed. people on both sides of the political divide the rejection of political dogma the economic and political dominance of Western countries the domination of power by a small political elite the ethics of political expediency The political fallout of the affair cost him his job. the artistic ferment of the late sixth century Marx founded a new science: the science of the history of social formations. On the technical front, there have been a number of important developments. During this period the family unit becomes the natural social grouping. The issue has become a political hot potato. a man of great moral integrity It’s an exciting story of political intrigue and murder. the country’s continuing political isolation his radical political leanings the political machinations of far right groups the era when the Republic came to political maturity Any government funding would be temporary in nature. The support being given is of a practical nature. I’m afraid it’s become a matter of economic necessity. They suffered years of political oppression. The meeting is open to everyone, whatever their political or religious orientation. a party political broadcast on television We need people with talent, whatever their political persuasions. Refugees were seeking political asylum in Britain. No country would grant (=give) him political asylum. He dismissed the Senator’s comments as ‘political posturing’. If you believe the fashion pundits, we’ll all be wearing pink this year. a decision made for purely political reasons the environmental ramifications of the road-building program The speech was dismissed by some people as merely political rhetoric. a comedy group that does political satire Let’s look at the questions from an economic standpoint. the prospect of another week of political turmoil the victim of a political vendetta From an ecological viewpoint, the motorway has been a disaster. the re-emergence of Richard Nixon from the political wilderness in 1968
· I am not a member of any political party.
· Our political system should give ordinary citizens more power.
· a strong political leader
· The poor have little political power.
· Every individual should have equal political rights.
· He is facing the biggest decision of his political career.
· At that time women were excluded from the political life of the country.
· Health care has become a major political issue.
· They are eager for a political solution after years of war.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES· Some forms of political action are more effective than others.
· Political activity is closely controlled by the government.
The firm’s success is largely due to Brannon’s commercial acumen.· Republicans have a political advantage in most of those areas.
· The military promised to stay out of political affairs.
the newspaper’s political affiliations· Immigration is an important issue on the political agenda.
· We utterly condemn any acts of violence in pursuit of political aims.
The people here have strong political allegiances.· They agreed not to make any political alliance with the East.
a network of political allies· His political ambitions were put on hold while he waited for a suitable opportunity.
· His book provided a scientific analysis of human behaviour.
· a survey of people’s political attitudes
· By this time, the political balance in the Cabinet had altered.
· Most of the technical barriers have been solved.
political bias in the press· Reforms could extend the geographical and political boundaries of the EU.
(=a short television advertisement made by a political party)· How are party political broadcasts funded?
· She was involved in many political campaigns.
· The scandal ruined his political career.
· Demands for political and social change are growing.
· Afterwards there was widespread famine and economic chaos.
· There has been a lot of debate about this issue in political circles.
· At the time the political climate was moving steadily to the right.
people with financial clout· a political coalition of centre parties
· There was no local political commitment to the proposal.
· In the past they have tried to exchange territorial concessions for peace.
· Widespread unemployment often leads to social conflict.
· The scientific consensus is that global warming is already occurring.
· The rise in food prices has had enormous economic and political consequences.
· Were the killings part of a political conspiracy?
· A team of political consultants shaped his election campaign.
· You often need to understand the cultural context of jokes.
· The agreement attracted a lot of political controversy.
· The association deals with trade and economic cooperation.
· As our political correspondent wrote last week, this decision is welcome.
· It is a country with a long history of political corruption.
(=the courage to take risks in politics)· Do our politicians have the political courage to make unpopular decisions?
· He claims the election coverage has been biased against him.
· A school's academic credibility often depends on its exam results.
Marxism has never been weaker as a political creed.· The country was headed into an economic crisis.
· The winning product must satisfy a range of environmental criteria.
· After weeks of negotiation the prospect of a political deal seemed increasingly unlikely.
(=involving members of political parties)· There was much political debate on pensions reform.
(=to protest about the government or a political policy)· She was arrested twice for her part in political demonstrations.
· the major cultural differences between the west and the east
· Doctors face a moral dilemma over how long to prolong someone's life.
· His writing has a strong political dimension.
· There was a long legal dispute between the two companies.
(=about political ideas)· Political disturbances followed the announcement.
people on both sides of the political divide the rejection of political dogma the economic and political dominance of Western countries (=to help political parties or for political purposes)· He was raising political donations to support the president's re-election.
the domination of power by a small political elite· The government exploited the situation for political ends.
