单词 | line | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | line1 nounline2 verb lineline1 /laɪn/ ●●● S1 W1 noun Entry menuMENU FOR lineline1 on paper/on the ground2 between two areas3 of people/things4 direction5 on your face6 phone7 for trains8 between two types of thing9 shape/edge10 words11 opinion/attitude12 way of doing something13 series of events14 in a war15 in a company/organization16 of rope/wire17 product18 along these/those lines19 along religious/ethnic/party etc lines20 on line21 drop somebody a line22 don’t give me that line23 fall into line/bring somebody into line24 in line with something25 bring something into line with something26 be out of line27 be in line for something/be in line to do something28 be first/second/next etc in line to the throne29 be on the line30 be in somebody’s line31 get a line on somebody/something32 somewhere along the line33 down the line34 in the line of duty35 be in the firing line/in the line of fire36 punishment37 family38 job39 transport40 drug Word OriginWORD ORIGINline1 ExamplesOrigin: 1200-1300 Partly from Old French ligne, from Latin linea, from linum ‘flax’; partly from Old English lineEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUSon the ground/on the surface of something► line Collocations a long thin mark on a piece of paper, the ground, or another surface: · The teacher put a red line through the first sentence.· If the ball goes over the line, it’s out of play. ► groove a thin line that has been cut into a surface: · Deep grooves had been cut into the stone to channel the water.· Lyle ran his fingernail along the groove in the table. ► rut a deep line in the ground which has been made by the wheels of vehicles: · The deep ruts made by the trucks were full of water.· The tractor’s wheels caught a rut in the field and jolted him. ► crease/wrinkle a line on clothes, material, or paper where it has been folded or crushed: · She was trying to smooth out the creases in her dress.· She had wrinkles in her skirt where she had sat. on someone’s face► line a line on the skin of someone’s face: · The deep lines on his forehead showed that he was a worried man. ► wrinkle a deep line on someone’s face caused by becoming old: · The manufacturers claim that the cream will reduce wrinkles.· Even with a few wrinkles, she still looks great. Longman Language Activatora line on paper► line a long, thin, continuous mark on a surface: · The teacher had put a red line through the first sentence.· Mike drew a line along the wall to show where the tiles would come up to.straight line: · Use your ruler to draw a straight line. ► dotted line a line made up of dots that is marked on paper, especially to show the place where someone must write their name: · Sign on the dotted line, please.· The dotted line on the map shows the path that goes from the church down to the river.· Fold the paper along the dotted line. a line of colour► stripe a straight line of colour on cloth, paper etc, usually part of a pattern where the line is repeated many times: · The American flag has red and white stripes.· He was wearing a grey suit with narrow blue stripes.· My horse had a big white stripe down the middle of his nose. ► striped also stripy British spoken something which is striped or stripy has a pattern on it which is made of many narrow coloured lines which are close together: · He was wearing a navy blue suit and a striped shirt.· stripey socksred and black striped/pink and blue striped etc: · My aunt knitted me a blue and white striped sweater for Christmas. ► band a thick coloured line: · a black snake with orange bands around its backband of: · There was a band of yellow in the rock.· How many bands of colour are there in a rainbow? ► streak a coloured line, especially one that is not straight or that has been made without any plan or pattern: · Her hair was brown, with streaks of gold.· Karen's dress had a big streak of red wine down the front.· "What have you been doing?" asked his mother, pointing at the streaks of dried mud on his arms and legs. a line on the ground or on the surface of something► line · If the ball goes over this line, it's out of play.yellow line (=a yellow line painted on the street which means that you cannot park there) · Monica got a fine yesterday for parking on a yellow line. ► rut a deep line made in a dirt track by the wheels of vehicles: · The road to the farm had deep ruts in it.· The carriage became stuck in a rut, and we all had to get out and push. ► tracks lines on the ground that are left by the wheels of a vehicle: · The police were busy examining the tyre tracks of the two vehicles which were involved in the accident.· We followed the tracks down a lane and arrived at an abandoned farmhouse. ► groove a thin line that has been cut into a surface, for example on a record: · The record player needle kept jumping out of the grooves.· Then you cut a groove into the wood, so that the two pieces can be slotted together. ► furrow one of many long lines which have been dug in a field in order to plant crops: · All around the furrows in the fields were filled with snow. a line on cloth where it has been folded or crushed► crease especially British a line on a piece of clothing or material where it has been folded or crushed: · When I unpacked my suitcase, all my shirts had creases in them. ► wrinkle especially American a line in a piece of clothing that is caused when it has not been folded or hung properly, but instead has been left somewhere untidily: · If you hang that dress over the bath, the steam will get the wrinkles out.· It's made from a special fabric that doesn't leave any wrinkles after you wash it. ► wrinkled especially American /creased especially British clothes that are wrinkled or creased have a lot of wrinkles or creases in them: · Your tie's creased, you'll have to iron it.· Chris, as usual, came in wearing old jeans and a wrinkled T-shirt. a line on someone's face or skin► line · When she laughed, little lines formed at the corners of her eyes and mouth.· The deep lines on his forehead showed that he was a worried man. ► wrinkle a deep line on someone's face or skin, which is caused by growing old: · Her face was old and covered in wrinkles.· Delay the effects of ageing with a revolutionary new anti-wrinkle cream. ► wrinkled if someone's face or skin is wrinkled , it has a lot of wrinkles on it: · a small man with a balding head and a very wrinkled face· Mrs Franz sat on the step, shelling peas with her wrinkled old hands. ► crease a deep line on someone's face or skin, which lasts for a short time because they are smiling, bending part of their body etc: · When he smiles, you can see the creases around his mouth and his eyes. a line of things► line several things that are standing next to each other or one behind the other: in a line: · Maisie had arranged her teddy bears in a line on the bed.line of: · In front of the house there is a line of tall trees. ► row a line of things that have been deliberately put next to each other, especially one of several lines that are arranged one behind the other: · The tiny cottages had been built in long rows.· They put a row of chairs out for the visitors.· Julie arranged her perfumes and creams in neat rows on the dressing table.row upon row (=many rows): · The back wall was covered with row upon row of files. ► bank a line of computers, televisions, or other electrical equipment: bank of: · Fans who couldn't get into the stadium watched the match on banks of TV monitors outside.· The scientists sit behind banks of computers, giving instructions to the crew of the spaceship. ► tier one of many rows of seats in a theatre, concert hall etc, which are at different levels: tier of: · We always sat in the top tier of seats.· Mason occupied two spaces on a tier of seats normally reserved for the board of directors and important visitors. a line of writing or numbers► line a line of writing that goes across a page: · Martin opened the letter and read the first few lines - it was bad news.· Start reading at line 12.line of: · a few lines of poetry ► column a line of numbers written under each other, that goes down a page: · Sales totals are shown in this column.· Add up the numbers in the column on the right. a line that separates two areas or countries► border the official line that separates two countries, or the area close to this line: · They escaped across the border into Thailand.border with: · Iraq had put thousands of troops along its border with Kuwait.border between: · The town lies on the border between Chile and Argentina.the German/Mexican/Swiss etc border: · Strasbourg is very close to the German border.cross the border: · As soon as we crossed the border we began to see signs of poverty.on the border: · Jeumont is a small town on the French-Belgian border.border town/area/region: · The army's main task was to patrol the border regions.border dispute (=when two countries disagree about where the border should be): · The two presidents met for the first time to discuss their longstanding border dispute. ► boundary the official line that marks the edge of an area of land, for example a farm or one of the parts of a country: · More and more people are moving outside the city boundaries.boundary between something and something: · The Mississippi River forms the boundary between Tennessee and Arkansas.draw a boundary (=(=decide where a boundary will be): · Politicians drew strangely shaped boundaries, in order to give themselves an advantage in the next election. to draw or mark a line on something► draw a line · The teacher drew a line on the blackboard.· Someone's drawn a line through my name and written in theirs. ► underline to draw a line under a word in order to make people notice it: · Don't forget to underline the title of the essay.· All the mistakes had been underlined in red ink. ► rule formal to draw a straight line using a ruler or other straight edge: · He ruled three lines under the title of his essay.· She divided the page into four by ruling two diagonal lines across it. a line of people► line a line of people who are standing behind each other or next to each other: · The Queen is walking slowly along the lines of soldiers, occasionally stopping to ask a question.in a line (=forming a line): · The photographer asked us to stand in a line.form a line (=make a line): · The teacher got the children to form a line before they went into the hall. ► row a line of people who have been arranged to stand or sit next to each other, especially when there are several lines of people arranged one behind another: · Can you see me in the photo? I'm in the back row on the left.in a row: · The hotel staff stood in a row to greet their important guests. ► queue British /line American a number of people who are standing one behind another, waiting to do something: · There was a queue of about fifteen people at the bus stop.queue for: · The line for the movie went right around the block.form a queue/line (=make a queue/line): · The women who were waiting outside the toilets began to form a queue.in the queue (=part of the queue): · Excuse me, are you in the queue? ► in single file if a group of people walk in single file , they walk one behind another in a line: · The path was so narrow that we had to walk in single file. ► procession a group of people or vehicles that move slowly along in a line, especially as part of a public ceremony: · We were held up by a long funeral procession.· The children were eager to take part in the carnival procession. ► parade an event in which a line of people such as musicians, dancers etc, or a line of decorated vehicles, go down the street while other people watch them in order to celebrate something: · A lot of soldiers were missing from the Victory parade.· When Johnson arrived home after the championships a big parade was held in his honour. ► column a long moving line of people, especially soldiers: · The column of French soldiers passed us on their way to the battlefront.· Columns of men and women were making their way towards the central square. to stand in a line of people► stand/wait/be in line also stand/wait on line American to stand in a line of people who are waiting to do something: · Jerry joined the crowd of people who were waiting in line outside the stadium.· Standing in line for hours at some government office was not exactly my idea of fun. to do something: · Are you in line to get tickets? ► queue British to stand in a line of people who are waiting to do something: · We had to queue for hours in the rain.queue to do something: · One of the other passengers who was queueing to get on the train suddenly had a heart attack.queue for: · Thousands queued for tickets to see the final. ► queue up British /line up American to form a line or join a line of people who are standing one behind another in order to wait to do something, for example buy a ticket: · We queued up outside the stadium and had to wait over an hour for our tickets.queue up to do something: · People began lining up to get into the movie theater. queue up for: · We used to have to queue up for bread every morning. ► line if many people line a street, they stand next to each other in lines along the sides of it, especially in order to see an important person or event: · Hundreds of people lined the streets to see the football team go by.· The route taken by the Queen was lined with crowds of people waving flags. to arrange things or people in a line► line up: line up somebody/something · He lined up the plates on the table in front of them.line somebody/something up · They lined the prisoners up and shot them.· The horses were being lined up for the start of the race. the person who does a particular job after someone else► successor someone who takes a position previously held by someone else: somebody's successor: · In January 1947, Secretary of State Byrnes resigned; his successor was General Marshall. · Two weeks after the death of Pope John Paul, the cardinals met to elect his successor.successor to: · Many people regard him as a likely successor to the current managing director. ► succeed to be the next person to take an important position or rank after someone else: · Eisenhower was succeeded by John F. Kennedy.succeed to the throne/the presidency/the championship etc (=become the next king, president etc): · Louis XIII succeeded to the throne when he was only nine years old.succeed somebody as King/President/Secretary General etc: · Bailey will succeed Fuller as Director of Operations. ► next in line the person who will be the next leader, when the present one dies, or the person who is most likely to be chosen for an important job, when the present person leaves : · Who is next in line when the current leader of North Korea dies?next in line for: · Tom's next in line for the boss's job.next in line to the throne (=next in line to become king or queen): · Edward VIII was succeeded by his younger brother, who was next in line to the throne. ► the next the next leader, queen, president etc is the one that gets that position after someone else: · Who do you think will be the next prime minister?