trial1 nountrial2 verb
trialtri‧al1 /ˈtraɪəl/ ●●● S3 W2 noun 
WORD ORIGINtrial
Origin:
1400-1500 Anglo-French trier; ➔ TRY1EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- A man from Seattle is on trial for the murder.
- A man was due to go on trial at Liverpool Crown Court later today accused of murdering his wife.
- Drake is in a federal prison in Houston, awaiting trial on charges of cocaine trafficking.
- On Tuesday, a judge rejected requests to televise the murder trial of Robert Caine.
- People in Russia are exhausted by the daily trials of living.
- Perelli faces trial later in the year on corruption and perjury charges.
- Probert is overseeing the trials of the new explosives.
- Results of the drug trial will be available soon.
- The trial is due to take place next month at Wood Green Crown Court.
- The drug is being evaluated in clinical trials.
- Until now, the drug was only available to people taking part in clinical trials.
- A federal trial court sided with Lockheed, and threw out the claim.
- At the brothers' first trial, in 1993, Oziel testified about the confessions for the prosecution.
- Bedworth's trial, expected to last three weeks, continues.
- Event-related potentials require many trials for the averaging procedure to work.
- He was sentenced to between five and 15 years after a trial which exposed the privileged lifestyle of rich New York youngsters.
- It makes extensive use of mock trials, simulations, and role-playing to reconstruct historical events.
- The organisation planned its first fibre field trials in 1974, and began them in 1977.
- What if William and the Watch went down together in some nautical disaster on the next trial?
Longman Language Activatorthe place where crimes or legal problems are judged
also courthouse especially American a building where legal cases are officially judged: · A group of photographers and reporters gathered outside the court.· the United States Supreme Courtappear in court/appear before a court: · Benton appeared in court yesterday on three charges of assault.go to court (=officially ask to have a legal problem dealt with in a law court): · She says she will go to court to try to prove that she was unfairly dismissed from her job.
a room where legal cases are officially judged: · A fight broke out in a London courtroom yesterday.packed courtroom (=full of people): · Roberts told a packed courtroom of the events that occurred on the night of the murder.
the parts of the legal process a legal process in a court, in which people try out find out whether or not someone is guilty of a crime: · The trial is due to take place next month at Wood Green Crown Court.be on trial (for something) (=to be judged in a court): · A man from Seattle is on trial for the murder.go on trial (=to begin being judged in a court): · A man was due to go on trial at Liverpool Crown Court later today accused of murdering his wife.awaiting trial (=to be waiting for your trial to start): · Drake is in a federal prison in Houston, awaiting trial on charges of cocaine trafficking.face trial (=wait for your trial to start): · Perelli faces trial later in the year on corruption and perjury charges.murder/rape/robbery etc trial: · On Tuesday, a judge rejected requests to televise the murder trial of Robert Caine.
a particular crime or legal problem that is judged in court: · They lost their case in the High Court and had to pay damages.murder/robbery/rape etc case: · Mathers called it the worst multiple murder case in the city's history.
an official statement made by the police, saying someone has done something illegal: criminal charges (=official statements saying that someone has done something illegal): · Criminal charges were filed in October against Sorvino by the District Attorney's office.file charges (against somebody) (=start a legal process against someone): · On Tuesday, the police officially filed charges against Jeffers.murder/burglary/rape etc charges: · San Francisco police have arrested a 39-year-old man on murder charges.
the information, objects, documents etc that are used in a court to help to prove what really happened in a legal case: · Prosecutors believe they have enough evidence to convict Smith.· The government's case was based on evidence gathered over a two-year investigation.· The evidence proves clearly and beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty.piece of evidence: · The most important piece of evidence, the murder weapon, has not been found.give evidence (=tell a court what you know about a crime): · His former girlfriend was called to give evidence.give evidence against somebody (=tell the court things that help to prove someone is guilty): · Husbands and wives cannot be forced to give evidence against each other.
the decision that a judge or jury makes about whether someone is guilty of a crime or not: guilty/not guilty verdict: · The jury's not guilty verdict was criticized all over the country.reach a verdict (=finally decide whether someone is guilty or not): · Jurors were unable to reach a verdict after deliberating two hours Friday afternoon.return/hand down a verdict (=officially say whether someone is guilty or not): · The judge will hand down a verdict in January, the newspaper reported.
