英语词汇“prosecution”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

Maxwell could face prosecution for his role in the robbery.
Since January, three hate-crime prosecutions have gone to trial.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

A Braintree man was cleared of an affray charge yesterday when the prosecution offered no further evidence against him.
As a condition of his release, Nick's passport was withheld for 90 days, pending an appeal by the prosecution.
However, evidence submitted by the prosecution, appearing to support the defence claims, was admitted.
One of these is to improve prosecution and conviction rates.
The prosecution said it was a miracle she did not start an inferno.
The commissary general in charge of the prosecution, Firenzuola, apparently admitted that he did not consider the Copernican system unacceptable.

Longman Language Activatorsomeone who officially tries to prove that someone is guilty► the prosecution

the group of lawyers in a court of law who try to prove that the person accused of a crime is guilty: · The prosecution alleged that the men took part in a plot to kill the President.· McFarlane will appear as a witness for the prosecution.

► prosecutor

the lawyer who officially accuses someone of a crime or offence in a court of law and tries to prove that they are guilty: · The chief prosecutor told the court that Johnson was guilty of a horrible crime and asked for the maximum sentence.· A special prosecutor was appointed to deal with that particular case.

► District Attorney/D.A.

a government lawyer in the US who works with the police and in the courts on legal cases against people who have been charged with a crime: · the District Attorney's office· Richards was pictured on the front page, shaking the D.A.'s hand.

the people in the legal process► judge

the person in charge of a court, who knows a lot about the law and makes the official decision about what the punishment for a crime should be: · Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.· Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.· The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers.

► jury

a group of ordinary people, who listen to the people speaking at a trial, and then decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime: · The jury was made up of seven women and five men.· Have you ever been on a jury?· The jury awarded Hayes $3.5 million in damages.jury duty/service (=a period of time during which you must be ready to be part of a jury if necessary): · I have been called for jury duty twice.hung jury (=a jury that cannot make a decision about whether someone is guilty or not): · Broderick's first trial last year ended in a hung jury.sit on a jury (=be a member of a jury): · Are people with criminal records allowed to sit on a jury?

► lawyer

also attorney especially American someone who is trained in the law and who represents people in court: · You have to study for a long time to become a lawyer.· He refused to answer any questions until his lawyer came.defence lawyer British: defense laywer American (=a lawyer who tries to prove that a person is not guilty of a crime): · Defense lawyer Charles Grieshammer said he was not surprised by the verdict.

► defendant

the person in a trial who is being judged guilty or not guilty of a crime: · The defendant pleaded not guilty.· According to the defendant, the heroin was destined for the New York City area.

► the accused

someone who is trying to prove that they are not guilty of a crime that they are on trial for: · The accused is being held in the Pelham County Jail on charges of assault and battery.· According to the sixth amendment, the accused has the right to a fair and public trial.

► the defence

British /the defense American the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime: · The defence plans to call only one witness to testify.· Today, the defence makes its final presentation to the jury.· Peres said the defense team would appeal the sentencing by Judge Bernardo Tirado.

► the prosecution

the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is guilty of a crime: · The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers.· Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives.

► witness

someone who tells what they know about a crime in court: · Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.· The witness was asked to identify the defendant in the courtroom.call somebody as a witness: · The congressman was called as a witness for the prosecution today.

WORD SETS► Law

access, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYadjectives► (a) criminal prosecution

· Failure to hand over the documents could result in criminal prosecution.

► a private prosecution

· The victim's widow is considering a private prosecution.

► successful

· We do not yet have enough evidence for a successful prosecution.

verbs► bring a prosecution against somebody

(=prosecute them)· The police did not bring a prosecution against him.

► face prosecution

· The owners of a golf course are facing prosecution for blocking footpaths.

► escape/avoid prosecution

· He was lucky to escape prosecution.

phrases► be liable to/for prosecution

formal (=may be prosecuted)· Businesses which do not meet the standards required are liable for prosecution.

► immunity from prosecution

formal (=the state of being protected from prosecution)· He gave information to the police in return for immunity from prosecution.

