单词 | reproduction |
释义 | reproductionre‧pro‧duc‧tion /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən◂/ ●○○ noun Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorthe process of people or animals producing babies► reproduction Collocations · These insects have two different methods of reproduction.· Dr Weiss's research has focused mostly on human reproduction.· Evolution depends absolutely on the survival and reproduction of the species. ► reproduce to produce babies - use this especially to talk about the method by which this is done or the rate at which it happens: · People have a natural instinct to both reproduce and to care for their young.· Jellyfish reproduce by releasing eggs and sperm into the sea. ► breed if animals breed , they produce babies: · Rabbits breed very quickly. something that has been copied from something else► copy something that has been copied and made to look exactly like something else: · I don't have my original birth certificate. Will you accept a copy?copy of: · Connie left copies of the document on everybody's desk.· a 19th century copy of the popular Rembrandt painting ► photocopy also copy a copy of a piece of paper or a picture that has been made using a machine: · Please send a photocopy of your passport.make a copy: · Can you make seven copies of this, please? ► duplicate an exact copy of something that can be used in the same way, especially when the original one has been lost: · I only have one house key, but I'll have a duplicate made for when you visit. ► model a small copy of a building, vehicle, or machine, made to look exactly like the original building, vehicle etc: model of: · White's team made a model of the new ballpark to show the public.model ship/airplane etc: · There was a shelf in his bedroom full of model planes.scale model (=a model with the same size and distance relationships as the real thing): · The 1957 photo shows him holding a scale model of an ocean liner he built entirely by hand. ► replica a copy of a well-known vehicle, building, or weapon, especially one that is the same size as the original: · a replica fire truck from the 1920sreplica of: · A replica of the space shuttle is parked at the center's entrance.· The building is an exact replica of the original Globe theatre. ► reproduction a copy of an old or valuable work of art or piece of furniture: · The store sells a range of reproduction furniture in Colonial style.reproduction of: · a reproduction of a beautiful Ming vase ► imitation imitation jewellery, furniture, fur etc are copies of expensive things that are made of cheaper material so that they look similar but cost much less: · an imitation sheepskin seat cover · The original woodframe house had been covered with imitation brick siding. ► facsimile an exact copy of an old or valuable document or piece of writing, that is done on the same kind of paper or material it was originally written or printed on: · A facsimile of the 1896 book was published in February. ► backup copy/backup a copy of computer information that you save on a separate disk, so that if something goes wrong with your computer, you will still have the information: · Make sure to make backup copies of all your data.· Don't store the backups near the computer, where someone could easily steal them both. ► clone an animal or plant that is an exact copy of another one, and is produced by taking a cell from another plant or animal and developing it artificially: · These plants are all clones of the same original plant. WORD SETS► Biologyaerobic, adjectiveafterbirth, nounalgae, nounalimentary canal, nounamber, nounameba, nounamino acid, nounamoeba, nounanaconda, nounanaerobic, adjectiveandrogynous, adjectiveantibody, nounantigen, nounantitoxin, nounappendage, nounarm, nounarmour, nounasexual, adjectiveassimilation, nounatrophy, verbaviary, nounbacteria, nounbacteriology, nounbarnacle, nounbile, nounbinocular vision, nounbio-, prefixbiochemistry, nounbiodegradable, adjectivebiodiversity, nounbiohazard, nounbiological, adjectivebiological clock, nounbiology, nounbiomass, nounbiome, nounbiosphere, nounblind, nounbrain, nounbreathe, verbbreed, verbbreed, nounbreeding, nounbristle, nounbulb, nouncapsule, nouncarbohydrate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarnivore, nouncell, nouncellular, adjectivecellulose, nouncentral nervous system, nouncervical, adjectivecholesterol, nounchromosome, nouncirculation, nouncirculatory, adjectiveclass, nounclone, nouncold-blooded, adjectiveconceive, verbconch, nounconnective tissue, nouncopulate, verbcoral reef, nouncornea, nouncoronary, adjectivecorpuscle, nouncortex, nouncortisone, nouncowrie, nouncrab, nouncrawfish, nouncrayfish, nouncreature, nouncross, verbcrossbreed, nounculture, nouncytoplasm, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdefecate, verbdenizen, noundextrose, noundiaphragm, noundigest, verbdigestion, noundigestive, adjectiveDNA, noundorsal, adjectivedry rot, nounduct, noundwarf, noundwarf, adjectiveecological, adjectiveecology, nounecosystem, nounegg, nounejaculate, verbembryo, nounembryonic, adjectiveenzyme, nounepidermis, nounevolution, nounevolutionary, adjectiveexcrement, nounexcrescence, nounexcrete, verbexcretion, nounexhale, verbexoskeleton, nounextinction, nounfaeces, nounfamily, nounfang, nounfat, nounfatty