英语词汇“cognitively”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

All the evidence points to dreaming being a highly complex cognitive activity.
Beginning with the emergence of preoperational reasoning, arguments and intellectual confrontations with others are a source of cognitive conflict and disequilibrium.
Estrogen is said to enhance cognitive function.
Moreover, particular examples of the use or non-use of multiple points of view are not necessarily indicators of cognitive deprivation.
She pursues the consequences of these differences for educational modes and for cognitive operations.
The principal advantage of this drug is that it causes little sedation or impairment of cognitive function and no dysmorphic side effects.
Therapy based on these questions can be wonderful and effective for help with a wide variety of emotional or cognitive problems.
With initial cognitive differentiations, the first acquired feelings are observed.

WORD SETS► Psychology/Psychiatry

agoraphobia, nounagoraphobic, noun-aholic, suffixanalyse, verbanalysis, nounanalyst, nounanorexia, nounantidepressant, nounautism, nounbattle fatigue, nounbehaviourism, nounbreakdown, nounbulimia, nouncatharsis, nouncertify, verbclaustrophobia, nouncognition, nouncognitive, adjectivecomplex, nouncompulsive, adjectivecounsel, verbcounselling, nouncrazed, adjectivecrazy, adjectivedefence mechanism, noundelusion, noundemented, adjectivedementia, noundenial, noundepressed, adjectivedepression, noundepressive, adjectivedepressive, nounderanged, adjectivediminished responsibility, noundipsomaniac, noundisordered, adjectivedisturbance, noundysfunctional, adjectiveeating disorder, nouneccentricity, nounego, nounelectric shock therapy, nounemotional, adjectiveexhibitionism, nounextra-sensory perception, nounfixation, nounFreudian, adjectiveFreudian slip, noungroup therapy, nounhallucinate, verbhydrophobia, nounhypnosis, nounhypnotic, adjectivehypnotise, verbhypnotist, nounhypnotize, verbid, nouninferiority complex, nouninsane, adjectiveinsanity, nounkleptomania, nounkleptomaniac, nounlibido, nounlinear, adjectivemaladjusted, adjectivemania, nounmanic, adjectivemanic depression, nounmanic depressive, nounmental, adjectivemental age, nounmental hospital, nounmentally handicapped, adjectivemidlife crisis, nounmisogynist, nounmixed up, adjectivenerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous breakdown, nounnervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounneurosis, nounneurotic, adjectiveobsessive, nounoedipal, adjectiveOedipus complex, nounpadded cell, nounparanoia, nounparanoid, adjectivepathological, adjectivepathology, nounpatterning, nounphallic, adjectivephobia, noun-phobia, suffixphrenology, nounpost-traumatic stress disorder, nounprecognition, nounpsyche, nounpsychiatric, adjectivepsychiatrist, nounpsychiatry, nounpsychic, adjectivepsycho, nounpsycho-, prefixpsychoanalysis, nounpsychoanalyst, nounpsychoanalyze, verbpsychobabble, nounpsychodrama, nounpsychokinesis, nounpsychological, adjectivepsychologist, nounpsychology, nounpsychopath, nounpsychosis, nounpsychosomatic, adjectivepsychotherapy, nounpsychotic, adjectivepyromaniac, nounrepression, nounresidential treatment facility, nounRorschach test, nounsadism, nounsadist, nounsafety valve, nounsanity, nounscar, nounscar, verbschizoid, adjectiveschizophrenia, nounschizophrenic, adjectiveschizophrenic, nounscrewed up, adjectivesocialize, verbsociopath, nounsplit personality, nounsubconscious, adjectivesubconscious, nounsuggestion, nounsuperego, nountherapy, nountorment, nountrance, nountrauma, nounvoyeur, nounwell-adjusted, adjective

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► activity

· All the evidence points to dreaming being a highly complex cognitive activity.· The inability to reverse operations is characteristic of the cognitive activity of the preoperational child.· These actions are directed by cognitive activity rather than dominated by perceptions, as was the case with preoperational thought.· Behavior patterns that are repeated in the course of cognitive activity are conceptualized as reflecting schemata.· Any cognitive activity seems to be dominated by the perceptual aspects.

