judge1 nounjudge2 verb
judgejudge1 /dʒʌdʒ/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countable] 
WORD ORIGINjudge1
Origin:
1100-1200 Old French juge, from Latin judexEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.
- Judge Pamela Gifford
- a judge's controversial decision
- Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.
- The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers.
- There are normally three judges for the national essay competition.
- A New York judge awarded custody of the boy to Leo in 1994 and allowed Heard to see him every other weekend.
- All that will be considered by the judge and the Lord Chief Justice in making their recommendations.
- But in an entire career, I never knew a judge who I believed was bribed by raw money.
- Secondly, that any delay which did occur was reasonable and, as indeed the judge himself found, justifiable.
- The court cases discussed indicate how judges have been resolving conflicts on these issues.
- The other judges, both charisma-free, were handpicked to make him shine.
- When it was over, the judges signed a certificate saying that they believed Harrison had indeed told them everything he knew.
THESAURUSIn a court
the person who is on trial for a crime
British English, the defense American English the lawyers who are working for the defendant
the lawyers who are trying to prove that the defendant is guilty
the official in charge of a court who decides how criminals should be punished
a group of people, usually 12 people, who listen to the facts and decide whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty
someone who describes in a court of law what he or she knows about a crime
a formal statement made in a court of law about a particular situation or action
the decision of the jury as to whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty
someone who makes sure that the rules of a sport are obeyed in soccer, American football, rugby, ice hockey, basketball, boxing, or wrestling: · a football referee· The referee blew his whistle to stop the game.
someone who makes sure that the rules are obeyed in baseball, cricket, tennis, or hockey: · He was given several warnings by the umpire.· a tennis umpire
someone who decides the result of a competition or sporting contest: · There will be only one winner and the judges’ decision is final.· A panel of judges will evaluate the dancers' performance.
someone who officially decides how an argument between two opposing sides should be settled: · They insisted that an independent arbitrator must settle the dispute.
Longman Language Activatorto decide how good, bad etc someone or something is to form an opinion about a person or situation, using your knowledge, experience, and intelligence: · The changes should be judged by their results.judge when/whether/what etc: · How do you judge when a house needs a new roof?· 2,000 foreign and local monitors were watching to judge whether the elections were free and fair.judge somebody/something to be something: · Women judged to be at high risk for breast cancer should be examined every year.judging from/by something (=when you form an opinion based on a particular fact): · Judging from Monday night's game, the team still has a lot of work to do.judge (that): · Some students may judge that the benefits they receive from further education are less than the costs of that education.judge it wise/proper/dangerous etc to do something formal: · Dwight judged it dangerous to navigate in darkness in these waters.
to consider someone's work, ideas, or products, or to consider a situation or event, in order to judge how good they are, what standard they have reached, or how useful they might be to you: · This test provides an excellent way of assessing students' progress.· He has written a guidebook that assesses the quality of Californian hotels.· The booklet aims to help parents assess recent educational changes.assess how/whether/what etc: · The committee will continue to assess how we can improve.
to carefully consider how useful or valuable an activity, plan, or suggestion is, especially in order to decide whether or not to start doing it or continue doing it: · There was not enough time to evaluate the information before the meeting.· The new drug is being evaluated in clinical trials.· The police force should not evaluate officers' performance in terms of the number of arrests they make.
an article, book, speech etc that carefully examines a subject and says what is good or bad about it: · The speech was a devastating critique of Reagan's economic policy.· Marx's critique of capitalism in the 19th century
to decide who is the winner in a game, competition etc · Dillon and two other writers judged the poetry contest.· Pupils were judged in two categories: age 6 to 8, and age 9 to 12.· The annual flower show was judged by a TV celebrity and a professional horticulturist.be judged the best/the winner etc · A photograph of a stormy beach was judged "best in show" by the panel.
someone whose job is to judge a game, competition etc: · There are normally three judges for the national essay competition.
also ref informal someone whose job is to judge a sports game and make sure that the players obey the rules - for example in football: · The referee should never have allowed the first goal.· One of the players was sent off for arguing with the referee.
someone whose job is to judge a sports game and make sure that the players obey the rules - for example in football and tennis: · I thought he was out, but the umpire called him safe.· Mack was thrown out of the game for hitting an umpire.
to decide whether someone is wrong to do something to decide whether someone is wrong to do something - use this when you think someone has no right to do this: · What right does she have to judge me?· Don't judge other people unless you want to be judged yourself.· She should do what seems right to her. It isn't for me to judge.
also judgement British to judge something or someone in a negative and often unreasonable way: · He refused to pass judgement until all the evidence was presented.pass judgment upon/on: · Society badly needs to learn not to pass judgment on people because of their background.
British to judge whether someone's behaviour is good or bad - use this especially when you think someone should not be doing this: · I don't care how annoyed she is - she's got no absolutely no right to sit in judgement.sit in judgement on/upon/over: · It seems wrong that 12 white men could sit in judgment on one black woman.
