civilciv‧il /ˈsɪvəl/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL adjective 
They were married in a civil ceremony in May.3[only before noun] relating to the laws about the private affairs of citizens, such as laws about business or property, rather than laws about crime: Many civil cases can be settled out of court.4polite in a formal but not very friendly way: Try at least to be civil.► see thesaurus at politeCOLLOCATIONSnounscivil war (=fighting between groups of people in the same country)· His family fled Spain during the Spanish civil war.civil rights (=the right to vote, be treated fairly etc that everyone should have)· Black people marched in defence of their civil rights.civil liberties/liberty (=the right to be free to do what you want within the law)· Detention without trial threatens our civil liberties.civil disobedience/unrest (=when people protest or behave violently)· Unemployment has provoked widespread civil unrest.civil disturbances/strife (=civil unrest)· Troops have been called in to deal with civil disturbances.
WORD ORIGINcivil
Origin:
1300-1400 Old French, Latin civilis, from civis; ➔ CIVICEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- civil aviation
- I expect a civil answer when I ask you a question.
- I know you don't like Phil, but try to be civil.
- I wish you'd be a little more civil towards our guests.
- Many civil cases can be settled out of court.
- Since an exchange's rules are a civil contract, the prosecution only needs to meet the civil law standard of proof.
- The internal organization of state policy-making has tended to reflect the lines of cleavage within dominant economic groups of civil society.
- This concept is based on the fact that for both civil and military imports there is only one source of financing exports.
THESAURUS
behaving or speaking in a way that is correct for the social situation you are in, and showing that you are careful to consider other people’s needs and feelings: · He was too polite to ask how old she was.· ‘Excuse me, sir,’ she said in a polite voice.
having good manners and knowing the correct way to behave in social situations: · She was beautifully dressed and very well-mannered.
polite and not causing any trouble – used about children or animals: · The children were very well-behaved.· Well-behaved dogs are welcome at the hotel.
polite and respectful, and behaving rather formally: · The hotel staff were very courteous and helpful.· a courteous reply
polite and treating someone with respect: · He was very respectful towards all my relatives.· ‘Thank you,’ he said with a respectful bow.
polite in a formal way, especially when you do not feel very friendly towards someone: · She’d never liked her father-in-law, but she forced herself to be civil to him.· When you’ve stopped arguing, you might be able to have a civil conversation.
formal polite towards someone, especially because they are in a more important social position: · In those days women were expected to be deferential to men.
Longman Language Activatorwords for describing someone who is polite someone who is polite follows the rules of social behaviour and shows respect for other people and their feelings: · He seemed a very polite young man.· a polite requestit is polite to do something: · I didn't really care what she thought about the book, but I thought it would be polite to ask her.· It's not considered polite to ask someone how much they earn.polite to: · She's always extremely polite to me, but I never know what she's really thinking.make polite conversation (=talk politely about unimportant things, especially to someone you do not know very well): · The last thing I felt like doing was making polite conversation with my roommate's parents.
showing proper respect for someone who is older than you, has a higher position than you etc: · They waited in respectful silence as the funeral procession went past.respectful to/towards: · If children were taught to be more respectful towards their elders, maybe these crimes wouldn't happen so often.
polite in a rather formal way, without necessarily being friendly: · I expect a civil answer when I ask you a question.civil to/towards: · I wish you'd be a little more civil towards our guests.
someone who is courteous is polite and considers the needs of other people, especially in formal situations when you do not know the other people well: · Airline staff must be courteous at all times, even when passengers are not.· I received a courteous letter from Jane's mother thanking me for my help.courteous to: · He was always kind and courteous to me, but we never really became friends.
someone who is well-mannered has good manners, and always knows the correct way to behave in social situations: · Henry was a typical Oxford man - well-mannered, easy-going, and very sure of himself.· The children were good little things, well-mannered, and beautifully dressed.
the political and social rights that everyone should have the political and social freedom that everyone in a country should have: · Every individual should have basic rights.rights of: · Some motorcyclists saw the helmet law as an infringement on the rights of the individual.women's/workers'/victims' etc rights: · Laws enacted in the past ten years have gradually taken away workers' rights.· Allred is an attorney who has gained a national reputation fighting for women's rights.