· the prime minister’s political enemies
· Ministers are having to make these decisions in a difficult political environment.
· Black people had to fight for social and economic equality with whites.
(=the political rulers)· His resignation stunned the political establishment.
· Prime Minister Nehru played a significant role in the political evolution of India.
the ethics of political expediency The political fallout of the affair cost him his job.· He was accused of granting political favours in return for illegal payments.
the artistic ferment of the late sixth century Marx founded a new science: the science of the history of social formations. (=freedom to have any political/religious beliefs)· The people were given political freedom for the first time in the country's history.
On the technical front, there have been a number of important developments.· His determination to go ahead with the plan, despite the unrest, was a huge political gamble.
During this period the family unit becomes the natural social grouping.· We aim to promote racial harmony through shared sporting activities.
· the political history of Germany
The issue has become a political hot potato.· Are you willing to fight for your political ideals?
· The court’s decision could have far-reaching political implications.
· The role of the police has great political importance.
· Zambia achieved political independence without a prolonged conflict.
· French political influence began to dominate the country.
· The minister's shrewd political instincts didn't let him down.
a man of great moral integrity It’s an exciting story of political intrigue and murder. the country’s continuing political isolation· They discussed a number of political issues.
· He became the country’s most influential political leader.
his radical political leanings· The party has a tradition of fighting for increased political liberty.
· Most of the people seem to vote according to party loyalty.
the political machinations of far right groups the era when the Republic came to political maturity· Challenging the system would be to enter a political minefield.
· The murders might have a political motive.
Any government funding would be temporary in nature. The support being given is of a practical nature. I’m afraid it’s become a matter of economic necessity.· We have made good progress towards meeting our business objectives.
(=used to say that something is forgotten in politics)· The party attracted little support and collapsed into political oblivion.
(=not known about in your profession or in politics)· After his defeat, he sank into political obscurity.
· Despite technical obstacles, scientists at NASA are considering the project.
· the president's political opponents
They suffered years of political oppression. The meeting is open to everyone, whatever their political or religious orientation.· This type of story has its historical origins in eighteenth century gothic novels.· the geographical origins of the plant
(=having a connection to politics or religion that is not directly expressed) The decision may have political overtones.
The decision may have political overtones.· The Labour Party and the Conservative Party are the two main political parties in Britain.
a party political broadcast on television We need people with talent, whatever their political persuasions.· From the political point of view, it was important that the country showed it was adhering to the treaty.
Refugees were seeking political asylum in Britain. No country would grant (=give) him political asylum.· The sagging economy has seriously damaged his political popularity.
He dismissed the Senator’s comments as ‘political posturing’.· countries with little economic power
· We did not make this recommendation because of political pressure.
· Doesn’t working on Sunday conflict with your religious principles?
(=one who is in prison because of their political opinions)· They demanded that the military government free all political prisoners.
· Don't believe all the political propaganda.
· Lee spent five years in prison for his involvement in political protest.
If you believe the fashion pundits, we’ll all be wearing pink this year. a decision made for purely political reasons· This technology could be used for military purposes.
· Her parents were often away attending political rallies.
the environmental ramifications of the road-building program· He's ignoring political realities.
· The boy cannot be named for legal reasons.
· He stressed that democratic reform could not be achieved overnight.
· All political regimes attempt to manipulate the media.
· Pinchetti became the magazine's top political reporter.
The speech was dismissed by some people as merely political rhetoric.· Slaves had no political rights.
· The political risks for the president are minimal.
· At the time, France and Britain were major political rivals.
· The scandal left the government on the brink of political ruin.
a comedy group that does political satire (=involving politicians)· The Health Secretary now finds himself at the centre of a political scandal.
· This issue is going to continue to dominate the political scene.
· The defeat represented a major political setback for the conservatives.
(=one that is reached by political discussion, not fighting)· The British government favours a political settlement in the Middle East.
· The political significance of this change should not be underestimated.
· The country’s economic situation continued to deteriorate.
· The walls had political slogans daubed on them.
(=one that does not involve fighting)· We will continue to work strenuously for a political solution acceptable to all parties.
· She began writing political speeches for local politicians.
· Unions became more active in the political sphere.
Let’s look at the questions from an economic standpoint.· The company became the centre of a political storm.
