discipline1 noundiscipline2 verb
disciplinedis‧ci‧pline1 /ˈdɪsɪplɪn/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun 
WORD ORIGINdiscipline1
Origin:
1200-1300 Old French descepline, from Latin disciplina ‘teaching, learning’, from discipulus; ➔ DISCIPLEEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- Disciplines such as yoga improve mental and physical fitness.
- a new artificial intelligence project involving researchers from a wide range of disciplines
- Employees who joined the strike face discipline.
- History and economics only became separate academic disciplines in the 20th century.
- Many schools are lacking in discipline.
- The traditional academic disciplines are less popular among students, who now prefer subjects such as business studies.
- Windell's book gives parents advice on discipline.
- Differences between disciplines are not, of course, hard and fast even though, at times, they can become crucial.
- Each distinctive type should be subject to a rigorous set of explicit rules of discipline.
- He certainly doesn't have to submit to normal disciplines!
- Most of us were brought up to accept discipline, and to discipline ourselves.
- The lack of party discipline can lead to some extraordinary ticket splitting.
- To make more out of it may require a tremendous amount of creative work within the individual disciplines.
- Today such inferences about the origins of language can draw on a vast assemblage of data and hypotheses in neighbouring disciplines.
- Why not drop the discipline of mandatory celibacy?
Longman Language Activatora subject that you study at school or university
one of the things that you study at school or university, for example English, history, or mathematics: · English was my favourite subject at school.· What subjects are you studying?
American the main subject that you study at university: · "What was your major?" "Political Science".
one of the areas of knowledge such as history, chemistry, economics etc that is studied and taught at a university: · The traditional academic disciplines are less popular among students, who now prefer subjects such as business studies.· a new artificial intelligence project involving researchers from a wide range of disciplines
an area of knowledge that is studied by scientists or by people studying it at a very high level, for example in a university: · These fields boast among the highest professional wages in the nation.in the/his/her etc field: · Cole is the most noted expert in the field.· Webster is a great success in his chosen field.field of work/study/research etc: · What exactly is your field of study?
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYADJECTIVES/NOUN + discipline
A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players.
(=clear rules that people understand and must obey)· Without good discipline in a school, the standard of teaching suffers.
(=very firm and not always reasonable or kind)· Some parents complained about the school's strict discipline.
(=not enough clear and firm rules)· Problems tend to arise in families where there is poor discipline.
· a government report into how to improve school discipline
(=the kind of strict discipline imposed in the army)· I hated the army and the routine of military discipline.
verbs (also maintain discipline formal) (=make people obey the rules)· A good teacher knows how to maintain discipline.
(=make people obey the rules, especially by using punishment)· It is entirely for your own good that we enforce discipline.
phrases· The principal never tolerated a lack of discipline.
formal (=an act of not obeying the rules)· Being absent without permission was a breach of discipline.
discipline + NOUN (=a problem with the students' behaviour in a school)· Successful schools have fewer discipline problems.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES (=a subject that is studied at university)· the academic disciplines of linguistics, psychology and sociology
· You have to enforce classroom discipline or there is chaos.
· Exerting discipline is essential, especially when there are problem students in the class.
A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players. (=rules of behaviour which must be obeyed)· The head teacher insists upon strict discipline throughout the school.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE· Feminist scholars have shown how all academic disciplines have been dominated by a male view of the world.· My fascination with family stories is also shared by those in a variety of academic disciplines.· This is the academic discipline which is the intellectual concept of both theories and methods.· I made all kinds of friends. 1 learned academic discipline.· He must be able to place his subject both in the context of other academic disciplines and of society as a whole.· Sociological perspectives Earlier we stressed how sociology's development as an academic discipline has not been uniform all over the world.· Of all academic disciplines, philosophy lends itself least to television.· This principle is not the special prerogative of anthropology, and it transcends all the boundaries of traditional academic disciplines.