· The next boss was better than the old one. to behave badly► behave badly to be rude, unhelpful, or unpleasant and not do what you are told to do: · I knew I'd behaved very badly, and I was sorry.· The kids behaved so badly that I was embarrassed. ► badly behaved someone who is badly behaved behaves badly - use this especially about children: · The hotel was full of badly behaved celebrities. ► misbehave if children misbehave , they deliberately behave badly by being noisy, rude etc: · Kids often misbehave when they are bored or tired.· We never dared to misbehave in Miss Dill's classes. ► get into trouble if someone gets into trouble , they do something that is illegal or against the rules, especially something not very serious, and get caught doing it: · Tony is always getting into trouble at school.· Don't copy my work or we'll both get into trouble.get into trouble with: · He first got into trouble with the police at the age of 15. ► be up to no good if someone is up to no good , they are secretly doing something that they should not do - use this especially when you think someone may be doing something bad, but you are not completely sure: · She knew that her brother was up to no good but she didn't tell anyone. ► act up also play up British informal to behave badly by being very active and noisy - use this especially about children: · During his parents' divorce, Robert began acting up in class.· The kids have been playing up all afternoon. They're driving me mad. ► mess around also muck about British informal to behave in a silly way when you should be working or paying attention: · Stop messing around and pay attention!· They just mucked about all afternoon and went home early.mess around with: · Paul blew off his fingers messing around with homemade rockets. ► try it on British informal to behave badly in order to find out how bad you can be before someone gets angry with you or punishes you: · For your first few days' teaching, the kids will probably try it on just to see how you react.· At home she's allowed to tell everyone what to do, but she wouldn't dare try it on at work. ► step out of line to behave badly by breaking rules or disobeying orders, especially in a situation where everyone is expected to be very obedient: · The prisoners were warned that if they stepped out of line they would be severely punished.· The boss is very tough on anyone who steps out of line. to make something completely clear► make clear/make it clear · I tried to make clear exactly what I meant.make it clear (that) · The teacher made it clear that she would not allow talking in class.make something clear · We want to make the rules clear from the beginning.make yourself clear (=make it clear what you mean) · Am I making myself clear? ► clarify formal to make something clearer, especially because people have not completely understood it: · I hope this statement has helped to clarify a few points.clarify your position (=make it clear what you think about something and what your intentions are): · The senator tried to clarify his position on abortion. ► spell out to explain something in the clearest possible way, especially when you think it should be unnecessary to make things so simple or to give so many details: · Do I have to spell out to you how important this is to me?· Andrews was asked to spell out exactly how pensions would be affected.· Campbell spelled out the reasons why staff reductions were necessary. ► lay it on the line informal to state something clearly and strongly, especially something that other people may be unwilling to listen to or accept: · I'm going to lay it on the line. If you don't quit drinking, I'm going to leave you. ► in no uncertain terms if you say something in no uncertain terms , you make your meaning very clear, especially when you are annoyed with someone about something: · The president of the university condemned racism on campus in no uncertain terms.· You've got to let him know, in no uncertain terms, that you will no longer tolerate his abuse. a job► job the work that you do regularly in order to earn money, especially when you work for an employer: · My first job was in a record store.· Daniel starts his new job on Monday.· She has a well-paid job in the tax department.get a job: · Ted got a job as a bartender.find a job (=get a job after trying to get a lot of different jobs): · Her son still hasn't been able to find a job.look for a job (=try to get one): · She's looking for a job in the music business.hold a job (=have a job): · If a woman is qualified, she should hold any job in government she wants.part-time job (=when you work less than the usual number of hours each week): · I had a part-time job while I was in college.job losses/job cuts (=when a lot of people lose their jobs): · The company announced 74,000 job cuts and 21 factory closures. ► work work that someone does regularly to earn money, either by working for an employer or working for themselves: · My father started work when he was 14.· Most people stop work when they are 65.· I usually start work each day around 9 am and finish about 6 pm.· The work's really interesting but the pay's lousy.look for work (=to try to get work): · Lena graduated from college six months ago and she's still looking for work.find work (=to get work): · He eventually found work as a labourer on a construction site.return to work/go back to work (=to start work again after several weeks, months, or years): · Women often return to work after they have had children.· His injuries have made it impossible for him to go back to work.at work (=at the place where you work): · Her mother tried to call her at home and then at work.to work (=to the place where you work): · Alexander commutes 30 miles to work each day.after/before work (=before you start or after you finish your work each day): · They sometimes play tennis after work. ► profession work such as law, medicine, or teaching, for which you need special training and education: · Many teachers are thinking about leaving the profession for more highly paid careers.the teaching/medical/legal etc profession: · There are now a lot more women in the legal profession.go into/enter a profession: · There was a big demand for accountants in the 1980s, and many graduates entered the profession at this time. ► occupation the type of work that someone usually does - used especially on official forms: · Please write your name, address, and occupation in the spaces below.· Part-time workers often work in low-paid occupations. ► business the general type of work that you do, such as buying and selling a particular type of thing: · In our business the first rule is that the customer is always right.· "What type of business are you in?'' "I run a catering company.''the newspaper/used-car/movie etc business: · The used-car business has a pretty bad reputation. ► what somebody does spoken use this to ask what someone's job is: · What does your husband do?· She used to work for an accounting firm, but I'm not sure what she does now. ► trade a skilled job in which you use your hands to do things, such as building houses, making furniture, or repairing cars: · Most of the men had worked in skilled trades such as carpentry or printing.· Young men and women can learn a trade in the military.be a bricklayer/carpenter etc by trade: · His father had been a bricklayer by trade. ► career the type of work that you do for most of your working life, which involves several similar jobs over a long period of time: · Like his father, Tommy chose a career in the Army.· Later on in his career he became first secretary at the British Embassy in Washington.· The scandal destroyed his career as a politician.career in: · I wanted to find out more about careers in publishing. ► vocation a job such as being a nurse, priest, or teacher that you do because you have a strong feeling that you want to do it, especially because you want to help people: · Nursing is hard work and often low paid, but for many people it is a vocation.· He was quite young when he decided he had a religious vocation. ► livelihood the work that you do in order to earn enough money to live on or the thing that provides the work for you to do: · Most of the people here depend on tourism for their livelihood.· Fishermen are angry about the new EC fishing regulations because they feel that their livelihood is being threatened. ► line of work/business the type of work or job that you do: · I meet some interesting people in my line of work.· Henson had to leave real-estate, which had been his line of business since 1969. ► employment when people work or have jobs - used especially in official documents, news reports etc: · I have not yet signed a contract of employment.· A Japanese company plans to set up a factory in the area, so this should provide some employment for local people.be in employment (=have a job): · Are you in full-time employment, Mr Edwards? to obey a law, rule, or custom► obey to do what a law or rule says you must do: · Drivers obey speed laws only when they think the police are near.obey the law: · All citizens must obey the law and be loyal to the Constitution.obey the rules: · She was one of those people who obeyed the rules and was never irresponsible. ► comply with formal if you comply with a law or a decision, you do what it says you must do: · Companies must comply with European employment laws.· Failure to comply with these conditions could result in prosecution. ► abide by to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may not agree with it: · Those are the rules and regulations -- we don't make them but we have to abide by them.· Players have to abide by the referee's decision.· Generally, journalists abide by an agreed code of practice. ► keep to to always obey the law or rules closely and not ignore them: · If you keep to the rules nothing can go wrong.· Keep to the law, but apart from that, do whatever you have to do to find this man.· Do you always keep to the speed limit when you're driving? ► stick to the rules informal to do something exactly as it should be done, especially so that there is no chance of anything going wrong: · Everyone in the party has a responsibility to stick to the rules agreed by the party conference.· Failure to stick to the safety rules could result in disaster. ► conform to to be correct according to a rule or regulation: · British meat products now have to conform to strict hygiene regulations.· Many classroom interactions do not conform to the rules of normal conversation. ► observe formal to take notice of and obey rules, laws, customs etc: · You can avoid danger by observing these simple rules.· Too many accidents are occurring at work because employers are not observing safety regulations.· We try to observe the local customs so that we don't offend people. ► respect formal to obey the law or customs of a place, especially because you believe it is important to obey them: · The President is expected to respect the constitution.· He's an honest, responsible citizen who respects the law and is dedicated to his family. ► toe the line to obey the rules and behave in an acceptable way in your job or in an organization, even if you do not want to, do not agree etc: · They didn't agree, but as government employees they had to toe the line.· Gail realized that she had to toe the line if she wanted to keep her job. ► go by the book/do something by the book to do something exactly according to the rules or instructions, rather than in your own way: · Police must always go completely by the book when making arrests.· My financial advisor is very straight - he does everything by the book. the official opinion of a person or group► position what a government, political party, or a person has decided to be their official or public opinion: · It's important that the Socialists clarify their position before the conference.position on: · We have made our position on disarmament perfectly clear.take a position: · She takes the position that all asylum seekers should be made welcome. ► line the publicly stated opinion of a political party, government etc, which all their members are supposed to agree with: party/government/official etc line: · The whip's job is to persuade members of his party to support the party line on issues that come before Congress.line on: · What's his line on abortion?take a line on something: · There was pressure for the President to take a tough line on welfare issues. ► stance the publicly stated opinion of a person, group, newspaper etc towards something, especially a political matter: · The political stance of the paper means it is unlikely to report the affair in a balanced way.· The official stance is that the lottery money should be used for the arts and education.stance on: · His tough stance on crime appeals to voters.take a stance on something: · The council has taken a pro-growth, pro-business stance on development issues. ► where somebody stands the publicly stated opinion of a person or group, especially when previously this may not have been clear: · Voters need to know where each candidate stands.where sb stands on: · Where do the Democrats stand on the issue of sanctions? to say that you will not do something► refuse to tell someone firmly that you will not do something they asked you to do: · I asked Stevie if she would help us, but she refused.refuse to do something: · If they refuse to leave, call the police.· The church refused to give legitimacy to the new state.flatly refuse (=refuse without explanation in a way that seems unreasonable): · Mother flatly refused to see the doctor. ► refusal when someone refuses to do something that they have been asked to do: · He was upset by her refusal.