British /judgmental American too ready to judge and criticize other people: · I try not to be judgmental, but if I think someone's being stupid, I'll say so.· The parenting class is run in an open, non-judgmental manner that lets people speak freely.judgemental about: · The public is often judgmental about people's sexuality.
to decide who is right in a quarrel formal if someone, especially a lawyer, adjudicates , they officially form a judgement about who is legally right in an argument or disagreement: · The World Court adjudicates boundary disputes and commercial claims.
to officially judge how an argument between two opposing groups or organizations can be settled: · As president of the European Council he arbitrated in an argument over cereal prices.· Most brokerage firms require customers to arbitrate disputes rather than file lawsuits.arbitrate between: · A local magistrate has been asked to arbitrate between farmers and conservationist groups.
the process of judging officially who is right in an argument or disagreement, by someone who has been chosen by the opposing groups: · The case has been submitted for international arbitration.go to arbitration (=ask someone to arbitrate): · Both parties agreed to go to arbitration in order to avoid more strikes by the workers.
to write your opinion of a new film, book etc to write an article in a newspaper or magazine judging how good or bad a film, play, television programme, or book is: · Doig's new book is reviewed on page 4.· As well as being an author, she reviews books for the Sunday papers.· Eliot wrote to him after he reviewed "The Use of Poetry."
an article in a newspaper or magazine that judges a book, television programme, film etc: · Our first English assignment was to write a book review.· The movie got good reviews.review of: · Wilberforce had just written a long review of Darwin's book.
informal an article in a newspaper or magazine, that says how good or bad a new film, book, product etc is: · Did you see Martin Amis' write-up of the book in the Observer?· After a write-up in Yankee magazine, orders started pouring in.· The film didn't get a very good write-up in Time Out.
someone who writes in newspapers or magazines or on television or radio, giving their judgement about books, films etc: · I didn't think the book was as bad as the critics said it was.theatre/film/art etc critic: · For five years she was theater critic for the New Yorker.· Film critic Roger Ebert has a new partner for his movie-review television program.
someone's ability to judge people or things also judgement British · The break-up of a serious relationship can often make us lose confidence in our own judgement.· Teachers need to have good judgement of pupils' needs and abilities.sound judgement (=good judgement) · Environmental rules are developed using good information and sound judgment.
be able to judge people or situations well, badly etc: · She'd always thought Mr Cunningham was a good judge of character.· Professional people are sometimes bad judges of their colleagues' conduct.
a standard by which something is judged a level of quality, skill, achievement etc by which something is judged: · Shakespeare is the standard against which all playwrights must be measured.· Many Europeans who consider themselves to be poor are rich by the standards of some Third World countries.
a set of standards, levels, or degrees against which you can compare and judge things: · On a scale of one to ten, ten being best, his new movie is a two.· The researchers devised a scale to measure people's attitudes toward certain types of behavior.
a standard you use in order to judge people or things, especially one that may be different from the standard used by other people or organizations: · The company's criterion for success is high sales.· Changing the college admissions criteria will have a serious effect.set of criteria (=group of standards): · The group ranks cities according to its own set of criteria.
a very high standard of quality, achievement, or excellence, against which all other things have to be compared and judged: · Under Coach Wooden, UCLA men's basketball was so successful it was the benchmark other teams measured themselves against.benchmark for: · In the 1960s and 1970s the Swedish political system was regarded as a benchmark for other European countries.
a person or thing that you compare another person or thing with, in order to judge how good or successful they are: · Many teachers say the primary school tests are not a useful educational yardstick.yardstick for: · The hospital has developed a treatment for cancer which has become the yardstick for all other treatments.
the people in the legal process the person in charge of a court, who knows a lot about the law and makes the official decision about what the punishment for a crime should be: · Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.· Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.· The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers.
a group of ordinary people, who listen to the people speaking at a trial, and then decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime: · The jury was made up of seven women and five men.· Have you ever been on a jury?· The jury awarded Hayes $3.5 million in damages.jury duty/service (=a period of time during which you must be ready to be part of a jury if necessary): · I have been called for jury duty twice.hung jury (=a jury that cannot make a decision about whether someone is guilty or not): · Broderick's first trial last year ended in a hung jury.sit on a jury (=be a member of a jury): · Are people with criminal records allowed to sit on a jury?
also attorney especially American someone who is trained in the law and who represents people in court: · You have to study for a long time to become a lawyer.· He refused to answer any questions until his lawyer came.defence lawyer British: defense laywer American (=a lawyer who tries to prove that a person is not guilty of a crime): · Defense lawyer Charles Grieshammer said he was not surprised by the verdict.
the person in a trial who is being judged guilty or not guilty of a crime: · The defendant pleaded not guilty.· According to the defendant, the heroin was destined for the New York City area.
someone who is trying to prove that they are not guilty of a crime that they are on trial for: · The accused is being held in the Pelham County Jail on charges of assault and battery.· According to the sixth amendment, the accused has the right to a fair and public trial.