· The position and height of the surge are determined by the relative importance of recent and older literature in different disciplines.· Apted also differentiates browsing habits according to the different disciplines and points to its prominence for scholars in the humanities.· Physics and physical science students had a strong sense of the hierarchy of different disciplines.· Many different disciplines need to be aware of the particular needs of such patients and the implications of new findings.· His arguments are informed by a deep sense of history and draw on an array of different disciplines.· We have a lot to do in communications among ourselves and between the different disciplines and different complementary approaches.· But adolescence presents quite different problems regarding discipline.· Indeed, they were often regarded as a team, though exercised by different disciplines.
· This measure provided in part the financial discipline which was lacking in the budgets of earlier years.· He called for financial discipline and for strict expenditure control.· This led to the partial abandonment of physical controls and a move towards financial disciplines for the nationalised industries.· He campaigned for economic growth through direct government help to industry, financial discipline, individual rights and environmental protection.
· We do need to learn some more fiscal discipline in the United Kingdom.· The historical lack of fiscal discipline will not necessarily improve simply because the goal has been locked into the Constitution.· He went on to argue that the bill violated fiscal discipline and would have destroyed jobs and undermined small businesses.
· And were subject to military discipline, so they could be flogged.
· The new discipline thus has the capacity to lead the way to breakthroughs in the treatment of any number of degenerative diseases.· For Ada, putting down roots opens a new life of discipline and learning.· Another achievement was the new spirit and discipline of the side.· The relationship between the Report and the new discipline is, however, historically more complex than either of these viewpoints suggests.· The volume puts forward the case for a new discipline.· The City has been quite good at throwing off old habits, less good at mastering new disciplines.· The most spectacular is the creation of the whole new topic of research, the new discipline of computational linguistics.· All this gives it some importance in bringing the workforce to acceptance of the new work disciplines of the industrial revolution.
· The study of this aspect of language provides links with other disciplines such as sociology, social anthropology, psychology and philosophy.· Like many other disciplines, psychology is a gerontocracy.· Against such theories, Tredell sets those which emerge from other disciplines, and which have lately been more commanding and influential.· Literary theory, drawing on other disciplines, including semiotics and linguistics, seeks for underlying structures and meanings in literature.· For the guts of Papert's approach is to make geometry and other once-dusty disciplines concrete.· Their minds are somehow not right for it; in some other discipline they might have performed quite respectably.· Probably a case-study approach involving the application of science, and the interaction with other disciplines, would be needed.· However, philosophy is also closely related to many other disciplines.
· For all positions, qualification to degree level in Mathematics, Economics, Business Studies or a related discipline is essential.· Second, support can be drawn from related disciplines where psychodynamic methods enjoy considerable influence, e.g. psychiatry.· Candidates should have a degree in Landscape Architecture or a closely related discipline.· Applicants should have a good Honours degree in Management, Economics or related discipline and/or have professional qualifications.
· Recent historical studies stress the importance of scientific disciplines and research programmes.· Second, most scientific disciplines, including molecular biology and genetics are obliged to seek funding for research from industry.· These potential sources of emerging infections are diverse and cross the lines of various scientific disciplines and government agency responsibilities.
· The strictest discipline would be enforced.· Thus, while Storni still submits herself to a strict formal discipline, she continues to experiment with different metrical schemes.· Lucien had believed commitment to the Vibrancy involved a strict and pious discipline.· Denney created an atmosphere of strict discipline that was resented and bitterly contested by patients for years.· They evidently prefer strict discipline and central control to fair competition.· Daley was enrolled in the elementary school at the Nativity Church, under the strict discipline of the nuns.· It is a strict discipline upon which to build.· The rule of the Shoguns was feasible, of course, only under strict discipline and what amounted to a police state.
· Such a climate increases the likelihood that egalitarian feminist psychology will be incorporated into the traditional discipline.· The traditional museum disciplines of juxtaposition, analysis and interpretation were reduced to the minimum; experience was paramount.· This principle is not the special prerogative of anthropology, and it transcends all the boundaries of traditional academic disciplines.· The cure is a return to the traditional values of discipline in the home, school, and so on.· Most traditional style, discipline oriented lectures have been discontinued.· Such unconscious simplifications may be a condition for their continuing to work productively within the traditional discipline.· Both were escaping from an historicist notion of evolutionary development, traditional to their disciplines.· This makes it seem more feminist than egalitarian feminist psychology, and much further away from the traditional discipline.
