单词 | destroy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | destroyde‧stroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ ●●● S2 W2 verb [transitive] Word Origin WORD ORIGINdestroy Verb TableOrigin: 1100-1200 Old French destruire, from Latin destruere, from struere ‘to build’VERB TABLE destroy
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► destroy Collocations to damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be used or repaired: · The earthquake almost completely destroyed the city.· The twin towers were destroyed in a terrorist attack. ► devastate to damage a large area very badly and destroy many things in it: · Allied bombings in 1943 devastated the city.· The country’s economy has been devastated by years of fighting. ► demolish to completely destroy a building, either deliberately or by accident: · The original 15th century house was demolished in Victorian times.· The plane crashed into a suburb of Paris, demolishing several buildings. ► flatten to destroy a building or town by knocking it down, bombing it etc, so that nothing is left standing: · The town centre was flattened by a 500 lb bomb. ► wreck to deliberately damage something very badly, especially a room or building: · The toilets had been wrecked by vandals.· They just wrecked the place. ► trash informal to deliberately destroy a lot of the things in a room, house etc: · Apparently, he trashed his hotel room while on drugs. ► obliterate formal to destroy a place so completely that nothing remains: · The nuclear blast obliterated most of Hiroshima. ► reduce something to ruins/rubble/ashes to destroy a building or town completely: · The town was reduced to rubble in the First World War. ► ruin to spoil something completely, so that it cannot be used or enjoyed: · Fungus may ruin the crop.· The new houses will ruin the view. Longman Language Activatorto destroy an area or place► destroy to damage something so badly that it cannot be repaired: · The earthquake destroyed much of the city.· In Brazil the rainforests are gradually being destroyed.· The factory was almost completely destroyed by fire. ► devastate to cause so much damage over a large area that most of the buildings, trees, and crops there are destroyed: · A huge explosion devastated the downtown area last night.· The country has been devastated by floods.· Years of war have devastated this island nation. ► wreck to deliberately damage a building or room very badly: · He came home drunk again, threatening to wreck the apartment.· Bulldozers were brought in to wreck the tents and shacks that protesters had put up. ► be flattened if an area such as a town or forest is flattened all the buildings or trees there are destroyed by bombs, storms etc: · It will cost $400 million to rebuild the houses that were flattened in the fighting.be flattened by: · Thousands of miles of woodland were flattened by storms last month. ► obliterate to destroy a place so completely that nothing remains, and it is difficult to see or imagine what was once there: · Entire sections of the city were obliterated by the repeated bombing.· Frequent flooding eventually obliterated all traces of the community that used to live there. ► be ravaged by if a place or an area is ravaged by war, fire etc, it is very badly damaged and a lot of it is destroyed - used especially in newspapers and news reports: · The country has been ravaged by civil war for the last 10 years.· North Africa and the Middle East are regularly ravaged by plagues of locusts. ► reduce something to rubble/ashes etc to completely destroy a building: · Their new two-storey house had been reduced to ashes in the fire.· We won't stand by while developers reduce the historic remains of the city to rubble. ► trash informal to deliberately destroy a lot of the things in a room, house, etc: · Someone had broken in and trashed her apartment.· Band members have been accused of trashing their hotel rooms. to deliberately destroy a building► demolish to destroy a building using special equipment, because it is old or not safe: · Eventually, in 1997, the apartment block was demolished.· When they demolished the church, a cave was discovered beneath it. ► knock down also pull down British to deliberately destroy a building or wall because it is not now needed, not safe etc: knock/pull down something: · If you knocked down this wall, the living room would be a lot bigger.· She was brought up in a tatty little house that has since been pulled down.knock/pull something down: · They'll have to knock down these houses when they build the new road. ► tear down to deliberately destroy a building or other structure, especially in order to put something else in its place - use this especially when you do not approve of this action: tear down something: · We need laws to keep people from tearing down these beautiful old buildings.tear something down: · I'll be really upset if they tear the old theater down. to completely destroy a vehicle► wreck to damage a car, boat etc very badly in an accident so that it cannot be used again: · They had stolen a car and wrecked it on the freeway.