· Baldwin’s political strategy was almost totally successful.
· Many changes had taken place in the social and political structure of the island.
· He is one of the governor's key political supporters.
· The prime minister is fighting for his political survival.
· The country is rightly proud of its legal system.
· The heightened political tension could easily spill over into violence.
· He openly supported political terrorism in his youth.
the prospect of another week of political turmoil· A month of political unrest followed the killing of 12 protesters by the police.
· Military leaders stepped in to fill the political vacuum.
the victim of a political vendetta· His political views have not changed.
From an ecological viewpoint, the motorway has been a disaster. the re-emergence of Richard Nixon from the political wilderness in 1968 (=determination on the part of governments and politicians)· There was a lack of political will to do anything about global warming.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN· At the level of political action two components have to be carefully distinguished.· As governor, Weld has shunned political action committee contributions.· I have never before asked readers of New Scientist to take political action.· Father Carroll subsequently avoided political action but publicly supported independence.· When industrial interest groups failed to get help, they took political action against the military.· Traffickers have become a political action committee.· Indeed, all political action to reduce car use seems as gridlocked as downtown New York.· This is a problem that cries out for political action.
· In the 1970s, the prevailing demand among political activists and their academic sympathizers was for freedom first and education later.· Mouthing off in crew buses hardly made me a political activist.· What would these people have to do if they did not infiltrate groups of young political activists?· Hundreds of political activists are in prison.· After all, I reasoned, our government had better things to do than harass political activists.· Why is the fugitive slave, the fiery orator, the political activist, the abolitionist always represented as a black man?· In 1986, a political activist new to San Francisco was attending a fund-raiser to fight an anti-gay initiative.
· Gay politics here was much more about what we conventionally regard as political activity.· Using the methods of survey research, you might begin to analyze your own or others' political activity level.· She put herself through many risky experiences on the road, along with some vigorous political activity.· Forbes is continuing to fund his travels and political activities largely out of his own pocket.· In most cases, you will be required to request permission from your line manager before engaging in any political activity.· In grass roots politics interest grows mostly through non-party political activities.· Nigel did not seem to mind that his autonomous political activity had been abruptly curtailed.· The Yugoslav federal criminal law was changed in 1990 and many people convicted for similar non-violent political activity were released.
· The unionists seemed in control not only of the talks but of the political agenda.· It tells us about his decision-making process, and about his political agenda.· Many artists in the 1930s followed an overtly political agenda.· Then money dries up, new political agendas are drawn, the people leave, new ones cease to come.· Reform of the rating system has long been on the political agenda.· Since then, the middle class has set the political agenda and put the old-style politicians and generals on the defensive.· In the short term, however, the Milan Conference had the beneficial result of placing deaf education on the political agenda.· But they are opposed to large swaths of his political agenda.
· I shall leave that to be worked out by the political analysts.· You can see that there are many fascinating questions that you can examine as you become a more insightful political analyst.· Many political analysts assume so, although there is very limited empirical validation of this assumption.· The choice of a taxonomy depends upon the interests of the political analyst.· Most political analysts believe that Florida is a lost cause for the Democrats this year.
· These were the very qualities required in the political arena.· They do have a place in the political arena.· The assessment of basic expenditure needs should urgently be removed from the political arena.· Another possible problem could emerge from the political arena.· In what is invariably an increasingly highly charged party political arena the goal of co-ordinated local action is often difficult to sustain.· College activists from poor communities will bring their wealthy classmates into a political arena that will give the issue added visceral appeal.· Television's response to the struggle around Clause 28 reflected the status the campaign achieved in the political arena.· When decisions are made in the political arena, it is a fight to the death-somebody wins the election and somebody loses.
· Most received political asylum in other countries, but others were killed by the security forces.· The Korbel family was granted political asylum in the United States in 1948, at a time when Albright was 11.· He intended to go to New York to seek political asylum.· Mr RuizMassieu recently requested political asylum.· I want the House to consider the circumstances under which people seek political asylum.· The Foreign Ministry said it had not received any immediate request for political asylum.· Many succeeded in gaining political asylum, but unfortunately not everyone.· Her parents were granted political asylum in the United States in 1948 following a Communist coup in Czechoslovakia.