· His request for a bigger room met with a blunt refusal.refusal to do something: · She must understand the consequences of her refusal to accept medical treatment.· Refusal to do military service was a criminal offence. ► say no especially spoken to tell someone that you will not do what they asked you to do: · I asked Dad to lend me some money, but he said no.say no no: · They asked me so nicely, I couldn't really say no to them. ► will not/won't especially spoken if someone will not or won't do something that they have been asked to do or told to do, they are determined not to do it: · He won't do anything that I ask him to do.· I won't sign the contract unless they offer me more money. ► not be prepared to do something to refuse to do something - use this when you think it is wrong or unfair that anyone should expect you to do something: · I'm not prepared to wait any longer.· The landlord says that he is not prepared to pay for the repairs. ► draw the line to allow certain things, but feel that you must refuse when a particular point is reached: · Our rules about time-keeping are fairly flexible, but we have to draw the line somewhere.draw the line at: · I don't mind your brother coming to stay, but I draw the line at him moving in! ► decline formal to politely refuse to do what someone has asked you to do, especially when they have asked for your opinion or asked for information: · When asked to comment on details of the agreement, the President declined.decline to do something: · A security officer at the factory, who declined to give his name, said he had seen two men leave the building.· I asked Mr Hughes if he was satisfied with the jury's verdict but he declined to comment. in a situation where there are risks► be at risk if something is at risk, it could be harmed, destroyed or lost: · Unless funding becomes available, the entire project is at risk.be at risk of: · Wildlife along the coastline is at risk of serious pollution from the tankers.be at risk from: · The future of the party is clearly at risk from internal divisions. ► be in danger if something is in danger , especially something very important, there is a serious risk that it will be harmed, destroyed, or lost: · With the rise of the fascist right, democracy itself was in danger.be in danger of doing something: · The whole building is in danger of collapsing.· The achievements of the 1917 Revolution are now in danger of being forgotten. ► be in jeopardy if something, especially a plan, an agreement, or a relationship is in jeopardy, there is a serious risk that it will fail, be lost, or be harmed: · Negotiations have broken down, and the peace agreement is now in jeopardy.· Lessing's career in football was in jeopardy after his back surgery in July. ► be at stake if something important or valuable is at stake , there is a risk that it will be lost if something that you are doing is unsuccessful: · With a place in the final at stake, there was everything to play for.· The peace process will not end; there is too much at stake. ► be under threat if something important and valuable is under threat , there is a risk that it will be lost or destroyed unless someone takes action to stop the situation that causes it: · With so many new offices being built in London, a lot of important archaeological remains are under threat.be under threat from: · Sensitive environmental areas are under threat from urban developers.be under threat of: · Demand for coal fell, and many of the mines were under threat of closure. ► be on the line if something such as your job or people's opinion of you is on the line , there is a risk that you will lose it if you do not succeed in something that you are trying to do: · A company's reputation is on the line in the way it handles complaints.· Your job's on the line in this case - you'd better make sure you're right. to risk losing something► risk to risk losing something, especially in order to gain something else: · Companies cannot risk losing customers through computer problems.· The university has already cut its budget as much as possible without risking its quality and reputation.risk something on something: · You'd have to be crazy to risk your money on an investment like that. ► gamble/take a gamble to do something even though there is a risk of failure or loss, because you will gain a lot if it is successful: · They seem to be gambling the whole future of the compamy in return for a quick short-term profit.· If we gamble and succeed, no one will mind. But if we gamble and fail, we'll probably lose our jobs.· In 1972, NBC took a gamble and created a show featuring Redd Foxx, a black comic whose stage routines were somewhat off-color.gamble/take a gamble that: · During the drought, water companies used water from the emergency reservoirs, gambling that normal rainfall would soon fill them up again.gamble/take a gamble on: · The team took a gamble on Whitney, who is fast and an accurate player, but only five-foot-nine. ► put something on the line if you put your job, career, reputation etc on the line, you risk losing your job, reputation etc if something is not successful or if you make the wrong decision: · Whatever type of company you have, you put your reputation on the line when you handle complaint calls.· Many workers feel they may be putting their jobs on the line if they protest about safety abuses. ► stake something on to risk losing something important if the result of a plan or action is not successful: · Lincoln staked his political career on opposition to slavery.· She had staked her academic reputation on the accuracy of her research. ► speculate to buy a large amount of shares, land, or foreign money because you hope to make a big profit when you sell it, even though you risk losing your money: · Her father made his money speculating on the New York Stock Exchange.speculate in shares/land etc: · Terry speculated heavily in mining shares and lost a lot of money. to make things the same► standardize also standardise British to make sure that a particular type of product, service, activity etc is always made or done in exactly the same way: · They are standardising all the equipment throughout the area and bringing it up to British Standards safety requirements.· At first there were several competing designs of electric plug-sockets, but these were standardized in the 1920s. ► bring something into line with to change something such as a rule or system so that it is the same as another generally accepted rule or system: · Our wage levels should be brought into line with those of our competitors.· There have been calls for the total abolition of car tax, which would bring car prices into line with those in the rest of Europe. travelling or moving in a straight line► straight · Terry was so drunk he couldn't walk straight.straight ahead/down/towards etc · If you look straight ahead, you'll see the church in the distance.· Jane was walking purposefully along the hall, straight towards us. ► go straight on British /go straight American spoken to continue travelling ahead in the same direction as before, without turning left or right - use this when you are telling people which way to go: · When you get to the intersection, go straight.· Keep going straight on through the town and when you come to the school, turn left. ► in a straight line if something moves in a straight line , it does not turn to the left or to the right: · Light always travels in a straight line.· It's difficult to walk in a straight line with your eyes closed. ► direct going straight from one place to another without changing direction: · Which is the most direct route to London from here?· The Chin tracks in India follow the most direct line between villages, regardless of gradient. ► as the crow flies following a straight line between two places - use this to say what is the shortest possible distance between them: · The distance between the two towns is only 10 kilometres as the crow flies, but it can take up to 2 hours along the narrow coastal road. to write a letter or message► write to write someone a letter: · Sorry, I haven't had time to write.· Keith hasn't written for a while.write a letter/postcard etc to somebody: · I try to write a cheerful letter to her at least once a week.· We wrote about 20 postcards while we were in Greece.· I wasn't happy, so I wrote a nasty letter asking for my money back.write to: · He wrote to his father, asking for more money.write somebody American (=write a letter to someone): · I just wrote him saying how much I missed him being around.write back (=write a letter to someone after they have written one to you): · Why didn't you write back?write in (=to write and send a letter to an organization): · A lot of listeners wrote in and complained about the programme. ► write off to write a letter and send it in order to buy something, take part in a competition, have something sent to you etc: write off for something: · Write off today for your free Batman poster!write off to somebody: · I wrote off to Friends of the Earth and they sent me some leaflets. ► e-mail also email to send someone a message using the Internet: · Please e-mail your CV to the address below.e-mail somebody: · So, if you e-mail someone in California, you only pay local phone rates.e-mail somebody with something: · She e-mailed me with her new address, but I deleted it by mistake. ► drop somebody a line spoken informal to send someone a letter: · Why don't you give me a call or drop me a line sometime?· What do you think? Drop me a line at the Washington Post Weekend section and share your thoughts. ► get in touch with somebody to write to someone, or phone them, especially someone you have not seen or written to for a long time: · I'd love to get in touch with Monique again. Do you have her new address?· We help adopted children who want to get in touch with their natural parents. ► contact to write to someone that you do not know, or phone them, especially in order to ask for help or information: · Elsa contacted several companies to ask if they could offer her part-time work.· If the problem continues, try contacting a software expert. ► keep/stay in touch to continue to write to someone or phone them, when you no longer work with them or live near them: · I met Pia in Sweden and we've stayed in touch ever since.keep/stay in touch with: · Do you keep in touch with any of your friends from school? ► correspond formal to write letters to someone and receive letters from them, especially regularly: · They started to correspond two years ago. correspond with: · I'm a 21-year old Kenyan student who wishes to correspond with students from Britain or the US. WORD SETS► Cleaningbin, nounbin liner, nounboil, verbborax, nounBrillo pad, nounbroom, nounbroomstick, nouncarpet sweeper, nounchar, verbchar, nouncharlady, nouncharwoman, nounchimney sweep, nouncleaner, nouncleanser, nounclothes basket, nounclothesline, nounclothes peg, nounconditioner, noundeodorize, verbdescale, verbdisinfect, verbdisinfectant, noundry-clean, verbdust, verbduster, noundustpan, nounfabric softener, nounfeather duster, nounflush, verbFrench polish, nounfumigate, verbhamper, nounHoover, nounhoover, verbhygiene, nounhygienic, adjectivekitchen roll, nounlaundry basket, nounlimescale, nounline, nounload, nounmangle, nounmop, nounmop, verbpolish, nounrag, nounrinse, verbrinse, nounsanitary, adjectivesanitation, nounscour, verbscourer, nounscrub, verbscrub, nounscrubbing brush, nounshampoo, nounsoak, verbsoak, nounsoapflakes, nounsoap powder, nounsoapsuds, nounsoapy, adjectivesoda, nounsoftener, nounspin, verbspin-dryer, nounsqueegee, nounstarch, verbsuds, nounswab, verbsweep, verbsweep, nounsweeper, nounsweepings, nounswill, verbswill, nountea cloth, nountea towel, nountide-mark, nounturpentine, nounturps, nounvacuum, nounvacuum, verbvacuum cleaner, nounwash, nounwashable, adjectivewashboard, nounwashcloth, nounwashday, nounwasher, nounwasher-dryer, nounwashing, nounwashing line, nounwashing machine, nounwashing powder, nounwashing soda, nounwashing-up, nounwashing-up liquid, nounwashtub, nounwhisk broom, nounwindow cleaner, nounwipe, verbwire wool, nounwring, verbwringer, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► straight line Phrases Draw a straight line across the top of the page. ► dotted line Sign your name on the dotted line (=line made up of a series of dots). ► county/state line American English He was born in a small town just across the state line. ► line of latitude/longitude They were still travelling along the same line of longitude. ► standing in a line The four men were standing in a line on the other side of the table. ► out of line A couple of the posts were out of line (=not in a straight row). ► stand/wait in line Customers stood in line for 20 minutes at the cash register. ► cut in line He tried to cut in line (=go in front of other people who are waiting). ► next in line The woman next in line began to mutter to herself. ► in a straight line Light travels in a straight line. ► line of vision A boat came into my line of vision (=the direction I was looking in). ► line of fire/attack/movement etc (=the direction in which someone shoots, attacks, moves etc) I was directly in the animal’s line of attack. ► supply lines They knew they needed to block their enemy’s supply lines (=the direction used for carrying supplies of food etc). ► deep lines She frowned, and deep lines appeared between her eyebrows. ► fine lines There were fine lines around her eyes. ► the line is busy I’m sorry, the line is busy (=someone is already using it). ► on the line There seems to be a fault on the line. ► the line went dead There was a click, then the line went dead (=suddenly stopped working completely). ► on the line Henry is on the line (=on the phone) from New York. ► got on the line to I got on the line to (=phoned) the hospital as soon as I heard about the accident. ► get off the line I wished he would just get off the line. ► bad line I’m sorry, it’s a bad line and I can’t hear you. ► Hold the line Hold the line (=wait on the phone), please, and I’ll put you through to our sales department. ► railway line British English, railroad line American English The trail follows a disused railroad line along the edge of the valley. ► fine line There is a fine line between superstition and religion. ► dividing line The dividing line between luxuries and necessities is constantly changing. ► draw the line Sometimes he found it hard to draw the line between