British /the defense American the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime: · The defence plans to call only one witness to testify.· Today, the defence makes its final presentation to the jury.· Peres said the defense team would appeal the sentencing by Judge Bernardo Tirado.
the lawyers in a court who try to prove that someone is guilty of a crime: · The prosecution's first witness is expected to be one of the defendant's co-workers.· Speaking for the prosecution, Lipscomb said that both men should go to prison for the rest of their lives.
someone who tells what they know about a crime in court: · Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.· The witness was asked to identify the defendant in the courtroom.call somebody as a witness: · The congressman was called as a witness for the prosecution today.
the person who makes sure that players obey the rules the person who makes sure that the players obey the rules and decides if points have been won according to the rules. Use referee about football, basketball, hockey, and boxing. Use umpire about baseball, cricket, and tennis: · To United's disbelief, the referee failed to award the goal.· He made no attempt to hide his disgust at the umpire's decision, which cost him the match.
the people who decide which person is the best in a competition such as skating, horse-riding etc, where people do not compete in teams: · The judges awarded first prize to 14-year-old Amanda Colton, on her horse, Donna.
WORD SETSaccess, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
She appeared before Colchester magistrates charged with attempted murder.
(=a judge in a particular court)
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES She appeared before Colchester magistrates charged with attempted murder. (=make judgements based on the way someone or something looks)· You shouldn’t judge by appearances.
· The case came before the federal courts.
(=decide who has won it)· A panel of five will judge the competition.
(=judge how much space there is between things)· Animals that hunt can judge distances very well.
(=tells it what to decide)· The judge directed the jury to find her not guilty.
(=think about whether or not something is a good idea)· The committee is considering the merits of the proposal.
· Judging by the audience’s reactions, the show will be a great success.
· The trial judge acquitted the accused on the charge of assault.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE· The decision was announced by federal district judge William Hoeveler at a pre-trial hearing on Jan. 11.· It was also last month that a federal judge refused to dismiss the state lawsuit against Desert Diamond Casino.· Yet it does not automatically follow that last week's decision by a federal judge to close Napster was the right one.· A federal trial judge in New York adopted that stance in this case.· He has about four months remaining in a sentence imposed by a federal judge in Boston June 15, 1994.· A federal judge has frozen most of the assets.· But a federal judge ruled last May that probable cause existed to grant the extradition.· He would impose term limits on the members of Congress and federal judges.
· A High Court judge has ruled that her injuries weren't the result of negligence.· In 1988 a High Court judge was given charge of the list.· A High Court judge has ruled that they don't have the same rights as traditional gypsies.· There are only seven women high court judges, two in the court of appeal, and no women law lords.· But a High Court judge said the plans were already public when they bought the house.· Appeal was the only corrective for a mistake by a High Court judge and that had been removed by statute.
· Rules are to be drawn up by the Law Society, subject to approval by the Lord Chancellor and four senior judges.· Cecil F.. Poole, who became a senior judge with a lightened caseload last January.· In the debate referred to, the senior judges renewed their attack.· Partisan nomination of senior judges used to be the rule in Britain but has not really been so since the 1920s.· The senior judge in question is former chief justice Eusoff Chin, who ran the judiciary throughout the Anwar trial.· One of Britain's most senior judges has attacked plans to send more people to jail.· The bill gives four senior judges and the Lord Chancellor a veto over rules for solicitor advocates.
NOUN· A High Court judge has ruled that her injuries weren't the result of negligence.· As a Supreme Court judge, he made $ 65, 100.· Rather than increasing the sentence, three appeal court judges substituted a three-year probation order requiring him to undergo treatment or counselling.· Women who had the ability to be Supreme Court judges were worth just as much to society then as now.· But the other Supreme Court judges are making a stand against the government.
· The deputy judge gave very careful consideration to all the evidence to which I have referred.· The deputy judge concluded that the onus of establishing testamentary competence had not been discharged.· There is one authority on the point that was not available to the deputy judge.· The deputy judge had to take into account also the other evidence relevant to the issue of testamentary competence.· The deputy judge ruled against this contention.· This argument found favour with the deputy judge.· The deputy judge refused to admit the document to probate.· The background facts, as found by the deputy judge, are these.
· The district judge refused both applications.· When prosecutors refused to disclose information about their procedures, a federal district judge dismissed the charges against the five defendants.· A district judge will decide later the amount of money and interest the musicians must receive from royalties.· Limits for district judge candidates vary by county population.· If substituted service by advertisement is required, a draft of the advertisement must be submitted to the district judge to settle.· She has been competing for three weeks under a temporary restraining order issued April 15 by a federal district judge in Phoenix.· The district judge must send a copy of the defence to the plaintiff.· At the same time, some solicitors complained of inconsistencies in approach by High Court masters and district judges.
VERB· She was later appointed a skating judge.· The same would be true if Clinton responds by scaring women about a flood of pro-life Dole-appointed judges.· John Devaux, who became a Recorder and head of chambers in 1989, has been appointed a circuit judge.· Federal judges are appointed, while state judges are elected.· A Recorder who has served for five years may be appointed as a Circuit judge.· At the age of thirty, 1vo was appointed diocesan judge and proved himself to be incorruptible.· There is only the fairness of what politically appointed election officials or politically appointed judges decide.· Four years later, she was appointed supervising judge in Manhattan, where she heard more than 20, 000 cases.