· The Harrods affair will not have helped his political career.· Molinari has had a run of big moments in her meteoric political career, and this latest is fittingly pyrotechnic.· Her rise had always been anticipated and when Mr Major secured the premiership her political career was more or less clinched.· Despite benefiting from the fund-raising networks established by their father during his 30-year political career, only one son rose.· Both admitted that they had much in common with the Liberals, but both dreamt of political careers with the Conservatives.· Though he had an impressive second-place finish to Lew Murphy in the general election, his political career was over.· Yet, in so far as it constituted his baptism as a politician, it is crucial to an understanding of his political career.· His platform is his life story and his political career.
· However, Le Roy Ladurie sees the strikes and uprisings of this period as expressions or frustration rather than campaigns for political change.· There is substantial political energy inherent in the lower classes, and they are the active agents of major political change.· Economic and political change has now blurred differences between ways of life then distinct.· True, they were seeking certain renewed observances, certain reforms and certain political changes.· Because of the political changes wrought in the nineteenth century, they are by convention responsible now also to Parliament.· New means of electronic and digital imaging are emerging within societies that are undergoing significant economic, technological and political change.· The demands of the workers were more than ever focused upon political change.
· In the current political climate, an official strike would count under Condition 17 but not an unofficial one.· More money may become available; the staff or the political climate may change.· However, such an outcome seems highly unlikely in the present political climate.· But in the current anti-federal government political climate, the primary leadership will have to come from the state and local levels.· Home Office officials knew what needed to be done, but were inhibited by the political climate from doing it.· Besides the contrast in scale between the two cities, they also have far different political climates.· The Falklands War totally changed the public and political climate.· The more radical strategies will not be feasible unless the political climate of the organisation is conducive to major change.
· Policy formulation takes place in a theoretical, social, economic and political context.· And sometimes the political context appears to change although there is no clear change in leadership or policy.· As indicated at the beginning of this chapter, Gelman's plays treat contemporary social and economic themes in their political context.· National histories and political contexts have to be taken into account.· These manifestations should, however, be studied in their social and political contexts.· This viewpoint must be set within the wider political context.
· There is no need to reclaim political correctness from its detractors.· Style in Washington hangs from the twin pillars of conservatism and political correctness.· They used to call this politeness; now they call it political correctness.· We have to live with bullies of political correctness and just-plain bullies at the top.· Women like him too, and not just for his civil rights stand and political correctness.· And if the budget train wreck ended, there would still be -- political correctness.· Where Gilman scores is in her damning portrait of the evasions of political correctness.· From political correctness to the flagging tenure system, the right of unadulterated academic lip flapping seems increasingly embattled.
· This tip-off sparked a furore in 1992 which swept Ireland into months of political crisis and instability.· Advisers said Arroyo will focus initially on reinvigorating the economy, battered by the political crisis.· The political crisis which vastly increased its recruitment could not help but give it an unusual character.· An economic and political crisis around 600 was resolved by the reforms of Solon.· In the political crisis of 1258, however, John Fitzgeoffrey was one of the king's chief opponents.· Within 15 minutes, the Prime Minister was facing his biggest political crisis for ... well, about a week.· For it is in essence a political crisis without an economic crisis.
· The result has been the first bold experiment in creating a global political culture.· Each successive ideal-type political culture involves more extensive involvement between individuals and the political order.· If so, what explains the existence of such a political culture?· The second major type of political culture listed in Table 1. 2 is the subject culture.· This women's protest was received with expressions of outrage and puzzlement by men within the dominant political culture.· We speak of a political culture just as we can speak of an economic culture or a religious culture.· As the political culture changed so, it seemed, did the power of their critique.· We also defined the political culture as the particular incidence of patterns of political orientation in the population of a political system.
· It was framed on the principles of modern political economy.· This combination of politics and economics is called political economy.· Both practised political economy around the Cabinet table.· The state can powerfully affect the political economy in six general ways: F1.· The other major system of political economy prevailing in the world today is socialism.· To the Enlightenment mind, no one else possessed the unsentimental rationality and essential competitiveness to make the new political economy succeed.· Historians and others have written about the boost to economic activity from technology, religion, and the ideas of political economy.· The four examples below suggest some of the features of actual political economies relative to ideal types.