work and pleasure. ► cross the line Her remarks did not quite cross the line into rudeness. ► poverty line Large numbers of families are living on or near the poverty line (=the point at which people are considered to be very poor). ► chat-up lines This was one of his favourite chat-up lines (=remark for impressing someone you want to attract). ► learn ... lines It always took me ages to learn my lines. ► the official line Journalists are often too willing to accept the official line (=the opinion that a government states officially). ► the party line He found it hard to accept the party line (=the official opinion of a political party) on every issue. ► take a tough/firm/hard line on something The school takes a very tough line on drugs. ► line of argument/reasoning/inquiry etc It seemed useless to pursue this line of questioning. Opposition parties soon realized they would have to try a different line of attack. ► following ... lines The police are following several different lines of enquiry. ► along the same lines We were both thinking along the same lines (=in the same way). ► along ... lines In South Africa, the press developed along very different lines (=in a very different way). ► on these lines More groups will now be set up on these lines (=this way). ► on the right lines The company’s rapid success means it’s definitely on the right lines (=doing something the right way). ► long line This is the latest in a long line of political scandals. ► front line young soldiers who were sent to the front line to fight ► enemy lines One regiment was trapped behind enemy lines. ► behind the lines Reinforcements were available just behind the lines. ► line of command Decisions are taken by senior officers and fed down through the line of command to the ordinary soldiers. ► lower down the line There should be more direct discussion between managers and workers lower down the line. ► washing line She hung the clothes out on the washing line (=line for hanging wet clothes on to dry). ► fishing line The fishing line (=line for catching fish) snapped and the fish got away. ► along the lines of We usually start with general questions along the lines of, ‘How do you feel?’ ► something along those lines They’re trying to organize a trip to the beach or something along those lines. ► split along ... lines The committee was split along party lines. ► divided along ... lines The community remains divided along religious lines. ► get/step out of line Anybody who steps out of line will be in deep trouble. ► first/second/next etc in line for He must be first in line for the editor’s job. ► put yourself/your neck on the line (for somebody) (=risk something bad happening to you) I’ve already put myself on the line for you once, and I’m not going to do it again. ► the male/female line This particular gene is passed down through the male line. ► line of succession (=the system by which an important position or property is passed from a parent to their children, and then to their children etc) Henry the Eighth wanted a male heir to ensure the Tudor line of succession. ► line of work/business What line of business is he in? ► in the building/retail etc line She’s keen to do something in the fashion line. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a boundary line· There was some disagreement about the exact position of the boundary line. ► branch line The rail company may have to close the branch line to Uckfield. ► the chain/line of command (=a system of passing decisions from people at the the top to the bottom)· Our company has a traditional management chain of command. ► a line/channel of communication (=a way of exchanging information, especially in an organization)· It's important to maintain good lines of communication between managers and staff. ► a commuter line (=a railway line that commuters use)· There’s a fast and reliable commuter line across Kent. ► crossed line I phoned him up and got a crossed line. ► a crowd lines the street/route etc· A crowd lined the street to catch a glimpse of the president. ► a cruise line/operator (=company that provides cruises) ► lines of demarcation traditional lines of demarcation between medicine and surgery ► a line drawing (=consisting only of lines)· The front cover had a line drawing of a girl on the beach. ► behind enemy lines (=behind the edge of an area that is controlled by an enemy army)· Men from the First Airborne Division were dropped behind enemy lines. ► line ... engaged She rang Mrs Tavett but the line was engaged. ► wrinkled/lined face (=with a lot of small lines, especially because of old age)· His wrinkled face must once have been handsome. ► crossed the finish line James crossed the finish line in just under four minutes. ► the front of the line/queue It took ages to get to the front of the queue. ► a line graph· A line graph is a way of presenting figures in visual form. ► take/adopt a hard line (on something) The school takes a very hard line on drugs. ► Lay it on the line Lay it on the line and tell them what’s really been happening. ► learn ... lines The actors hardly had time to learn their lines before filming started. ► starting line-up This was his first match in the starting line-up (=the players who begin the game). ► long line a long line of people ► the melody line (=the melody, compared to the other parts of the music)· The melody line is often set too high for people singing in church. ► lined paper (=printed with horizontal lines, for writing)· a note written on lined paper ► follow/toe the party line (=to support the official opinion) He refused to toe the party line. ► a phone line (=a telephone wire or connection)· Listeners jammed the phone lines, demanding to hear the song. ► cross ... picket line Very few workers were willing to cross the picket line. ► a line of poetry· She often quoted lines of poetry. ► a product range/line (=the range of things that a company makes and sells)· We want to broaden the company’s product line. ► line rental British English (=the money that you pay to use a telephone line) ► sleek lines the sleek lines of the new Mercedes ► taking a soft line Courts have been taking a soft line (=not being strict enough) with young offenders. ► in a straight line They sat down in a straight line. ► a telephone line· They didn’t even have a telephone line. ► next in line to the throne He is next in line to the throne (=will become king when the present ruler dies). ► taking a tough line The EU is taking a tough line with the UK over this issue. ► vertical line a vertical line ► somebody’s line of work (=type of work)· I meet lots of interesting people in my line of work. ► double yellow lines (=two lines of paint that mean you cannot park there at any time) COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► bottom· The bottom line to private investment remains, as always, the extent and nature of government funding.· The bottom line is, these things are very, very rare events.· What do these figures do for the bottom line?· For avoiding trouble instead of expanding it to force-feed the bottom line?· But for the Thorn deal cash, the bottom line would have looked very shaky.· But the bottom line to consider when tasting wine is whether or not you actually like it.· Changing society may be harder than changing the workplace, which, after all, is driven by the bottom line. ► dotted· I have outlined its possible shape with dotted lines, but, of course, this is pure guess-work.· The quickest way to do this is to rub out dotted lines on a map.· The dotted line in each diagram separates the superior courts from the inferior courts.· The three dotted lines have different elevations and denote differences in relative organ size associated with changes in life style.· In b the slope of each dotted line is less than unity - in each case denoting negative allometry.· But how many of these companies forget about you once you've signed on the dotted line.· Protein residues in contact are also shown, with hydrogen bonds as dotted lines.· The dotted line A-C-D - E represents the only sensible route. ► fine· Under Eye Anti-Wrinkle Patches, £3.95, smooth out fine lines and reduce puffiness in just 30 minutes.· I could trace its movements, the deep strokes, the fine, deft lines.· This is indeed treading the fine line between glory and disaster.· The charcoal glen plaids are distinctive for their fine royal blue lines.· Terror was the key, of course, for there's a fine line between paralysing dread and galvanising fright.· I was walking a fine line between my old community and my new school.· The final section considers the fine line between the explication of research methodology and confession.· Mr Rubin is walking a fine line. ► front· He had apparently been caught by a gas attack some way behind the front line.· Or his practice of filming in the front line, and even beyond the front line?· Three miles behind the front line they were on a prepared road with ditches on either side.· Today's war on drugs is taken to the front lines with a Magnolia storytelling style and a Three Kings look.· For most of the game they were able quite comfortably to hold the Norwich front line.· It seemed that we had more NCOs dodging duty back in Cu Chi than we did in the front lines.· Still walking east, the party were aware that they were almost at the front line and had to proceed with caution.· Warren Goss was among the Federals who were hugging the ground in the front lines. ► hard· When we power dressed we made our bodies look angular and more aggressive, with hard, sharp lines.· But the Clinton administration is still taking a hard line.· Use a cotton bud to blend the colours together, so there are no hard lines.· Every few minutes, she would pause to look me over, to see if there were hard lines that needed rearrangement.· For both sides in this conflict have returned to the hardest of hard lines.· There was speculation that pragmatists within the party opposed the hard-line stance of its Swadeshi Jagran Manch lobby.· Thereafter, it was fostered by de Gaulle's staunch support of Adenauer's hard line on Berlin.· But both sides are taking a hard line. ► long· They were towing a desert manta on a long black line.· After the game he joined his teammates in a long line as they slapped hands with their opponents.· The Bill is the latest in a long line of measures to protect society from criminals and to improve the penal system.· The high gas prices and long lines were prolonged by government interference in the private sector.· As Hyacinth walked, the long line of hotels, great and small, disgorged its residents on to an increasingly crowded pavement.· One more in a long line of Evans's inventions.· In Teheran poor peoples wait in long lines in the snow for paraffin.· Wait in a very long line. ► main· The dissenters pursue four main lines of attack.· A main water line to the Coliseum burst Sunday afternoon, leaving the building without running water.· The West Coast main line was electrified in the 1960s and much rolling stock is 15 to 20 years old.· On the main line, the remorseless reduction in fleet sizes resulted in Mark 3 vehicles steadily being more predominant.· The Great Central is Britain's only preserved main line railway.· In a switched-star system, only main trunk lines need handle the full range of signals, to and from subscribers.· Gorman worked on the Railway as a platelayer and as such, occupied a small cottage maybe 200yd away from the main line.· What are the main lines of enquiry you intend to pursue? ► new· New line, ie Shift+Enter starts a new line without starting a new paragraph.· The new legislative lines could be dramatically different from the current boundaries.· These have to be tested and followed up in new lines of inquiry.· Gene was general manager and Paul vice-president of the new line.· The original estimates are joined to the new ones by lines.· If Clinton finds that bipartisanship sells throughout the primary season, maybe thinking along new lines will become possible.· After laying 95 metres of new line, Skorupka's line met and the connection was made.· We talked for about an hour about his new makeup line. ► straight· Our screwed up eyes imagined they say a straight line in the bottom of Central Gully.· We fell into position forming a straight line with Orange One and Orange Three after he took the controls.· All objects have a propensity to move in straight lines, upwards or downwards, towards their natural place.· The company introduced a Missioninspired recliner with straight lines and vertical slats.· Always travelling in the same direction - a straight line.· As long as he moved in a straight line at a uniform speed, he felt a wonderful sense of buoyancy.· Great circle routes plot as straight lines on some map projections such as the Gnomonic.· The two wrote their original Burns and Allen bits with Gracie delivering the straight lines and George telling the wayward stories. ► tough· The Home Secretary, David Blunkett, took a tough line, saying that he would not tolerate wanton destruction and violence.· Jack is not discouraged by her tough line.· Tough line: Langbaurgh Council is to take a tougher line with tenants who harass their neighbours.· On the other side, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright took a similarly tough line.· Whereas the United States was in favour of taking a tough line, Britain argued that economic aid should not be stopped.· They stressed that it was vital that environmental groups took a very tough line with the industry right at the outset.· If she had taken a tougher line with them at once, they would have known where to stop.· The Profitboss takes a tough line on sub-contracting - a money line. ► vertical· Opposing lines - the cross A vertical line is highly energetic in its defiance of gravity.· The unit immediately locates the nearest station, with a vertical green line traversing a gray screen until locking into a signal.· At the printing stage the four slightly different images are optically sliced into vertical lines.· The point or date of the intervention is represented on the graph by a solid vertical line.· This temperature drop is represented by the vertical line DD' in the phase diagram.· There is a vertical line in spirituality that goes from the beast to the angel, and on which we oscillate.· Align to line up typeset or other graphic material as specified, using a base or vertical line as the reference point.