► approach

· As regards metaphor, the cognitive approach appears to share something of both semantics and pragmatics.· To teach this system effectively, it uses the cognitive approach.· The recent trend toward cognitive approaches to metaphor provides a means of formalizing such a conception.· Nevertheless, there is a crucial difference between the cognitive approach and that of social representations.· This opinion is held by those who advocate a cognitive approach to learning.· A more cognitive approach is needed if the decisions made by managers and consumers are to be understood.· My final reservation relates to the almost total neglect of cognitive approaches to the questions discussed.· There are two main schools of thought in this regard: the behaviourist approach and the cognitive approach.

► aspect

· The cognitive aspects of sensorimotor development evolve as a child acts on the environment.· As the cognitive aspects of intelligence are developing, there is a parallel development of affect.· First, Piaget did his research on and wrote primarily about the cognitive aspects of intellectual development and cognitive structure.· Piaget also argued that all behavior has both affective and cognitive aspects.· The cognitive aspect has three components: content, function, and structure.

► capacity

· In this view, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the comprehensive information that would enable them to calculate utilities rationally.· The important conclusion is that some of the cognitive capacities needed for language evolved long before humans.

► development

· Play, Dreams and Imitation in Childhood may be related to a whole series of studies of cognitive development by piaget.· Affective development is not independent of cognitive development.· These terms have traditionally been studied because of their role in cognitive development.· Mental and physical actions in the environment are a necessary but not sufficient condition for cognitive development.· We were only playing School life is more than cognitive development, children's social development is important too.· Action is one of several interacting determinants of cognitive development.· This involves not only cognitive development but also a parallel affective development and adaptation to the adult life.· At each new level of cognitive development, previous levels are incorporated and integrated.

► dissonance

· The result, again, was a recognition of cognitive dissonance between internal stakeholder groups.· Defenders have advanced to a state of cognitive dissonance, an awareness that beliefs conflict with evidence.· Of course, the recognition of cognitive dissonance still does not solve the problem.· But in 1959 something was wrong with this picture: cognitive dissonance.· Meanwhile, the cognitive dissonance of the experience should shock any uniformitarian in the audience fully awake.

► function

· Estrogen is said to enhance cognitive function.· Drowsiness, impaired cognitive function, and impotence may be a problem with higher doses.· Precisely what are the cognitive functions, or epistemological resources, of different animals?· The principal advantage of this drug is that it causes little sedation or impairment of cognitive function and no dysmorphic side effects.· It is precisely the integration of cybernetic mechanisms in a hierarchical order that enables animals to develop the more complex cognitive functions.· There is little doubt that higher cognitive functions are associated with complex social life and elaborate means of communication.

► impairment

· The complete lack of cognitive improvements leads them to suggest that cognitive impairment is intrinsically associated with long-term morbidity in schizophrenia.· Table 4.5 shows that, as we would expect, cognitive impairment increased over the year in all samples.

► map

· Now consider an ingenious experiment which almost forces us to suppose that an animal has a cognitive map.· Part of the cognitive map of Easton's section police is their recipe knowledge.· Suppose that a cognitive map, similar to that in Figure 10, exists in the brain.· The rats used their cognitive maps to achieve the goal, showing they had learned the maze.· We do not know how cognitive maps are stored in the brain.· The other is to build up a cognitive map of the region to be traversed.· These cases suggest that animals can form cognitive maps.· Consider first a case in which no cognitive map is needed.

► model

· Models of face processing Finally, I want to move from cognitive models of word recognition to cognitive models of face recognition.· The cognitive model proposes a direct causal link: participation brings about enhanced information on goals, and so performance is improved.· So current cognitive models of language, memory, perception and so forth are also basically neutral to the question of consciousness.