the official punishment that someone is given by a judge when a court decides that they are guilty of a crime, especially a period of time in prison: a 7 year/6 month etc sentence (=when someone has to go to prison for 7 years, 6 months etc): · Neale is finishing a three-month sentence for petty theft.maximum/minimum sentence (=the longest or shortest time that someone can be sent to prison for a crime): · If convicted of the charges against him, Blackburn could receive a maximum sentence of 30 years.pass sentence (=officially say what a criminal's punishment will be): · Judge Evans will pass sentence on the three men tomorrow.life sentence (=when someone is sent to prison for a very long time or for the rest of their life): · Croy is currently serving a life sentence for the 1992 rape and murder of an Iowa woman.death sentence (=when the punishment is death): · Richardson was convicted of murder and given a death sentence.
the people in the legal process the person in charge of a court, who knows a lot about the law and makes the official decision about what the punishment for a crime should be: · Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.· Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.· The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers.
a group of ordinary people, who listen to the people speaking at a trial, and then decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime: · The jury was made up of seven women and five men.· Have you ever been on a jury?· The jury awarded Hayes $3.5 million in damages.jury duty/service (=a period of time during which you must be ready to be part of a jury if necessary): · I have been called for jury duty twice.hung jury (=a jury that cannot make a decision about whether someone is guilty or not): · Broderick's first trial last year ended in a hung jury.sit on a jury (=be a member of a jury): · Are people with criminal records allowed to sit on a jury?
also attorney especially American someone who is trained in the law and who represents people in court: · You have to study for a long time to become a lawyer.· He refused to answer any questions until his lawyer came.defence lawyer British: defense laywer American (=a lawyer who tries to prove that a person is not guilty of a crime): · Defense lawyer Charles Grieshammer said he was not surprised by the verdict.
the person in a trial who is being judged guilty or not guilty of a crime: · The defendant pleaded not guilty.· According to the defendant, the heroin was destined for the New York City area.
someone who is trying to prove that they are not guilty of a crime that they are on trial for: · The accused is being held in the Pelham County Jail on charges of assault and battery.· According to the sixth amendment, the accused has the right to a fair and public trial.
British /the defense American the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime: · The defence plans to call only one witness to testify.· Today, the defence makes its final presentation to the jury.· Peres said the defense team would appeal the sentencing by Judge Bernardo Tirado.
the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is guilty of a crime: · The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers.· Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives.
someone who tells what they know about a crime in court: · Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.· The witness was asked to identify the defendant in the courtroom.call somebody as a witness: · The congressman was called as a witness for the prosecution today.
to bring someone to court to be judged to officially say that someone has broken the law and bring them to a court of law to be judged: · Shoplifters will be prosecuted.· The Prime Minister pledged to do everything possible to prosecute those who carried out the bombing.prosecute somebody for something: · Baldwin was prosecuted in 1998 for distributing child pornography online.prosecute a case American: · Last year, Napolitano's office prosecuted 115 child abuse cases, the highest number in the nation.
to officially bring someone to a court of law to be judged: · A month after the murder, a man was arrested by police and put on trial.put sb on trial for: · The couple were put on trial for fraud and found guilty.
to be judged in a court of law · The suspect will be tried within the next few weeks.· Patterson is being tried for the murder of a 30-year-old Oakland hairdresser.be tried for · The two women are being tried for drug smuggling.
if someone is on trial , a court of law is trying to decide whether they are guilty or a crime or not: · Three men are now on trial after a series of terrorist attacks.· The accused was extradited to Miami earlier this year, and is currently on trial there.be on trial for: · Three men are on trial for illegally smuggling tropical birds into the country.
formal to be judged in a court of law: · The judge ruled that Pinochet was too ill to stand trial in Spain.stand trial for: · Brady stood trial for the killings late last year.stand trial on: · An employee of the bank is due to stand trial on embezzlement charges in February.
when a legal case is judged in court if a serious legal case comes to trial , it is judged in a court of law: · The case won't come to trial until next summer.· The British press is not permitted to comment on a case until it comes to trial.
if a legal case or a criminal comes or is brought before the court , they go to a court of law so it can be officially decided what further legal action should be taken: · He thinks his case will come before the court within the next few months.· The case was brought before the court by farmer Brad Morgan.