· Jobs for the Boys? talked to women engineers in various disciplines.· Within each squadron and flight all the various disciplines worked together in small teams to get the job done.· The flows of information and the patterns of influence in and among the various disciplines are extremely complex.· At that time, the various disciplines remained separate.· The differences Weinrich-Haste found between students of various disciplines were political.· These potential sources of emerging infections are diverse and cross the lines of various scientific disciplines and government agency responsibilities.· Scholars from various disciplines have been working on these problems since the mid-1940s.· The university research covers fundamental and applied research in various disciplines and is heavily dependent on direct and indirect government funding.
NOUN· What if there is a discipline problem?· Schools of choice have lower dropout rates, fewer discipline problems, better student attitudes, and higher teacher satisfaction.· All the girls who were any sort of discipline problem and virtually all the older women ended up in the workroom.· The school Littky came to was plagued with discipline problems.· Thus, the overwhelming majority of work-inhibited students are not considered discipline problems.· Passive-aggressive children are rarely viewed as discipline problems by school authorities, since their hostility toward authority is so indirect.· It was also a period when discipline problems were appearing in the rear and were widely re-ported in the press.· Did they tend to be the students who caused discipline problems in the classroom?
· We must have enough self discipline not to repeat 1989.· Study Skills To help pupils study more effectively and encourage self discipline.
VERB· We have to accept the disciplines and the degree of awareness and honesty required.· The learner accepts its disciplines because the rigors produce learning which is useful, and therefore important, to the learner.· Most of us were brought up to accept discipline, and to discipline ourselves.
· It imposes useful discipline on the production of a functional diagram in two ways.· But his rebel government has imposed organization and discipline on the regions he controls.· They can only succeed by imposing long-run discipline upon capitalists.· It is supposed to save money and impose some market discipline on bureaucracy's natural tendency to swell.· Acquaintanceship imposes its own discipline and obligation.· These gold bugs think you want gold standards, because they impose discipline, but who can complain?· His response was to try and impose tough discipline and demand greater results at the same time.· Without moralising or imposing too rigid a discipline, they set some invaluable standards.
· I wish they'd just learn to take discipline or punishment.· I made all kinds of friends. 1 learned academic discipline.· The Army prepares you for life, it makes you grow up and learn discipline.· We do need to learn some more fiscal discipline in the United Kingdom.· The University is committed to encouraging the use of learning technology in all disciplines.· Love is an art to be learned and a discipline to be maintained.
· New emphasis will be placed on training teachers to maintain order and discipline in class.· Teachers are required to plan and prepare lessons, assess and keep records of pupils' progress, and maintain discipline.
· He owns to a Straussian abundance that needs Stravinskian discipline.· This beating comes straight from the Man, who made it clear you need some discipline.· They also change sergeants when a section is considered to need an improvement in discipline or work rate.· Pleasure, a rarity at any rate, only serves to weaken one; what one really needs is stamina and discipline.· To work efficiently this sort of room needs discipline, neatness and, above all, imagination.· We kids were sent to parochial school-kids without a father were thought to need discipline, you know.· The observer needs some discipline which ensures that he really does on the detail and separates the action into a coherent sequence.· We need the discipline of opening ourselves up to compassion.
· The study of this aspect of language provides links with other disciplines such as sociology, social anthropology, psychology and philosophy.· State law could not provide discipline because it met resistance from consciences.· All these indicate the kind of critique that is possible when we employ a perspective other than that provided by the immediate discipline.
· But the retention plan requires discipline on the part of producers.· Some alternatives, like the bus, require personal discipline to meet their schedule.· In effect, municipal efficiency in the production and delivery of services required the discipline of the marketplace.· Impeccable etiquette is required from everyone; discipline and good manners, have to be observed at all times.· Like Duncan, Horton had quickly rejected ballet as requiring too much discipline and technique.· In addition to courage the practice of ahi also requires faith together with discipline and humility.· Details can be obscured or distorted between eye and pen and correct note-taking requires a strong discipline.