· Gordon Middleton and Alan Hill are asking a judge to overturn a ruling by magistrates.· Today at Aylesbury Crown Court they asked a judge to quash those convictions.· Though she has filed for divorce, Anne Mirretti, 38, asked the judge to have pity on her husband.· Children of any age can now ask a judge to decide where they should live under the new Children's Act.· But, in addition, Weeks' lawyers asked the judge to award them $ 3. 8 million in fees.· When asked by the judge if she ever drank or got aggressive.· Prosecutors have asked a judge to sentence him to 1 years in prison.
· Should not judges be able to decide what award is justified?· The judge already has decided to ban from the courtroom not only video cameras but print photographers working for newspapers and magazines.· A judge deciding McLoughlin might think it unjust to require compensation for any emotional injury.· A federal judge will decide whether the miles should be considered as assets and confiscated under forfeiture laws.· A judge has decided the youngster should remain with her former foster parents until the case can be heard in full next year.· It would have toughened the system by allowing prosecutors, rather than judges, to decide when to try children as adults.· There is only the fairness of what politically appointed election officials or politically appointed judges decide.· And the judge may then decide not to sit.
· Within care centres public law cases may be heard by designated family judges or nominated care judges.· The cases are due to be heard together before a judge in London without a jury, in January.· We hear of judges being bribed, and occasionally overt bribery does occur.· After any other party has been heard the judge should give his formal ruling.· In addition, all charges against self-confessed drug traffickers would in future be heard by the same judge.· She was in court to hear the judge order a retrial.· Mr Ward returned to court in the morning to hear the judge award him his costs.
· A federal judge ordered Bher reinstated.· The judge Tuesday ordered to vacate the stay.· Some judges have imposed such orders to deal with aggressive protesters who push and shove patients and scream in their faces.· Read in studio A judge has ordered a fish farm to compensate a group of anglers for ruining their fishing season.· The judge then ordered the lead plaintiffs' lawyer in the class-action suit to conduct an investigation.· But Vargas said the strengthened designation might make a judge more reluctant to order the cross razed.· As early as today a federal judge could order Napster to halt users from downloading copyrighted music.
· The High Court in turn sought a ruling from the Luxembourg judges.· No matter, ruled the judge.
· It is believed Stavridis told the judge in a behind-closed-doors grilling that the pilot was directing him from shore.· After all, such lopsided enthusiasm indicates that you feel well equipped to tell judges how to do their jobs.· I am sorry about what happened ... He told the judge that he would not be instructed for the retrial.· So they told the judges that we, the staff, had to stop the strikes.· He wanted to tell the judge how to deal with me, but fortunately the judge was more understanding.· Then I told the judge I was sorry we had to present this painful case to him, and I sat down.· She kept a secret diary which revealed that he spoke on average 3.5 words a day, she told a divorce judge.· It takes a minimum of three appearances to actually tell the judge your story.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► be judge and jury► as sober as a judge► let me be the judge of that
- Sarah's not a very good judge of character.
- And for all his imagination, he was not a good judge of character on limited acquaintance.
- But Anya's a better judge of character than she used to be, back in the old homeland.
- He's also a good judge of a quick run.
- He was a good judge of character, hated hypocrisy, and had no time for conceit.
- I didn't protest as it was his fence officially, and he was supposed to be a good judge of torque.
- It was not that he was too sure of himself simply that he was a good judge of the possible.
- Munnings, he told reporters, was a better judge of horses than paintings.
- And who were to be the judges of error?
- But the bigger impact on the Clinton legacy may be the judges that Mr Clinton himself was unable to appoint.
- I would lean toward the manslaughter charge, however, rather than murder, if I were the judge.
- Only you can be the judge of that.
- Well, if it's all the same to you, we would rather be the judges of that.
- You have to be the judge of your own cooking.
WORD FAMILYnounjudgejudg(e)mentadjectivejudg(e)mentalverbjudge
1the official in control of a court, who decides how criminals should be punished: The trial judge specifies the number of years to be spent in prison.federal judge/high court judge etc (=a judge in a particular court)2someone who decides on the result of a competition: The panel of judges included several well-known writers.3a good/bad judge of something someone whose opinion on something is usually right or wrong: Sandra’s a very good judge of character.4be the judge (of something) to be the person whose opinion on something matters or is accepted: No one else can say what its value to you is – only you can be the judge of that.5let me be the judge of that spoken used to tell someone angrily that you do not need their advice6be judge and jury (also act as judge and jury) to make or have the power to make an important decision affecting someone by yourself – used showing disapproval7as sober as a judge someone who is as sober as a judge is not drunk at alljudge1 nounjudge2 verb
judgejudge2 ●●● S3 W3 verb (past tense and past participle judged, present participle judging) WORD ORIGINjudge2
Origin:
1200-1300 Old French jugier, from Latin judicare, from judex; ➔ JUDGE1VERB TABLE
judge
| Simple Form | ||
| Present | I, you, we, they | judge |
| he, she, it | judges | |
| Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | judged |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have judged |
| he, she, it | has judged | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had judged |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will judge |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have judged |
| Continuous Form | ||
| Present | I | am judging |
| he, she, it | is judging | |
| you, we, they | are judging | |
| Past | I, he, she, it | was judging |
| you, we, they | were judging | |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been judging |
| he, she, it | has been judging | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been judging |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be judging |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been judging |
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- Judging from Monday night's game, the team still has a lot of work to do.