if a court case, a problem, or a complaint is heard , a judge or lawyer listens to it to decide what legal action should be taken: · Last year 2,047 cases were heard in the Hillbrow small claims court.· Yesterday counsel for both parties agreed the case should be heard on March 12.
someone who is accused of a crime in a trial especially British the person or group of people who are officially accused of a crime or offence in a court of law: · The witness told the court that she had never seen either of the accused before.· The judge asked the jury if they found the accused guilty or not guilty.· The accused, Dorothy Jackson, was being held in the Tarrant County Jail on a charge of assault.
someone who is officially accused of a crime or offence in a court of law: · The police officer said the defendant had resisted arrest.· Each of the three defendants was convicted of conspiracy to commit murder.
if someone is on trial , they have been accused of a serious crime in a court of law, and the court will judge whether they are guilty: · There were four defendants on trial, all sitting together in a line.be on trial for: · Hollins is on trial for corruption after admitting he accepted bribes.
British if someone is in the dock , they are in a court of law because they have been accused of a crime: · In the dock at Craigavon Crown Court was Richard Ellis (21) who denies the murder.
to have been accused of a crime and be judged in a court of law: · He's been up in court several times before on charges of robbery with violence.· Anyone who's been had up in court will find it more difficult to get a job afterwards, even if they are innocent.· We need to be very careful about how we play this - we don't want to end up in court.
a test on something to check it or find out about it a process that is used for finding out important information about something, for example whether a machine is working properly, whether a substance is safe, or whether someone has an illness: · a ban on nuclear teststest to determine/show/find etc: · Teachers can use the program to create tests to check children's progress.· A blood test can be done to determine who the baby's father is.carry out a test/do a test: · Doctors did several tests to find out what was wrong.test on: · We carry out safety tests on all our products.test for (=to find out if something exists): · There is a simple test for diabetes.eye/blood/skin etc test: · A blood test will show if you are a possible bone marrow donor.hearing/sight etc test: · Nine-month-old babies are given hearing tests by health visitors.
a scientific test to find out how something is affected when you do something to it: · In one experiment, the men were not allowed to sleep and then were tested on how well they were able to concentrate.· The elderly people were taught meditation in the 12-week experiment.do/carry out/perform an experiment: · They are doing experiments to learn more about the affects of alcohol on the brain.experiment on (=an experiment using something): · The Institute plans to conduct no further experiments on monkeys.
a test in which a new product, such as a drug, a weapon, or a vehicle, is used by a small number of people in order to find out if it is safe and effective: · Results of the drug trial will be available soon.trial of: · Probert is overseeing the trials of the new explosives.clinical trial (=a trial of a drug or treatment that is done carefully by doctors on humans): · Until now, the drug was only available to people taking part in clinical trials.
formal when something such as a process, system, substance etc is being examined, in order to see whether it exists, is safe, or is working properly: · The U.S. conducted atomic weapons testing in Nevada during the 1950s.· The aircraft is still in the early stages of testing and production.drug/genetic/AIDS etc testing: · Athletes will be subject to random drug testing.
an occasion when you test a new method or system to see if it works well: · The national railroad is doing a few trial runs to test new equipment.
a test in which a new idea or plan is used in a limited number of places or situations, in order to see if it is worth continuing or doing in a more general way: · The results of the pilot have been encouraging.pilot study/project/program etc: · The government sponsored a pilot project to find out how the education reforms would work in schools.
a process in which a new system or product is tested using different groups of people in order to see how effective and popular it will be: · Extensive piloting has shown us our study book will be a useful aid to students.
to try something to see if it is good to do or use something for a short time in order to find out if it is successful, if you enjoy it, or if it is suitable: · I tried aerobics once, but I didn't really enjoy it.· Have you tried those new barbecue-flavoured crisps?· His mother tried threats, bribery -- everything, but Danny still refused to go to school.· There was no answer at his workplace, so Mandy tried his home number.try doing something: · I think you should try planning your essays in rough before you start writing.
to use a new method, a new product, or that you have learned, in order to find out how good, how successful, or how suitable it is: try out something: · They sell paint in very small cans so you can try out the different colours at home.· Dietmar enjoyed trying out his English on American troops stationed in Berlin.try something out: · It was six months before she had a chance to try her songs out in front of a live audience.
to try using or doing something, although you are not sure if it will succeed or if it is suitable or good: · I'm not sure that writing to complain will do much good, but we can give it a try.· Why don't we give that new wine bar a try?
to try an activity to see if you enjoy it and if you would like to do it some more: · The hotel provides an excellent base from which visitors can sample the delights of scuba diving and waterskiing.
