英语词汇“ion”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

WORD ORIGINion

Origin:

1800-1900 Greek present participle of ienai ‘to go’

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

A commercial filtering medium now on the market combines activated carbon and an ion exchange resin.
Generally, one cupric ion complexes with four to six peptide linkages.
However, such secretions also contain important ions which are essential for the normal functioning of the body.
It only works in the direction in which it's throwing the ions.
That blast of sodium ions entering the neuron is the impulse starting.
The cliff top turf was bright with thrift and sea camp ion.
The result is an excluded volume behind the target atom into which no ions penetrate.
Typically, sodium ions are excluded and potassium ions are hoarded.

WORD SETS► Chemistry

acetate, nounacid, nounacidic, adjectiveacidify, verbactive, adjectiveadditive, nounagent, nounalchemy, nounalcohol, nounalkali, nounalkaline, adjectiveamalgam, nounantioxidant, noun-ate, suffixatomic number, nounbase, nounbauxite, nounbeaker, nounbenzene, nounbiochemistry, nounbitumen, nounbleach, nounbond, nounbonding, nouncalcify, verbcarbohydrate, nouncarbonate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarbonize, verbcatalyst, nouncaustic, adjectivechain reaction, nounchemical, nounchemical, adjectivechemical reaction, nounchemist, nounchemistry, nounchlorinate, verbcitric acid, nouncombustion, nounconcentration, nouncondense, verbcontaminant, nouncontaminate, verbcontaminated, adjectivecorrode, verbcorrosion, nouncorrosive, adjectivecrucible, nouncrystal, nouncrystallize, verbcyanide, nounDDT, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdegrade, verbderive, verbdetoxification, noundextrose, noundioxin, noundispersion, noundissolve, verbdistill, verbeffervesce, verbeffervescent, adjectiveelectrolysis, nounelectrolyte, nounelectroplate, verbemulsify, verbemulsion, nounenzyme, nounexpand, verbfatty acid, nounferment, verbferment, nounflashback, nounflask, nounformaldehyde, nounformula, nounfructose, nounfungicide, nounfuse, verbgas, noungaseous, adjectiveglucose, noungranular, adjectivegraphite, nounhallucinogen, nounhelium, nounherbicide, nounhydrate, nouninert, adjectiveinsoluble, adjectiveinsulin, nounion, nounionize, verblactic acid, nounlimescale, nounlitmus, nounlitmus paper, nounlitmus test, nounmethane, nounmixture, nounmolecule, nounneon, nounnerve gas, nounneutralize, verbneutron, nounnitric acid, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounorganic chemistry, nounosmosis, nounoxidize, verboxyacetylene, nounoxygenate, verbozone, nounpart, nounpectin, nounpesticide, nounpestle, nounpetrochemical, nounpH, nounphotosynthesis, nounplasma, nounpolyunsaturated, adjectivepotash, nounprecipitate, verbprecipitate, nounprecipitation, nounproduct, nounprussic acid, nounquicklime, nounradioactive, adjectiveradioactivity, nounradiology, nounreact, verbreaction, nounreactive, adjectivereagent, nounresidue, nounretort, nounriboflavin, nounsalt, nounsaltpetre, nounsaturate, verbsaturated, adjectivesaturation, nounsaturation point, nounsemiconductor, nounsoft, adjectivesolid, nounsolution, nounsolvent, nounstability, nounstabilizer, nounstable, adjectivestarch, nounsteam, nounsucrose, nounsulphate, nounsulphide, nounsulphur, nounsulphur dioxide, nounsulphuric acid, nounsulphurous, adjectivesurface tension, nounsuspension, nounsynthesize, verbsynthetic, adjectivetannin, nountartaric acid, nounTNT, noununstable, adjectivevalence, nounvitamin, nounvolatile, adjectivevulcanize, verbwater softener, nounwater-soluble, adjectivewater vapour, nounwetting agent, noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► negative

· It is charged with negative ions which generate a feeling of well-being.· But if the receptor lets in negative ions, the downstream neuron is made more resistant to firing.· But if positive and negative ions are separated and concentrated, a charge difference is developed-a difference measured in volts.· If negative ions predominate, nothing happens.· The cell is already negative and so adding more negative ions just pushes the cell farther in an electrically negative direction.