► process

· These experiments tell us a great deal about certain aspects of cognitive processes, particularly their relative timing or sequencing.· Other models seek to emphasize the computational aspects of memory, thought, and cognitive processes.· So far, we have discussed ways in which different kinds of words may be pronounced using a range of cognitive processes.· Can the model help explain how human cognitive processes work?· A classic example of cognitive processes is that of animal memory and the demonstration of subsequent decisions based thereon.· The cognitive challenge Psychobiologists have reacted to the rediscovery of cognitive processes in two ways.· The difference is in the degree to which internal, cognitive processes are seen as being involved in producing the response.· Second, can we learn anything new about the nature of the underlying cognitive processes from studying these unfortunate individuals?

► psychology

· Holzner however describes the cognitive processes of the individual, borrowing both from cognitive psychology and from the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty.· The research will draw on and integrate current work in artificial intelligence, linguistics, and cognitive psychology.· Associative priming is a well known phenomenon in cognitive psychology.

► science

· If functionalism is false, then the success of the cognitive sciences is a massive scientific fluke.· Language is acquiring increased visibility in the field of cognitive science.· But cognitive science is not merely about information technology.

► skill

· Psychologists use tests that examine the cognitive skills of the child.· For each cognitive skill which humans possess, they must also possess its opposite.· The study will test several hypotheses about the relation between perceptual and cognitive skills.

► structure

· This is because metaphorical mappings, and hence readings, are ultimately constrained by what appear to be universal cognitive structures.· That is, affective structures are constructed as cognitive structures are constructed.· They will possess the same cognitive structures and whatever maturational schedules thereof that underlie hearing children's language acquisition.· Concurrent with the development of cognitive structures is the development of affective structures.· This reduces social and historical circumstances to modifying influences on a cognitive structure predisposed to differentiation and even discrimination.· As development proceeds, egocentrism slowly wanes and is revived in a different form when new cognitive structures are attained.· Logical operations are constructed, as are all cognitive structures, out of prior structures as a function of assimilation and accommodation.· Flavell writes: Interposed between function and content, Piaget postulates the existence of cognitive structures.

► system

· Reading takes years of learning and practice by the human child, who already has an established linguistic and cognitive system.· The selected novel information is then fed to the cognitive system.

► theory

· Or maybe any conceivable account is translatable into cognitive theory, which then loses all empirical content.· He has traveled widely, lecturing on such obscure but important topics as cryptography, intellectual property and cognitive theory.· The best cognitive theory we have motivates the best valid interpretation we can get.· But cognitive theories' dominance within psychological discourse induces many feminists to recapitulate these theories, overlooking their subtler gender biases.

► therapy

· In our second study we sought to confirm our findings that group and individual cognitive therapy were equally effective.· In this sense cognitive therapy might sometimes serve a preventive function.· Though the early stages of cognitive therapy are primarily behavioural, one often has to introduce cognitive material in order to facilitate tasks.· In their entirety the cognitive therapy techniques of Beck and his colleagues offer a complete system of psychotherapy.· Or it may take a more structured approach drawn from cognitive therapy techniques.· Discovering these chains or networks of negative irrational thoughts is the basis of cognitive therapy.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► mental/visual/cognitive/hearing etc impairment

An artist who has a visual impairment, working with and not against its limitations.
Five years after his illness began the patient complained of progressive visual impairment.
Hearing checks are essential as conductive hearing impairment is very frequent in young children.
However, visual impairment does seem to be related to both anxiety and depression.
Nausea, visual impairment, or headache occasionally occur.
The authors recognise the many methodological problems in studying disabilities that may result from hearing impairment.
The complete lack of cognitive improvements leads them to suggest that cognitive impairment is intrinsically associated with long-term morbidity in schizophrenia.
This is one reason why hearing impairment in childhood is totally different from hearing loss in adult life.

