释义 |
compulsorycom‧pul‧so‧ry /kəmˈpʌlsəri/ ●●○ adjective - All young men are required to do two years of compulsory military service.
- Attendance at the meeting is compulsory.
- It is now compulsory for anyone claiming state benefit to register with a job centre.
- Maths and English are compulsory for all students.
- Smoke detectors are compulsory in all new buildings.
- I suspect this, like compulsory religious education, gave me a lifelong scepticism about obligatory elements in any curriculum.
- The study of Shakespeare is compulsory for major and joint programmes.
- There are many benefits of compulsory competitive tendering in London, but many local authorities resisted it.
- They pushed for state laws on compulsory sterilization of criminals and the physically defective, with some success.
- This amounts to compulsory purchase, but holds out the prospect that the shares will rise.
- Thus, for Austen's heroine, Elizabeth Bennet, marriage was not just important, it was compulsory.
- We will maintain our programme of compulsory competitive tendering of local authority services.
► compulsory if something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law: · Maths and English are compulsory for all students.· Compulsory education was introduced in 1870.· Wearing a seat belt is compulsory.· It is now compulsory for anyone claiming state benefit to register with a job centre. ► obligatory [not usually before noun] if something is obligatory, you must do it because of a rule or law. Obligatory is more formal than compulsory: · It is now obligatory for all competitors to wear face protectors.· Evening dress is usual, but not obligatory.· Military service is obligatory for all men between 18 and 27. ► mandatory if something is mandatory, you must do it because it is the law. Mandatory is more formal than compulsory and sounds stronger: · Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death sentence.· In some countries, wearing helmets is mandatory for all cyclists. not compulsory► optional if something is optional, you can choose whether to do it or not: · You don’t have to do French – it’s optional.· The holiday price includes optional excursions such as an evening cruise on the lake.· General Studies is optional for sixth-form students. ► voluntary done because you want to do it and not because you have to – used especially about things that you do because you think they will help other people or be useful: · The programme is entirely voluntary, and no one will be forced to join.· The charity is funded by voluntary donations. when a rule or law forces you to do something► must do something/have to do something · All competitors must arrive by 10:00 a.m.· All visitors have to sign in at the main reception desk.· I'm not sure what the procedure is -- you might have to make a written complaint.must/have to · I don't want to get rid of the animals, but we have to. ► be obliged to do something formal to have to do something, because of a legal or professional rule: · Doctors are obliged by law to try to keep their patients alive.· Members of parliament are obliged to declare all their financial interests. ► be required to do something formal to have to do something - used especially in written notices and official documents: · Visitors are required to register their names on arrival.· Under the law the President is required to notify Congress when US troops are likely to be involved in hostilities.· Companies are legally required to keep records of all their financial transactions. ► have an obligation to do something/be under an obligation to do something to have to do something because it is the duty of someone in your position to do it, or because you have officially agreed to do it: · Anyone who rents a house is under an obligation to keep it clean and tidy.· Having promised to cut taxes, the government now has an obligation to do so. ► compulsory something that is compulsory must be done, used, or provided because of a rule or law: · Smoke detectors are compulsory in all new buildings.· Compulsory education (=when all children have to go to school) was introduced in 1870.compulsory for: · Maths and English are compulsory for all students.it is compulsory (for somebody) to do something: · It is now compulsory for anyone claiming state benefit to register with a job centre. ► mandatory something that is mandatory must be done because of the law: · Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death sentence.mandatory for: · In some countries, wearing helmets is mandatory for all cyclists. ► obligatory something that is obligatory must be done because of a rule or law, or because it is expected that you will do it: · Evening dress is usual, but not obligatory.obligatory for: · Military service is obligatory for all men between 18 and 27.it is obligatory (for somebody) to do something: · It is now obligatory for all competitors to wear face protectors. ► compulsory redundancies the threat of compulsory redundancies ► compulsory schooling/education 11 years of compulsory education ► compulsory redundancies (=when workers are forced to be redundant)· He promised there would be no compulsory redundancies. ► compulsory schooling children in their final year of compulsory schooling (=the time during which children have to attend school by law) NOUN► acquisition· This process often involved the compulsory acquisition of firms and hence their potential closure. ► admission· Referral for compulsory admission is clearly an issue of power.· Where compulsory admission was necessary, three types of admission orders were defined.· Although considered in need of assessment or treatment, these women did not require compulsory admission, with the attendant limits on civil liberties.· New Mental Health Tribunals were set up in each health region to deal with any complaints arising from compulsory admission procedures.· Third, the move towards compulsory admissions to residential care should be discouraged in favour of voluntary and planned admissions.· However, many were referred for compulsory admission where they were subsequently not admitted, or admitted informally.