► positive

· Negative ions pass through a membrane containing positive ions more easily than through one that is neutral or negatively charged.· If the ion channel lets positive ions into the receiving neuron, the neuron is pushed toward firing.· Plasma consists of positive ions and unbound electrons.· When glutamate is released into a synapse, it docks at a receptor that lets positive ions rush in.· As the impulse passes any point on the fibre, the membrane allows a sudden thrust of positive sodium ions.· These channels let in a flood of even more positive ions, which obliterates the electrical charge at that spot.· The positive ions are accelerated to a narrow beam by the use of negative plates and a high voltage.· At low pressures, a plasma is established with a discharge of positive ions travelling towards the cathode.

NOUN► calcium

· As with Aplysia, a key player in this process appears to be calcium ions.· The mineral calcite is made up of carbonate sheets and intervening planes of calcium ions.

► channel

· This results in the neighbouring part of the axon also reaching this potential, thus causing its ion channel to open.· And the particular proteins now under scrutiny are the ion channels we met earlier.· For example, plasticity seems to depend on identifiable ion channels and catalytic molecules that activate or inhibit these channels.· Sometimes receptors are ion channels, and the docking trips the channel open.· The sodium is only able to pass into the membrane through sodium ion channels distributed along the axon.· If the ion channel lets positive ions into the receiving neuron, the neuron is pushed toward firing.· Here on the tongue, ion channels play a critical role in our sense of taste.· Drifting away from the quivering ion channel, you notice legions of ethanol mol-Figure 2.

► chloride

· What is important is that all the chlorine in the VOCs ends up as chloride ion rather than other potentially hazardous chlorinated compounds.· More recent evidence suggests that there is cotransport of sodium, potassium, and two chloride ions together at this site.· Burgmayer and Murray then used this membrane to separate two solutions containing negatively charged chloride ions.· Both sodium and chloride ions are in six-coordination.· At the same time the enterotoxin also promotes a net secretion of chloride ions into the gut lumen from the epithelial cells.· When there are no chloride ions left in the specimen to react, the end-point is reached.· The membrane starts off positively charged, and chloride ions can pass through easily.· Some of the excess chloride ions in the lumen are exchanged for bicarbonate ions at the surface of the epithelium.

► concentration

· The World Health Organisation recommends a sodium ion concentration of 90mmol/l.· This is a symbol expressing hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; it is a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity.· Acid output was calculated by multiplying the hydrogen ion concentration by the volume of the gastric aspirate.· Conversely, in acidemia, the extracellular hydrogen ion concentration increases.

► exchange

· The process produces a much smaller volume of chemically inert radioactive waste than conventional ion exchange techniques.· A commercial filtering medium now on the market combines activated carbon and an ion exchange resin.· The trade name Permutit was given to this patented ion exchange process, it being derived from the Latin verb to exchange.· Protein bound leucine Leucine was separated from other amino acids in the protein hydrolysate by preparative ion exchange chromatography.· An ion exchange process creates an aqueous slurry of platelets of molecular dimensions.· The chapter focus then switches to chromatographic modes, reversed phase, ion exchange and size exclusion being examined.· Check, recharge and/or change as required any ion exchange media that you may be using on a frequent and routine basis.· Having proposed suitable nomenclature for gas chromatography and ion exchange, the commission then developed a unified nomenclature for chromatography.

► hydrogen

· Proton concentrations for each sample were then calculated from the hydrogen ion activity and the combined sodium and potassium concentrations.· Treatment is aimed at decreasing hydrogen ion loss.· The principal body electrolytes are sodium, potassium and hydrogen ions.· Diuretics should be stopped, if possible, to decrease renal hydrogen ion loss.· Bennett and Williams suggest that the cells of opening or closing traps acidify their own walls by releasing hydrogen ions.· This is a symbol expressing hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; it is a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity.· The timing of active hydrogen ion secretion, however, remains unknown.· Hypocapnia causes fewer hydrogen ions to be available for secretion in the renal tubular cell.

► magnesium

· This displaces the calcium and magnesium ions from the resin and restores it to the sodium form.· Typically a magnesium ion diffuses into the channel and gets trapped, unable to go all the way through.