· The first of these was the connection between mining companies and the political elite.· What was the exact nature of the social and political elite that dominated state and society at this time?· Moscow's political elite does not share the popular enthusiasm for Putin.· First, the new communications media have greatly expanded the means of information exchange between political elites.· Under conditions of underdevelopment the political elite seeks wealth through the direction of public resources by administrative action. 8.· Well-informed, experienced political elites have made little or no progress solving any of these problems.· So long as political elites are capable of providing policy leadership, the roles and behaviour of public agency administrators are simple.· This will propel her into the political elite and could make her the most likely leftwing candidate for president in 2006.
· All 3 political groups on the county council, supported by hundreds of parents, agreed an education budget above Government limits.· Most individuals rely on political groups to represent their interests within the political system.· Eurosceptic business and political groups said the figures proved that Britain could thrive without losing its currency.· Like all political groups, it began with people who wanted to influence politics.· The Communist Party is still the only organised political group with both money and power.· Foreign political groups may increasingly communicate via Internet discussion groups.· During and after the Gorbachev regime many political groups were formed.· Such policies place strains upon the unity of the political group involved.
· But what of the political implications of all these developments?· Although the question is medical, many fear that the answer has frighteningly political implications.· They point first, to the political implications inherent in centralised policy systems irrespective of the policies decided.· Both the economic and political implications of exchange rates are great.· In particular, pupils do not learn of the social and political implications of scientific discoveries.· It has social and political implications.· However, both the lack of growth and the failure to reverse the decline in work opportunities also carry serious political implications.· For these men, the preferential option for the poor had inescapable political implications.
· Class interests are often regarded as playing a major role in the way political institutions develop.· Many different contributory factors were suggested, from national differences in personality structure and child-rearing practices to political institutions.· In contrast, where class structures are less developed - both economically and culturally - the political institutions may be inherently weak.· Can the Third World politically challenge the statusquo or are its political institutions similarly under-developed?· Religious, educational and political institutions all play a part in the process of socialization and social control.· A variety of models were suggested for the forms which these political institutions might take.· First, to examine the impact of racial and ethnic questions on the political institutions in Birmingham.· Nevertheless, there was a particularly sharp increase in cynicism about political institutions in general between 1972 and 1974.
· Nor can one now easily separate moral, social, and political issues.· Age-sensitive political issues such as Social Security and Medicare will play a major role in the campaign, of course.· Fishing is a big political issue because the sturgeon population is diminishing.· Although progress has been made, poverty amidst overall plenty in our economy persists as a major economic and political issue.· However, accountability has been a less controversial political issue on Merseyside.· And in the City College take-over he saw a potent political issue.· It was part of the way of life for the gentry, and not the political issue it is today.· I am constantly astonished by the way he is able to cut through the guff even in managerial and political issues.
· This time about 120 people turned up, mainly business and professional people, clergy, trade-unionists and political leaders.· These might include songs, chants, or activities that express allegiance to political leaders or symbols.· Effective political leaders have to take account of both role demands.· Psychoanalytic Approaches Traditionally, our formal knowledge about top political leaders came from relatively straight forward reports of biography and journalism.· R should nevertheless not be forgotten that for most of its existence the World was despised by black political leaders.· Was he talking to political leaders who no longer or never could control the military wing?· Their political leaders, horrified by the isolation to which the electorate had consigned the country, have rallied behind the treaty.
· It is the candid chronicle of a long and distinguished political life.· Radical reform is necessary to enable those who do want to be active in political life to do so.· Not many other people in Texas political life were beating his drum.· His correspondence shows him reacting to Gandhi with the rather detached curiosity he showed for other exotic forms of political life.· Oddly, however, the political victors did not have long political lives.· Much of our political life is founded upon assumptions grounded in our monarchist heritage.
· I have always found it a great advantage to loathe my political opponents.· Three hours into his term, a group of political opponents arrived, declared the city in chaos and demanded Gonzalez resign.· Many councils are controlled by their political opponents, even in areas where Conservatives hold parliamentary seats with quite large majorities.· None of us reckoned on the combined firepower of the national spotlight, powerful political opponents and, yes, our shortcomings.· President Banda's one-party government has a ruthless record, especially when dealing with political opponents.· Lanier, a Democrat, argues that he was set up for conviction by his political opponents.· It is difficult to know what principles - if any - guide our political opponents.· This get-together was unusual for its agenda: tactics for eliminating political opponents.