the rights that every person should have, such as the right to vote or be treated equally and fairly by the law, whatever their sex, race, or religion: · She had been actively involved in the struggle for civil rights in the US in the '60s.· The President has agreed to talks with civil rights campaigners.· The civil rights movement illustrates how people can change the constitution of their country.
the basic right that all people should have, including freedom and the right to be treated fairly and without cruelty by their government: · The Court ruled that hitting children was an abuse of human rights.· A number of leading human rights activists were arrested yesterday.· The regime has a long record of human rights violations.
the rights of every person to be treated fairly and equally by the law or by society, whatever their sex, race, religion, or social position: · The battle for equal rights for women is not yet over.· The Americans were the first to make law the principle of equal rights for every individual.· Homosexual men and women are campaigning for equal rights.
the right of every person to have a chance to get a job, go to university etc, whatever their sex, race, or social position: · Only in a completely classless society can there be equal opportunities for everyone.equal opportunities legislation/programs etc: · Certain jobs were dominated by men until the equal opportunities legislation of the 1970s.
the rights of any citizen to do whatever they want as long as they respect the rights of other people, without having to ask anyone's permission, and the right to keep their personal information private: · The banning of public meetings was held to be a denial of civil liberties.· The ability of this software to gather information about individuals through the Web is worrying to civil liberties groups.
WORD SETSaccess, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYnouns a civil rights leader He trained as a civil engineer (=one who designs and builds roads, bridges etc). I went on a lot of peace marches when I was a student. a time of political strife a civil suit
1[only before noun] relating to the people who live in a countrycivil war/disturbance/unrest etc (=fighting etc between different groups of people living in the same country) → civil liberty, civil rights2[only before noun] relating to the ordinary people or things in a country that are not part of military, government, or religious organizations: (=fighting between groups of people in the same country)· His family fled Spain during the Spanish civil war.
(=the right to vote, be treated fairly etc that everyone should have)· Black people marched in defence of their civil rights.
(=the right to be free to do what you want within the law)· Detention without trial threatens our civil liberties.
(=when people protest or behave violently)· Unemployment has provoked widespread civil unrest.
(=civil unrest)· Troops have been called in to deal with civil disturbances.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES (=involving business or property, rather than a crime)· The victim can seek damages in a civil action.
(=not a criminal case)· He is involved with civil cases, not criminal ones.
(=a wedding ceremony that is not a religious one)· They married in a registrar's office, in a civil ceremony.
a civil rights leader (=for cases about disagreements)· Eviction proceedings take place in a civil court.
(=fighting between different groups of people in a country)· Two men had already been killed in civil disturbances.
He trained as a civil engineer (=one who designs and builds roads, bridges etc). (=laws concerning disagreements between people, rather than crimes)· The punishment for breaking civil law is usually a fine.
· He has worked as a civil rights lawyer for over twenty years.
(=responsiblity for injury or damage covered by civil law)· A company operating a ship which spills oil into the sea will face civil liability.
I went on a lot of peace marches when I was a student. (=not relating to a criminal charge)· The couple say they will take civil proceedings against the medics for professional misconduct.
(=the rights that every person in a society should have)· As a young man, he was deeply involved in the struggle for civil rights.· the civil rights movement
(=a society based on laws that everyone accepts)· The protection of human rights is essential for a civil society.
a time of political strife a civil suit (=for cases dealing with the private affairs of citizens, rather than cases involving a crime)· In civil trials, the jury's decision need not be unanimous.
(=between groups of people in a country, or between the people and the government)· Our country is being ripped apart by civil unrest.
(=between opposing groups within a country)· the English Civil War
American English (=a wedding that is not performed by a religious leader)· Only church or civil weddings have full legal status.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN· But the solicitor for the three cleared men says he doubts a civil action would have succeeded.· The civil action, filed by the victims' families, is scheduled to go to trial April 2.· A civil action for trespass to the person followed.· Still, both groups do get involved in civil actions against individuals.· In a civil action for damages at Melbourne magistrates' court, Dale denied punching De Pace.· These civil actions failed to stop the irrepressible hotelier from operating his illegal ferry system.· Such civil action settlements, whilst absolutely large are again relatively insignificant.· A second typical case would be a civil action suit which will probably move slowly and take two to three years.