· Glen drove right into a tree and wrecked his car. ► write off British /total American to damage a vehicle, especially a car, so badly in an accident that it cannot be repaired or used again: · I totaled my car in a blizzard once, and I won't drive in the snow anymore.write off something/write something off: · She wrote her mother's car off the first time she drove it. to destroy someone's relationships, hopes, happiness etc► destroy to destroy someone's relationships, hopes, happiness etc: · Even close relationships can be destroyed by alcoholism.· Few things destroy trust more than telling a friend's secrets.· Chandler worried that the scandal would destroy his chances for a respectable career. ► wreck to completely destroy someone's relationships, hopes, chances etc, especially by doing or saying something without thinking of the likely results: · Ron's affair wrecked our marriage.· His confrontational speech has wrecked any chances of a peace settlement. ► break somebody's spirit/resolve/will etc to destroy someone's determination although they have tried hard to keep it: · Years in prison did not break Mr Mandela's spirit.· Her captors used violence and psychological torture to try to break her will. ► ruin to completely spoil or destroy someone's chances, hopes, relationship etc: · Phelps's mistake has ruined her chances of winning the championship.· Patty's ex-boyfriend is ruining our relationship. likely to destroy something► destructive likely to destroy something or cause serious damage to it: · The border war has been wasteful and destructive.· The destructive side-effects of pesticides are now well known.· Alcoholics often tend to have stormy and destructive relationships. ► devastating causing very serious damage to all the buildings, trees, crops etc in an area, so that they are almost completely destroyed: · The palace was rebuilt in 1832 after a devastating fire.have a devastating effect: · The oil spill had a devastating effect on sea birds and other wildlife. when something is destroyed► destruction when something is destroyed: · The war caused widespread death and destruction.destruction of: · The destruction of forests for timber, fuel, and charcoal increased during the 18th century. ► devastation the result of an area being completely and violently destroyed: · Few buildings in the city had escaped devastation.utter devastation (=complete devastation): · The scene after the explosion was one of utter devastation. ► demolition the deliberate destruction of a building, because it is in bad condition or in order to build a new one: · The old factory will be knocked down by demolition experts.demolition of: · Building the new freeway is going to mean the demolition of an entire housing complex. ► be/lie in ruins if a town or building is in ruins or lies in ruins , it has been completely destroyed: · After the war entire neighborhoods lay in ruins.leave something in ruins: · Four days and nights of continuous bombing had left the city in ruins. a place or thing that is destroyed► wreckage the broken parts of a car, plane etc that has crashed: · Wreckage from the plane was scattered over a large area.· Investigators are looking through pieces of the wreckage for any clues about the crash. ► ruins the parts of a building or town that remain after it has been destroyed: · The tour will visit ancient monasteries and Roman ruins in Merida.ruins of: · Gunfire still echoed through the ruins of the city. ► wreck a ship that has been sunk, or a car that has been very badly damaged in a crash: · Divers went down to search the wreck.· The car was a complete wreck, but the driver escaped with minor injuries. ► write-off British a car that has been so badly damaged that it cannot be used again: · The car was a complete write-off - I was lucky I wasn't killed. to cause death► kill to cause someone's death - use this especially about accidents, diseases, or substances: · A car drove onto the pavement, killing three of Mrs Maguire's children.· The explosion killed 32 people.· The disease has already killed more than 2000 in Latin America.· Many people do not realize that these drugs are dangerous and can kill.be killed in a crash/accident etc: · James Dean was killed in a car crash in 1955. ► cause death to make someone die: · Rhubarb leaves, either raw or cooked, can cause violent stomach pains or even death.· Research is being done into the virus that caused the death of 15,000 seals last summer.· The injuries sustained by the victim were not sufficient to have caused death in a healthy person. ► kill off to cause the death of a group of plants or animals: kill off something: · It was the cold winter of 1992 that finally killed off the last of the roses.· Pollution in the lakes and streams has been killing off many species of fish.kill something off: · If you plant your seedlings out too soon, a late frost might kill them off. ► destroy to kill things, especially plants and trees, so that they can never start to grow again: · A vast amount of the Amazonian rainforest is being destroyed every day.