单词	cognitively
释义	cognitivecog‧ni‧tive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv $ ˈkɑːɡ-/ ●○○ adjective formal Examples EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS All the evidence points to dreaming being a highly complex cognitive activity. Beginning with the emergence of preoperational reasoning, arguments and intellectual confrontations with others are a source of cognitive conflict and disequilibrium. Estrogen is said to enhance cognitive function. Moreover, particular examples of the use or non-use of multiple points of view are not necessarily indicators of cognitive deprivation. She pursues the consequences of these differences for educational modes and for cognitive operations. The principal advantage of this drug is that it causes little sedation or impairment of cognitive function and no dysmorphic side effects. Therapy based on these questions can be wonderful and effective for help with a wide variety of emotional or cognitive problems. With initial cognitive differentiations, the first acquired feelings are observed. word sets WORD SETS► Psychology/Psychiatry agoraphobia, nounagoraphobic, noun-aholic, suffixanalyse, verbanalysis, nounanalyst, nounanorexia, nounantidepressant, nounautism, nounbattle fatigue, nounbehaviourism, nounbreakdown, nounbulimia, nouncatharsis, nouncertify, verbclaustrophobia, nouncognition, nouncognitive, adjectivecomplex, nouncompulsive, adjectivecounsel, verbcounselling, nouncrazed, adjectivecrazy, adjectivedefence mechanism, noundelusion, noundemented, adjectivedementia, noundenial, noundepressed, adjectivedepression, noundepressive, adjectivedepressive, nounderanged, adjectivediminished responsibility, noundipsomaniac, noundisordered, adjectivedisturbance, noundysfunctional, adjectiveeating disorder, nouneccentricity, nounego, nounelectric shock therapy, nounemotional, adjectiveexhibitionism, nounextra-sensory perception, nounfixation, nounFreudian, adjectiveFreudian slip, noungroup therapy, nounhallucinate, verbhydrophobia, nounhypnosis, nounhypnotic, adjectivehypnotise, verbhypnotist, nounhypnotize, verbid, nouninferiority complex, nouninsane, adjectiveinsanity, nounkleptomania, nounkleptomaniac, nounlibido, nounlinear, adjectivemaladjusted, adjectivemania, nounmanic, adjectivemanic depression, nounmanic depressive, nounmental, adjectivemental age, nounmental hospital, nounmentally handicapped, adjectivemidlife crisis, nounmisogynist, nounmixed up, adjectivenerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous breakdown, nounnervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounneurosis, nounneurotic, adjectiveobsessive, nounoedipal, adjectiveOedipus complex, nounpadded cell, nounparanoia, nounparanoid, adjectivepathological, adjectivepathology, nounpatterning, nounphallic, adjectivephobia, noun-phobia, suffixphrenology, nounpost-traumatic stress disorder, nounprecognition, nounpsyche, nounpsychiatric, adjectivepsychiatrist, nounpsychiatry, nounpsychic, adjectivepsycho, nounpsycho-, prefixpsychoanalysis, nounpsychoanalyst, nounpsychoanalyze, verbpsychobabble, nounpsychodrama, nounpsychokinesis, nounpsychological, adjectivepsychologist, nounpsychology, nounpsychopath, nounpsychosis, nounpsychosomatic, adjectivepsychotherapy, nounpsychotic, adjectivepyromaniac, nounrepression, nounresidential treatment facility, nounRorschach test, nounsadism, nounsadist, nounsafety valve, nounsanity, nounscar, nounscar, verbschizoid, adjectiveschizophrenia, nounschizophrenic, adjectiveschizophrenic, nounscrewed up, adjectivesocialize, verbsociopath, nounsplit personality, nounsubconscious, adjectivesubconscious, nounsuggestion, nounsuperego, nountherapy, nountorment, nountrance, nountrauma, nounvoyeur, nounwell-adjusted, adjective Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► activity · All the evidence points to dreaming being a highly complex cognitive activity.· The inability to reverse operations is characteristic of the cognitive activity of the preoperational child.· These actions are directed by cognitive activity rather than dominated by perceptions, as was the case with preoperational thought.· Behavior patterns that are repeated in the course of cognitive activity are conceptualized as reflecting schemata.· Any cognitive activity seems to be dominated by the perceptual aspects. ► approach · As regards metaphor, the cognitive approach appears to share something of both semantics and pragmatics.· To teach this system effectively, it uses the cognitive approach.· The recent trend toward cognitive approaches to metaphor provides a means of formalizing such a conception.· Nevertheless, there is a crucial difference between the cognitive approach and that of social representations.· This opinion is held by those who advocate a cognitive approach to learning.