- 2,000 foreign and local monitors were watching to judge whether the elections were free and fair.
- A photograph of a stormy beach was judged "best in show" by the panel.
- Bridget, you shouldn't judge people like that.
- Dillon and two other writers judged the poetry contest.
- Don't judge other people unless you want to be judged yourself.
- Dwight judged it dangerous to navigate in darkness in these waters.
- He seems like a nice guy, but it's too early to judge.
- How do you judge when a house needs a new roof?
- I have a hard time judging ages, but the baby looked about six months old.
- It's difficult to judge whether this is the right time to tell him.
- Kaldor judged that the moment was exactly right to call an election.
- Pupils were judged in two categories: age 6 to 8, and age 9 to 12.
- She should do what seems right to her. It isn't for me to judge.
- Some students may judge that the benefits they receive from further education are less than the costs of that education.
- The annual flower show was judged by a TV celebrity and a professional horticulturist.
- The changes should be judged by their results.
- What right does she have to judge me?
- Who's judging the talent contest?
- Women judged to be at high risk for breast cancer should be examined every year.
- He did Human Figure Drawings, which were judged impoverished.
- If we totally loved ourselves, we would not feel the need to judge others.
- Of that number, approximately 20 percent were eventually judged unfavorable by the Applicant Review Panel.
- Seems extraordinary, but judging from the hardback sales, his fan club is as big as ever.
- Skating is rife with bias, carrying the inherent subjectivity of judging to extremes.
- The instrument maker knows how to choose his materials, and can judge their qualities and defects.
THESAURUS
to form an opinion about someone or something, using your knowledge, experience, and intelligence: · He will judge whether the project has been a success.· It’s difficult to judge how long the work will take.
to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by using a fixed set of standards. Assess is often used about measuring students’ abilities and performance: · Are tests and exams the best way to assess students’ progress?· The insurance company will send someone to assess the damage.
to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by carefully examining all the information about them. Evaluate is often used about the work of people doing research: · The data from the study is still being evaluated.· The test is used to evaluate the effects of pesticides on domestic bees.
(also gage American English) formal to judge people’s opinions or feelings about something, or to measure the effect, importance etc of something. Gauge is often used when talking about getting a general idea of what something is like: · A meeting was arranged in order to gauge the opinions of pupils, parents and teachers.· It' s too early to gauge the impact of the oil price rises on people’s spending.· Without further information it is impossible to gauge the full extent of the problem.
formal to judge how successful, effective etc someone or something is, especially by comparing their good and bad points: · Twice a year, managers appraise the performance of employees.· This research aims to appraise the effectiveness of different kinds of public sector financial assistance.· On what basis will a teacher be appraised?
Longman Language Activatorto decide how good, bad etc someone or something is to form an opinion about a person or situation, using your knowledge, experience, and intelligence: · The changes should be judged by their results.judge when/whether/what etc: · How do you judge when a house needs a new roof?· 2,000 foreign and local monitors were watching to judge whether the elections were free and fair.judge somebody/something to be something: · Women judged to be at high risk for breast cancer should be examined every year.judging from/by something (=when you form an opinion based on a particular fact): · Judging from Monday night's game, the team still has a lot of work to do.judge (that): · Some students may judge that the benefits they receive from further education are less than the costs of that education.judge it wise/proper/dangerous etc to do something formal: · Dwight judged it dangerous to navigate in darkness in these waters.
to consider someone's work, ideas, or products, or to consider a situation or event, in order to judge how good they are, what standard they have reached, or how useful they might be to you: · This test provides an excellent way of assessing students' progress.· He has written a guidebook that assesses the quality of Californian hotels.· The booklet aims to help parents assess recent educational changes.assess how/whether/what etc: · The committee will continue to assess how we can improve.
to carefully consider how useful or valuable an activity, plan, or suggestion is, especially in order to decide whether or not to start doing it or continue doing it: · There was not enough time to evaluate the information before the meeting.· The new drug is being evaluated in clinical trials.· The police force should not evaluate officers' performance in terms of the number of arrests they make.
an article, book, speech etc that carefully examines a subject and says what is good or bad about it: · The speech was a devastating critique of Reagan's economic policy.· Marx's critique of capitalism in the 19th century
to decide who is the winner in a game, competition etc · Dillon and two other writers judged the poetry contest.· Pupils were judged in two categories: age 6 to 8, and age 9 to 12.· The annual flower show was judged by a TV celebrity and a professional horticulturist.be judged the best/the winner etc · A photograph of a stormy beach was judged "best in show" by the panel.
someone whose job is to judge a game, competition etc: · There are normally three judges for the national essay competition.
also ref informal someone whose job is to judge a sports game and make sure that the players obey the rules - for example in football: · The referee should never have allowed the first goal.· One of the players was sent off for arguing with the referee.
someone whose job is to judge a sports game and make sure that the players obey the rules - for example in football and tennis: · I thought he was out, but the umpire called him safe.· Mack was thrown out of the game for hitting an umpire.
to decide whether someone is wrong to do something to decide whether someone is wrong to do something - use this when you think someone has no right to do this: · What right does she have to judge me?· Don't judge other people unless you want to be judged yourself.· She should do what seems right to her. It isn't for me to judge.
also judgement British to judge something or someone in a negative and often unreasonable way: · He refused to pass judgement until all the evidence was presented.pass judgment upon/on: · Society badly needs to learn not to pass judgment on people because of their background.