► metal

· The hydration enthalpies of some alkali metal ions and halide ions are shown in table 5.11.· Trace metal ions in the solution are thereby reduced and plated on to the anodic electrode.· Could metal ions be made to stick on to the outside of the fullerene football?· For this reason concentrations of potentially interfering metal ions approximating the serum levels are used in the standards.· High-temperature gas cleaning techniques remove the water and metal ions which are a natural constituent of silica glass, and attenuate light.· Distortions due to the formation of hydrogen bonds are usually smaller than those due to co-ordination to metal ions.· The nuclear industry produces waste streams which contain a variety of radioactive metal ions, the extraction of which minimises radioactive discharges.

► sodium

· Pancreatic juice for example contains a high concentration of sodium ions, and variable concentrations of chloride and bicarbonate ions.· Should the supply of sodium ions presented to the distal exchange sites decrease, potassium excretion decreases also.· As the impulse passes any point on the fibre, the membrane allows a sudden thrust of positive sodium ions.· Typically, sodium ions are excluded and potassium ions are hoarded.· Following this permeability change, the sodium ions are pumped out from the fibre so restoring the original state.· It allows sodium ions into the dendrite, which raises its voltage temporarily.· The World Health Organisation recommends a sodium ion concentration of 90mmol/l.· That blast of sodium ions entering the neuron is the impulse starting.

► transport

· Potential difference did not change during the observed effects in ion transport in our study.· The first changes of net water and ion transport were observed after the second or third hour after administration of cholera toxin.· Cell scientists don't yet know how natural systems control ion transport.

VERB► charge

· It is charged with negative ions which generate a feeling of well-being.· Sodium has a strong tendency to lose an electron and become the positively charged ion Na.· These fixed negative charges attract a layer of residual positively charged ions which are free to move within the water.· These positively charged ions are themselves highly hydrated.· Hence when a current is applied, the positively charged ions move toward the cathode carrying water molecules with them.· Some think the diet changes the rate at which electrically charged particles called ions cross the lipid membranes of nerve cells.

► use

· This is an accelerator constructed for nuclear structure research using heavy ions, and it can produce exotic nuclei.· Kilowatt-size ion drives do exist and some satellites use ion engines for manoeuvring purposes.