· The father, so angered by the compulsory admission, became threatening and abusive to residential staff.· First, ASWs took responsibility for decisions diverting individuals from compulsory admission. ► education· The law which makes Work Experience possible for young people in their last year of compulsory education specifically forbids their receiving payment.· A child who lives in a state that requires school attendance must attend some acceptable school during the years of compulsory education.· Parents usually keep their children at home for a couple of years after they have completed their six years of compulsory education.· The State advances two primary arguments in support of its system of compulsory education.· The period of costly childhood dependency was further lengthened by the introduction of compulsory education from 1880.· But there are, of course, provisions governing compulsory education.· A special interest group for researchers in post-compulsory education and lifelong learning recently had its first meeting. ► purchase· For example: Your business or home is threatened with a compulsory purchase order.· Public bodies may apply for a compulsory purchase order in respect of certain property.· Any land in excess of this maximum was subject to compulsory purchase by the government.· The agency should have powers of compulsory purchase and therefore the site of the town should be publicly owned.· The local council also opposes the compulsory purchase order.· One example from a multitude of possible examples is the compulsory purchase order enquiry.· The Department of the Environment produces free booklets on planning permission, enforcement, appeals and compulsory purchase.· A compulsory purchase order has been served on your business premises. ► redundancy· The bulk of the jobs will go next year, and the company is promising there will be no compulsory redundancies.· Hugh was at the Milton sit-in, where the workers won a fight to stop compulsory redundancies but lost the war.· The foremen, members of the white-collar Manufacturing Science and Finance union, were protesting over the threat of compulsory redundancies.· They are among 1,500 staff of the bank who are facing compulsory redundancy.· Read in studio Management say any compulsory redundancies will be announced later.· And there would be no more compulsory redundancies.· The ballot came as a result of threats of compulsory redundancies.· Labour moderates win over four of the hard left by agreeing that the cuts shall involve as few compulsory redundancies as possible. ► registration· He has called for the compulsory registration of all property transactions in an attempt to stop the use of secret deals.· Therefore the withdrawal of compulsory registration altered the situation.· Nine out of 10 directors say there should be compulsory registration of private care agencies. ► sale· He is understood to feel that compulsory sales would break up historic estates.· Dealing with untraceable shareholders under the compulsory sale procedures is more troublesome. ► school· The order will terminate when the child ceases to be of compulsory school age or if a care order is made.· In this respect, the law on compulsory school attendance clearly has its limitations.· Even within the compulsory school age, inequalities have remained.· During the compulsory school period there are usually only two centres, home and school, which coordinate services for children.· That technical instruction should be provided during the compulsory school years.· Work with parents Little professional work with parents is undertaken after the compulsory school period. ► schooling· The use of education services has become more equal during the years of compulsory schooling.· This will help pupils to develop a personal love of reading which will continue after compulsory schooling.· To compel a pupil to obey a teacher makes no sense without placing it in the context of compulsory schooling enforced legally.· This list is carried in publicity and in information given directly to pupils in their final year of compulsory schooling.· Historically, she has laid much greater stress than her continental neighbours on sophisticated external examinations at the end of compulsory schooling. something that is compulsory must be done because it is the law or because someone in authority orders you to → voluntary: the threat of compulsory redundanciescompulsory schooling/education 11 years of compulsory education Car insurance is compulsory.► see thesaurus at necessary—compulsorily adverbTHESAURUScompulsory if something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law: · Maths and English are compulsory for all students.· Compulsory education was introduced in 1870.· Wearing a seat belt is compulsory.· It is now compulsory for anyone claiming state benefit to register with a job centre.obligatory [not usually before noun] if something is obligatory, you must do it because of a rule or law. Obligatory is more formal than compulsory: · It is now obligatory for all competitors to wear face protectors.· Evening dress is usual, but not obligatory.· Military service is obligatory for all men between 18 and 27.mandatory if something is mandatory, you must do it because it is the law. Mandatory is more formal than compulsory and sounds stronger: · Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death sentence.· In some countries, wearing helmets is mandatory for all cyclists.not compulsoryoptional if something is optional, you can choose whether to do it or not: · You don’t have to do French – it’s optional.· The holiday price includes optional excursions such as an evening cruise on the lake.· General Studies is optional for sixth-form students.voluntary done because you want to do it and not because you have to – used especially about things that you do because you think they will help other people or be useful: · The programme is entirely voluntary, and no one will be forced to join.· The charity is funded by voluntary donations. |