· Install joist hangers on each vertical line, lining up the bottom of the hanger with the bottom of the ledger. ► yellow· And it has also got rid of the yellow lines which once scarred them.· She had driven slowly forward to the yellow demarcation line and the frightening folds of barbed wire.· And collapse in the center of the boulevard, on the double yellow line.· A double-yellow line garages and fuel stops.· I had to drive over the double yellow line to pass them.· I parked Armstrong on double yellow lines outside her shop and dived in.· A golden yellow line replaces that of the Redline Rasbora, and follows an almost identical path from nose to tail. NOUN► assembly· New industrial methods based on assembly lines and continuous processes were typically more dependent on electricity than the ones they replaced.· Twenty-four hours may be adequate in a laboratory, but not on an assembly line.· A group of Benn's assembly line girls came in, joined them for half an hour, and went out again.· The challenge was to find domestic workers who would help the supplier set up an assembly line for fishing rods.· Manufacturing engineer working on assembly line design.· He was proud of his fully mechanized assembly line and wanted to show it off.· The inherent frustrations of assembly line work are also to be found in housework.· Boeing blamed late aircraft deliveries, snarled assembly lines and shortages of parts and skilled labor for the loss. ► branch· Yet it does retain a branch line to Uckfield in East Sussex.· Manchester 765 seen operating here in Heaton Park, Manchester on a former tramway branch line into the park. 3.· That branch line of decision-making is there.· Away to the north, curving smoothly, stretched a branch line that Holly could see illuminated by the arc lights.· Teviot Bridge near Roxburgh on the former St Boswells-Kelso-Tweedmouth branch line.· West Cranmore Station Somerset typical of the rural branch lines of the country.· Such branch lines are of course vulnerable to changes in output level or distribution policy of their users. ► finish· It will only slow you down on the sprint to the finish line.· Past leaders of the pack have even been known to hold hands in order to cross the finish line together.· The person who crosses the finish line first in a race has definitely had the most superior performance that day.· Golden Larch got up and galloped to the finish line.· Join in the sense of achievement as Maiden crosses the finish line off Southampton.· Life is a Sisyphean race, run ever faster toward a finish line that is merely the start of the next race.· Day 14 Regatta day circumnavigating Skorpios, finish line by Nidri quay.· In the global economy, competitiveness is a race with no finish line, and gains in competitiveness are fleeting. ► manager· One passionate advocate of appraisals is Canon Hardaker, whose lucid guidelines should be compulsory reading for many a line manager.· They fail to court line managers in the operating groups who make the major decisions.· Your line manager will also discuss and agree realistic objectives with you.· What do staff and line managers expect from an organization?· During the time they have off they are kept in touch with what is going on at work by their line manager.· All these convey an organisational unit headed by a line manager.· Nate Cocello allowed a knowing smile to cross his face at what he knew would be the natural reactions of line managers.· That's why the Quality in action workshop is designed to be delivered by line managers to their own staff. ► phone· The big bookies' credit office phone lines were red hot.· Power and phone lines striated the sky.· The three phone lines would remain open to take his call, and tapped.· The actual amount of data going over the phone line is quite small.· Prestel is accessed through ordinary phone lines, always at the cost of a local call.· But with digital instruments and digital storage, the data could be transferred through phone lines from the source to the computer.· The National Autistic Society will now operate a phone line for families in the region affected by autism.· And the phone lines to the Cities were busy all evening. ► picket· Things are quiet on the picket line on this Sunday afternoon.· The picket line was supplemented by daily long-range air patrols by naval aircraft.· On the picket lines themselves, the police made uncompromising use of the discretion available to them under public-order law.· The latter was happy to be walking the fairways of Sandwich instead of battling with strikers on the picket lines.· Now get this: the other workers respected the picket line.· Hundreds of trade unionists came day after day to support the Grunwick strikers on the picket line.· Crossing a picket line, making your own deal. ► poverty· Rowntree's stringent poverty line produced remarkably similar results to those of Booth.· For a family of four, the current poverty line stands at about $ 16, 000.· New statistics hurled at us: 70 percent of our fellow citizens live below the poverty line.· In examining the issue of the working poor, it is essential to examine the poverty line.· On the other hand, a third of the retired today live at or below the poverty line.· It would cover families with incomes of up to 300 percent of the poverty line.· Surveys revealed that a third of the population lived below the poverty line. ► power· They look like jittery, hysterical little birds crowded together on a power line.· Fires by the hundreds, ignited by overturned stoves and furnaces and downed electric power lines, sprang up in the ruins.· In total some 4,200 metres of 33,000 volt and 11,000 volt power lines were re-routed along the southern boundary of the bypass.· Downed power lines resulted in traffic congestion because of intersections without traffic lights.· Hypothesis Power lines, cancer and cyclotron resonance Living close to overhead power lines may increase the risk of cancer in humans.· Lightning or high winds can knock branches or whole trees on to power lines, cutting the electricity to an entire neighborhood.· Living close to overhead power lines may increase the risk of cancer.· He looked beyond the gate to the street, where three cars had floated into a heap under a swinging power line. ► product· This procedure assumes the use of a standard costing system in an established product line.· There will be about 15 management heads along product lines, with specialization on a regional basis, depending on demand.· To keep track of all the various product lines, companies structured according to specialized functions.· The company has been making tuning devices for over thirty years and the R450 is the latest in their product line.· It will be interesting to see how the two company's product lines merge.· That product line now produces over 20 percent of our net profits. ► production· I was allowed to work on my own rather than in the production line.· They first came off the production line in 1988.· Education is not a production line, teachers are not operatives, and assessment is more than quality control.· The team approach is used in every activity, not just on the production line.· Mass production had begun with the installation by Henry Ford of the moving production line at his Highland Park plant.· In a human pharmaceutical factory the synthesis of a useful chemical needs a production line.· The P5 will share the same production lines as the 80486.· Every job we lose now, every factory we close, every production line that stops producing, means more imports later. ► railway· As they came closer, Harry made out a railway line snaking through farms to a long pier.· This, of course, is an issue very much apparent in the fortunes of local railway lines at the present day.· Steam on the kitchen window cuts off the railway lines, making the tiny kitchen for once a friendly place.· The route is waymarked throughout its length and uses footpaths, sections of disused railway line and some minor roads.· Closures of railway lines had been taking place for many years, accelerated by the growing availability of cars in the 1950s. ► story· Can I say also what a load of rubbish the story lines are in Coronation Street at the moment.· Chapter books require that we and our children maintain our hold on the story line over the duration of the reading period.· But now they have gone, the story line has gone from strength to strength.· This simple story line was elaborated in the works of Hesiod, Aeschylus, Lucian, Ovid, and others.· It can make a story line clearer, which is always an advantage.· They write you better story lines, you work more episodes, get more attention.· My second book, although it has used the same idea of telekinetic powers, has a completely different story line.· The singer of popular song lyrics is a storyteller, and must communicate that story line in a personal, intimate way. ► telephone· For example, the speech we hear over a telephone line is perfectly understandable.· The mailbag and telephone line brought many criticisms.· To prevent that, his practice installed a new telephone line and instituted a policy of returning calls within five minutes.· He'd had a separate telephone line installed; she lived with that.· The assailants had also cut her telephone lines.· The latest news down the telephone line is that Madonna has just bought one.· The office now has two dedicated telephone lines as well as connection to the main switchboard. VERB► build· The saliva dries and hardens quickly and with repeated flights, the bird slowly builds up the line into a low wall.· Beck was not proposing public ownership of the generating plants, but he did want the province to build the transmission lines.· We want to build a line which will connect Seatown with the big cities.· In Crete Vincent Scully found a repeating pattern of palaces and towns built in line with horned mountains.· The Stadio Olimpico, a stone's throw from the Tiber, is built on gladiatorial lines.· We go up to Loc Ninh, then we build a line to Phnom Penh. ► cross· Like the Robinson-Pattisson connection they could also easily cross lines of religious affiliation.· Past leaders of the pack have even been known to hold hands in order to cross the finish line together.· He crossed the line in three hours 44 minutes.· In their studio, gritty Delta edges were given a smooth, appealing, urban sheen that crossed easily over racial lines.· In December the Red Cross persuaded both sides to allow it to cross their battle lines.· It showed the puck crossing the goal line at 19: 59. 9.· Safely over the down line, she started to cross the up line, but stumbled and fell.· These potential sources of emerging infections are diverse and cross the lines of various scientific disciplines and government agency responsibilities. ► divide· The Council, said the author, should not be reported as if it was divided along party lines.· In 1845 the congregational Baptist church also divided on sectional lines, never to reunite.· There, politics and politicians frequently divide along racial lines.· The dividing line on approval of FoxTrax appears clear.· It serves, in the gospel of Mark as a kind of water shed, a dividing line in his gospel.· A border is a dividing line marking an abrupt shift between two separate, sometimes antagonistic, entities.· We were on the dividing line between the inshore waters and the Kuroshio.· One must insist on this clear dividing line between the two stages of writing. ► draw· Q&A lets you draw boxes and lines on your document and do the usual text enhancements, like bold, italic and so on.· Mr Clinton drew the line at around $ 52 billion.· The future of a culture may depend on where and how it draws the line.· He desperately needs to draw a sharper line here.· She had asked to borrow his pyjama bottoms but he drew the line at that.· The difficulty in drawing this intellectual line, however, is daunting.· The prisoner sat at a small table, drawing lines on a piece of paper. ► follow· More expensive systems use laser beams to follow lines.· The hot-air balloon skims along a wash, following the narrow line of trees and bushes across the desert.· The lower props are horizontal; the topmost prop is curved to follow the line of the girder.· The priesthood built itself and if we help it along we are only following the line of least resistance.· From here to the village of Sherrif Hutton the Way follows the line of the river.· Apart from pilgrimage churches, most examples follow certain general lines.· The political story gave indications of following along parallel lines.· Few London-bound travellers follow their line today and much of the road is a relatively minor one. ► read· He read the few lines through, then closed his eyes for a moment before reading aloud.· He would read only one line, just the opening, something to sustain him.· Simon presents his story in a typically heroic manner, so I have to read between the lines.· She reads zigzag lines in the dirt that the Ant Family has written and copies the words into her purple notepad.· Frequently it is necessary to read between the lines.· Jody goes over the two faxes again, this time slowly, trying to read between the lines.· They could use speed control to read each line before the next comes up.· He reads a few lines and stops short. ► stand· Joshua Morris left the hall and stood in line for a cup of Gold Blend.· People used to stand in line to buy luxury high-rise units.· Outside the front door of the school stood a line of teachers wearing the same robes as the Headmaster.· Oswald stood at the white line, looking away.· Instead I take another coffee, standing in line amongst some very fat people.· He stood at the white line and waited.· Paisley stood on a picket line outside the Ballylumford power station in Larne and tried to persuade workers not to go in.· You squeeze by several dozen other people who are standing in line to enter.... PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► along these/those lines 1on paper/on the ground [countable] a long thin mark on a piece of paper, the ground, or another surface: Draw a straight line across the top of the page. Sign your name on the dotted line (=line made up of a series of dots). The edges of the pitch are marked by white lines. The goalkeeper just managed to stop the ball going over the line. He raced towards the finishing line.2between two areas [countable] an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, for example showing where one country or area of land stops and another beginscounty/state line American English He was born in a small town just across the state line.line of latitude/longitude They were still travelling along the same line of longitude.