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a prosecution lawyer

(=a lawyer who tries to prove in court that someone is guilty)· The prosecution lawyer asked his witness a question.

► a prosecution witness

· During the trial, over thirty prosecution witnesses were called.

► a witness for the prosecution/defence

· Witnesses for the prosecution have not sounded convincing.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► criminal

· And, apart from extradition, States were unwilling for the most part to contemplate co-operation in criminal prosecutions.· Under the new law, providers and online services are responsible for restricting indecent material or risking criminal prosecution.· The fact that a parent is at risk of criminal prosecution for an offence against the child will not justify exclusion.· However, there are no reported cases of a criminal prosecution for failure to report a case of child abuse or neglect.· Can you imagine a worse fate than being condemned to listen to the endless trivia that surround most criminal prosecutions?· Witness intimidation in cases involving gangs and drugs has been hampering many criminal prosecutions, the Justice Department report said.· Failure to hand them over could result in criminal prosecution, and scrutiny of the material in question.· They also could face criminal prosecution for perjury.

► federal

· Over the next three years, federal prosecutions of drug cases dropped 12 percent and drug interdiction spending fell 35 percent.

► liable

· Since nothing that Chirac allegedly did was against the law, he is not liable for prosecution over these supposed transactions.· This makes them liable to prosecution long after the wastes have left their premises.· Advertisers masquerading as private individuals will be liable to prosecution.· If you fail to provide a specimen you may be liable to prosecution.· He was advised that if he did use the vehicle he and his employers may be liable to prosecution.· A failure to fulfil this duty on the part of the innkeeper may render the innkeeper liable to criminal prosecution.

► private

· When police failed to prosecute Ferrier, Miss Brady threatened to bring a private prosecution.· Moreover, such a requirement would discourage prosecutions for the aggravated offence and would exclude private prosecutions.· The victim's widow is considering a private prosecution after Elliot was acquitted of murder.· What practical advice could the armed forces offer to some one who contemplated taking out a private prosecution?· This would, of course, have the consequence that private prosecutions would also be available.

► public

· Yet recorded crime fell by one-third despite increased willingness among the police and public to institute prosecutions.

► successful

· But there would be no successful prosecutions.· Prosecutorial review Prosecutorial review of police results tests the prospect of mounting a successful prosecution at the trial.· Even when successful prosecutions have been brought, the courts have been reluctant to impose little more than nominal sanctions on miscreants.· A successful prosecution would bankrupt it, leading to large-scale redundancies in an area of high unemployment.· A successful prosecution was concluded at the local magistrate's court on Monday morning.· Anthony Sawuniuk, 78, lost an appeal against his conviction for murder in the only successful war crimes prosecution in Britain.· Without proof of an undisclosed agreement, it is impossible for anyone to bring a successful prosecution.

NOUN► case

· For the prosecution case to stand, it will be necessary to prove that Lenny McLean struck the fatal blow.· The core of the prosecution case was composed of detailed confessions in which the three accused admitted participating in the rape.· The prosecution case was that the defendant had fired deliberately at Paulette.· While the prosecution case is being presented the decision as to what course to take in these circumstances remains with counsel.· The defence and prosecution cases are each made up of an introduction, testimonies of witnesses, and a summary.· The prosecution case, even if it was brought against those believed responsible, was very often fictional.· An admission on the part of the defendant would also help the prosecution case.· And they claim another woman in the room had drug charges against her dropped in return for supporting the prosecution case.

► costs

· Ferguson, who was more than twice over the legal limit, pleaded guilty and was ordered to pay £25 prosecution costs.· The magistrate gave Mr Smith a conditional discharge on each count, but he was ordered to pay prosecution costs of £1800.· In addition to the £2,000 fine, magistrates ordered Laleham Healthcare to pay £250 towards the prosecution costs.· He was ordered to pay £4,000 towards the prosecution costs of £9,977.· He was given three penalty points and ordered to pay £15 towards prosecution costs.· Magistrates fined James £100 and ordered him to pay £20 towards prosecution costs.

► crown

· But on the advice of the crown prosecution service no charges were brought.· The Crown prosecution service is considering a file on the incident.· The Crown prosecution service is not an investigating body.· Their preliminary report on this matter has been received and is under consideration by the Crown prosecution service.