British informal to do something for the first time to see whether you can do it, whether you enjoy it etc: · She's never tried skiing before, but she's willing to have a go.· The competition's open to anyone, so why not have a bash?have a go/bash at doing something: · Most kids get the opportunity to have a bash at writing poetry when they're at school.have a go on something (=try using a machine): · Can I have a go on your computer?
to try an activity that is new to you and that interests you, especially something that you need to learn special skills for: · He first tried his hand at motor racing in 1963, but without much success.try your hand at doing something: · After she lost her job, she thought she'd try her hand at writing a novel.
to try something in order to see what it is like or what effect it has: · We're experimenting with a new filing system.· A new wave of rock bands experimented with different rhythms and beats.· A lot of fourteen and fifteen year olds experiment with drugs.
the process of trying a lot of different ways of doing something, in order to find out which one works best: by trial and error (=using trial and error): · We found out by trial and error which plants could survive the dry conditions.a process of trial and error: · We learn new skills through a process of trial and error.
WORD SETSaccess, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYverbs
His trial was adjourned until May. The drug has undergone extensive clinical trials (=tests to see if it is effective in treating people). A psychiatrist said McKibben was competent to stand trial. the right to a fair trial
(=be being judged in a court of law)· Her son is on trial charged with murder.
(=be judged in a court of law)· Doctors said he was unfit to stand trial.
· Taylor went on trial accused of fraud.
· Its managing director is awaiting trial on corruption charges.
· They should never have been put on trial, let alone convicted.
· The people who were responsible for this crime must be brought to trial.
(also be committed for trial British English)· Smith's lawyer battled to stop him being sent for trial in Britain.
· We believe the trial will be held sometime next month.
(=officially begins)· The trial opened 5 weeks ago.
(=it is officially stopped for several days, weeks, or months)· The trial was adjourned until November.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + trial· She was a witness in a murder trial.
· He is entitled to a fair trial.
(=for cases involving a crime)· In a criminal trial, guilt has to be proven beyond reasonable doubt.
(=for cases dealing with the private affairs of citizens, rather than cases involving a crime)· In civil trials, the jury's decision need not be unanimous.
phrases· If the case ever went to trial, he would probably lose.
nouns· The trial judge acquitted the accused on the charge of assault.
· He is regarded as one of the finest trial lawyers in the state.
· The evidence will be fully tested in the trial court.
· No trial date has been set because of procedural delays.
· His lawyers have said they will appeal the civil trial verdict.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES His trial was adjourned until May.· By the time her case went to trial, her story had changed.
The drug has undergone extensive clinical trials (=tests to see if it is effective in treating people). A psychiatrist said McKibben was competent to stand trial. (=stops dealing with it for a period of time)· The court adjourned the trial until June 21st.
· His year-long criminal trial ended in October.
the right to a fair trial (=a trial with a jury)· Defendants have a right to trial by jury.
(=a trial with a jury)· Should all accused people have a jury trial?
(=a court case against someone for libel)
(=a time in which you try something to see if it is good)· We could introduce the system for a trial period.
· He is undergoing tests for pneumonia.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE· The actor, director and playwright Steven Berkoff is to undergo a civil trial for rape.· The O. J. Simpson civil trial resumes Monday, and with it, the defense strategy of connect the dots.· Simpson, who did not testify in the criminal trial, spent several days on the witness stand in the civil trial.· And civil trials and criminal trials are very different in different ways.· Unlike during the criminal trial, the civil trial was based on three separate lawsuits.· Those in the courtroom said it was the first time Simpson has shown any emotion during the civil trial.· There was better lawyering in the civil trial.
· It was, however, a preliminary report, made before clinical trials had taken place.· The company will fund clinical trials necessary for the compounds to be shuttled through the federal drug approval process.· This will mostly be used in clinical trials, although some is expected to go to those with official medical approval.· The surgery is part of a clinical trial for the new heart.· The high cost of clinical trials and animal tests has forced Beecham to hold back products that looked promising in research.· All three studies examined a population which was quite different from that of the randomized clinical trials or the quasi-experimental studies.· Publication bias: the case for an international registry of clinical trials.· But no large, long-range clinical trials have been completed.