British to judge whether someone's behaviour is good or bad - use this especially when you think someone should not be doing this: · I don't care how annoyed she is - she's got no absolutely no right to sit in judgement.sit in judgement on/upon/over: · It seems wrong that 12 white men could sit in judgment on one black woman.
British /judgmental American too ready to judge and criticize other people: · I try not to be judgmental, but if I think someone's being stupid, I'll say so.· The parenting class is run in an open, non-judgmental manner that lets people speak freely.judgemental about: · The public is often judgmental about people's sexuality.
to decide who is right in a quarrel formal if someone, especially a lawyer, adjudicates , they officially form a judgement about who is legally right in an argument or disagreement: · The World Court adjudicates boundary disputes and commercial claims.
to officially judge how an argument between two opposing groups or organizations can be settled: · As president of the European Council he arbitrated in an argument over cereal prices.· Most brokerage firms require customers to arbitrate disputes rather than file lawsuits.arbitrate between: · A local magistrate has been asked to arbitrate between farmers and conservationist groups.
the process of judging officially who is right in an argument or disagreement, by someone who has been chosen by the opposing groups: · The case has been submitted for international arbitration.go to arbitration (=ask someone to arbitrate): · Both parties agreed to go to arbitration in order to avoid more strikes by the workers.
to write your opinion of a new film, book etc to write an article in a newspaper or magazine judging how good or bad a film, play, television programme, or book is: · Doig's new book is reviewed on page 4.· As well as being an author, she reviews books for the Sunday papers.· Eliot wrote to him after he reviewed "The Use of Poetry."
an article in a newspaper or magazine that judges a book, television programme, film etc: · Our first English assignment was to write a book review.· The movie got good reviews.review of: · Wilberforce had just written a long review of Darwin's book.
informal an article in a newspaper or magazine, that says how good or bad a new film, book, product etc is: · Did you see Martin Amis' write-up of the book in the Observer?· After a write-up in Yankee magazine, orders started pouring in.· The film didn't get a very good write-up in Time Out.
someone who writes in newspapers or magazines or on television or radio, giving their judgement about books, films etc: · I didn't think the book was as bad as the critics said it was.theatre/film/art etc critic: · For five years she was theater critic for the New Yorker.· Film critic Roger Ebert has a new partner for his movie-review television program.
someone's ability to judge people or things also judgement British · The break-up of a serious relationship can often make us lose confidence in our own judgement.· Teachers need to have good judgement of pupils' needs and abilities.sound judgement (=good judgement) · Environmental rules are developed using good information and sound judgment.
be able to judge people or situations well, badly etc: · She'd always thought Mr Cunningham was a good judge of character.· Professional people are sometimes bad judges of their colleagues' conduct.
a standard by which something is judged a level of quality, skill, achievement etc by which something is judged: · Shakespeare is the standard against which all playwrights must be measured.· Many Europeans who consider themselves to be poor are rich by the standards of some Third World countries.
a set of standards, levels, or degrees against which you can compare and judge things: · On a scale of one to ten, ten being best, his new movie is a two.· The researchers devised a scale to measure people's attitudes toward certain types of behavior.
a standard you use in order to judge people or things, especially one that may be different from the standard used by other people or organizations: · The company's criterion for success is high sales.· Changing the college admissions criteria will have a serious effect.set of criteria (=group of standards): · The group ranks cities according to its own set of criteria.
a very high standard of quality, achievement, or excellence, against which all other things have to be compared and judged: · Under Coach Wooden, UCLA men's basketball was so successful it was the benchmark other teams measured themselves against.benchmark for: · In the 1960s and 1970s the Swedish political system was regarded as a benchmark for other European countries.
a person or thing that you compare another person or thing with, in order to judge how good or successful they are: · Many teachers say the primary school tests are not a useful educational yardstick.yardstick for: · The hospital has developed a treatment for cancer which has become the yardstick for all other treatments.
to decide that something is true to think that something is true, after thinking about it, checking it, or looking at it: decide (that): · I listened to his story and decided he was probably telling the truth.decide whether/which/what etc: · She couldn't decide whether the dress suited her or not.
to decide that something is true after thinking carefully about all the facts: come to/reach the conclusion (that): · I came to the conclusion that there was only one way of tackling the problem.· Scientists were gradually coming to the conclusion that the disease was hereditary.
to decide that something is true or to make a judgment about it after carefully considering all the facts: conclude (that): · The jury listened carefully to the evidence and concluded that the man was guilty.· It seems reasonable to conclude that people's behaviour is influenced by what they see on TV.conclude from something that: · Davis concludes from an analysis of traffic accidents that the speed limit should be lowered.
to decide too quickly that something is true, without considering all the facts: · Don't jump to conclusions! Just because he's late doesn't mean he's had an accident.