► evidence

· According to the prosecution evidence, Joyce then punched the heckler in the face.

► service

► team

· Ito presided over the O. J. Simpson murder trial, and Hodgman was a member of the prosecution team.

► witness

· It was curious, Julia thought, to hear the chief prosecution witness speaking so forcefully in favour of the defendant.· The women testified as prosecution witnesses in the penalty phase of his murder trial.· During the trial, over thirty prosecution witnesses were called.· During the four-month trial, two prosecution witnesses were killed and two others wounded.· Now a further prosecution is pending after a local businessman agreed to act as a prosecution witness.· McCarthy has been a prosecution witness against Stedeford in Des Moines and at a pretrial hearing here against Langan.· There was evidentially speaking a head-on collision between the appellant and the principal prosecution witness.· At his trial, Christie was the chief prosecution witness.

VERB► allow

· He claimed that the Ministers who allowed the prosecution of three innocent businessmen to go ahead were only doing their duty.

► avoid

· As Chesterton was preaching to the converted there was no chance of this, so he avoided prosecution.

► bring

· When police failed to prosecute Ferrier, Miss Brady threatened to bring a private prosecution.· Few victims succeed in bringing effective prosecutions against their torturers.· I should bring a criminal prosecution against you.· This can lie done irrespective of whether it was the victim who brought the prosecution.· Without proof of an undisclosed agreement, it is impossible for anyone to bring a successful prosecution.

► call

· There have been cases where the Attorney has refused to act even after judges have called for prosecution.

► escape

· Voice over Tescos in Abingdon will escape prosecution.· A COP-A-GRAM who stripped in a busy railway station has escaped prosecution.

► face

· In extreme cases you could even face prosecution.· As a result, few people face prosecution.· A large number of works with low effluent quality do not face prosecution.· They also could face criminal prosecution for perjury.· Purchasers seeking clearance and other parties submitting information to the regulatory authorities face prosecution if they supply false or misleading information.· If a person is faced with prosecution, he is entitled to remain silent and to avoid cross-examination.· Sometimes ranchers are caught seven or eight times and never face criminal prosecution.

► grant

· He also announced that parliament would be asked to grant Sassou-Nguesso immunity from prosecution for his actions during his term of office.· Huang has refused to testify unless granted partial immunity from prosecution.· Another 30 people were granted immunity from prosecution.· Her immediate subordinate, James C. Smith, had been granted immunity from prosecution.

► lead

· Yet these have led to just 30 prosecutions and 13 convictions.· Currently only 9 per cent of frauds reported by online retailers to the police lead to a prosecution.· Contravention of some of the requirements can lead to prosecution in a court of summary jurisdiction.· Conducting investment business without authorisation could lead to criminal prosecution.· This could lead to prosecution of people who illicitly use passwords and codes to get access to forbidden parts of a system.· Breach of the requirements set out in the 1963 Act is a criminal offence and may lead to prosecution.

► pay

PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► the prosecution

McFarlane will appear as a witness for the prosecution.
Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives.
The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers.
The prosecution alleged that the men took part in a plot to kill the President.
The prosecution does not have a case against my client.