· The proposed merger called into question Britain's civil aviation policy of the previous twenty years.· In addition to civil aviation crashes, the independent board looks into some highway, railroad, marine and pipeline accidents.· The Assembly passed a law on civil aviation and amended existing legislation on export-import taxes.· At the same time Beaverbrook told the House of Lords of Britain's willingness to attend an international conference on civil aviation.· Roosevelt, like Churchill, saw the significance of postwar civil aviation, and believed in free and open competition.· This radical and sweeping blueprint for Britain's peacetime civil aviation industry was considered by the War Cabinet on 25 February 1943.· The comparable figures for research connected with defence, space and civil aviation were £1343 million, £52 million and £69 million.
· But shortly after the trial the twin's parents announced that they were considering pursuing a civil case for damages.· Such cases could be met by adopting for civil cases a procedure similar to the Attorney-General's reference in criminal proceedings.· In the civil case, the plaintiffs sought to shield him from such harsh treatment by limiting the scope of his testimony.· Figure 1.3 represents the appeal structure for civil cases, Figure 1.4 the appeal structure in criminal cases.· Nor is there any double jeopardy bar to a civil case following a criminal acquittal.· It is available in criminal as well as civil cases.· The hell can you do in a civil case?
· Currently eviction must follow lengthy proceedings in the civil courts.· For the moment, these religious courts work in tandem with Soviet-style civil courts.· Figure 1.1 represents the civil court structure and Figure 1.2 represents the criminal court structure.· The Woldemariams have a wrongful death case against Broadus and Lee pending in civil court.· Yet the structure of the civil court and the way they work has not kept pace with these changes.· Martial law can not operate where civil courts are open. 20.· He said the country's criminal and civil courts were creaking at the seams in spite of efforts to shore them up.· Simpson was acquitted in 1995 and is now being sued in civil court by the victims' families.
· The country has made few preparations for civil defence.· These difficulties were greatly exacerbated by poor civil defence planning.
· Non-cooperation and civil disobedience, as Gandhi understands them, can not be construed as a coercive threat in this sense.· We would not endorse civil disobedience.· Nothing in their training or previous experience had accustomed them to this kind of civil disobedience.· In Pittsburgh, there were a few sit-ins, invasions of churches, minor civil disobedience.· This was true civil disobedience rather than mere non-co-operation.· The week I spent in the ashram this energy and passion were driving Gandhi toward another campaign of civil disobedience.· The Battle of Seattle was certainly a spectacular display of civil disobedience-but did it represent anything more than that?· Do we intend to commit civil disobedience?
· By 1968, 15,000 men had been trained for handling civil disorder.· It hopes for a significant export trade in this latest answer to civil disorder.· Hunger, disease and civil disorder would destroy what was left of civilization.· Most movement is voluntary; some is involuntary and in response to conflict, civil disorder, and natural disaster.· Yu was thus the very symbol of civil disorder.· The Public Order Act represented the culmination of a long debate within the government about how increased civil disorder should be controlled.
· He had chosen November 5 as a traditional day of civil disturbance.
· On discovering the fretting, he informed the chief civil engineer who imposed a strict speed limit on the bridge.· The Internal Revenue Service acknowledges that McGill, a retired civil engineer, never owed the government.· Workshops and initiatives for the newly arrived civil engineers, tile-makers and labourers did not materialise.· Trafalgar was chiefly a property group, with hotel and travel interests and civil engineers such as Trollope and Colls.· Brad Joss, civil engineer, killed in a vehicle accident in Sonoma County on Jan. 4, 1994.· He also had a working association with the civil engineer Robert Sabine, one of the pioneers of transatlantic telegraphy.· The some one was a respected civil engineer, Charles B.. Stuart, who had worked surveying both lines.