► see thesaurus at border → International Date Line3of people/things [countable] a)a row of people or things next to each otherline of There was a line of fir trees on either side of the road. The four men were standing in a line on the other side of the table. A couple of the posts were out of line (=not in a straight row). b) especially American English a row of people, cars etc that are waiting one behind the other SYN queue British English: I looked in despair at the long line in front of the ticket office.line of I joined the line of vehicles waiting to get into the car park.stand/wait in line Customers stood in line for 20 minutes at the cash register. He tried to cut in line (=go in front of other people who are waiting). The woman next in line began to mutter to herself.4direction [countable] the direction or imaginary line along which something travels between two places: Light travels in a straight line. A boat came into my line of vision (=the direction I was looking in).line of fire/attack/movement etc (=the direction in which someone shoots, attacks, moves etc) I was directly in the animal’s line of attack. They knew they needed to block their enemy’s supply lines (=the direction used for carrying supplies of food etc).5on your face [countable] a line on the skin of someone’s face → wrinkle: She frowned, and deep lines appeared between her eyebrows. There were fine lines around her eyes. No one can avoid lines and wrinkles as they get older.6phone [countable] a telephone wire or connection: I’m sorry, the line is busy (=someone is already using it). There seems to be a fault on the line. There was a click, then the line went dead (=suddenly stopped working completely). Henry is on the line (=on the phone) from New York. I got on the line to (=phoned) the hospital as soon as I heard about the accident. I wished he would just get off the line. I’m sorry, it’s a bad line and I can’t hear you. Hold the line (=wait on the phone), please, and I’ll put you through to our sales department. Do you have a separate line for your modem?7for trains [countable] a track that a train travels along: We were delayed because of a problem further along the line. When you get to central London, take the Victoria Line to Finsbury Park.railway line British English, railroad line American English The trail follows a disused railroad line along the edge of the valley.8between two types of thing [countable usually singular] the point at which one type of thing can be considered to be something else or at which it becomes a particular thingline between There is a fine line between superstition and religion. The dividing line between luxuries and necessities is constantly changing. Sometimes he found it hard to draw the line between work and pleasure. Her remarks did not quite cross the line into rudeness. Large numbers of families are living on or near the poverty line (=the point at which people are considered to be very poor).9shape/edge [countable usually plural] the outer shape of something long or tall: She was wearing a loose dress which softened the lines of her body. a modern building with clean, elegant lines.10words [countable] a)a line of written words, for example in a poem or a document: He quoted a few lines from Shakespeare. Scroll down to line 29. b)a remark: He liked to introduce himself with a witty opening line. This was one of his favourite chat-up lines (=remark for impressing someone you want to attract). c)[usually plural] words that someone has to learn and say as part of a play or performance: Paul often messed up his lines. It always took me ages to learn my lines.11opinion/attitude [singular] an opinion or attitude, especially one that someone states publicly and that influences their actionsline on I can’t agree with the government’s line on immigration. Journalists are often too willing to accept the official line (=the opinion that a government states officially). He found it hard to accept the party line (=the official opinion of a political party) on every issue.take a tough/firm/hard line on something The school takes a very tough line on drugs. → toe the line at toe212way of doing something [countable] a particular way of doing something or of thinking about somethingline of argument/reasoning/inquiry etc It seemed useless to pursue this line of questioning. Opposition parties soon realized they would have to try a different line of attack. The police are following several different lines of enquiry. We were both thinking along the same lines (=in the same way). In South Africa, the press developed along very different lines (=in a very different way). More groups will now be set up on these lines (=this way). The company’s rapid success means it’s definitely on the right lines (=doing something the right way).13series of events [countable usually singular] a series of events that follow each otherline of This is the latest in a long line of political scandals.14in a war [countable] the edge of an area that is controlled by an army, where soldiers stay and try to prevent their enemy from moving forward: They finally broke through the German line. young soldiers who were sent to the front line to fight One regiment was trapped behind enemy lines. Reinforcements were available just behind the lines.15in a company/organization [countable] a series of levels of authority within an organization: Decisions are taken by senior officers and fed down through the line of command to the ordinary soldiers. There should be more direct discussion between managers and workers lower down the line. → line manager16of rope/wire [countable] a piece of strong string, rope, or wire used for a particular purpose: She hung the clothes out on the washing line (=line for hanging wet clothes on to dry). The fishing line (=line for catching fish) snapped and the fish got away.17product [countable] a type of goods for sale in a shop: The company has just launched a new line of small, low-priced computers.18along these/those lines (also along the lines of something) similar to something else: We usually start with general questions along the lines of, ‘How do you feel?’ They’re trying to organize a trip to the beach or something along those lines.19along religious/ethnic/party etc lines if people divide along religious, party etc lines, they divide according to the religion, political party, or other group they belong to: The committee was split along party lines. The community remains divided along religious lines.20on line a)using a computer to get information or to communicate with people: You can book tickets on line. Most of our sales staff now work on line. → online b)working properly as planned: a new nuclear reactor which should be on line by 2005 If there is a power failure, the emergency generators should come on line within 15 minutes.21drop somebody a line informal to write a short letter or email to someone: Drop me a line and let me know how you’re getting on.22don’t give me that line spoken used to say that you do not believe someone’s excuse: I know for a fact you weren’t sick yesterday, so don’t give me that line.23fall into line/bring somebody into line informal to start to do what someone else wants you to do, or to make someone do this: Now that France and Germany have signed up, other countries will soon fall into line. The few party rebels were soon brought into line.24in line with something if something changes in line with something else, it changes in the same way and at the same rate as it: Pensions will be increased in line with inflation.25bring something into line with something to change a system so that it works according to a particular set of rules, laws etc: UK immigration procedures will have to be changed to bring them into line with the latest European ruling.26be out of line informal a)to say or do something that is not acceptable in a particular situation: You just keep quiet! You’re way out of line. b)to not obey someone, or to do something that you should not doget/step out of line Anybody who steps out of line will be in deep trouble.27be in line for something/be in line to do something to be very likely to get or be given something: I should be in line for promotion soon.first/second/next etc in line for He must be first in line for the editor’s job.28be first/second/next etc in line to the throne to be the person who has a right to become a future king or queen: As the eldest son, he was next in line to the throne.29be on the line if something important is on the line, there is a risk that you might lose it or something bad could happen to it: From now on, all our jobs are on the line. She knew that her whole future was on the line.put yourself/your neck on the line (for somebody) (=risk something bad happening to you) I’ve already put myself on the line for you once, and I’m not going to do it again.30be in somebody’s line informal to be the type of thing that someone is interested in or good at: Acting’s not really in my line, I’m afraid.31get a line on somebody/something especially American English informal to get information about someone or something: We need to get some kind of a line on these guys.32somewhere along the line informal at some time during an activity or period of time: Somewhere along the line, Errol seemed to have lost interest in her.33down the line informal later, after an activity or situation has been continuing for a period of time: There may be more costs further down the line. Now, three years down the line, we’re beginning to see the problems with the treatment.34in the line of duty happening or done as part of your job: firefighters dying in the line of duty35be in the firing line/in the line of fire a)to be one of the people who could be criticized or blamed for something: As one of the president’s chief advisers, he’s bound to be in the firing line. b)to be in a place where a bullet etc might hit you: A couple of civilians were caught in the firing line.36punishment lines [plural] British English a punishment given to school children that consists of writing the same thing a lot of times: He got 50 lines for being cheeky to a teacher.37family [singular] your family, considered as the people you are related to who lived before you and the people who will live after you: She comes from a long line of actors. It looks as if Joe might be the last of the line (=the last in his family).the male/female line This particular gene is passed down through the male line.line of succession (=the system by which an important position or property is passed from a parent to their children, and then to their children etc) Henry the Eighth wanted a male heir to ensure the Tudor line of succession.38job [countable usually singular] the type of work someone doesline of work/business What line of business is he in?in the building/retail etc line She’s keen to do something in the fashion line.39transport [countable] a company that provides transport for moving goods by sea, air, road etc: He runs a transatlantic shipping line.40drug [countable] informal an amount of an illegal drug in powder form, arranged in a line so it can be breathed in through the nose → draw the line at at draw1(16), → draw a line (between something) at draw1(15), → where do you draw the line? at draw1(17), → draw a line under something at draw1(18), → hard line at hard1(21), → hook, line and sinker at hook1(9), → lay something on the line at lay2(18), → picket line, → the poverty line/level at poverty(2), → read between the lines at read1(14)THESAURUSon the ground/on the surface of somethingline a long thin mark on a piece of paper, the ground, or another surface: · The teacher put a red line through the first sentence.· If the ball goes over the line, it’s out of play.groove a thin line that has been cut into a surface: · Deep grooves had been cut into the stone to channel the water.· Lyle ran his fingernail along the groove in the table.rut a deep line in the ground which has been made by the wheels of vehicles: · The deep ruts made by the trucks were full of water.· The tractor’s wheels caught a rut in the field and jolted him.crease/wrinkle a line on clothes, material, or paper where it has been folded or crushed: · She was trying to smooth out the creases in her dress.· She had wrinkles in her skirt where she had sat.on someone’s faceline a line on the skin of someone’s face: · The deep lines on his forehead showed that he was a worried man.wrinkle a deep line on someone’s face caused by becoming old: · The manufacturers claim that the cream will reduce wrinkles.· Even with a few wrinkles, she still looks great.
line1 nounline2 verb lineline2 ●●○ verb [transitive] Word OriginWORD ORIGINline2 Verb TableOrigin: 1300-1400 line ‘flax’, from Old English lin; ➔ LINENVERB TABLE line