· Enhancing that contempt is the effort of feminists to emasculate the political order itself.· The political order is bound by values.· Mr Hashimoto carries his share of baggage from the old political order.· Zubatov's experiments before 1905 had already exposed the impossibility of creating workers' organizations without affecting the political order.· Perhaps the constitution is primarily a symbolic document and its details are unimportant for the actual functioning of the political order.· We shall see that the conflicts between the different roles played by the judge in the political order persist today.· Yet it has resisted or ignored almost every epoch-marking change in the social and political order.
· When a Chancellor resigns between elections, the government political parties decide who shall be his successor.· Defying the leaders of both political parties, moderates are asking voters to approve open primary elections for California.· Political parties All political parties are banned.· Even if an individual does not have strong party identification, political parties can be an important source of political knowledge.· They also rejected Mazowiecki's attempt to transform the civic committees into a single political party loyal to him.· The new senator must come from the same political party as the old one.· After he became vice president, Rutskoi decided to form a new political party on the basis of his parliamentary fraction.· The two major political parties and their presidential candidates benefit from this money.
· But the power to assassinate is not political power.· Moreover, the actual spending will be tilted toward groups that wield the most political power.· Our people are denied even the semblance of political power, electing careerist politicians who allegedly represent our interests.· The actual drafting of every constitution is either directly or indirectly controlled by those with political power in the society.· Primates and prelates exercised political power most effectively when they were moving in support of magnate opposition; against united barons they were impotent.· The more education, financial independence, and political power women have, the more they influence society.· They establish correlations and infer causal relations between the social status of these groups and their political power.· The context makes it certain that political power was implied.
· They also possess more subtle powers of political pressure and the use of persuasion.· But they said the organized process of the advisory council w ill create political pressure for the supervisors to heed the recommendations.· Are you going to use your local agents or staff, a debt collector, a solicitor, political pressure or what?· Even civil service employees are subject to political pressures in the form of unwanted transfers, withheld promotions.· There has been no political pressure from the Foreign Office or elsewhere to prevent the exhibition.· Mr Benquis faces strong political pressure to successfully wrap up both the investigation and any subsequent legal proceedings.· Under intense political pressure the strict academic standards which first prevailed were relaxed, and entry was broadened.· You forget the political pressures and relax in the company of brilliant minds.
· Right: A demonstration in the early 1980s by families of political prisoners.· There are some 1,800 political prisoners.· It fails to include most political prisoners.· For instance, when the political prisoners staged their hunger strike during the Pope's visit, we broadcast their demands.· After two months in prison, I heard the first news about why I was being held as a political prisoner.· As many as 10,000 political prisoners were said to have been confined in one corner of the island.· It is reported that on 22 March Nijazi Beqa and five other political prisoners there went on a hungers-strike against their conditions.· It also ordered that the cases of all remaining political prisoners should be considered before its next meeting.
· Globalization has been characterized as the overarching global political process.· Individuals become participants in the political process, but they do not give up their orientations as subjects or as parochials.· Now it is the very polarisation of the two communities that appears to be driving the political process.· We are literally starving the political process.· The opposition had seized upon the surveillance controversy as a sign of the continued involvement of the military within the political process.· These rights to additional forms of participation and opposition in the political process seem an essential element of a liberal democracy.· The political process in such an organization is made even more difficult by the fact that there is little communication.· The political process ensures that laws that unduly burden the States will not be promulgated.
· It may also be noted that the Local Government Act 1986 specifically prohibits any council from spending money for party political purposes.· But as the holiday has gained popularity over the years, Munoz worries that the political purpose has been forgotten.· No payments were made for political purposes.· The balance was legitimate expenditure for primarily political purposes, Flynn has contended.· It was a question of how he believed he could best attain his major political purposes.· It was perhaps even worse when public servants were or felt constrained to file affidavits which demonstrated a political purpose.· Though these objectives were expressed in economic terms, it was clear that a political purpose lay behind them.· Yet the temptation to use the Games for political purposes remains irresistible.
· However, Labour's Andrew MacKinlay claimed the route was chosen by the Government for political reasons.· I made certain statements for political reasons.· However, the key factor has been domestic agricultural policies which protect indigenous agriculture for security or political reasons.· But Gore is the establishment's choice for a cogent political reason.· Second, there may be various political reasons for including these areas in a comprehensive analysis for accounting purposes.· Can you think of a political reason why the government would prevent him from participating?· I'd been so sure that there were political reasons for following us that I hadn't thought about any others.· We knew at City that just a generation earlier people had gone to our college for important reasons, for political reasons.