· This week we are starting the service with a selection of contracts in the energy and civil engineering sectors.· But his principal contribution was in the field of civil engineering, as a builder of road and railway bridges.· Robots for civil engineering will be worth £23 million by the same year, the association calculates.· At the age of twenty-four he began an apprenticeship with Stothert & Company of Bath, civil engineering contractors.· This it estimated would cost between £120 million and £225 million because it would need major civil engineering works.· He completed two years of a civil engineering course at Nottingham University before moving to Lyon.· Almost everywhere these edifices of civil engineering, the basis of life in urban Britain, have been taken for granted.· Or for a civil engineering student not to appreciate the environmental implications of large-scale works such as the channel tunnel.
· Yet solicitors had considerable anxieties about aspects of the preparations for this drastic re-engineering of the civil justice system.· Six months is not a long time in which to evaluate the most radical overhaul of the civil justice system since 1875.
· The civil law position is less problematical.· At age sixteen, he had received his doctorate in canon and civil law.· What civil laws might have been tempered with mercy as a result?· Many of these provisions would be quite unacceptable to a civil law country.· Moreover, once the elements of theft are satisfied, it does not matter that the victim has no civil law remedy.· In post-classical law the traditional procedural scheme of the civil law evaporated, and all claims were heard under the cognitio procedure.· Many civil law systems find room for oral evidence at the eventual hearing.· At civil law reasonable force may be used to evict a trespasser.
· From the early 1960s the party had seen the issue of civil liberties as a key area of agitation.· The bill has bogged down in bitter disputes over the balance between law enforcement and civil liberties.· Many abolitionists' heads had been bloodied and civil liberties abused without benefit of federal protection.· Certainly Clinton and Gore could have done more to advance civil liberties.· The civil liberties group is seeking a preliminary injunction barring Republican Gov.· The willingness to bend the rules to authorize a major invasion of civil liberties contrasts sharply with the Spycatcher case.· The other force wants privacy and civil liberties.
· This is not civil liberty but plain silliness.· Under Conservative rule civil liberty became seriously eroded.· The Westerners, on the other hand, envisaged progress towards civil liberty and economic justice along Western lines.
· If this had been ordinary civil litigation I would have agreed.· The constitutional question before the court is whether a sitting president may be forced to face civil litigation while in office.· After that, Feingold joined a Madison law firm and practiced civil litigation, including First Amendment law.· Allen goes on to explain that his own work is in civil litigation.· Clearly civil litigation is often very expensive.· It is also manna to lawyers looking for juicy briefs in civil litigation.
· The immunity of diplomats from civil proceedings was also being more and more clearly asserted.· It was suggested that under the circumstances civil proceedings might have been preferable to a court martial.· The Act contains similar requirements to those in civil proceedings.· Infringements can be dealt with by an out-of-court settlement or if necessary by civil proceedings.· There is no legal requirement for a child's evidence to be corroborated in civil proceedings.· Either criminal or civil proceedings may be brought by the Attorney General.· Under civil proceedings, the appropriate care and cure of the young offender is, in theory at least, the only consideration.· However, I wish to address one potentially significant impact of the Act in relation to secure accommodation applications in civil proceedings.
· Some senior civil servants remain sceptical.· Ministers were not civil servants, but rarely developed a distinct role.· His civil servant thought that Ramsey should be invited.· Many ministers and senior civil servants are convinced Britain will be dragged into the civil war in 1993.· He will meet civil servants from Britain on 15 April.· One civil servant has retired on ill health grounds and two downgraded.· The internal fax was addressed to a dozen civil servants within the Department of Social Security.· However, civil servants may appear in magistrates' courts as prosecutors without violating this restrictive practice.
· The same principle applies to the civil service, where rank is determined in part by the number of employees one supervises.· For those in this upper-middle range of ability employment in the civil service may well offer better rewards.· These three, but particularly the Compendium, became the basis of all civil service examinations.· But the episode nevertheless did focus attention on the corruption that is rife within the civil service.· The terms of employment, which are still linked to the civil service, are to be changed.· However, most national politicians and local councillors share the civil service preference for the functional and centralized system based on Whitehall.· As for the civil service, it had to be cut down to the lowest level necessary.