formal to decide that something is true after examining a situation carefully and using your knowledge and experience: judge that: · Kaldor judged that the moment was exactly right to call an election.judge whether/which/what etc: · It's difficult to judge whether this is the right time to tell him.
to decide that something must be true because of other facts that you know - used to talk about scientific or technical decisions: deduce (that): · Darwin's observations led him to deduce that plants and animals could adapt to their surroundings.deduce something from something: · The police surgeon was able to deduce the probable time of death from the temperature of the body.
to form an opinion or decide that something is probably true because of other information you already know: infer that: · It is easy to infer that the marriage was not a very happy one.infer from something that: · From archaeological evidence we can reasonably infer that these people used stone cutting tools.
when you think that something will happen or is true because of the way something seems · Judging by Michael's expression I'd say he wasn't in a very good mood today.· She looks like a student, judging from the number of books she's carrying under her arm.· Going by the quality of the runners, I think this week's 800 metres final could produce a new Olympic record.
use this to say that something seems to be true because of the way someone or something looks or the way they do something: · It was clear from the way Dorothy spoke that she was worried about something.· From the way the body was lying, I'd say it was suicide.
use this when you want to say that someone is making a situation seem much more serious or important than it really is: · He's only cut his finger but you'd think he was bleeding to death, the amount of noise he's making.· Mary's spent at least three days cleaning up and preparing the meal -- anyone would think she was expecting royalty!
: from somebody's face/voice/clothes etc use this to say that because of the way someone's face etc looks or sounds, something seems to be true: · From his voice I'd say he was born somewhere in the North of England.· She looked from her clothes like some kind of high-powered executive.
WORD SETSaccess, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYphrases She appeared before Colchester magistrates charged with attempted murder.
· The economic results of the reforms are difficult to judge.
· How much this affected their children was impossible to judge.
(=by looking at the facts)· His behaviour, judged objectively by what he has done, is dishonest.
(=in a severe or unkind way)· Do not judge her too harshly; she was very young at the time.
· It takes a lot of experience to judge correctly what is needed.
(=consider it to be a success/failure)· The concert was judged a success.
(=according to what you see when you look at it, rather than what people tell you)· The arguments should be judged on their merits.
(=by considering something)· It is difficult to judge progress on the basis of a single day.
(=think that something is the best thing to do)· Robert wanted to go and help him, but judged it best to stay where he was.
(=consider that it is safe to do something)· He listened for some time before judging it safe to go downstairs.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES She appeared before Colchester magistrates charged with attempted murder. (=make judgements based on the way someone or something looks)· You shouldn’t judge by appearances.
· The case came before the federal courts.
(=decide who has won it)· A panel of five will judge the competition.
(=judge how much space there is between things)· Animals that hunt can judge distances very well.
(=tells it what to decide)· The judge directed the jury to find her not guilty.
(=think about whether or not something is a good idea)· The committee is considering the merits of the proposal.
· Judging by the audience’s reactions, the show will be a great success.
· The trial judge acquitted the accused on the charge of assault.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB· It is, unfortunately, impossible in the absence of any real evidence to judge how much.· It is also likely to be unpolished and you need to judge how well it will travel.· Transit A method used in racing to judge how near the start line you are.
NOUN· So, in the case of loose-leaf reference, it's vital that you judge the book by its cover.· How difficult it is to judge a book by its cover, the old saying goes.· To judge from this book, the most surprising thing about the paper is that it did not collapse long ago.· Appearances are often deceiving and we all know the dangers of judging a book by its cover.· Never judge a book by its cover, she might have reflected, had she not been so breathless with excitement.
· C., by proposing legislation to cut the court back to 11 judges.
· The reader's criteria for judging articles will vary accordingly.· Fact 3: Criteria are lacking for judging the product a failure.· There are, though, three or four fundamental criteria for judging advertisements which can be applied more or less universally.· It runs a League, and is involved in establishing criteria for judging standards for a series of compulsory figures.· The immediate objective End Result: To have agreed criteria for judging Bill's performance as a supervisor.· As a consequence of their different interpretations, they had different criteria for judging attainment.· We will draw upon these criteria inPart Two in judging the various strategies of evaluation.
· Scriven has charged evaluators with the responsibility for judging the merit of an educational practice.· Underlying their arguments is the idea that everyone should be judged on merit.· How, I wondered, was I going to find some one to judge the merit of this work objectively?· Your ideas will be judged for their merit, rather than in deference to your position.· The extent of government involvement in such projects should be judged on individual merit, he said.· The application will not be judged on merit.
· And, of course, I realise that when I bring forward proposals they will have to be judged on their merits.· The lawyer said she was entitled to be judged on her own merits and not those of her father.· Voters will need to know enough about the candidates to be able to judge their relative merits.· Their arguments have to be judged on their merits.
· How will my customers judge the performance?· The immediate objective End Result: To have agreed criteria for judging Bill's performance as a supervisor.· Why is it an important input to setting objectives and judging enterprise performance?· Purchasers and providers are now judged by performance indicators.