· Mr Hunt made a good effort to attract business to the state, but his political reforms floundered.· His views about political reform are hazy.· It was agreed that the situation would be reviewed in six months to check the progress of political reforms.· These would require a proper balance between market and state controls, backed by political reforms to restore confidence in central direction.· Alongside demands for political reform were specific complaints about individual miscarriages of justice.
· Sir Robin and Judy Laybourne will be providing news and analysis of the region's political scene.· Both Lo and the Lotus Fund are new on the political scene.· Kostunica had been on the political scene for years and had never attracted such support.· Silber is an impatient, some might say petulant, player on the local political scene.· The new power brokers on the political scene have not fared better either.· Hamas, however, sought to participate in the formal political scene.· And that basic insight leads us to why the national political scene is so totally screwed up.
· The comparative study of institutions is not new in political science.· A friend who is skeptical about political science confronts you with a challenge.· Two famous ` laws' of political science are well known.· It was interesting, so my political science side won out as vocational planning began.· Second, measuring concepts from political science is difficult and can affect the validity of the measures.· Scott, who teaches political science at both Saint Francis and Ivy Tech, is making his first bid for elected office.· Aside from these two ` laws' of political science, the bulk of comparative research eschews making such strong claims.· The book is a fascinating combination of anthropology, history, sociology, and political science.
· Various political scientists have sought to define and identify different types of political culture.· Articles by well-known political scientists discuss the central concepts and recent empirical research in many important subfields.· To public administrators and political scientists the word accountability generally relates to the separation of power and responsibility.· If the political scientist Walter Clemens is right, the legislature could assert an even bigger role.· Clark, a former political scientist widely regarded as cool and aloof, seemed transformed by power.· In comparative politics, the political scientist compares countries in an effort to verify the theories that have been formulated.· As in the study of domestic politics, political scientists use models as aids to understanding.
· There is considerable return migration except when the military-political situation in countries of origin makes this unfeasible.· He told us all about his life over there, and the political situations in the countries he worked in.· It was time to clarify the confused political situation in Berry.· Yet there was an opening for Rice if he carefully adapted his power strategies to the political situation.· Two political situations have detracted from the physical improvement of the prison system.· But the political situation has not brought stability.· In this most settled and prosperous nation in history the political situation is almost permanently unstable.
· Others, perhaps with greater foresight, wanted the strike to be continued until they had created an acceptable alternative political structure.· It is, most probably, a temporary agreement allowing both sides to regroup and develop their political structures and build support.· New management approaches and political structures swept through local government.· Left and right both tend to accept the existing political structure and differ only on the substance of policy and political personnel.· The first section treats the colonial administrative and political structures.· Everythingagain, technology, the global economy, and global political structures-is changing, most of it quickly.· The Reich's attempts at industrialisation had been contradicted by the effort to retain a semi-feudal social and political structure.· You might attempt to classify countries based on similarities in the way these political structures relate to each other.
· Any increase in participation would destabilise the political system.· It is Representatives, but the districts in many political systems have more than one representative.· Locke also suggests that a man's presence in a particular state implies tacit consent to its political system.· The state or political system is regarded as a neutral adjudicator in the competition for resources.· We also suggest that the kind of mix that results has great significance for the stability and performance of the political system.· Each of these interventions of the Celts proved their importance by producing major developments in the political systems which they attacked.· Constitutional monarchies are obvious examples of political systems with a dual executive.
· A theory of basic rights is at bottom a political theory, a theory about the nature and limits of state action.· The active influential citizen described ill normative political theory is not excused from the obligations of the subject.· One of the most explicit political theories of that period is that of Gluckman.· This tradition itself can be traced back a long way in political theory.· No one had told me there was a thing called political theory.· But Marxism and socialism are not the only nineteenth-century political theories which have been presented in a new way during recent decades.· The work of Dewey Within political theory the work of John Dewey has been particularly influential.· This possibility ran counter to much nineteenth-century political theory, which stressed that the State was the only guarantor of personal safety.