· The State exercises coercion, but civil society performs the function of maintaining hegemony, or domination by consent.· They will further the integration of their armed forces with civil society as an important expression of democracy. 21.· We must look at what people would be like outside of, and prior to, civil society.· All efforts to develop a civil society and increase contacts might now be terminated.· I propose a New Deal between government and civil society actors in global governance.· In the shorthand of the modern world, business is seen as dynamic, civil society as conservative.· Democratic civil society is relatively strong and well-organised.· Success will require partnership with other states, international agencies, civil society and with the pharmaceutical industry.
· Ethically, it is impossible to redistribute income intentionally in a developing country to see if civil strife erupts.· After a week of civil strife, Jerusalem itself was captured by the rebels.· For a considerable part of the intervening period there was recurrent civil strife between magnate and dynastic factions.· They blamed the republic's nationalistic coalition government for the slide into civil strife.· But there were present all the ingredients of stasis, civil strife.· His final model of civil strife is depicted in Figure 5.1.
· Many others were involved in civil suits or attended court as spectators.· Only 42 civil suits resulted, with no verdicts in favor of the plaintiff.· Canseco is now 6-0 in civil suits.· The guy could still walk, and we had filed a civil suit, for assault and battery.· In 1995, their civil suits were among the more than 40, 000 filed in federal courts by prison inmates.· The civil suit, which had sought $ 10 million in damages, ended in an undisclosed settlement on Tuesday, however.· Forsyth sued; but when the civil suit was finally argued, he lost.· Higgins' parents are pursuing a civil suit against six Cowboys officers.
· In the civil trial, Simpson did both and came off looking very much like a man who had much to hide.· Some victims of police abuse received compensation in local civil trials.· The civil trial provided a more subdued sequel, since Fujisaki refused to allow television cameras into his courtroom.· And civil trials and criminal trials are very different in different ways.· Unlike during the criminal trial, the civil trial was based on three separate lawsuits.· Fuhrman did not testify in the civil trial.
· The loss of revenue from areas of the country affected by civil unrest had also contributed to the deficit.· If there was civil unrest, they said, it would be the responsibility of the attorney-general, Janet Reno.· Urban violence and civil unrest were mushrooming like small bombs threatening to blow up the machine from within.· The civil unrest was not his department.· Religious dissent is, indeed, one source of civil unrest.· There was increased military representation, reflecting the leadership's concern that economic reforms might lead to civil unrest.· So long as we're mainly dependent upon oil, the possibility of high prices and ensuing civil unrest will always exist.
· George Orwell wrote of the civil war within a civil war, for he was present when this conflict erupted in Barcelona.· This is civil war, and civil wars are ipso facto destructive for all involved.· The civil war that followed claimed far more civilians than combatants; by some estimates the death toll exceeds 200,000.· The crisis has unsettled financial markets and brought dire predictions of revolution or civil war from some politicians.· This was followed by intervention, by an ... intensification of the class struggle, which assumed the form of civil war.· We have to judge whether recognition of two republics now would increase the very real danger of civil war in other republics.· A rising inflationary trend and a persistent fiscal deficit during 1990 were exacerbated by the continuing civil war and rising petrol prices.· The communities were not directly affected by civil war or violence.
They were married in a civil ceremony in May.3[only before noun] relating to the laws about the private affairs of citizens, such as laws about business or property, rather than laws about crime: Many civil cases can be settled out of court.4polite in a formal but not very friendly way: Try at least to be civil.► see thesaurus at politeCOLLOCATIONSnounscivil war (=fighting between groups of people in the same country)· His family fled Spain during the Spanish civil war.civil rights (=the right to vote, be treated fairly etc that everyone should have)· Black people marched in defence of their civil rights.civil liberties/liberty (=the right to be free to do what you want within the law)· Detention without trial threatens our civil liberties.civil disobedience/unrest (=when people protest or behave violently)· Unemployment has provoked widespread civil unrest.civil disturbances/strife (=civil unrest)· Troops have been called in to deal with civil disturbances.