单词	ion
释义	ioni‧on /ˈaɪən $ ˈaɪən, ˈaɪɑːn/ noun [countable] technical Word Origin WORD ORIGINion Origin: 1800-1900 Greek present participle of ienai ‘to go’ Examples EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A commercial filtering medium now on the market combines activated carbon and an ion exchange resin. Generally, one cupric ion complexes with four to six peptide linkages. However, such secretions also contain important ions which are essential for the normal functioning of the body. It only works in the direction in which it's throwing the ions. That blast of sodium ions entering the neuron is the impulse starting. The cliff top turf was bright with thrift and sea camp ion. The result is an excluded volume behind the target atom into which no ions penetrate. Typically, sodium ions are excluded and potassium ions are hoarded. word sets WORD SETS► Chemistry acetate, nounacid, nounacidic, adjectiveacidify, verbactive, adjectiveadditive, nounagent, nounalchemy, nounalcohol, nounalkali, nounalkaline, adjectiveamalgam, nounantioxidant, noun-ate, suffixatomic number, nounbase, nounbauxite, nounbeaker, nounbenzene, nounbiochemistry, nounbitumen, nounbleach, nounbond, nounbonding, nouncalcify, verbcarbohydrate, nouncarbonate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarbonize, verbcatalyst, nouncaustic, adjectivechain reaction, nounchemical, nounchemical, adjectivechemical reaction, nounchemist, nounchemistry, nounchlorinate, verbcitric acid, nouncombustion, nounconcentration, nouncondense, verbcontaminant, nouncontaminate, verbcontaminated, adjectivecorrode, verbcorrosion, nouncorrosive, adjectivecrucible, nouncrystal, nouncrystallize, verbcyanide, nounDDT, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdegrade, verbderive, verbdetoxification, noundextrose, noundioxin, noundispersion, noundissolve, verbdistill, verbeffervesce, verbeffervescent, adjectiveelectrolysis, nounelectrolyte, nounelectroplate, verbemulsify, verbemulsion, nounenzyme, nounexpand, verbfatty acid, nounferment, verbferment, nounflashback, nounflask, nounformaldehyde, nounformula, nounfructose, nounfungicide, nounfuse, verbgas, noungaseous, adjectiveglucose, noungranular, adjectivegraphite, nounhallucinogen, nounhelium, nounherbicide, nounhydrate, nouninert, adjectiveinsoluble, adjectiveinsulin, nounion, nounionize, verblactic acid, nounlimescale, nounlitmus, nounlitmus paper, nounlitmus test, nounmethane, nounmixture, nounmolecule, nounneon, nounnerve gas, nounneutralize, verbneutron, nounnitric acid, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounorganic chemistry, nounosmosis, nounoxidize, verboxyacetylene, nounoxygenate, verbozone, nounpart, nounpectin, nounpesticide, nounpestle, nounpetrochemical, nounpH, nounphotosynthesis, nounplasma, nounpolyunsaturated, adjectivepotash, nounprecipitate, verbprecipitate, nounprecipitation, nounproduct, nounprussic acid, nounquicklime, nounradioactive, adjectiveradioactivity, nounradiology, nounreact, verbreaction, nounreactive, adjectivereagent, nounresidue, nounretort, nounriboflavin, nounsalt, nounsaltpetre, nounsaturate, verbsaturated, adjectivesaturation, nounsaturation point, nounsemiconductor, nounsoft, adjectivesolid, nounsolution, nounsolvent, nounstability, nounstabilizer, nounstable, adjectivestarch, nounsteam, nounsucrose, nounsulphate, nounsulphide, nounsulphur, nounsulphur dioxide, nounsulphuric acid, nounsulphurous, adjectivesurface tension, nounsuspension, nounsynthesize, verbsynthetic, adjectivetannin, nountartaric acid, nounTNT, noununstable, adjectivevalence, nounvitamin, nounvolatile, adjectivevulcanize, verbwater softener, nounwater-soluble, adjectivewater vapour, nounwetting agent, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► negative · It is charged with negative ions which generate a feeling of well-being.· But if the receptor lets in negative ions, the downstream neuron is made more resistant to firing.· But if positive and negative ions are separated and concentrated, a charge difference is developed-a difference measured in volts.· If negative ions predominate, nothing happens.· The cell is already negative and so adding more negative ions just pushes the cell farther in an electrically negative direction. ► positive · Negative ions pass through a membrane containing positive ions more easily than through one that is neutral or negatively charged.· If the ion channel lets positive ions into the receiving neuron, the neuron is pushed toward firing.· Plasma consists of positive ions and unbound electrons.· When glutamate is released into a synapse, it docks at a receptor that lets positive ions rush in.· As the impulse passes any point on the fibre, the membrane allows a sudden thrust of positive sodium ions.· These channels let in a flood of even more positive ions, which obliterates the electrical charge at that spot.· The positive ions are accelerated to a narrow beam by the use of negative plates and a high voltage.· At low pressures, a plasma is established with a discharge of positive ions travelling towards the cathode. NOUN► calcium · As with Aplysia, a key player in this process appears to be calcium ions.· The mineral calcite is made up of carbonate sheets and intervening planes of calcium ions. ► channel · This results in the neighbouring part of the axon also reaching this potential, thus causing its ion channel to open.· And the particular proteins now under scrutiny are the ion channels we met earlier.· For example, plasticity seems to depend on identifiable ion channels and catalytic molecules that activate or inhibit these channels.· Sometimes receptors are ion channels, and the docking trips the channel open.· The sodium is only able to pass into the membrane through sodium ion channels distributed along the axon.· If the ion channel lets positive ions into the receiving neuron, the neuron is pushed toward firing.· Here on the tongue, ion channels play a critical role in our sense of taste.· Drifting away from the quivering ion channel, you notice legions of ethanol mol-Figure 2. ► chloride · What is important is that all the chlorine in the VOCs ends up as chloride ion rather than other potentially hazardous chlorinated compounds.