· We included data from all comparable randomised controlled trials, which enables smaller effects to be detected or excluded with confidence.· This was not a controlled trial but a retrospective assessment of the patients seen over the previous seven years.· Similarly, Miner, in a successful controlled biofeedback trial, encouraged patients to squeeze for at least 20 seconds.· The results of randomised controlled trials are less encouraging.· No one quite knows how it works, but controlled trials are consistently successful.· They base their recommendations on an analysis of 19 randomised controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of surgical interventions for glue ear.· It might be deemed unethical, however, to perform a controlled trial.· Results Table 1 shows the 20 controlled trials identified and gives details of the population and methods of these trials.
· A second misconception is the belief that law is solely about criminal trials.· Charges against Louima were later dropped, and he testified about his ordeal in three criminal trials.· Despite these dangers, the right to silence has already been removed in all criminal trials in Northern Ireland.· As for Simpson, the audience watching the verdict in the criminal trial was said to be the largest in history.· Simpson, who did not testify in the criminal trial, spent several days on the witness stand in the civil trial.· That statement contradicts testimony at his criminal trial.· But what his involvement in a criminal trial of political and business associates says to the electorate at large is another matter.· These investigators have routinely been allowed to testify at criminal trials as expert witnesses, offering what appeared to be scientific data.
· They also maintained that it would be impossible to hold fair trials so long after the alleged crimes had been committed.· What I did was win us a change of venue on grounds that a fair trial was impossible in Greene County.· Two unresolved issues fuel speculation that he might not receive a fair trial.· Tyson insists he did not receive a fair trial, but the courts say he did.· The police seem to be a law unto themselves sometimes, even if it does prejudice a fair trial.· Timothy McVeigh got a fair trial.· When the principle of free speech collides with the principle of fair trial, the former may have to give way.· Lee Thorn got what he deserved and what he was entitled to in our system -- a fair trial.
· Does the quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?· It should be the objective of a randomised trial to estimate the magnitude of an effect, not simply its presence.· They base their recommendations on an analysis of 19 randomised controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of surgical interventions for glue ear.· Unfortunately, none of the published randomised trials have shown that medical treatment improves fertility.· The optimal regimen is not clearly established and should be studied in a randomised trial.· A randomised controlled trial comparing prompted care with continuing hospital clinic care was undertaken.· The presumption of benefit bedevils much of the ethical thinking affecting proposed randomised trials.· Main outcome measures - Improvement in mean scores on Hamilton depression rating scale for 55 randomised controlled trials.
NOUN· Government ministers rely on the conclusions from the Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment prior to the field trials.· The organisation planned its first fibre field trials in 1974, and began them in 1977.· No proposed field trial has been rejected by the Committee.· Mainsborne, as the system is called, is being installed for field trials in 1000 houses in London and Milton Keynes.· The use of molecular markers will sharply reduce or even eliminate field trials.· The results of field trials with a live test are currently being evaluated and the Ministry refuses to comment on them.· Field trials to start Interruptible tariffs will soon be tested in two years of field trials costing about £1.5 million.
· A federal trial judge in New York adopted that stance in this case.· The comparative weight of the evidence is, however, peculiarly the function of the trial judge who has heard the witnesses.· The trial judge instructed the jury to ignore the concept of a lien.· The doctrine of precedent requires that trial judges follow decisions of the Court of Appeal and House of Lords.· Scrutton L.J., agreeing with the trial judge, Macnaghten J., thought there was no contract.· The trial judge held that the brewery, through their employee, Taffe, were the occupiers of the staircase.· The trial judge found this amounted to negligence.
· Some have already been mentioned; others relate to jury trial.· Yet our system could not work without judges to correct the miscarriages of justice that occasionally occur in a jury trial.· Most still linger in county jails, awaiting the outcome of appeals or seeking jury trials.· Her decision allows the 1991 suit to proceed to a jury trial.· Before we make any radical changes such as doing away with jury trials, should we not think very carefully indeed?· The worker has no right to a jury trial.· The Government is to reintroduce a bill curbing the right to jury trial, which has twice been thrown out by peers.· The right to a jury trial is under attack for three main reasons.