WORD FAMILYnoundisciplinariandisciplineadjectivedisciplinarydisciplined ≠ undisciplinedverbdiscipline
1[uncountable] a way of training someone so that they learn to control their behaviour and obey rules: The book gives parents advice on discipline. serious discipline problems in the police force2[uncountable] the ability to control your own behaviour, so that you do what you are expected to do: Working from home requires a good deal of discipline. → self-discipline3[countable, uncountable] a way of training your mind or learning to control your behaviour: Martial arts teach respect, discipline, and cooperation.discipline for Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory.4[countable] an area of knowledge or teaching, especially one such as history, chemistry, mathematics etc that is studied at a universityCOLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + disciplinegood/strong/firm discipline (=clear rules that people understand and must obey)· Without good discipline in a school, the standard of teaching suffers.strict discipline (=very firm and not always reasonable or kind)· Some parents complained about the school's strict discipline.poor discipline (=not enough clear and firm rules)· Problems tend to arise in families where there is poor discipline.school discipline· a government report into how to improve school disciplinemilitary discipline (=the kind of strict discipline imposed in the army)· I hated the army and the routine of military discipline.verbskeep discipline (also maintain discipline formal) (=make people obey the rules)· A good teacher knows how to maintain discipline.enforce discipline (=make people obey the rules, especially by using punishment)· It is entirely for your own good that we enforce discipline.phrasesa lack of discipline· The principal never tolerated a lack of discipline.a breach of discipline formal (=an act of not obeying the rules)· Being absent without permission was a breach of discipline.discipline + NOUNa discipline problem (=a problem with the students' behaviour in a school)· Successful schools have fewer discipline problems.discipline1 noundiscipline2 verb
disciplinediscipline2 ●○○ verb [transitive] VERB TABLE
discipline
| Simple Form | ||
| Present | I, you, we, they | discipline |
| he, she, it | disciplines | |
| Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | disciplined |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have disciplined |
| he, she, it | has disciplined | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had disciplined |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will discipline |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have disciplined |
| Continuous Form | ||
| Present | I | am disciplining |
| he, she, it | is disciplining | |
| you, we, they | are disciplining | |
| Past | I, he, she, it | was disciplining |
| you, we, they | were disciplining | |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been disciplining |
| he, she, it | has been disciplining | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been disciplining |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be disciplining |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been disciplining |
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- Disciplining children takes patience and consistency.
- Anyone who is regularly late for work is likely to be disciplined or dismissed.
- Even when Morton and Collins started fighting on the field, neither player was disciplined.
- Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.
- Six workers were disciplined last year for not doing their jobs.
- Are we prepared to discipline ourselves to restrictions and regulations that we feel we ought to impose for our own good?
- Sparta disciplined the Phukians, but found herself in a trap.
- The international financial markets stand ready to discipline and expose fraudulent governments.
THESAURUS
to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong or broken the law: · Drug smugglers are severely punished.· She wanted to punish him for deceiving her.
to make someone pay money as a punishment: · The company was fined for safety violations.
if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time: · The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.
(also penalise British English) to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way: · New laws will penalize firms that continue to pollute the environment.
to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for: · Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.
informal to punish someone or criticize them severely: · The judge came down hard on Harris, saying that his crime was ‘inexcusable’.
to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do the same thing: · Athletics officials felt they had to make an example of him for using banned drugs.
informal to do something in order to show someone that they must not do something again, when they have behaved very badly: · I didn't want to hurt him - I just wanted teach him a lesson.· Maybe a night in jail will teach him a lesson.
informal to make someone wish they had never done something, by making them suffer: · We should make him pay for all the mischief he's caused!