· Milk is heat treated for a few seconds to destroy bacteria. ► be a killer if an illness is a killer , it kills a lot of people, especially because there is no cure: · In those days measles was a major killer.· Diphtheria is still a killer in many developing countries. ► wipe out to kill a complete group or race of people, or all of a type of animal or plant, so that it no longer exists: wipe out somebody/something: · The entire village was wiped out.· Archaeologists think that massive floods could have wiped out the dinosaurs.wipe somebody/something out: · The fur trade has wiped leopards out in some areas. ► decimate to kill large numbers of the people, animals, or plants in a particular place: · Cambodia's 21-year war decimated the wildlife population.· His prize herd of cows has been decimated by an unknown disease. to kill an animal► kill · Is it morally acceptable to kill animals for food?· You shouldn't really kill spiders, even if you're frightened of them.· They were so hungry they killed the rest of their livestock that winter. ► slaughter to kill farm animals, either for their meat or skins, or because they are ill: · The only way to stop the virus spreading is by slaughtering all infected animals.· As part of the ceremony a cow was slaughtered and placed on the stone altar. ► destroy to kill an animal in a painless way, especially using drugs, because it is dangerous or in pain: · The Animal Disease Authority decided to destroy the cattle that were infected with the disease.have something destroyed: · The court ordered the owner of the rottweilers to have the dogs destroyed. ► put down/put to sleep British to kill an animal, especially a pet, in a painless way, because it is very old or very ill, or is not wanted: · When our old cat became very sick we had to ask the vet to put her down.· She rescued Sandy from the Animal Shelter the day before he was due to be put to sleep.have something put down/put to sleep: · A blind dog is no use to a shepherd. I'm afraid I'm going to have to have him put down. ► cull to kill a large number of animals, for example in order to stop a disease spreading or to keep the numbers of a particular animal population down: · Over two million sheep have been culled to prevent the spread of foot and mouth disease. to spoil a relationship or friendship► spoil · His jealousy spoiled their relationship, and she left him after a few months.· The assassination attempt has definitely spoilt the previously positive atmosphere between the opposing parties. ► sour to spoil a friendly relationship between people, especially when this happens gradually: · The affair did not seem to have soured their friendship.· The global trend towards higher taxation on fuel consumption is souring relations with leading oil-producing states.· The incident was serious enough to sour the atmosphere for weeks. ► poison to spoil a relationship, especially a close one, by causing a situation in which people can no longer trust each other: · Our marriage was poisoned by mistrust, deceit and jealousy. ► destroy to completely spoil a relationship or friendship: · I don't want this to destroy our friendship.· Her feelings of self-doubt had destroyed every relationship that she had ever had. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYnouns► destroy the evidence Word family (=deliberately destroy evidence of a crime)· They set light to the car to destroy the evidence. ► destroy the environment· Some of these companies are polluting and destroying the environment. ► destroy the world/planet· No one wants another war, which might destroy the world. ► destroy somebody’s career· She made one bad mistake and it destroyed her career. ► destroy somebody’s reputation· The scandal destroyed his reputation. ► destroy the character of something· New buildings have destroyed much of the character of the area. ► destroy somebody’s hopes· Losing the game destroyed the team’s hopes of reaching the semi-finals. ► destroy somebody’s confidence· When he failed his degree, it completely destroyed his confidence. adverbs► completely/totally destroy something· The plane was completely destroyed when it hit a mountain. ► partially destroy something· The Great Fire of 1666 partially destroyed the prison. phrases► be destroyed by fire/a bomb/earthquake etc· The building was destroyed by fire in 2004. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► break/destroy a bond· He didn’t want to do anything to break the bond between them. ► demolish/destroy a building (=pull it down)· Permission is needed to demolish listed buildings. ► destroy/shatter confidence in somebody/something· A further crisis has destroyed public confidence in the bank. ► destroy/shatter somebody’s confidence· When she failed her degree, it shattered her confidence. ► destroy credibility· The scandal nearly destroyed the FBI's credibility. ► something destroys/damages a crop· When disease destroyed the crop, famine followed. ► an earthquake destroys/damages something· The earthquake completely destroyed all the buildings on the island. ► destroy the economy· The floods last year destroyed the region’s economy. ► destroy the environment· We need to find ways of producing energy without destroying the environment. ► an explosion destroys something· Seven people died when the explosion destroyed the bus. ► destroy somebody’s faith in somebody/something· Terry’s lies had destroyed Liz’s faith in men. ► something is damaged/destroyed by fire· The school was badly damaged by fire. ► destroy/spoil a friendship· Their friendship was spoilt after a fierce argument. ► damage/destroy a habitat· Widening the road will uproot trees and damage wildlife habitat. ► destroy morale· The possibility of big job cuts was destroying morale. ► destroy/ruin somebody’s reputation· The accusation ruined her reputation and cost her the election. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► almost· Thousands of Nuba were forced to flee as government soldiers scaled the mountains, destroying almost 2,500 homes and burning food stores.· Even with his body almost destroyed he had to continue until his life-functions were terminated or his mission was carried out.· The revelation almost destroyed the O'Dell family.· One of its own ancestors, the pre-war, down-market Lagonda Rapier, almost destroyed its parent company.· It was a marriage and a lifestyle that almost destroyed him. ► completely· In 1908, an earthquake almost completely destroyed Messina, Sicily.· If the enemy ignites war recklessly, we shall resolutely answer it with war and completely destroy the aggressors.· The tail unit had been almost completely destroyed.· The result is a devastating detonation that completely destroys the rocket.· Antony has turned the tables completely and has now completely destroyed all hopes of the conspirators ever establishing themselves in Rome.· And in 60 percent of mice in which human tumors were implanted, the virus completely destroyed the tumors.· Had his desire been completely destroyed by hatred?· San Francisco was shaken by a severe earthquake which, together with the fire that followed, almost completely destroyed the city. ► nearly· Julius had nearly destroyed her once.· Thus, the New Jersey paradox: Conservatives saved her, but they nearly destroyed her.· It would cap a courageous return by a player whose career was nearly destroyed by injury.· Jay Burns has undergone 18 skin grafts since the horrible accident three years ago, an accident that nearly destroyed his life.· She had come to Hochhauser in hope and desperation and Gesner had nearly destroyed her.· After fierce fighting, C Troop was nearly destroyed.· Nothing remarkable bout that, except that Orphans was nearly destroyed, when Film Four accidentally burnt most of it.· Economic chaos of the first period of freedom nearly destroyed education and social services that had been taken for granted. ► totally· If dated by conventional radiocarbon, it would have been totally destroyed during measurement.· The tunnels were never totally destroyed, nor were they ever emptied.· Chokoria Sunderban, an 18,000-hectare mangrove forest in Cox's Bazar, has been totally destroyed.· Most of the houses in the village itself were totally destroyed, and 3,000 people were killed.· The Deaf Institute in Bath was totally destroyed, and all records were lost.· It's a bit of a mess but it's not totally destroyed.· This building was totally destroyed, and the deaf of Weymouth were without a club for some months. NOUN► building· The fireball destroyed a prefabricated office building before setting a four-storey office block ablaze.· The Dec. 11 fire that destroyed three major buildings in the mill began in the flock division, investigators said.· It also spread to neighbouring Variety Cars, destroying a portable office building.· Even as late as 1956 a considerable earthquake destroyed half the buildings on the west coast of the island. ► city· They have destroyed the city on us and become rich on the pickings.· San Francisco was shaken by a severe earthquake which, together with the fire that followed, almost completely destroyed the city.· What is the point of having a bomb that could instantly destroy the city of Glasgow? ► enemy· It had the job of destroying the enemy headquarters.· His conclusion also was that our next operation must be an all-out effort to destroy the enemy carriers.· It is they who carry out the traditional infantry role of closing with and destroying the enemy.· Eyeless at Gaza, Samson struggled to regain the power to pull down the pillars that destroyed him and his enemies together.· You flew to destroy the enemy.· Always known as Wesley's Cottage it was destroyed by enemy action in May 1941.· Another project that the ministry has suddenly accelerated after two years of inaction is a new missile designed to destroy enemy radars. ► evidence· But as Ken Goodwin reports, his scheme to destroy the evidence didn't go according to plan.