· Put yourselves in the client's position: what would you judge as a quality, desirable service?· Every country must finally be judged by the quality of justice it delivers to its people.· The instrument maker knows how to choose his materials, and can judge their qualities and defects.· In addition, it can be difficult to judge the quality of some merchandise from a photo on a Web page.· Yet the headmistress believes it's a poor way to judge quality.· They judge for themselves the quality and character of the political leaders who parade before them on television seeking their support.· Consumers judge quality by comparing the service they receive against expectations of what they should receive.· One of the problems facing practitioners is judging the quality of a piece of research.
· That is judging by ordinary residential standards.· One last item: you can't judge accommodation standards by holiday price.· The situation has clarified into an endgame which, judged by traditional material standards, should be level.· It runs a League, and is involved in establishing criteria for judging standards for a series of compulsory figures.· But the survey showed that it was difficult to judge whether standards of spelling were going up or down.· Representatives of the central government were required to judge whether or not these standards had been achieved.· What is in the best interests of the patient will be judged by the standards of a responsible body of medical opinion.· One day in two, judged by federal standards, the soft California air is not fit to breathe.
· Watch the changes in their management philosophies to judge their future success.· Regardless of technical hitches Pathfinders in Space was judged a great success, leading to a second series being commissioned in 1960.· He judges success by how effectively human needs are reconciled with the needs of the ecosystem.· The scheme was judged to be a success and extended to all secondary schools in April 1986.· Local Management of Schools will be judged a success if it has been up and running reasonably well since 1 April 1990.· We judge the success of a contract by the volume of trades conducted in it.· If the New Deal is judged by its economic success alone, then the verdict must be a mixed one.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► as far as I can judge► don’t judge a book by its cover► it’s not for somebody to judge
- I'd say she's pretty rich, judging from her clothes.
WORD FAMILYnounjudgejudg(e)mentadjectivejudg(e)mentalverbjudge
1opinion [intransitive, transitive] to form or give an opinion about someone or something after thinking carefully about all the information you know about them: You should never judge a person by their looks. Judge us on the improvements we make in the economy. The therapist judged that Margaret had made a serious attempt to kill herself. pollutants that were judged hazardous to human health I am in no position to judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong. The economic results of the reforms are very difficult to judge. The likelihood of future bombs was impossible to judge. We judge the success of a product by the number of sales it brings in. His conduct, judged objectively by what he has done, is dishonest. Robert wanted to go and help him, but judged it best to stay where he was. Do not judge her too harshly, as she was very young at the time.2judging by/from something used to say that you are making a guess based on what you have just seen, heard, or learned: Judging by his jovial manner, he must have enjoyed his meal. Judging from what you say in your letter, you don’t sound well.3competition [intransitive, transitive] to decide on the result of a competition: I had the difficult task of judging the competition.judge somebody on something Competitors will be judged on speed and accuracy.4criticize [intransitive, transitive] to form an opinion about someone, especially in an unfair or criticizing way: He just accepts people for what they are and he doesn’t judge them.5law [transitive] to decide whether someone is guilty of a crime in court6it’s not for somebody to judge used to say that you do not think someone has the right to give their opinion about something: Was it the right decision? It’s not for us to judge.7as far as I can judge used to say that you think what you are saying is true, but you are not sure8don’t judge a book by its cover used to say that you should not form an opinion based only on the way something looksCOLLOCATIONSphrasesbe difficult/hard to judge· The economic results of the reforms are difficult to judge.be impossible to judge· How much this affected their children was impossible to judge.judge something objectively (=by looking at the facts)· His behaviour, judged objectively by what he has done, is dishonest.judge somebody harshly (=in a severe or unkind way)· Do not judge her too harshly; she was very young at the time.judge something correctly· It takes a lot of experience to judge correctly what is needed.judge something a success/failure (=consider it to be a success/failure)· The concert was judged a success.judge something on its merits (=according to what you see when you look at it, rather than what people tell you)· The arguments should be judged on their merits.judge something on the basis of something (=by considering something)· It is difficult to judge progress on the basis of a single day.judge it best/better to do something (=think that something is the best thing to do)· Robert wanted to go and help him, but judged it best to stay where he was.judge it safe to do something (=consider that it is safe to do something)· He listened for some time before judging it safe to go downstairs.THESAURUSjudge to form an opinion about someone or something, using your knowledge, experience, and intelligence: · He will judge whether the project has been a success.· It’s difficult to judge how long the work will take.assess to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by using a fixed set of standards. Assess is often used about measuring students’ abilities and performance: · Are tests and exams the best way to assess students’ progress?· The insurance company will send someone to assess the damage.evaluate to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by carefully examining all the information about them. Evaluate is often used about the work of people doing research: · The data from the study is still being evaluated.· The test is used to evaluate the effects of pesticides on domestic bees.gauge (also gage American English) formal to judge people’s opinions or feelings about something, or to measure the effect, importance etc of something. Gauge is often used when talking about getting a general idea of what something is like: · A meeting was arranged in order to gauge the opinions of pupils, parents and teachers.· It' s too early to gauge the impact of the oil price rises on people’s spending.· Without further information it is impossible to gauge the full extent of the problem.appraise formal to judge how successful, effective etc someone or something is, especially by comparing their good and bad points: · Twice a year, managers appraise the performance of employees.· This research aims to appraise the effectiveness of different kinds of public sector financial assistance.· On what basis will a teacher be appraised?