acid, nounfauna, nounfeces, nounfeed, verbfemale, adjectivefemale, nounferment, verbferment, nounfertile, adjectivefertility, nounfertilize, verbfission, nounflank, nounflatulence, nounflesh, nounfleshy, adjectiveflightless, adjectiveflora, nounfoetal, adjectivefoetus, nounfoliage, nounfossil, nounfreak, nounfreshwater, adjectivefructose, noungamete, nounganglion, noungene, noungene pool, noungenera, genetic, adjectivegenetic code, noungenetic engineering, noungenetic fingerprinting, noungenetics, noungenome, noungenus, noungestation, noungland, nounglandular, adjectiveglucose, noungluten, noungonad, noungrass snake, noungrow, verbgrowth, nounhabitat, nounhaemoglobin, nounhearing, nounheart, nounhemisphere, nounherbivore, nounhereditary, adjectiveheredity, nounhermaphrodite, nounhibernate, verbhistamine, nounhoming, adjectivehormone, nounhost, nounimpregnate, verbimpulse, nounincubate, verbindigenous, adjectiveinfected, adjectiveinfertile, adjectiveinfest, verbingest, verbinhale, verbinseminate, verbinsensate, adjectiveinsulin, nounintegument, nounintercourse, nouninterferon, nounintestine, nouninvertebrate, nouninvoluntary, adjectiveiris, nounjaw, nounjelly, nounkidney, nounkrill, nounlactate, verblactation, nounlactic acid, nounleech, nounleg, nounlesser, adjectivelichen, nounlife, nounlife cycle, nounlife form, nounligament, nounlimb, nounlimpet, nounlipid, nounliver, nounliving fossil, nounlocomotion, nounlymph, nounlymph node, nounmale, adjectivemale, nounmammal, nounmandible, nounmate, nounmate, verbmembrane, nounmetabolism, nounmetabolize, verbmetamorphosis, nounmicrobe, nounmicrobiology, nounmicroorganism, nounmicroscopic, adjectivemigrate, verbmigratory, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmolar, nounmorphology, nounmotor, adjectivemould, nounmouth, nounmucous membrane, nounmucus, nounmulticellular, adjectivemuscle, nounmuscular, adjectivemutant, nounmutate, verbmutation, nounnatural history, nounnatural selection, nounnature, nounneck, nounnectar, nounnerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounnode, nounnose, nounnostril, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounnutriment, nounoesophagus, nounoestrogen, nounolfactory, adjectiveoptic, adjectiveorgan, nounorganic, adjectiveorganic chemistry, nounorganism, nounorifice, nounossify, verbosteo-, prefixoutgrowth, nounova, ovary, nounoverwinter, verboviduct, nounoviparous, adjectiveovulate, verbovum, nounparasite, nounpathogen, nounpedigree, nounpelvic, adjectivepelvis, nounpenile, adjectivepenis, nounpepsin, nounperiod, nounperspiration, nounperspire, verbphotosynthesis, nounphylum, nounpigment, nounpigmentation, nounplankton, nounplasma, nounpollinate, verbpostnatal, adjectivepregnancy, nounpregnant, adjectivepremature, adjectiveprenatal, adjectiveproduct, nounproliferation, nounpropagate, verbprotein, nounprotoplasm, nounprotozoan, nounpuberty, nounpulmonary, adjectivepulp, nounpulsation, nounputrefy, verbputrid, adjectivered blood cell, nounregurgitate, verbrenal, adjectivereproduce, verbreproduction, nounreproductive, adjectiverespiration, nounrespiratory, adjectiverespire, verbretina, nounroot, nounrot, verbrot, nounruff, nounsac, nounsaliva, nounsalivary gland, nounsalivate, verbsaltwater, adjectivescale, nounscallop, nounscaly, adjectivesebaceous, adjectivesecrete, verbsecretion, nounsemen, nounsense organ, nounsensory, adjectiveserum, nounsex, nounsex, verbsexless, adjectivesexual intercourse, nounsheath, nounshell, nounsibling, nounskeletal, adjectiveskeleton, nounskin, nounskull, nounspasm, nounspasmodic, adjectivespecies, nounspecimen, nounsperm, nounspiderweb, nounspinal cord, nounspine, nounspineless, adjectivestarch, nounstem cell, nounstimulate, verbstimulus, nounstrain, nounsubject, nounsubspecies, nounsucker, nounsucrose, nounsweat, verbsweat, nounsweat gland, nounsymbiosis, nounsystemic, adjectivetail, nountaxonomy, nounteeth, testosterone, nountest-tube baby, nountissue, nountrachea, nountube, noununicellular, adjectiveurethra, nounuric, adjectiveurinate, verburine, nounvariety, nounvector, nounvein, nounvenom, nounvenomous, adjectiveventricle, nounvertebra, nounvertebrate, nounvivisection, nounwarm-blooded, adjectivewean, verbwildlife, nounwindpipe, nounyolk, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► sexual reproduction Word family sexual reproduction ► reproduction furniture/chairs etc a reproduction Louis XIV table COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► faithful reproduction a faithful reproduction of the original picture ► vegetative reproduction/propagationCOLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► asexual· The same pattern of asexual reproduction occurs in water fleas, aphids and even a few lizards.· We can not, then, say that asexual reproduction is cloning.· But here is a form of asexual reproduction that does not lead to cloning.· Moreover, with strictly asexual reproduction, mutations will inevitably accumulate. ► cultural· Evidently, cultural reproduction in this sense is not an automatic or uncontested process.· There is an effectively full parity between the purposes of cultural production and this more general social and cultural reproduction. ► expanded· Thus' what we have ... is not expanded reproduction, but an Ever-increasing under-production.· This process may be called expanded negative reproduction.