· The destroyed evidence was to be used in a separate case that occurred in San Francisco on July 11, 1984.· Gore then devised a plan to burn down the house, destroying any forensic evidence he might have left behind.· But will their loyalty and love lead them to perjury and destroying evidence that might incriminate him?· A stratagem I learnt early in my life was to hoard every emblem of success and destroy all evidence of failure.· He is due to face trial on charges relating to turtle trading and destroying the evidence.· The man's friend denies helping him destroy evidence.· Steven Paterson denies helping Bailey try to destroy evidence linking him to the crime and the trial is continuing. ► fire· The Dec. 11 fire that destroyed three major buildings in the mill began in the flock division, investigators said.· Demonstrations like this, graphically show how quickly fire can spread, destroying a room in just 4 minutes.· In 1698, a fire destroyed much of the palace and the royal residence shifted to St James's.· The cabin then burst into fire, destroying the entire aircraft.· A fire destroyed some parts of the western end, and then with more rebuilding it was converted into four dwellings.· After an arson fire destroyed one of the metal houses, the fire inspector withdrew his support for the project. ► forest· Acid rain poisons fish, destroys forests, and corrodes buildings.· Two were destroyed in forest fire work while the other three are firmly entrenched in museums.· Since then some 4 million hectares have been cut down and millions more have been destroyed by accidental forest fires.· But fears abound that the dams will actually increase floods or at least their effects, by destroying the protective surrounding forests.· This is one of the reasons we destroy the rain forests at our peril.· Now unscrupulous logging companies assisted by corrupt officials are destroying forests at the rate of 50 million acres a year.· Over the winter of 1997 / 98 huge fires had destroyed large tracts of forest in Borneo.· The institute will also look at ways of harvesting timber without destroying the forests. ► home· The Friday night slide destroyed three homes.· Thousands of Nuba were forced to flee as government soldiers scaled the mountains, destroying almost 2,500 homes and burning food stores.· They had hit her house, destroyed her home - hers and Gerry's.· The plaintiff was seriously and her husband fatally injured by an explosion of gas which also destroyed their home.· Fire destroys stately home Simon Trump A CENTURIES-old stately home packed with priceless antiques was wiped out by fire yesterday.· The advent of the spinning jenny did not at first destroy home employment in spinning. ► hope· Antony has turned the tables completely and has now completely destroyed all hopes of the conspirators ever establishing themselves in Rome.· In a few days, a few hours, war destroyed their hopes.· What if the fortune-teller was destroying her hope and joy with that strange, harsh voice.· Perhaps the ending is meant as a sad acknowledgment that people often destroy their own brightest hopes.· An opening round of 76 had destroyed his hopes of improving on his second place behind Ian Woosnam the previous year.· Second, we have seen off the threat of a world trade war which would have destroyed any hope of economic recovery.· It destroys hope for a better life.· A power vacuum would probably destroy his hopes for a smooth transition of authority. ► house· Floods destroyed 148 houses and swamped nearly 3,000 acres of crop land in the Bacau region.· It destroyed several tens of houses.· Immediately these men destroyed the houses that had been built on the land.· Had the makers of Junior Scientist included chemicals so deadly they might destroy a house?· You can no longer, for the sake of building a road, destroy houses without providing alternative accommodation.· The rocket destroyed the house and blew the cat's fur off.· The mob destroyed his house, library, laboratory and notes, but they took advantage of his well-stocked wine cellar.· As it was, when we eventually returned, we found everything had been destroyed - houses, crops, animals. ► life· This baby was not six months old yet ... he was going to destroy their family life.· They express their anger by destroying their own lives and thereby hurting others, while seeming to be wide-eyed and innocent.· These algae are very dangerous in large quantities and could eventually destroy all other life in the aquarium if not controlled.· It can destroy the health and lives of young people in particular.· But when time is destroying the present lives of your own children I do not believe that anyone should wait.· It is then that the Bad ` Un seeks to destroy all potential for life.· I would not stand by and watch the two of them destroy my life. ► system· Regulation has been introduced to prevent the logic of competition from destroying the system.