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatora line on paper► line Collocations a long, thin, continuous mark on a surface: · The teacher had put a red line through the first sentence.· Mike drew a line along the wall to show where the tiles would come up to.straight line: · Use your ruler to draw a straight line. ► dotted line a line made up of dots that is marked on paper, especially to show the place where someone must write their name: · Sign on the dotted line, please.· The dotted line on the map shows the path that goes from the church down to the river.· Fold the paper along the dotted line. a line of colour► stripe a straight line of colour on cloth, paper etc, usually part of a pattern where the line is repeated many times: · The American flag has red and white stripes.· He was wearing a grey suit with narrow blue stripes.· My horse had a big white stripe down the middle of his nose. ► striped also stripy British spoken something which is striped or stripy has a pattern on it which is made of many narrow coloured lines which are close together: · He was wearing a navy blue suit and a striped shirt.· stripey socksred and black striped/pink and blue striped etc: · My aunt knitted me a blue and white striped sweater for Christmas. ► band a thick coloured line: · a black snake with orange bands around its backband of: · There was a band of yellow in the rock.· How many bands of colour are there in a rainbow? ► streak a coloured line, especially one that is not straight or that has been made without any plan or pattern: · Her hair was brown, with streaks of gold.· Karen's dress had a big streak of red wine down the front.· "What have you been doing?" asked his mother, pointing at the streaks of dried mud on his arms and legs. a line on the ground or on the surface of something► line · If the ball goes over this line, it's out of play.yellow line (=a yellow line painted on the street which means that you cannot park there) · Monica got a fine yesterday for parking on a yellow line. ► rut a deep line made in a dirt track by the wheels of vehicles: · The road to the farm had deep ruts in it.· The carriage became stuck in a rut, and we all had to get out and push. ► tracks lines on the ground that are left by the wheels of a vehicle: · The police were busy examining the tyre tracks of the two vehicles which were involved in the accident.· We followed the tracks down a lane and arrived at an abandoned farmhouse. ► groove a thin line that has been cut into a surface, for example on a record: · The record player needle kept jumping out of the grooves.· Then you cut a groove into the wood, so that the two pieces can be slotted together. ► furrow one of many long lines which have been dug in a field in order to plant crops: · All around the furrows in the fields were filled with snow. a line on cloth where it has been folded or crushed► crease especially British a line on a piece of clothing or material where it has been folded or crushed: · When I unpacked my suitcase, all my shirts had creases in them. ► wrinkle especially American a line in a piece of clothing that is caused when it has not been folded or hung properly, but instead has been left somewhere untidily: · If you hang that dress over the bath, the steam will get the wrinkles out.· It's made from a special fabric that doesn't leave any wrinkles after you wash it. ► wrinkled especially American /creased especially British clothes that are wrinkled or creased have a lot of wrinkles or creases in them: · Your tie's creased, you'll have to iron it.· Chris, as usual, came in wearing old jeans and a wrinkled T-shirt. a line on someone's face or skin► line · When she laughed, little lines formed at the corners of her eyes and mouth.· The deep lines on his forehead showed that he was a worried man. ► wrinkle a deep line on someone's face or skin, which is caused by growing old: · Her face was old and covered in wrinkles.· Delay the effects of ageing with a revolutionary new anti-wrinkle cream. ► wrinkled if someone's face or skin is wrinkled , it has a lot of wrinkles on it: · a small man with a balding head and a very wrinkled face· Mrs Franz sat on the step, shelling peas with her wrinkled old hands. ► crease a deep line on someone's face or skin, which lasts for a short time because they are smiling, bending part of their body etc: · When he smiles, you can see the creases around his mouth and his eyes. a line of things► line several things that are standing next to each other or one behind the other: in a line: · Maisie had arranged her teddy bears in a line on the bed.line of: · In front of the house there is a line of tall trees. ► row a line of things that have been deliberately put next to each other, especially one of several lines that are arranged one behind the other: · The tiny cottages had been built in long rows.· They put a row of chairs out for the visitors.· Julie arranged her perfumes and creams in neat rows on the dressing table.row upon row (=many rows): · The back wall was covered with row upon row of files. ► bank a line of computers, televisions, or other electrical equipment: bank of: · Fans who couldn't get into the stadium watched the match on banks of TV monitors outside.· The scientists sit behind banks of computers, giving instructions to the crew of the spaceship. ► tier one of many rows of seats in a theatre, concert hall etc, which are at different levels: tier of: · We always sat in the top tier of seats.· Mason occupied two spaces on a tier of seats normally reserved for the board of directors and important visitors. a line of writing or numbers► line a line of writing that goes across a page: · Martin opened the letter and read the first few lines - it was bad news.· Start reading at line 12.line of: · a few lines of poetry ► column a line of numbers written under each other, that goes down a page: · Sales totals are shown in this column.· Add up the numbers in the column on the right. a line that separates two areas or countries► border the official line that separates two countries, or the area close to this line: · They escaped across the border into Thailand.border with: · Iraq had put thousands of troops along its border with Kuwait.border between: · The town lies on the border between Chile and Argentina.the German/Mexican/Swiss etc border: · Strasbourg is very close to the German border.cross the border: · As soon as we crossed the border we began to see signs of poverty.on the border: · Jeumont is a small town on the French-Belgian border.border town/area/region: · The army's main task was to patrol the border regions.border dispute (=when two countries disagree about where the border should be): · The two presidents met for the first time to discuss their longstanding border dispute. ► boundary the official line that marks the edge of an area of land, for example a farm or one of the parts of a country: · More and more people are moving outside the city boundaries.boundary between something and something: · The Mississippi River forms the boundary between Tennessee and Arkansas.draw a boundary (=(=decide where a boundary will be): · Politicians drew strangely shaped boundaries, in order to give themselves an advantage in the next election. to draw or mark a line on something► draw a line · The teacher drew a line on the blackboard.· Someone's drawn a line through my name and written in theirs. ► underline to draw a line under a word in order to make people notice it: · Don't forget to underline the title of the essay.· All the mistakes had been underlined in red ink. ► rule formal to draw a straight line using a ruler or other straight edge: · He ruled three lines under the title of his essay.· She divided the page into four by ruling two diagonal lines across it. a line of people► line a line of people who are standing behind each other or next to each other: · The Queen is walking slowly along the lines of soldiers, occasionally stopping to ask a question.in a line (=forming a line): · The photographer asked us to stand in a line.form a line (=make a line): · The teacher got the children to form a line before they went into the hall. ► row a line of people who have been arranged to stand or sit next to each other, especially when there are several lines of people arranged one behind another: · Can you see me in the photo? I'm in the back row on the left.in a row: · The hotel staff stood in a row to greet their important guests. ► queue British /line American a number of people who are standing one behind another, waiting to do something: · There was a queue of about fifteen people at the bus stop.queue for: · The line for the movie went right around the block.form a queue/line (=make a queue/line): · The women who were waiting outside the toilets began to form a queue.in the queue (=part of the queue): · Excuse me, are you in the queue? ► in single file if a group of people walk in single file , they walk one behind another in a line: · The path was so narrow that we had to walk in single file. ► procession a group of people or vehicles that move slowly along in a line, especially as part of a public ceremony: · We were held up by a long funeral procession.· The children were eager to take part in the carnival procession. ► parade an event in which a line of people such as musicians, dancers etc, or a line of decorated vehicles, go down the street while other people watch them in order to celebrate something: · A lot of soldiers were missing from the Victory parade.· When Johnson arrived home after the championships a big parade was held in his honour. ► column a long moving line of people, especially soldiers: · The column of French soldiers passed us on their way to the battlefront.· Columns of men and women were making their way towards the central square. to stand in a line of people► stand/wait/be in line also stand/wait on line American to stand in a line of people who are waiting to do something: · Jerry joined the crowd of people who were waiting in line outside the stadium.· Standing in line for hours at some government office was not exactly my idea of fun. to do something: · Are you in line to get tickets? ► queue British to stand in a line of people who are waiting to do something: · We had to queue for hours in the rain.queue to do something: · One of the other passengers who was queueing to get on the train suddenly had a heart attack.queue for: · Thousands queued for tickets to see the final. ► queue up British /line up American to form a line or join a line of people who are standing one behind another in order to wait to do something, for example buy a ticket: · We queued up outside the stadium and had to wait over an hour for our tickets.queue up to do something: · People began lining up to get into the movie theater. queue up for: · We used to have to queue up for bread every morning. ► line if many people line a street, they stand next to each other in lines along the sides of it, especially in order to see an important person or event: · Hundreds of people lined the streets to see the football team go by.· The route taken by the Queen was lined with crowds of people waving flags. to arrange things or people in a line► line up: line up somebody/something · He lined up the plates on the table in front of them.line somebody/something up · They lined the prisoners up and shot them.· The horses were being lined up for the start of the race. to arrange a group of things or people► arrange to put a group of things or people in a particular order or position: arrange somebody/something: · Why don't you arrange the kids and I'll take their picture.· Coyle arranged the cushions and sat down on the sofa.arrange something in pairs/rows/groups etc: · The desks were arranged in pairs.arrange something/somebody in a circle: · Can you arrange yourselves in a circle so that everyone can see me?arrange something alphabetically (=according to the letters of the alphabet): · The books are arranged alphabetically, according to author.arrange something in order of height/importance etc: · If you have a lot of things to do, just make a list and arrange them in order of importance. ► organize also organise British to arrange in order information, ideas etc according to a system, so that they will be more effective or easier to use: · Organize your notes very carefully before giving a speech.· You might find that writing an outline will help you to organize your thoughts.organize something into piles/groups etc: · The book is organized into three sections. ► set out to arrange a group of things on the floor, on a table, on a shelf etc for people to use, take, or look at: set out something: · If we set out the chairs now, they'll be ready for tonight's meeting.set something out: · A waiter brought drinks and sandwiches, and set them out on a low table beside the pool. ► be laid out if a town, building etc is laid out in a particular way, it is arranged in that way according to a particular plan: · I like the way your new office is laid out.be laid out according to: · Kyoto is laid out according to a grid system. ► line up to arrange people or things in a line: line up somebody/something: · "Line up your men," said the police inspector.line somebody/something etc up: · He lined the dolls up from tallest to shortest. ► order to arrange a group of things so that one comes after the other in a particular order: · The psychology books are ordered according to title, not according to author. ► put something in order to arrange things so that they are in the correct order: · He cleaned his desk and put his papers in order before locking up the office.put something in alphabetical/numerical order: · We need to put all the names in alphabetical order. ► rearrange to arrange a group of things in a different way from before: · "This room looks different. Have you painted it?" "No, I just rearranged the furniture."· This program allows you to create and rearrange images on-screen with the click of a mouse button. when you stand in a line of people waiting► queue (up) British to stand in a line of people who are all waiting for the same thing: · Students were queuing up at the bus-stop.queue (up) to do something: · It's worth queuing up to get the best tickets.queue (up) for: · I hope we don't have to queue for tickets. ► stand/wait in line American to stand in a line of people who are all waiting for the same thing: · Go and wait in line like everyone else.stand/wait in line for: · There were about 50 people standing in line for tickets outside the club.stand/wait in line to do something: · People stood in line to touch him, believing his body had healing powers. ► line up if people line up , they go and stand in a line and wait to do something or be given something: · The guard ordered us to line up by the wall.line up to do something: · Christopher and the other children lined up to receive their awards. ► queue British /line American a group of people, standing one behind the other, who are all waiting for the same thing: · The queue went right round the block.queue for: · There was a long queue for the toilets.the front/back of the queue/line: · After waiting for an hour, we finally got to the front of the line.join a queue/get in line: · I joined the queue for a taxi.· Two people tried to get in line ahead of us. ► be in the queue British /be in (the) line American to be waiting in a line with people who are all waiting for the same thing: · While I was in the queue at the bank I met an old school friend.· Kerry started talking to the people who were in line ahead of us.be in the queue for: · Several people in the line for the rollercoaster gave up and left. ► jump the queue British to get something before other people who have been waiting for it longer than you: · My official uniform meant that we could jump the queue.