Longman Language Activatorto punish someone to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong, for example by putting them in prison, or making them do something that they do not want to do: · She was suspended while the school decided how to punish her.punish somebody for (doing) something: · His parents punished him for disobedience.· The U.S. threatened to take away trading privileges as a way to punish the country for human rights violations.· Two instructors were punished for harassing female students.
to make someone pay money as a punishment: · Inspectors have the power to fine any passenger travelling without a ticket.be fined £10/$100 etc: · She was fined $300 for reckless driving.fine somebody for (doing) something: · One player was fined for fighting during the game.· The state fined the company for safety violations.
to send someone to prison for a particular period of time: · Because of the serious nature of the crime, the judge gave him 20 years.give sb 6 years/10 months etc for: · After a long trial she was given a life sentence for the bombings.
if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time: sentence somebody for something: · Brown will be sentenced for a series of sexual assaults.sentence somebody to 20 years/life imprisonment etc: · The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.sentence somebody to 20 years/life imprisonment etc for something: · Some countries will sentence you to seven or more years in prison for drug offences.sentence somebody to death: · 60 prisoners have been sentenced to death in political trials.
to punish someone because you want to make sure that they will not behave badly again: · I hope a night in the cells has taught you a lesson.· He was treating me badly, so I left - I just wanted to teach him a lesson.
informal to do something unpleasant to someone as a way of punishing them for something bad they have done to you or someone you know: · If I ever find out who did this, I'll make them pay!make sb pay for: · I wanted to make my father pay for his betrayal.· The prosecution asked jurors to make Mr. Sanderson pay for what he did.
also penalise British to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way: · New laws will penalize firms that continue to pollute the environment.· It is unfair that the whole class should be penalized because of the bad behaviour of a few students.penalize somebody for (doing) something: · A referee may penalise players for wasting time.· The House of Representatives voted to penalize him for ethics violations.
to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for: · Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.be disciplined: · Anyone who is regularly late for work is likely to be disciplined or dismissed.· Even when Morton and Collins started fighting on the field, neither player was disciplined.
intended as a punishment: punitive action/measure/sanctions etc: · Government forces immediately took punitive action against the rebels.· The sanctions were a punitive measure used to try to force South Africa to reject apartheid.punitive damages (=money that a person or company has to pay to someone they have harmed - used in legal contexts): · The company was ordered to pay punitive damages in a sex discrimination case.
: disciplinary action/measures/charges etc actions etc that are intended to punish someone for breaking a rule or law or to force them to obey rules: · The committee members promised that appropriate disciplinary measures would be taken against the offenders.· So far, not a single person has faced prosecution or disciplinary action over the case.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players.
(=a subject that is studied at university)· the academic disciplines of linguistics, psychology and sociology
· You have to enforce classroom discipline or there is chaos.
· Exerting discipline is essential, especially when there are problem students in the class.
A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players. (=rules of behaviour which must be obeyed)· The head teacher insists upon strict discipline throughout the school.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB· No one is more disciplined in adopting a defensible position.· Perhaps you are more organized and more disciplined than most of the entrepreneurs we have talked to.· All we need is a bit more discipline in marketing them to a consistent standard.· Had he been more disciplined, he might have continued to develop as a player and composer.
NOUN· Of course, not all parents would wish to dictate to the school how it should exercise discipline over their children.· Look for interactive care, she says, and ask how they discipline children.· Can universal day-care programs provide the specific love, motivation, and discipline that a particular child needs?· The question of how to discipline children has always been of central importance to the whole enterprise of bringing them up.· Glen Pitts, a sixth-grade teacher in Stockton, lamented the days when he was able to discipline children.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
- Are we prepared to discipline ourselves to restrictions and regulations that we feel we ought to impose for our own good?
- Can we discipline ourselves more in meetings?
- Every month discipline yourself to go through the file and identify at least ten external contacts to phone.
- Furthermore, it had no effective way to discipline itself on expenditures.
- He must discipline himself to rigorously avoid any form of activity, be this mental or physical.
- It shows why philosophy may penetrate so many disciplines and yet remain a distinct discipline itself.
- Most of us were brought up to accept discipline, and to discipline ourselves.
- The combined discipline itself becomes a new container.
WORD FAMILYnoundisciplinariandisciplineadjectivedisciplinarydisciplined ≠ undisciplinedverbdiscipline
1to punish someone in order to keep order and control: The officers were later disciplined.2to teach someone to obey rules and control their behaviour: Different cultures have different ways of disciplining their children.3discipline yourself (to do something) to control the way you work, how regularly you do something etc, because you know it is good for you: Try to discipline yourself to write every day.