· A more cognitive approach is needed if the decisions made by managers and consumers are to be understood.· My final reservation relates to the almost total neglect of cognitive approaches to the questions discussed.· There are two main schools of thought in this regard: the behaviourist approach and the cognitive approach. ► aspect · The cognitive aspects of sensorimotor development evolve as a child acts on the environment.· As the cognitive aspects of intelligence are developing, there is a parallel development of affect.· First, Piaget did his research on and wrote primarily about the cognitive aspects of intellectual development and cognitive structure.· Piaget also argued that all behavior has both affective and cognitive aspects.· The cognitive aspect has three components: content, function, and structure. ► capacity · In this view, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the comprehensive information that would enable them to calculate utilities rationally.· The important conclusion is that some of the cognitive capacities needed for language evolved long before humans. ► development · Play, Dreams and Imitation in Childhood may be related to a whole series of studies of cognitive development by piaget.· Affective development is not independent of cognitive development.· These terms have traditionally been studied because of their role in cognitive development.· Mental and physical actions in the environment are a necessary but not sufficient condition for cognitive development.· We were only playing School life is more than cognitive development, children's social development is important too.· Action is one of several interacting determinants of cognitive development.· This involves not only cognitive development but also a parallel affective development and adaptation to the adult life.· At each new level of cognitive development, previous levels are incorporated and integrated. ► dissonance · The result, again, was a recognition of cognitive dissonance between internal stakeholder groups.· Defenders have advanced to a state of cognitive dissonance, an awareness that beliefs conflict with evidence.· Of course, the recognition of cognitive dissonance still does not solve the problem.· But in 1959 something was wrong with this picture: cognitive dissonance.· Meanwhile, the cognitive dissonance of the experience should shock any uniformitarian in the audience fully awake. ► function · Estrogen is said to enhance cognitive function.· Drowsiness, impaired cognitive function, and impotence may be a problem with higher doses.· Precisely what are the cognitive functions, or epistemological resources, of different animals?· The principal advantage of this drug is that it causes little sedation or impairment of cognitive function and no dysmorphic side effects.· It is precisely the integration of cybernetic mechanisms in a hierarchical order that enables animals to develop the more complex cognitive functions.· There is little doubt that higher cognitive functions are associated with complex social life and elaborate means of communication. ► impairment · The complete lack of cognitive improvements leads them to suggest that cognitive impairment is intrinsically associated with long-term morbidity in schizophrenia.· Table 4.5 shows that, as we would expect, cognitive impairment increased over the year in all samples. ► map · Now consider an ingenious experiment which almost forces us to suppose that an animal has a cognitive map.· Part of the cognitive map of Easton's section police is their recipe knowledge.· Suppose that a cognitive map, similar to that in Figure 10, exists in the brain.· The rats used their cognitive maps to achieve the goal, showing they had learned the maze.· We do not know how cognitive maps are stored in the brain.· The other is to build up a cognitive map of the region to be traversed.· These cases suggest that animals can form cognitive maps.· Consider first a case in which no cognitive map is needed. ► model · Models of face processing Finally, I want to move from cognitive models of word recognition to cognitive models of face recognition.· The cognitive model proposes a direct causal link: participation brings about enhanced information on goals, and so performance is improved.· So current cognitive models of language, memory, perception and so forth are also basically neutral to the question of consciousness. ► process · These experiments tell us a great deal about certain aspects of cognitive processes, particularly their relative timing or sequencing.· Other models seek to emphasize the computational aspects of memory, thought, and cognitive processes.· So far, we have discussed ways in which different kinds of words may be pronounced using a range of cognitive processes.· Can the model help explain how human cognitive processes work?