· More recent evidence suggests that there is cotransport of sodium, potassium, and two chloride ions together at this site.· Burgmayer and Murray then used this membrane to separate two solutions containing negatively charged chloride ions.· Both sodium and chloride ions are in six-coordination.· At the same time the enterotoxin also promotes a net secretion of chloride ions into the gut lumen from the epithelial cells.· When there are no chloride ions left in the specimen to react, the end-point is reached.· The membrane starts off positively charged, and chloride ions can pass through easily.· Some of the excess chloride ions in the lumen are exchanged for bicarbonate ions at the surface of the epithelium. ► concentration · The World Health Organisation recommends a sodium ion concentration of 90mmol/l.· This is a symbol expressing hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; it is a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity.· Acid output was calculated by multiplying the hydrogen ion concentration by the volume of the gastric aspirate.· Conversely, in acidemia, the extracellular hydrogen ion concentration increases. ► exchange · The process produces a much smaller volume of chemically inert radioactive waste than conventional ion exchange techniques.· A commercial filtering medium now on the market combines activated carbon and an ion exchange resin.· The trade name Permutit was given to this patented ion exchange process, it being derived from the Latin verb to exchange.· Protein bound leucine Leucine was separated from other amino acids in the protein hydrolysate by preparative ion exchange chromatography.· An ion exchange process creates an aqueous slurry of platelets of molecular dimensions.· The chapter focus then switches to chromatographic modes, reversed phase, ion exchange and size exclusion being examined.· Check, recharge and/or change as required any ion exchange media that you may be using on a frequent and routine basis.· Having proposed suitable nomenclature for gas chromatography and ion exchange, the commission then developed a unified nomenclature for chromatography. ► hydrogen · Proton concentrations for each sample were then calculated from the hydrogen ion activity and the combined sodium and potassium concentrations.· Treatment is aimed at decreasing hydrogen ion loss.· The principal body electrolytes are sodium, potassium and hydrogen ions.· Diuretics should be stopped, if possible, to decrease renal hydrogen ion loss.· Bennett and Williams suggest that the cells of opening or closing traps acidify their own walls by releasing hydrogen ions.· This is a symbol expressing hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; it is a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity.· The timing of active hydrogen ion secretion, however, remains unknown.· Hypocapnia causes fewer hydrogen ions to be available for secretion in the renal tubular cell. ► magnesium · This displaces the calcium and magnesium ions from the resin and restores it to the sodium form.· Typically a magnesium ion diffuses into the channel and gets trapped, unable to go all the way through. ► metal · The hydration enthalpies of some alkali metal ions and halide ions are shown in table 5.11.· Trace metal ions in the solution are thereby reduced and plated on to the anodic electrode.· Could metal ions be made to stick on to the outside of the fullerene football?· For this reason concentrations of potentially interfering metal ions approximating the serum levels are used in the standards.· High-temperature gas cleaning techniques remove the water and metal ions which are a natural constituent of silica glass, and attenuate light.· Distortions due to the formation of hydrogen bonds are usually smaller than those due to co-ordination to metal ions.· The nuclear industry produces waste streams which contain a variety of radioactive metal ions, the extraction of which minimises radioactive discharges. ► sodium · Pancreatic juice for example contains a high concentration of sodium ions, and variable concentrations of chloride and bicarbonate ions.· Should the supply of sodium ions presented to the distal exchange sites decrease, potassium excretion decreases also.· As the impulse passes any point on the fibre, the membrane allows a sudden thrust of positive sodium ions.· Typically, sodium ions are excluded and potassium ions are hoarded.· Following this permeability change, the sodium ions are pumped out from the fibre so restoring the original state.· It allows sodium ions into the dendrite, which raises its voltage temporarily.· The World Health Organisation recommends a sodium ion concentration of 90mmol/l.· That blast of sodium ions entering the neuron is the impulse starting. ► transport · Potential difference did not change during the observed effects in ion transport in our study.· The first changes of net water and ion transport were observed after the second or third hour after administration of cholera toxin.· Cell scientists don't yet know how natural systems control ion transport. VERB► charge · It is charged with negative ions which generate a feeling of well-being.· Sodium has a strong tendency to lose an electron and become the positively charged ion Na.· These fixed negative charges attract a layer of residual positively charged ions which are free to move within the water.· These positively charged ions are themselves highly hydrated.· Hence when a current is applied, the positively charged ions move toward the cathode carrying water molecules with them.· Some think the diet changes the rate at which electrically charged particles called ions cross the lipid membranes of nerve cells. ► use · This is an accelerator constructed for nuclear structure research using heavy ions, and it can produce exotic nuclei.· Kilowatt-size ion drives do exist and some satellites use ion engines for manoeuvring purposes. an atom which has been given a positive or negative force by adding or taking away an electron → proton
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