· But middle-class flight destroys a school system because when middle-class parents flee, so does the power base.· One of its latest pledges is to destroy our A-level system.· By the late 1970s it became obvious that the petro-dollar surplus was not going to destroy the international monetary system.· Social history Social historians tend to support the view that industrialisation destroyed the apprenticeship system.· The brewers have decided to destroy the traditional tenancy system. VERB► threaten· She holds the adventurers at bay by holding the scroll over a candle flame and threatening to destroy it.· But occasionally a word, a definition an attitude looms like a weapon between us, threatening to destroy the conversation.· The broken tanker has leaked thousands of tonnes of crude oil and threatens to destroy the wildlife paradise of the Shetlands.· Getting ashore is tricky, with the sea threatening to destroy the boats on the boulders at the edge.· This production charts her struggle with, and ultimately victory over, the circumstances which threaten to destroy her.· Dalek firepower threatens to destroy the expeditionary force until the attackers hit on the idea of disabling the city's power generators. ► try· A machine like this employing a beam of radiation was used to try to destroy the tumours.· Thereafter the pols rejected Jack as unworthy, and tried to destroy him.· They were slowly trying to destroy him.· The whale uses the front of his head as a weapon by battering into the object it is trying to destroy.· Another investigation you can try is to destroy part of a web and then watch the spider repair it.· He has constantly tried to destroy the regulatory agencies.· I stood there trying to destroy my right hand.· Hermaphrodites are in a state of constant battle against rebellious organelle genes trying to destroy their male parts. WORD FAMILYnoundestroyerdestructionadjectiveindestructibledestructiveverbdestroyadverbdestructively 1to damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be used or repaired → destructioncompletely/totally destroy The school was completely destroyed by fire. companies that are polluting and destroying the environmentdestroy somebody’s confidence/hope/faith etc2if something destroys someone, it ruins their life completely: The scandal destroyed Simmons and ended his political career.3informal to defeat an opponent easily: The Bears destroyed the Detroit Lions 35–3.4to kill an animal, especially because it is ill or dangerous: One of the bulls had to be destroyed.COLLOCATIONSnounsdestroy the evidence (=deliberately destroy evidence of a crime)· They set light to the car to destroy the evidence.destroy the environment· Some of these companies are polluting and destroying the environment.destroy the world/planet· No one wants another war, which might destroy the world.destroy somebody’s career· She made one bad mistake and it destroyed her career.destroy somebody’s reputation· The scandal destroyed his reputation.destroy the character of something· New buildings have destroyed much of the character of the area.destroy somebody’s hopes· Losing the game destroyed the team’s hopes of reaching the semi-finals.destroy somebody’s confidence· When he failed his degree, it completely destroyed his confidence.adverbscompletely/totally destroy something· The plane was completely destroyed when it hit a mountain.partially destroy something· The Great Fire of 1666 partially destroyed the prison.phrasesbe destroyed by fire/a bomb/earthquake etc· The building was destroyed by fire in 2004.THESAURUSdestroy to damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be used or repaired: · The earthquake almost completely destroyed the city.· The twin towers were destroyed in a terrorist attack.devastate to damage a large area very badly and destroy many things in it: · Allied bombings in 1943 devastated the city.· The country’s economy has been devastated by years of fighting.demolish to completely destroy a building, either deliberately or by accident: · The original 15th century house was demolished in Victorian times.· The plane crashed into a suburb of Paris, demolishing several buildings.flatten to destroy a building or town by knocking it down, bombing it etc, so that nothing is left standing: · The town centre was flattened by a 500 lb bomb.wreck to deliberately damage something very badly, especially a room or building: · The toilets had been wrecked by vandals.· They just wrecked the place.trash informal to deliberately destroy a lot of the things in a room, house etc: · Apparently, he trashed his hotel room while on drugs.obliterate formal to destroy a place so completely that nothing remains: · The nuclear blast obliterated most of Hiroshima.reduce something to ruins/rubble/ashes to destroy a building or town completely: · The town was reduced to rubble in the First World War.ruin to spoil something completely, so that it cannot be used or enjoyed: · Fungus may ruin the crop.· The new houses will ruin the view. |
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