· The political will to deal with the issue is reduced, affecting the resources available.· But is there the necessary political will to regulate the markets?· The revalued currency was a remarkable demonstration of political will, and effectively generated user-confidence.· Orwell, concerned only to demonstrate that political will destroys the individual, offers no verdict on such refinements.· Education became part of an act of political will.· The problem in meeting this need is not lack of resources, technologies or knowledge, but of political will and organisation.· They haven't shown the political will to sort out the problem - there has been an element of divide and rule.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRYPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
- Airline safety has become a political football.
- Abortion is becoming a political football misrepresented by the right to raise money and advance political agendas.
- But can the game afford to hold its showpiece in an unstable country where sport is a political football?
- I urge him to stop any move to allow the barrage project to continue to be used as a party political football.
- In recent years funding and management of the health service has become something of a political football.
- The Treasury felt strongly that changes in taxation for purposes of stabilising employment would immediately become a political football.
- The use of education as a political football has entered the language as a cliché.
- I was never a political animal.
- One advantage in being a social animal is that one need not discover practices for oneself.
- To Freud man is a social animal without being entirely a socialized animal.
- Unlike Wellington, Harriett was a political animal through and through, whose ambition was that her men should succeed.
- Another possible problem could emerge from the political arena.
- He would therefore argue that conventions are established by their acceptance by those who participate in the political arena.
- Moreover, the law is only one method of control over what is placed in the public arena.
- Similarly in the international arena, an emasculated politics is incapable of sustaining an effective national defense.
- Television's response to the struggle around Clause 28 reflected the status the campaign achieved in the political arena.
- The assessment of basic expenditure needs should urgently be removed from the political arena.
- They do have a place in the political arena.
- But he accepted the social framework of his day and the status and role of women within it.
- He tries to provide for reform within a political framework and he introduces consensus, as a social control variable.
- In the twelfth century the canon lawyers devised an elaborate, and comparatively humane, legal framework for poor relief.
- It summarises geological knowledge of metalliferous mineralisation, reviews current and past exploration, and describes its administrative and legal framework.
- No legal framework prevails to enable disabled people to counteract discrimination, unfair employment practices, problems of access, etc.
- Some relate to the present legal framework.
- The simplified and more rational legal framework that it introduced is unified by some powerful principles that speak to those issues.
- What is the point of a legal framework if companies can not get a court injunction to stop illegal strike action?
- A minority government would represent a change in the political landscape.
- His words transformed the political landscape.
- In the name of democracy, they are transforming the political landscape to make democracy marginal.
- In the public sphere, women must assume sufficient power to change the cultural imagery and the political landscape.
- Large-scale, bureaucratic organizations are the dominant features of the political landscape.
- Such commentators have argued that the breakdown of morality in the 1960s has had lasting effects on the social landscape.
- This gap is one of the most prominent features on the political landscape at the dawn of 1996.
- Women, who had up to 1945 been barred from participating in elections, changed the political landscape by becoming voters.
- Hence Mr Yeltsin's dilemma: to persuade the deputies to commit political suicide without acting unconstitutionally.
- It built the Central Valley Project to rescue the growers from economic suicide by groundwater overdraft.
- Sensing his authority had ebbed, Fujimori grimly took the only exit left: political suicide, a move that stunned everyone.
- The government believes it would be political suicide to allow pension contributions to rise above 30 percent.
- To have taken on the world in that state would have been political suicide.
WORD FAMILYnounpoliticianpoliticspoliticizationpolitickingpoliticoadjectivepoliticalpoliticizedapoliticalpoliticverbpoliticizeadverbpolitically
1relating to the government, politics, and public affairs of a country: Education is now a major political issue. a time of political and social changepolitical party/system/institutions The U.S. has two main political parties. The UN is seeking a political solution rather than a military one. political jokes the workers’ struggle for political power2relating to the ways that different people have power within a group, organization etc: a purely political decision The appointment was given to Wellington, mainly for political reasons.3[not before noun] interested in or active in politics: Most students aren’t very political.4political football a difficult problem which opposing politicians argue about or which each side deals with in a way that will bring them advantage: Funding of the health service has become a political football.COLLOCATIONSnounsa political party· I am not a member of any political party.a political system· Our political system should give ordinary citizens more power.a political leader· a strong political leaderpolitical power· The poor have little political power.political rights· Every individual should have equal political rights.somebody's political career· He is facing the biggest decision of his political career.political life· At that time women were excluded from the political life of the country.a political issue· Health care has become a major political issue.a political solution· They are eager for a political solution after years of war.- Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de
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