· Rush to find defence team after sudden arraignment Hit-squad informer faces murder trial.· News of a double murder trial filled the papers.· Then, for light relief, this page: murder and murder trials.· Not much is like the first day of a murder trial.· I must sleep before relating what happened at the murder trial.· Even when a jury found willful conduct, that decision did not follow a murder trial.· He was forced to abandon Wells's murder trial which began on Monday.· The women testified as prosecution witnesses in the penalty phase of his murder trial.
· The redundancy payments legislation allows employees a four-week trial period in which to make up their minds.· Children have been taken on by the Institute and given trial periods.· And they have warned they are only prepared to leave services as they are for a trial period.· These markets should be deregulated initially for a three-year trial period, said the review.· If you accept the offer of a new job on changed terms, a trial period comes into effect automatically.· Andrew and Wendy plan to work with drug addicts in Hong Kong and they will soon embark on a two-month trial period.· Agents are usually appointed for a trial period at first, with extensions to the contract after that.· Forty four patients with Crohn's disease were examined for eligibility during the trial period.
· In 1989 he confessed at a show trial to trafficking in gold and ivory, and was shot.· The subsequent crisis in the Soviet system, compounded by the Moscow show trials, exposed the dystopic methods of utopian Communism.· Others were executed after swift show trials.· The Party, you see, wanted a show trial.· The most notorious of the show trials was that of László Rajk in 1949.· After a brief show trial they were put in solitary confinement in appalling conditions until March this year.· Rapidly shaping up as today's main event are the Madchester show trials.· Has the Boesky show trials boom overplayed itself?
VERB· The case was adjourned for trial.· They must adjourn the matter for trial by a bench of three justices.· After he had been taken to hospital by ambulance the judge, Lord Morison, adjourned the trial until Monday.· The court adjourned the trial until June 21, ordering police to find videos of the conference.· The judge then adjourned the trial until March 6, to allow police time to trace Mekgwe.· Sheriff Andrew Bell adjourned the trial, which is expected to last for two to three weeks, until tomorrow.
· He was remanded to await trial at Reading Assizes.· Santacruz was awaiting trial for illicit enrichment, money laundering and drug trafficking.· He is awaiting trial in Luzira Prison, near the capital, Kampala.· Ted is incarcerated in California, awaiting trial on murder charges.· The crook was arrested recently, confessed, and awaits trial.· The judiciary is a farce: 80 % of prisoners are awaiting trial.· Its managing director, Enzo Papi, is awaiting trial on corruption charges.· Eighteen more defendants have been indicted in the conspiracy, including six who are in custody awaiting trial.
· The Shenzhen exchange had begun trial operations in May 1990.· Verio will begin beta trials of the new application service with customers by the end of 1999.· Its share price has shot up since it began trials ofa vaccine that may prevent or treat Alzheimer's.· The court, so far, has indicted 21 people, has 13 in custody and has begun one trial.
· Virtually none was informed of any charges against them or whether they would be brought to trial.· More than six hundred polling-place workers and precinct captains were brought to trial.· Dulé survived, however, to be brought to trial as a ringleader, to be an example to others.· An independent inquiry into the death of Ashley Kriel, and for his killers to be brought to trial.· After they trace her background in upstate New York, they bring her to trial for the deaths of her two sons.· The authorities promised early elections, and said the former president and others arrested would be brought to trial.· The question is: How much more will be discovered when Mauss is brought to trial?
· The defendants were committed for trial at Mold Crown Court.· Later, these too were taken away, and it could only commit for trial by a jury.· Read in studio A man charged with murdering his wife more than twenty years ago has been committed for trial.· Today at Cirencester magistrates court, John Gore, bearded with a long ponytail, was committed for trial at Crown court.· Read in studio A man accused of dumping poisonous waste in a brook has been committed for Crown Court trial.· Despite that conflict of evidence for the Crown, the case was committed for trial.
· Informal monitoring may be conducted throughout the trial together with discrete observation of staff behaviour about which notes may be written.· Ligand is also conducting phase three trials on Targretin for a form of lymphoma and is looking at it for other cancers.· One or two successes can be coincidence: it takes a properly conducted scientific trial to prove effectiveness.· We are conducting detailed trials on those farms.· Perhaps the practitioner conducting the trial should not be the patient's own doctor.· However, valiant attempts were made to conduct massive trials in which as much information as possible could be included.