· A classic example of cognitive processes is that of animal memory and the demonstration of subsequent decisions based thereon.· The cognitive challenge Psychobiologists have reacted to the rediscovery of cognitive processes in two ways.· The difference is in the degree to which internal, cognitive processes are seen as being involved in producing the response.· Second, can we learn anything new about the nature of the underlying cognitive processes from studying these unfortunate individuals? ► psychology · Holzner however describes the cognitive processes of the individual, borrowing both from cognitive psychology and from the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty.· The research will draw on and integrate current work in artificial intelligence, linguistics, and cognitive psychology.· Associative priming is a well known phenomenon in cognitive psychology. ► science · If functionalism is false, then the success of the cognitive sciences is a massive scientific fluke.· Language is acquiring increased visibility in the field of cognitive science.· But cognitive science is not merely about information technology. ► skill · Psychologists use tests that examine the cognitive skills of the child.· For each cognitive skill which humans possess, they must also possess its opposite.· The study will test several hypotheses about the relation between perceptual and cognitive skills. ► structure · This is because metaphorical mappings, and hence readings, are ultimately constrained by what appear to be universal cognitive structures.· That is, affective structures are constructed as cognitive structures are constructed.· They will possess the same cognitive structures and whatever maturational schedules thereof that underlie hearing children's language acquisition.· Concurrent with the development of cognitive structures is the development of affective structures.· This reduces social and historical circumstances to modifying influences on a cognitive structure predisposed to differentiation and even discrimination.· As development proceeds, egocentrism slowly wanes and is revived in a different form when new cognitive structures are attained.· Logical operations are constructed, as are all cognitive structures, out of prior structures as a function of assimilation and accommodation.· Flavell writes: Interposed between function and content, Piaget postulates the existence of cognitive structures. ► system · Reading takes years of learning and practice by the human child, who already has an established linguistic and cognitive system.· The selected novel information is then fed to the cognitive system. ► theory · Or maybe any conceivable account is translatable into cognitive theory, which then loses all empirical content.· He has traveled widely, lecturing on such obscure but important topics as cryptography, intellectual property and cognitive theory.· The best cognitive theory we have motivates the best valid interpretation we can get.· But cognitive theories' dominance within psychological discourse induces many feminists to recapitulate these theories, overlooking their subtler gender biases. ► therapy · In our second study we sought to confirm our findings that group and individual cognitive therapy were equally effective.· In this sense cognitive therapy might sometimes serve a preventive function.· Though the early stages of cognitive therapy are primarily behavioural, one often has to introduce cognitive material in order to facilitate tasks.· In their entirety the cognitive therapy techniques of Beck and his colleagues offer a complete system of psychotherapy.· Or it may take a more structured approach drawn from cognitive therapy techniques.· Discovering these chains or networks of negative irrational thoughts is the basis of cognitive therapy. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► mental/visual/cognitive/hearing etc impairment An artist who has a visual impairment, working with and not against its limitations. Five years after his illness began the patient complained of progressive visual impairment. Hearing checks are essential as conductive hearing impairment is very frequent in young children. However, visual impairment does seem to be related to both anxiety and depression. Nausea, visual impairment, or headache occasionally occur. The authors recognise the many methodological problems in studying disabilities that may result from hearing impairment. The complete lack of cognitive improvements leads them to suggest that cognitive impairment is intrinsically associated with long-term morbidity in schizophrenia. This is one reason why hearing impairment in childhood is totally different from hearing loss in adult life. related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something: cognitive psychology—cognitively adverb
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