单词	prosecution
释义	prosecutionpros‧e‧cu‧tion /ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃən $ ˌprɑː-/ ●●○ W3 noun Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Maxwell could face prosecution for his role in the robbery. Since January, three hate-crime prosecutions have gone to trial. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A Braintree man was cleared of an affray charge yesterday when the prosecution offered no further evidence against him. As a condition of his release, Nick's passport was withheld for 90 days, pending an appeal by the prosecution. However, evidence submitted by the prosecution, appearing to support the defence claims, was admitted. One of these is to improve prosecution and conviction rates. The prosecution said it was a miracle she did not start an inferno. The commissary general in charge of the prosecution, Firenzuola, apparently admitted that he did not consider the Copernican system unacceptable. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorsomeone who officially tries to prove that someone is guilty► the prosecution the group of lawyers in a court of law who try to prove that the person accused of a crime is guilty: · The prosecution alleged that the men took part in a plot to kill the President.· McFarlane will appear as a witness for the prosecution. ► prosecutor the lawyer who officially accuses someone of a crime or offence in a court of law and tries to prove that they are guilty: · The chief prosecutor told the court that Johnson was guilty of a horrible crime and asked for the maximum sentence.· A special prosecutor was appointed to deal with that particular case. ► District Attorney/D.A. a government lawyer in the US who works with the police and in the courts on legal cases against people who have been charged with a crime: · the District Attorney's office· Richards was pictured on the front page, shaking the D.A.'s hand. the people in the legal process► judge the person in charge of a court, who knows a lot about the law and makes the official decision about what the punishment for a crime should be: · Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.· Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.· The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers. ► jury a group of ordinary people, who listen to the people speaking at a trial, and then decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime: · The jury was made up of seven women and five men.· Have you ever been on a jury?· The jury awarded Hayes $3.5 million in damages.jury duty/service (=a period of time during which you must be ready to be part of a jury if necessary): · I have been called for jury duty twice.hung jury (=a jury that cannot make a decision about whether someone is guilty or not): · Broderick's first trial last year ended in a hung jury.sit on a jury (=be a member of a jury): · Are people with criminal records allowed to sit on a jury? ► lawyer also attorney especially American someone who is trained in the law and who represents people in court: · You have to study for a long time to become a lawyer.· He refused to answer any questions until his lawyer came.defence lawyer British: defense laywer American (=a lawyer who tries to prove that a person is not guilty of a crime): · Defense lawyer Charles Grieshammer said he was not surprised by the verdict. ► defendant the person in a trial who is being judged guilty or not guilty of a crime: · The defendant pleaded not guilty.· According to the defendant, the heroin was destined for the New York City area. ► the accused someone who is trying to prove that they are not guilty of a crime that they are on trial for: · The accused is being held in the Pelham County Jail on charges of assault and battery.· According to the sixth amendment, the accused has the right to a fair and public trial. ► the defence British /the defense American the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime: · The defence plans to call only one witness to testify.· Today, the defence makes its final presentation to the jury.· Peres said the defense team would appeal the sentencing by Judge Bernardo Tirado. ► the prosecution the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is guilty of a crime: · The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers.· Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives. ► witness someone who tells what they know about a crime in court: · Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.· The witness was asked to identify the defendant in the courtroom.call somebody as a witness: · The congressman was called as a witness for the prosecution today. WORD SETS► Law access, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination, Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYadjectives► (a) criminal prosecution · Failure to hand over the documents could result in criminal prosecution. ► a private prosecution · The victim's widow is considering a private prosecution. ► successful · We do not yet have enough evidence for a successful prosecution. verbs► bring a prosecution against somebody (=prosecute them)· The police did not bring a prosecution against him. ► face prosecution · The owners of a golf course are facing prosecution for blocking footpaths. ► escape/avoid prosecution · He was lucky to escape prosecution. phrases► be liable to/for prosecution formal (=may be prosecuted)· Businesses which do not meet the standards required are liable for prosecution. ► immunity from prosecution formal (=the state of being protected from prosecution)· He gave information to the police in return for immunity from prosecution. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a prosecution lawyer (=a lawyer who tries to prove in court that someone is guilty)· The prosecution lawyer asked his witness a question. ► a prosecution witness · During the trial, over thirty prosecution witnesses were called. ► a witness for the prosecution/defence · Witnesses for the prosecution have not sounded convincing. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► criminal · And, apart from extradition, States were unwilling for the most part to contemplate co-operation in criminal prosecutions.· Under the new law, providers and online services are responsible for restricting indecent material or risking criminal prosecution.· The fact that a parent is at risk of criminal prosecution for an offence against the child will not justify exclusion.· However, there are no reported cases of a criminal prosecution for failure to report a case of child abuse or neglect.· Can you imagine a worse fate than being condemned to listen to the endless trivia that surround most criminal prosecutions?· Witness intimidation in cases involving gangs and drugs has been hampering many criminal prosecutions, the Justice Department report said.· Failure to hand them over could result in criminal prosecution, and scrutiny of the material in question.· They also could face criminal prosecution for perjury. ► federal · Over the next three years, federal prosecutions of drug cases dropped 12 percent and drug interdiction spending fell 35 percent. ► liable · Since nothing that Chirac allegedly did was against the law, he is not liable for prosecution over these supposed transactions.· This makes them liable to prosecution long after the wastes have left their premises.· Advertisers masquerading as private individuals will be liable to prosecution.· If you fail to provide a specimen you may be liable to prosecution.· He was advised that if he did use the vehicle he and his employers may be liable to prosecution.· A failure to fulfil this duty on the part of the innkeeper may render the innkeeper liable to criminal prosecution. ► private · When police failed to prosecute Ferrier, Miss Brady threatened to bring a private prosecution.· Moreover, such a requirement would discourage prosecutions for the aggravated offence and would exclude private prosecutions.· The victim's widow is considering a private prosecution after Elliot was acquitted of murder.· What practical advice could the armed forces offer to some one who contemplated taking out a private prosecution?· This would, of course, have the consequence that private prosecutions would also be available. ► public · Yet recorded crime fell by one-third despite increased willingness among the police and public to institute prosecutions. ► successful · But there would be no successful prosecutions.· Prosecutorial review Prosecutorial review of police results tests the prospect of mounting a successful prosecution at the trial.· Even when successful prosecutions have been brought, the courts have been reluctant to impose little more than nominal sanctions on miscreants.· A successful prosecution would bankrupt it, leading to large-scale redundancies in an area of high unemployment.· A successful prosecution was concluded at the local magistrate's court on Monday morning.· Anthony Sawuniuk, 78, lost an appeal against his conviction for murder in the only successful war crimes prosecution in Britain.· Without proof of an undisclosed agreement, it is impossible for anyone to bring a successful prosecution. NOUN► case · For the prosecution case to stand, it will be necessary to prove that Lenny McLean struck the fatal blow.· The core of the prosecution case was composed of detailed confessions in which the three accused admitted participating in the rape.· The prosecution case was that the defendant had fired deliberately at Paulette.· While the prosecution case is being presented the decision as to what course to take in these circumstances remains with counsel.· The defence and prosecution cases are each made up of an introduction, testimonies of witnesses, and a summary.· The prosecution case, even if it was brought against those believed responsible, was very often fictional.· An admission on the part of the defendant would also help the prosecution case.· And they claim another woman in the room had drug charges against her dropped in return for supporting the prosecution case. ► costs · Ferguson, who was more than twice over the legal limit, pleaded guilty and was ordered to pay £25 prosecution costs.· The magistrate gave Mr Smith a conditional discharge on each count, but he was ordered to pay prosecution costs of £1800.· In addition to the £2,000 fine, magistrates ordered Laleham Healthcare to pay £250 towards the prosecution costs.· He was ordered to pay £4,000 towards the prosecution costs of £9,977.· He was given three penalty points and ordered to pay £15 towards prosecution costs.· Magistrates fined James £100 and ordered him to pay £20 towards prosecution costs. ► crown · But on the advice of the crown prosecution service no charges were brought.· The Crown prosecution service is considering a file on the incident.· The Crown prosecution service is not an investigating body.· Their preliminary report on this matter has been received and is under consideration by the Crown prosecution service. ► evidence · According to the prosecution evidence, Joyce then punched the heckler in the face. ► service · But on the advice of the crown prosecution service no charges were brought.· The Crown prosecution service is considering a file on the incident.· The Crown prosecution service is not an investigating body.· Their preliminary report on this matter has been received and is under consideration by the Crown prosecution service. ► team · Ito presided over the O. J. Simpson murder trial, and Hodgman was a member of the prosecution team. ► witness · It was curious, Julia thought, to hear the chief prosecution witness speaking so forcefully in favour of the defendant.