· Since 1986 Gotti had faced three previous trials and had been acquitted on all charges.· He was due to face trial on federal fraud, racketeering and conspiracy counts later in 1992.· A magistrate will decide whether Pavarotti should face trial.· The former bodyguard to the Princess faces a second trial next month.· Caserta and Bohrman are among those facing a criminal trial this month on mail and wire fraud charges.
· They also maintained that it would be impossible to hold fair trials so long after the alleged crimes had been committed.· Dozens of Budanov's supporters stood outside the court building, some holding posters condemning the trial.· He was held without charge or trial for six months and then released.· By holding up the Harrison trial, Bradley could buy time for Maskelyne to produce proof positive supporting the lunar distance method.· A number of prisoners detained in connection with alleged drug trafficking had been held without trial since 1991.· Prisons were only used to hold a few people until trial.
· Jean, distraught with grief and remorse, was put on trial.· Conn insisted many times that Erik has tried to put his parents on trial.· In each case it is the woman and her conduct that the man's lawyers will try to put on trial.· He was put on trial with two other slaves.· A number of people had been put on trial, Mr Petkel said.· Of these, only four were actually put on trial by the army, and three were acquitted by military judges.· He had been put on trial in May 1991, in what was seen as an attempt to weaken the nationalist opposition.
· He will now be required to submit to medical examinations to determine whether he is fit to stand trial.· After psychiatric evaluations found that he was competent to stand trial, Harwood pleaded guilty July 16 to second-degree murder.· Worse, from their point of view, some of the top-flight agents arc wanted - so they can stand trial.· Raul Salinas, who has denied the charge, is standing trial in the Ruiz Massieu case.· He was committed to Teesside Crown Court to stand trial.· Three thousand years and more must have passed since the morning when Perseus stood on trial in that amphitheater.· Her 80-year-old husband, Harry, had been declared mentally unfit to stand trial.· This made standing less of a trial.
· Hydro has fitted the PatchSpray system to one of its Chafer sprayers, which is currently undergoing trials.· The actor, director and playwright Steven Berkoff is to undergo a civil trial for rape.· Developed by International over 18 months, Seacontrol has undergone extensive trials on ships around the world.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► trialsPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
1court [countable, uncountable] a legal process in which a judge and often a jury in a court of law examine information to decide whether someone is guilty of a crime: - They learned to farm the land through trial and error.
- Each individual achieves his own style by trial and error.
- He learned everything just by trial and error.
- I did the tutorial that came with the package deal and learned a lot through trial and error.
- In any case, they were confident these minor bugs could be worked out through trial and error.
- It pointed out that: Everything seems to be done by trial and error.
- Science progresses by trial and error.
- Some had to learn by trial and error.
- These are things we learn by trial and error.
- An employee of the bank is due to stand trial on embezzlement charges in February.
- Brady stood trial for the killings late last year.
- The judge ruled that Pinochet was too ill to stand trial in Spain.
- After psychiatric evaluations found that he was competent to stand trial, Harwood pleaded guilty July 16 to second-degree murder.
- Baya, for his part, said he was ready to stand trial, but then he left the country.
- Laurent Fabius, the former Prime Minister, and members of his Government finally stood trial this year.
- Major, who had a string of previous convictions, stood trial for the bookies' robbery.
- Salvi has been declared mentally competent to stand trial Feb. 5.
- The remaining three are to stand trial.
- Two drivers stand trial over deaths of five young people.