· While ordinary citizens had to wait months to get hospital treatment, government officials were able to jump the queue. ► push in/cut in informal to join a line in front of other people who are already waiting, so that you get something before them: · I hate people who push in in front of me!· Hey, that guy just cut in line! WORD SETS► Clothes & Fashionaccessory, nounalter, verbappliqué, nounarmband, nounarmhole, nounbag, nounbejewelled, adjectivebillfold, nounboater, nounbow, nounbowler, nounbow tie, nounbraid, nounbraid, verbbreast-pocket, nounbrim, nounbum bag, nounbust, nounbutton, nounbutton-down, adjectivebuttonhole, nouncape, nounchecked, adjectivecivvies, nounclasp, nouncleat, nounclingy, adjectiveclothes brush, nounclothes hanger, nounclutch bag, nouncoat check, nouncoat hanger, nouncoatroom, nouncobbler, nouncockade, nouncocktail dress, nouncodpiece, nouncollar, nouncollar stud, nouncolour-coordinated, adjectivecolourfast, adjectivecorsage, nouncostume, nouncoveralls, nouncravat, nouncrinkly, adjectivecut, noundark glasses, noundarn, verbdarn, noundart, noundécolletage, noundetailing, noundiadem, noundiaphanous, adjectivedishevelled, adjectivedowdy, adjectivedown-at-heel, adjectivedress, noundress, verbdressed, adjectivedressmaker, noundress sense, noundressy, adjectiveepaulette, nounfacing, nounfancy dress, nounfinery, nounfleecy, adjectivefop, noungarb, noungather, verbgingham, noungold-rimmed, adjectivegranny, adjectivegroom, verbhabit, nounhandbag, nounherringbone, nounknit, verbknitwear, nounline, verblined, adjectiveliner, nounlingerie, nounlining, nounlivery, nounlocker room, nounmade-to-measure, adjectivemade-to-order, adjectivemakeover, nounmodel, nounmodel, verbmodelling, nounmohair, nounname tag, nounnatty, adjectiveneckline, nounout, adverbpack, nounparasol, nounpinstripe, nounplaid, nounpleat, nounpleated, adjectiveplume, nounplumed, adjectiveplunging neckline, nounpocket, nounpocketbook, nounpocket handkerchief, nounpolka dot, nounpompom, nounpopper, nounpouch, nounpower dressing, nounpress, verbproof, verbpurse, nounraffish, adjectiveragged, adjectiverail, nounretro, adjectivesalon, nounsensible, adjectivesequin, nounset, verbshoeshine, nounshoulder bag, nounshoulder pad, nounshoulder strap, nounsingle-breasted, adjectivesize, nounsleeve, nounsleeveless, adjectivesling, nounsmocking, nounsoigné, adjectivespangle, nounsportswear, nounstarch, verbstitch, nounstud, nounstudded, adjectivetack, verbtail, nountailor, nountailored, adjectivetailoring, nountapered, adjectivetartan, nountatters, nounthread, nounthread, verbtie-dye, verbtie-pin, nountoe, nountoecap, nountoggle, nountongue, nountoupée, nountrainer, nountrimmings, nountrouser press, nounturn-up, nountweedy, adjectiveunbecoming, adjectiveundress, noununmentionables, nounvalet, nounwallet, nounwear, verbwearer, nounweatherproof, adjectivewell-dressed, adjectivewell-groomed, adjectivewristband, nounzip, nounzipper, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► got ... lined up Phrases He’s already got a new job lined up. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a boundary line· There was some disagreement about the exact position of the boundary line. ► branch line The rail company may have to close the branch line to Uckfield. ► the chain/line of command (=a system of passing decisions from people at the the top to the bottom)· Our company has a traditional management chain of command. ► a line/channel of communication (=a way of exchanging information, especially in an organization)· It's important to maintain good lines of communication between managers and staff. ► a commuter line (=a railway line that commuters use)· There’s a fast and reliable commuter line across Kent. ► crossed line I phoned him up and got a crossed line. ► a crowd lines the street/route etc· A crowd lined the street to catch a glimpse of the president. ► a cruise line/operator (=company that provides cruises) ► lines of demarcation traditional lines of demarcation between medicine and surgery ► a line drawing (=consisting only of lines)· The front cover had a line drawing of a girl on the beach. ► behind enemy lines (=behind the edge of an area that is controlled by an enemy army)· Men from the First Airborne Division were dropped behind enemy lines. ► line ... engaged She rang Mrs Tavett but the line was engaged. ► wrinkled/lined face (=with a lot of small lines, especially because of old age)· His wrinkled face must once have been handsome. ► crossed the finish line James crossed the finish line in just under four minutes. ► the front of the line/queue It took ages to get to the front of the queue. ► a line graph· A line graph is a way of presenting figures in visual form. ► take/adopt a hard line (on something) The school takes a very hard line on drugs. ► Lay it on the line Lay it on the line and tell them what’s really been happening. ► learn ... lines The actors hardly had time to learn their lines before filming started. ► starting line-up This was his first match in the starting line-up (=the players who begin the game). ► long line a long line of people ► the melody line (=the melody, compared to the other parts of the music)· The melody line is often set too high for people singing in church. ► lined paper (=printed with horizontal lines, for writing)· a note written on lined paper ► follow/toe the party line (=to support the official opinion) He refused to toe the party line. ► a phone line (=a telephone wire or connection)· Listeners jammed the phone lines, demanding to hear the song. ► cross ... picket line Very few workers were willing to cross the picket line. ► a line of poetry· She often quoted lines of poetry. ► a product range/line (=the range of things that a company makes and sells)· We want to broaden the company’s product line. ► line rental British English (=the money that you pay to use a telephone line) ► sleek lines the sleek lines of the new Mercedes ► taking a soft line Courts have been taking a soft line (=not being strict enough) with young offenders. ► in a straight line They sat down in a straight line. ► a telephone line· They didn’t even have a telephone line. ► next in line to the throne He is next in line to the throne (=will become king when the present ruler dies). ► taking a tough line The EU is taking a tough line with the UK over this issue. ► vertical line a vertical line ► somebody’s line of work (=type of work)· I meet lots of interesting people in my line of work. ► double yellow lines (=two lines of paint that mean you cannot park there at any time) COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► bank· There's another high bore tommorrow - when big weekend crowds are expected to line the banks to watch the surfing spectacular.· Crowds lined the river banks to watch more than twenty water sport enthusiasts brave the six foot tidal wave.· Trainloads of spectators lined the banks to watch the awesome spectacle of a river of ice racing relentlessly toward the Falls.· Live oak and valley oak dot the landscape, and willows and sycamores line the banks of seasonal creeks. ► building· By the third and fourth centuries at least eleven buildings lined the road, often separated by narrow side-streets or lanes.· Counter Assault Teams were rushed to the rooftops of buildings lining the park.· Both are inner-city areas, with tall residential buildings and workplaces lining narrow turn-of-the-century streets. ► crowd· The crowds that lined the roads on the way to the guillotine looked much like most of the people in Wallsend.· On election day, bands play in Treby Magna and crowds line the way to the polls, heckling the voters.· There's another high bore tommorrow - when big weekend crowds are expected to line the banks to watch the surfing spectacular.· Expectant crowds lined a fenced-off area divided into 1,000 yard-square plots.· Yet by far the most moving part of the whole day was the reaction of the crowds which lined the streets.· On the feast of Corpus Christi, crowds lined the streets to catch a glimpse of the consecrated host in procession. ► pocket· Inside, Titford and Barwick could apply the soft-talk while lining their elegant pockets with silver.· The private finance initiative has not papered over the cracks, although it has lined plenty of pockets.· Why don't journalists hold to the light those who grasp and grab, lining their pockets?· Aromatic residues lining the binding pocket are shown in purple.· Today the leading players have generally abandoned such violent methods, preferring to indulge in insider trading or to line their pockets. ► road· Here were the upright golden flames of the poplars lining the road, and the willows yellowing down by the creek.· The crowds that lined the roads on the way to the guillotine looked much like most of the people in Wallsend.· Giant dunes of crushed rock and miles of mammoth piping line the road.· Pine trees line the road, fields are overgrown and idyllic cottages sit snug in the forests.· Large palms and banana trees lined the roads and hamlets.· The giant palms lining the road inspected me disinterestedly as I coasted along trying to find the Alcade Apartments.· Rifles, bayonets, pistols, haversacks, cartridge-boxes, canteens, blankets, belts, and overcoats lined the road. ► route· I was overcome by the warmth of feeling displayed by the many thousands of people who lined the route of our march-past.· Dozens of people lined the route, some running alongside the bus, others taking pictures and some throwing things at it.· Spectators lining the route occasionally got closer to the action than they'd anticipated.· Thousands of people lined the route to pay their respects.· Hundreds of spectators are expected to line the route.· The car rattled along, crossing the myriad narrow gauge loco tracks that ran between the factories lining the route.· They mean 170 fewer troops lining the route for the Birthday Parade. ► shelf· Bags of manure line the shelves.· She bought books and lined the shelves of her bookcase.· Sticky bottles of cough medicine lined his bathroom shelf.· Rows of sweetie jars lined the shelves. ► side· Many of the country roads are lined on either side with tall trees, at times breathtakingly beautiful.· Alexei rode between dragons moulded from paper and paste which were lined up in a side street.· The moons will look like pinpoints of light lined up on either side of the planet.· A yellow tram ran along the centre and the street was lined on both sides with closed shops.· Since November, the panels have lined both sides of a subterranean wall near the entrance to a train station.· The head-lamps flashed over bushes and trees lining the sides of the narrow winding lane.· Glass cases lining one side of the corridor are full of books, stuffed birds, globes and charts. ► street· Old men and women lined the dirt street and cheered as her wagon passed by.· The funeral procession started peacefully in Brooklyn, with thousands following the coffin and lining the streets.· Inside, food, game and beer booths line the plaza and streets.· In the city of Rome it is believed that some 40,000 insulae lined the streets and squares.· I looked down on the houses lining the steep streets of Saltville.· Every evening hundreds of dealers lined Quarles Street. ► thousands· I was overcome by the warmth of feeling displayed by the many thousands of people who lined the route of our march-past.· Can Eric and the thousands of teleworkers lining up behind him be-come career telecommuters?· The street lights gave the pavements a glittering glow as if thousands of diamonds were lining his path.· The meetings ran for seventeen days, and thousands of enthusiastic guests lined up every evening to attend the open sessions. ► tree· Pine trees line the road, fields are overgrown and idyllic cottages sit snug in the forests.· On their return they discovered he had not only done as instructed but painted the trees which lined the drive as well.· Large palms and banana trees lined the roads and hamlets.· Paul D looked at the black trees lining the roadside, their defending arms raised against attack.· It would have been a pretty road in spring, with the blossom on the trees that lined it. ► wall· Or you could line the walls with bookshelves from waist-level, with cupboards underneath to provide storage and serving space.· The coffins were lined with roses, and hundreds of telegrams lined the walls.· By instigating a calcium deficiency inside the cells, the drugs cause muscles lining arterial walls to relax.· The room was flooded with a soft illumination, cleverly directed at the Gobelin tapestries that lined one wall.· Instead he fills them with any of the dozens of different varieties of liquid that line the walls of his lab.· The articles of Arthur Ronald Constance, the famed ring columnist, lined the walls in ancient, browned, curling tatters. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► line something ↔ up► line somebody/something ↔ up► line your own pockets► line something ↔ upPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► along the way/line 1to sew a piece of material onto the inside or back of another piece to make it stronger or warmer: Are those curtains lined?line something with something a leather coat lined with silk2to form a layer over the inner surface of something: The birds use small leaves for lining their nests.line something with something The cage should be lined with straw.3to form rows along the sides of something: Crowds lined the route to the palace.be lined with something The street was lined with small shops. a tree-lined avenue4line your own pockets to make yourself richer, especially by doing something dishonest – used to show disapprovalline up phrasal verb1if people line up, or if you line them up, they stand in a row or line, or you make them do this: Line up, everybody!line somebody ↔ up He lined us all up in the corridor.2line something ↔ up to arrange things in a row: I lined the bottles up on the sideboard.3line something ↔ up to move one thing so that it is in the correct position in relation to something elseline up with The windows should be lined up with the door frame.4 line somebody/something ↔ up to arrange for something to happen or for someone to be available for an event: We’ve lined up some excellent speakers for tonight. He’s already got a new job lined up. → line-up
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英语词典包含52748条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。