· The women testified as prosecution witnesses in the penalty phase of his murder trial.· During the trial, over thirty prosecution witnesses were called.· During the four-month trial, two prosecution witnesses were killed and two others wounded.· Now a further prosecution is pending after a local businessman agreed to act as a prosecution witness.· McCarthy has been a prosecution witness against Stedeford in Des Moines and at a pretrial hearing here against Langan.· There was evidentially speaking a head-on collision between the appellant and the principal prosecution witness.· At his trial, Christie was the chief prosecution witness. VERB► allow · He claimed that the Ministers who allowed the prosecution of three innocent businessmen to go ahead were only doing their duty. ► avoid · As Chesterton was preaching to the converted there was no chance of this, so he avoided prosecution. ► bring · When police failed to prosecute Ferrier, Miss Brady threatened to bring a private prosecution.· Few victims succeed in bringing effective prosecutions against their torturers.· I should bring a criminal prosecution against you.· This can lie done irrespective of whether it was the victim who brought the prosecution.· Without proof of an undisclosed agreement, it is impossible for anyone to bring a successful prosecution. ► call · There have been cases where the Attorney has refused to act even after judges have called for prosecution. ► escape · Voice over Tescos in Abingdon will escape prosecution.· A COP-A-GRAM who stripped in a busy railway station has escaped prosecution. ► face · In extreme cases you could even face prosecution.· As a result, few people face prosecution.· A large number of works with low effluent quality do not face prosecution.· They also could face criminal prosecution for perjury.· Purchasers seeking clearance and other parties submitting information to the regulatory authorities face prosecution if they supply false or misleading information.· If a person is faced with prosecution, he is entitled to remain silent and to avoid cross-examination.· Sometimes ranchers are caught seven or eight times and never face criminal prosecution. ► grant · He also announced that parliament would be asked to grant Sassou-Nguesso immunity from prosecution for his actions during his term of office.· Huang has refused to testify unless granted partial immunity from prosecution.· Another 30 people were granted immunity from prosecution.· Her immediate subordinate, James C. Smith, had been granted immunity from prosecution. ► lead · Yet these have led to just 30 prosecutions and 13 convictions.· Currently only 9 per cent of frauds reported by online retailers to the police lead to a prosecution.· Contravention of some of the requirements can lead to prosecution in a court of summary jurisdiction.· Conducting investment business without authorisation could lead to criminal prosecution.· This could lead to prosecution of people who illicitly use passwords and codes to get access to forbidden parts of a system.· Breach of the requirements set out in the 1963 Act is a criminal offence and may lead to prosecution. ► pay · Ferguson, who was more than twice over the legal limit, pleaded guilty and was ordered to pay £25 prosecution costs.· The magistrate gave Mr Smith a conditional discharge on each count, but he was ordered to pay prosecution costs of £1800.· In addition to the £2,000 fine, magistrates ordered Laleham Healthcare to pay £250 towards the prosecution costs.· He was ordered to pay £4,000 towards the prosecution costs of £9,977.· He was given three penalty points and ordered to pay £15 towards prosecution costs.· Magistrates fined James £100 and ordered him to pay £20 towards prosecution costs. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► the prosecution McFarlane will appear as a witness for the prosecution. Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives. The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers. The prosecution alleged that the men took part in a plot to kill the President. The prosecution does not have a case against my client. 1[countable, uncountable] when a charge is made against someone for a crime, or when someone is judged for a crime in a court of law: a criminal prosecutionprosecution for Walters could face prosecution for his role in the robbery.prosecution of the prosecution of war criminals The evidence is not sufficient to bring a prosecution against him.2the prosecution the lawyers who try to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime → defence: the chief witness for the prosecution3[uncountable] formal when you do something that is your job: the prosecution of her dutiesCOLLOCATIONSadjectives(a) criminal prosecution· Failure to hand over the documents could result in criminal prosecution.a private prosecution· The victim's widow is considering a private prosecution.successful· We do not yet have enough evidence for a successful prosecution.verbsbring a prosecution against somebody (=prosecute them)· The police did not bring a prosecution against him.face prosecution· The owners of a golf course are facing prosecution for blocking footpaths.escape/avoid prosecution· He was lucky to escape prosecution.phrasesbe liable to/for prosecution formal (=may be prosecuted)· Businesses which do not meet the standards required are liable for prosecution.immunity from prosecution formal (=the state of being protected from prosecution)· He gave information to the police in return for immunity from prosecution.
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