The trial is due to start next week.on trial (for something) Brady was on trial for assault. → show trial2test [countable, uncountable] a process of testing to find out whether something works effectively and is safe: a new drug that is undergoing clinical trials3try somebody/something [countable, uncountable] a short period during which you use or do something or employ someone to find out whether they are satisfactory for a particular purpose or jobon trial They let me have the computer on trial for thirty days. The security system will be reviewed after a three-month trial period. Smith was hired on a six-month trial basis.trial separation (=a period of time in which a husband and wife do not live together, to find out whether they want to stay married)4by/through trial and error if you do something by trial and error, you test many different methods of doing something in order to find the best: I learned most of what I know about gardening through trial and error.5difficulty [countable usually plural] something that is difficult to deal with, and that is worrying or annoying: the daily trials of living in a poor countrybe a trial (to/for somebody) My brothers and I were always a real trial to my parents. the trials and tribulations of running a business6sports trials [plural] British English a special sports competition in which people who want to be on a team are tested, so that the best can be chosen SYN tryout American Englishhorse/sheepdog trials (=a sporting competition in which horses or dogs compete)COLLOCATIONSverbsbe on trial (=be being judged in a court of law)· Her son is on trial charged with murder.stand/face trial (=be judged in a court of law)· Doctors said he was unfit to stand trial.go on trial· Taylor went on trial accused of fraud.be awaiting/facing trial· Its managing director is awaiting trial on corruption charges.put somebody on trial· They should never have been put on trial, let alone convicted.bring somebody to trial· The people who were responsible for this crime must be brought to trial.be sent for trial (also be committed for trial British English)· Smith's lawyer battled to stop him being sent for trial in Britain.a trial is held· We believe the trial will be held sometime next month.a trial opens (=officially begins)· The trial opened 5 weeks ago.a trial is adjourned (=it is officially stopped for several days, weeks, or months)· The trial was adjourned until November.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + triala murder/fraud etc trial· She was a witness in a murder trial.a fair trial· He is entitled to a fair trial.a criminal trial (=for cases involving a crime)· In a criminal trial, guilt has to be proven beyond reasonable doubt.a civil trial (=for cases dealing with the private affairs of citizens, rather than cases involving a crime)· In civil trials, the jury's decision need not be unanimous.phrasesa case goes/comes to trial· If the case ever went to trial, he would probably lose.nounsthe trial judge· The trial judge acquitted the accused on the charge of assault.the trial lawyer· He is regarded as one of the finest trial lawyers in the state.the trial court· The evidence will be fully tested in the trial court.a trial date· No trial date has been set because of procedural delays.the trial verdict· His lawyers have said they will appeal the civil trial verdict.trial1 nountrial2 verb
trialtrial2 verb (past tense and past participle trialled, present participle trialling) [transitive] British English VERB TABLE
trial (BrE)
| Simple Form | ||
| Present | I, you, we, they | trial (BrE) |
| he, she, it | trials (BrE) | |
| Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | trialled (BrE) |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have trialled (BrE) |
| he, she, it | has trialled (BrE) | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had trialled (BrE) |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will trial |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have trialled (BrE) |
| Continuous Form | ||
| Present | I | am trialling (BrE) |
| he, she, it | is trialling (BrE) | |
| you, we, they | are trialling (BrE) | |
| Past | I, he, she, it | was trialling (BrE) |
| you, we, they | were trialling (BrE) | |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been trialling (BrE) |
| he, she, it | has been trialling (BrE) | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been trialling (BrE) |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be trialling (BrE) |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been trialling (BrE) |
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES His trial was adjourned until May. The drug has undergone extensive clinical trials (=tests to see if it is effective in treating people). A psychiatrist said McKibben was competent to stand trial. the right to a fair trial
His trial was adjourned until May.· By the time her case went to trial, her story had changed.
The drug has undergone extensive clinical trials (=tests to see if it is effective in treating people). A psychiatrist said McKibben was competent to stand trial. (=stops dealing with it for a period of time)· The court adjourned the trial until June 21st.
· His year-long criminal trial ended in October.
the right to a fair trial (=a trial with a jury)· Defendants have a right to trial by jury.
(=a trial with a jury)· Should all accused people have a jury trial?
(=a court case against someone for libel)
(=a time in which you try something to see if it is good)· We could introduce the system for a trial period.
· He is undergoing tests for pneumonia.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
to thoroughly test something to see if it works correctly or is effective SYN try out: - An employee of the bank is due to stand trial on embezzlement charges in February.
- Brady stood trial for the killings late last year.
- The judge ruled that Pinochet was too ill to stand trial in Spain.
- After psychiatric evaluations found that he was competent to stand trial, Harwood pleaded guilty July 16 to second-degree murder.
- Baya, for his part, said he was ready to stand trial, but then he left the country.
- Laurent Fabius, the former Prime Minister, and members of his Government finally stood trial this year.
- Major, who had a string of previous convictions, stood trial for the bookies' robbery.
- Salvi has been declared mentally competent to stand trial Feb. 5.
- The remaining three are to stand trial.
- Two drivers stand trial over deaths of five young people.
These techniques were trialled by teachers in 300 schools.