· It seemed as though Bukharin's expanded negative reproduction was going into free-fall.· Thus, negative expanded reproduction runs parallel to the accumulation of paper values.· Thus expanded negative reproduction carries with it the seeds of revolution.· This suggests, given the assumptions of the model, that the unproductive component is a necessary one for expanded reproduction. ► good· Their secret is mixing good quality reproduction pieces with carefully chosen antiques.· The best that any reproduction system can provide is a sketch.· The wider tape gives better quality reproduction and the machines are very robust - an important consideration for the classroom.· Unlike Pro Logic, it has two discrete rear channels for the best special-effects reproduction yet.· Will she find good reproductions of Lee Krasner's work?· Do you know where I might find one, or do you know of anyone who makes good reproductions? ► human· This habit of mono-reproduction is explicitly compared by the Lele to human reproduction.· The Discovery of Paternity Many people assume patriarchy developed when men discovered their importance in human reproduction.· Again the virgin birth, in view of what we now know of human reproduction, has become highly suspect for people.· Everywhere machinery multiplies with almost human-like proliferation, replicating and updating more quickly than human reproduction. ► photographic· He would take a successful picture by Ge rme and purchase its lithographic and photographic reproduction rights.· The artist is often compelled to work with the photographic reproduction in mind.· Electronic stencils produce photographic reproduction. 4.· The prose of this chapter measures the adequacy of verbal accounts of catastrophe in the age of photographic reproduction. ► simple· Under simple reproduction all surplus-value is consumed unproductively by the capitalists.· Marx used a numerical model of simple reproduction, which we have seen in Chapter 3, and suggested that Dept.· Marx's Reproduction Schemas Marx formalised his ideas about simple and extended reproduction in Vol.· This behaviour goes beyond simple biological reproduction.· Marx built a model of simple reproduction upon the following assumptions: Only two departments of production. ► social· Needs are always related back to capitalism's demand for the social reproduction of its labour force.· Moreover, such a theory must more fully integrate diverse moments of social reproduction, both semiotic and political economic.· The basis for education's ability to bring about this process of social reproduction lies in what Bourdieu terms cultural capital.· Few anthropologists have focused specifically upon the place of the object in social reproduction.· There is an effectively full parity between the purposes of cultural production and this more general social and cultural reproduction.· Therefore, in terms of the total social capital accumulation and social reproduction, Dept. ► vegetative· A further source of vegetative reproduction lies in the rhizomes of numerous species.· For these plants we are of course still dependent on vegetative reproduction.· One of these methods of vegetative reproduction is typical for some species; others utilize both methods mentioned above.· In addition, the plants obtained by vegetative reproduction are relatively mature and develop quickly. NOUN► colour· Compared with the exhibition catalogue, the book's colour reproductions are very poor.· They may be seen through 13 March and there is a catalogue with colour reproductions and an essay by Maurice Poirier.· With pride and pleasure, he flips out pairs of colour reproductions on to the kitchen table.· Fine quality colour reproductions serve the extraordinary beauty of these images well.· One incidental advantage of personality pieces is that the magazines in which they appear may be able to afford good-quality colour reproductions.· The standards which can be obtained in colour reproductions today are high, but not always attained. ► furniture· It was often buried away among Regency reproduction furniture in shops which were empty most of the time.· Off the pitch he's in the reproduction furniture business. ► quality· This hook is particularly useful for its quality reproduction of images.· Their secret is mixing good quality reproduction pieces with carefully chosen antiques.· The wider tape gives better quality reproduction and the machines are very robust - an important consideration for the classroom.· The base level for anything approaching quality reproduction would be 64 levels and this needs over 6.5 megabytes. WORD FAMILYnounproduceproducerproductproductionreproductionproductivityadjectiveproductive ≠ unproductivecounterproductivereproductivereproducibleverbproducereproduceadverbproductively 1[uncountable] the act or process of producing babies, young animals, or plants: Scientists studied the reproduction, diet, and health of the dolphins. sexual reproduction2[uncountable] the act of producing a copy of a book, picture, piece of music etcreproduction of Unauthorized reproduction of this publication is strictly forbidden.3[countable] a copy of a work of art, piece of furniture etcreproduction of a reproduction of Vincent Van Gogh’s ‘Sunflowers’reproduction furniture/chairs etc a reproduction Louis XIV table |
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