单词	subsistence
释义	subsistencesub‧sis‧tence /səbˈsɪstəns/ noun [uncountable] Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Factory workers were paid a subsistence wage. Settlers to the area threatened the bears' subsistence. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS If overtime is not paid subsistence can be claimed at own base. In an era of fast food, subsistence incomes don't make for a culinary culture. Parties and witnesses are entitled to allowances for loss of earnings, subsistence and travel to and from the tribunal. That is almost £500 below the minimum subsistence level for the poorest people in our society. The vote against a federal guarantee of a minimal, subsistence level of support was a devastating loss to all women. They were prisoners, for the most part, of a subsistence economy. To receive their full daily subsistence allowances, MEPs must have taken part in half the roll-call votes. When accompanied by minimum subsistence pensions, as in Britain, retirement means economic dependency. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► basic · Now this basic means of subsistence for between 50,000 and 100,000 urban migrants has been outlawed.· Most people have considerable leeway as to how they spend their money over and above basic subsistence requirements.· As agriculture developed, surplus wealth, that is goods above the basic subsistence needs of the community, was produced.· If you go back far enough, of course, all our ancestors lived in basic subsistence economies where cash never changed hands.· What was the cost of basic subsistence in the first part of the eighteenth century?· Crop husbandry was limited to basic subsistence and animal feed. NOUN► agriculture · The graphite boom temporarily reduced the social and economic importance of subsistence agriculture in the Low Country.· The manufacture of cloth was thus no more than a marginal addition to the subsistence agriculture of the interior.· Much of the worldwide loss was the result of impoverished farmers being compelled to clear the land for subsistence agriculture.· By contrast, there was a general shift from subsistence agriculture to the production of cash crops and the provision of services.· From this time on the position of subsistence agriculture declined in other regions, though the pace of this change was uneven.· Fishing is also of major importance, while around 70 percent of the population depend on subsistence agriculture.· The world which had been dominated by subsistence agriculture crumbled.· The siting of a settlement is very closely connected with the decision to use the land around for subsistence agriculture. ► allowance · To receive their full daily subsistence allowances, MEPs must have taken part in half the roll-call votes.· Travelling and subsistence allowances are not subject to tax.· He would also have received a subsistence allowance from his employers.· They consist of: £29 a day subsistence allowance to cover meals, taxis and other incidentals. ► economy · The subsistence economy, however, provides security for irregular workers.· They were prisoners, for the most part, of a subsistence economy.· In its purest form, the doctrine advocated a return to subsistence economy but on a less individualistic and more communal basis.· The ancient subsistence economy of the villages lasted a long time.· Hunting and gathering is a subsistence economy which means that production only meets basic survival needs.· If you go back far enough, of course, all our ancestors lived in basic subsistence economies where cash never changed hands.· Did it do no more than keep a subsistence economy running? ► farmer · Most of them eke out a living as subsistence farmers.· Physicists do not generally choose their mates from among subsistence farmers.· The life of a subsistence farmer simple does not accord with our notion of labour.· Most of us were subsistence farmers.· Cattle Ranching Hungry subsistence farmers follow in the wake of loggers.· The aim was to transform them into permanent subsistence farmers or labourers.· Genuine land reform is not about breaking up highly productive commercial farms into little plots for subsistence farmers.· Mr Mugabe can not fail to understand the consequence of redistribution of the country's most productive land to subsistence farmers. ► level · Tokugawa agriculture was highly productive, and the amount levied in tax suggests that production was well above subsistence level.· Thus, he conceded that a scarcity of workers might keep wages above the subsistence level for an indefinite time.· What are these minimum subsistence levels?· The vote against a federal guarantee of a minimal, subsistence level of support was a devastating loss to all women.· What is the subsistence level for students?· That is almost £500 below the minimum subsistence level for the poorest people in our society.· Payments soon fell below subsistence level.· The majority of the islanders lived at subsistence level. VERB► live · The villagers were peasants and small-scale farmers who lived a semi-subsistence existence.· The ever-increasing flow of scientific and technological advances is of little significance to a rural population living at or below subsistence level.· Most of them eke out a living as subsistence farmers. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► subsistence farming/agriculture etc In the early l960s Bengali agriculture consisted mainly of subsistence farming. It report points out that, in many developing countries, women are primarily responsible for subsistence farming. It was there in 1903 that quarrymen went on strike for three and a half years, surviving on subsistence farming. Preferential interest rates also favor commercial over subsistence farming in many countries. She will most probably be involved in agriculture, in subsistence farming of crops like rice. The graphite boom temporarily reduced the social and economic importance of subsistence agriculture in the Low Country. This vast, dispersed rural workforce would need, and would receive, only the education needed for manual subsistence farming. Wine formed the most important cash crop, while cereal production generally took the form of subsistence farming. ► subsistence allowance/payment etc He would also have received a subsistence allowance from his employers. Parish authorities generally were constantly reviewing their ideas about what constituted a minimum acceptable subsistence payment during this period. They consist of: £29 a day subsistence allowance to cover meals, taxis and other incidentals. They recommended that volunteers receive subsistence payments for child minding and other special needs. To receive their full daily subsistence allowances, MEPs must have taken part in half the roll-call votes. Travelling and subsistence allowances are not subject to tax. 1the condition of only just having enough money or food to stay alive:  Many of the families are forced to live at the subsistence level. The land provided subsistence and little more.2 subsistence farming/agriculture etc farming that produces just enough food for the farmer to live on, but does not produce enough food to sell to other people3subsistence allowance/payment etc money that is paid to someone so that they can buy meals, pay for a place to stay etc
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